2.

1 Foreign Tourist
The tourism sector, which has become global and has attracted many foreign and
even cross-country tourists, is also finally able to become a nation's ambassador who
preaches to the world, the existence of the Indonesian nation and state (Suwena & Ngurah
Widyatjama, 2017). The definition of foreign tourists according to the recommendations of
the United Nations World Tourism Organization (UNWTO) is any person who travels to a
country outside the country of residence, less than one year, driven by a main purpose
(business, vacation, or other personal purposes), other than to work with residents of the
countries visited. This definition includes two categories of foreign guests, namely:
Tourists, every visitor as defined above who stays at least 24 hours, but not more than
12 (twelve) months at the place visited with the purpose of visiting, among others:
Personal: vacation, recreation, visiting friends or family, study or training, sports health.
Religion, shopping, transit, and others. Business and professional: attending meetings,
conferences or congresses, trade shows, concerts, shows, and more. Traveler
(Excursionist), every visitor as defined above who stays less than twenty-four hours in
the place visited (including cruise passenger, i.e. every visitor who arrives in a country by
ship or train, where they do not stay at accommodation available in that country)
(UNWTO, 2019). According to OECD glossary tourists are foreign persons admitted
under tourist visas (if required) for purposes of leisure, recreation, holiday, visits to
friends or relatives, health or medical treatment, or religious pilgrimage. The following
definitions are based on the WTO definitions and classifications and explain the various
types of visitors. Tourist - (overnight visitor) visitor staying at least one night in a
collective or private accommodation in the place visited, Same Day Visitor
(Excursionists) - visitor who does not spend the night in a collective or private
accommodation in the place visited, Visitor - any person traveling to a place other than
that of his/her usual environment for less than 12 consecutive months and whose main
purpose of travel is not to work for pay in the place visited, Traveler - any person on a
trip between two or more locations ((Govdeli & Direkci, 2017).
Tourist is a person who travels to destinations outside his/her residence and working
place, and stays for at least 24 hours, for the purpose of leisure or business (Sebahattin
Emre & Nur Kulakoğlu, 2018). Visitors who travel to and stay in places outside their usual
environment for more than twenty-four (24) hours and not more than one consecutive
year for leisure, business and other purposes not related to the exercise of an activity
remunerated from within the place visited (Noor et al., 2010). The number of arrivals of
tourists/visitors. An individual who makes multiple trips to the country is counted each
time as a new arrival. Foreign Exchange Earnings from tourism are the receipts of the
country as a result of consumption expenditure, i.e. payments made for goods and
services acquired, by foreign visitors in the economy out of the foreign currency brought
by them. The number of Domestic Tourist Visits to different States and Union Territories
(UTs) are being compiled based on the information received from them (OECD, 2019).
As in the book of “Dasar-dasar Kepariwisataan” written by Isdamarto, Norval, a
British economist, limits international tourists as follows: “Every person who comes to a
foreign country for a reason than to establish his permanent residence or such
permanent work and who spends in the country of his temporary stay, the money he has
earned else where". Tourist is any person who visits a country, with the aim of not
staying or working permanently, and spends his money in that place with money earned
elsewhere. The main points that are important from the boundaries of the League of
Nations that need to be noted are, travel from one country to another, travel time is at
least 24 hours. Henceforth, this Commission of the League of Nations will refine the
definition of the definition, by classifying people who can be referred to as tourists and
non-tourists. Tourist criteria are, those who travel for the purpose of having fun, visiting
family, etc, those who travel for the purposes of meetings or for certain tasks, such as in
science, state duties, diplomacy, religion, sports etc, those who travel for business
purposes, those who make the visit follow the ship's journey, even though they stay less
than 24 hours. (Isdarmanto, 2017). The glossary of UNWTO, defined tourist as, Tourist
(or overnight visitor): A visitor (domestic, inbound or outbound) is classified as a tourist
(or overnight visitor), if his or her trip includes an overnight stay, or as a same-day visitor
(or excursionist) otherwise (UNWTO, 2018).
In 2016, the World Tourism Organization indicates that international tourist arrivals
will reach 1.235 million In addition, the tourist arrivals in the world are predicted to reach
1.8 billion by 2030. The magnitude of the tourism industry contributions to the economy
and employment in the world makes this industry very important for most countries. The
tourism industry in Indonesia has been planned to be the first rank in the future as the
contributor to the country's foreign exchange. However, when compared to other
countries in ASEAN, tourist arrivals in Indonesia are ranked fourth after Thailand,
Malaysia and Singapore. The ratings reflect that Indonesia has not shown a good
performance when compared with its neighbours. Some improvements must be made to
make Indonesia able to compete with neighbouring countries in attracting tourists to visit
Indonesia. The experience quality of each tourist's may vary from every country. This is
due to the cultural differences of different countries. Another opinion also stated that the
different experience quality of tourist caused by changes in the tourist mood’s while
visiting the tourism place (Megandini & Kusdibyo, 2016). International tourism has turned
into one of the main economic activities and an important source of foreign exchange
earnings and employment in many developing countries (SESRIC, 2010).