Indian Institute of Technology Bombay

MA 503 Functional Analysis

Assignment V

1. Show that if X is a normed space, then the weak topology on X and the weak*
topology on X ∗ are both Hausdorff.

2. Let X := c0 , the space all sequences converging to 0. Then X ∗ = l1 and

X ∗∗ = l∞ . For all i ∈ N, let ei be the sequence with i-th co-ordinate is 1 and
rest of the co-ordinateds are 0.

(i) Show that the sequence {en }n∈N converges weakly in X to zero, but does
not converge in X.
(ii) Show that the sequence {en }n∈N converges in the weak* sense in X ∗ to
zero, but does not converge in the weak or norm senses in X ∗ .
(iii) Show that the sequence { ∞
P
m=n em }n∈N converges in the weak* topology
of X to zero, but does not converge in X ∗∗ .
∗∗

(iv) Show that sequences in X ∗ which converge in the weak topology, also
converge in the norm topology. Does it mean that the weak topolgy and
the norm topology on X ∗ are equivalent (optional)?

3. Let X be a Banach space, and let {xn } be a sequence in X which converge

weakly to a limit x ∈ X. Show that the sequence {xn } is bounded, and

kxkX ≤ lim inf kxn kX .

n→∞