Calculus

Worksheet #42 including Notes on Exact Area

Steps for finding the Area Under a Curve:
• Graph f(x)
• Shade the area enclosed by f(x); x = a; x = b; and the x-axis. [You can only take the area of a
closed region, so you must include the x-axis (which is y=0)]
b
• Find the area of the shaded region using Area = ∫ f ( x)dx
a

Examples:
1) f(x) = 2x + 1; a = 0, b = 2
y

2
2 4

∫ (2 x + 1)dx = x
2
+ x] = (4 + 2) − 0 = 6
0 3
0
2

−2 −1 1 2 3 4

2) f(x) = x2 – 4; a = 2, b = 4
11 y

10
9
4 8

x3 ⎛ 64 ⎞ ⎛ 8 ⎞ 32
∫2 ( )
4
− 4 x] = ⎜ − 16 ⎟ − ⎜ − 8 ⎟ =
7

x − 2
4 dx = 6
5
3 2
⎝ 3 ⎠ ⎝3 ⎠ 3 4
3
2
1 x

−8 −7 −6 −5 −4 −3 −2 −1 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14
−1
−2
−3
−4
−5
−6
−7

3) f(x) = 3 – x2; a = -1, b = 1

y
4

1
x3 1 ⎛ 1 ⎞ ⎛ 1 ⎞ 16 3

∫ (3 − x )dx = 3x −
2

3
]−1
= ⎜ 3 − ⎟ − ⎜ −3 + ⎟ =
⎝ 3⎠ ⎝ 3⎠ 3 2
−1
1

−3 −2 −1 1 2 3

−1

2
4) f(x) = 2x – x ; a = 0, b = 2
y

[Make graphing easy!! Find the x-intercepts: 1

f(x) = 2x – x2 = 0 So x(2 – x) = 0; x = 0 and x = 2.]

2
x3 2 ⎛ 8⎞ 4
x

∫0 (2 x − x )dx = x − 3 ]0 = ⎜⎝ 4 − 3 ⎟⎠ − 0 = 3
2 2 −1 1 2 3

−1

5) f(x) = ex; a = 0, b = 2
y
7

2 6
2
∫ e dx = e ] = e − e = e −1
x x 2 0 2
5
0
0 4

−4 −3 −2 −1 1 2 3 4 5

Revised: 11/9/2010
 Calculus
Worksheet #42 including Notes on Exact Area

Problems #1 – 8: Graph and find the area under the graph of f from a to b by integrating.

1. f ( x ) = x + 1; a = 0, b = 3 2. f ( x ) = 4 − x; a = −1, b = 2
3. f ( x ) = 4 − x ; a = −2, b = 2
2
4. f ( x ) = 4 x − x 2 ; a = 0, b = 4
π π π π
5. f ( x ) = cos x; a = − , b= 6. f ( x ) = sin x; a = , b=
2 2 6 3
7. f ( x ) = e ; a = 0, b = 1
2x
8. f ( x ) = e ; a = −1, b = 1
x

For #9 – 10: Graph f(x). You need to “find” a (left-most x-value) and b (right-most x-value).
In these two problems, they are where f(x) crosses the x-axis.
Now find the area of the bounded region.

9. Bounded by the x−axis and the parabola y = 4 − x 2 (What is a? b? )

10. Bounded by the x−axis and the parabola y = 4 x − x 2 (What is a? b? )

For #11: Graph the region stated and then find the area of the bounded region.

11. Bounded by the curve y = x and the lines x = 4 and y = 0 (What is a? b? )

#12 & #13 are a little trickier, because the region bounded does not involve the x-axis.
For these you must:
• Graph the given functions to find the closed region that you will find the area of
• Then write down: Top function – Bottom function (in terms of x only)
• Find the values for a and b
b
• Integrate to find the area: Area = ∫ (Top − Bottom)dx
a

12. Lying in the first quadrant and bounded by the curves y = sin x , y = 1, and x = 0

• What function is on top of shaded region? y =1 On the bottom? y = sin x

• What is Top − Bottom = 1 − sin x
• What is a? b?
• Write the appropriate integral and find the area

Revised: 11/9/2010
 Calculus
Worksheet #42 including Notes on Exact Area
13. Bounded by the parabola y = x 2 and the line y = x + 2

• What function is on top of the shaded region? On the bottom?

• What is Top – Bottom =
• What is a? b?
• Write the appropriate integral and find the area

Review Problems

1 0
14. ∫ x dx
−2
= 15. ∫ ( x + 2 ) dx
−4
=

Answers:
15 21 32 32 5. 2 3 −1 e2 − 1 e2 − 1
1. 2. 3. 4. 6. 7. 8.
2 2 3 3 2 2 e
9. 10. 11. 12. 13. −3 15. 0
14.
a=2; b=- a=0; b=4 a=0; b=4 π y = x + 2; y = x 2 2
2 32 16 a = 0; b =
2 x + 2 − x2
32 3 3 π
3 Area = −1 a = −1; b = 2
2
9
Area =
2

Revised: 11/9/2010