Google IT Support

CPU:

CPU manufacturing companies:

1. Intel
2. AMD
3. Qualcom

Thing to consider while selecting or changing a CPU:

1. while selecting CPUs check the compatibility of mother board

2. Types of CPUs
 Land Grid Array (LGA)
 Pin Grid Array(PGA)
Make sure the motherboard and CPU sockets matches while purchasing
3. fix a heatsink to the CPU (Compulsary)
4. Check whether the CPU is 32 or 64 bit.

RAM:

Short term memory of computer which stores data temporarily

Most commonly used RAM is DRAM(Dynamic RAM) which store each bit in an microscopic Capacitor

And SDRAM is built and it is known as Synchronize Dynamic Ram. SDRAM Synchronize clock time of computer which
allows high speed

Another type of ram is DDR SDRAM. DDR stands for Double Data Rate SDRAM.

So RAMS are of two types

1. SDR RAM
2. DDR RAM

Make sure while changing or buying new ram that the ram is compatible with the mother board.

Mother Board:

Components of a motherboard

1. Chipset
Chipset are of two types
 North Bridge : connects ram and video cards
 South Bridge: connects Input output components
2. Expansion Slots
Used to increase the functionality of computer
3. Form factor

It is the size of motherboard or the number stuffs that can put into a mother board

Most commonly used form actor is ATX: Advanced t3chnology extended

 ITX is another form factor that is used. ITX: Information Technology extended

Storage:

Two types of hard disks are

1. HDD: Hard Disk Drive

2. SSD: Solid State Drive

HDDs are prone more failures than SSD

SSDs are faster than HDD

HDDs speed is determined based on RPM. The higher the RPM the faster it works.

SSDs are more expensive than HDDS.

Interfaces that hard drives used to connect to the systems are

1. ATA: Serial ATA or SATA.

2. NVM Express

SATA uses a cable to connect hard drive to mother board and it is the most used interface. It can be used for HDD
but not faster for SSD.

Whille connecting or disconnecting the SATA it is not necessary to turn off the computer

NVMe interfaces are comes as slots directly on mother boards which are faster.

Mobile Dvices:

Charge cycle: one full charge and discharge of a battery

Battery’s life is decided based on charge cycle

Peripherals:

Two types of USBs are there,

1. Type A: USB 2.0, USB 3.0, USB 3.1

2. Type C: Micro USB, USB-C, USB4, Lightning Port

USB 2.0 : 480 Mb/s (Black In color)

USB 3.0: 5Gb/s (Blue in Color)

USB 3.1: 10 Gb/s (Teal in color)

Other peripheral ports:

1. DVI : only video output

2. HDMI : Video and Audio
3. Display Port : video and audio
4. C type: video and audio

Network Ports:

1. POTS: Plain old telephone Service (used for telephones , dialup connections etc.
2. DSL: Digital Subscriber line (used for internet
3. Cable internet: used for high speed internet access
4. Fiber optics : used by internet service providers

Device Connectors:

1. DB89: uswed connect keyboard mouse and joystick

2. Molex: used to connect hard disc, disk drive etc.

Punch down cards: Used to connect telephones or data lines

BIOS:
BIOS are known as Basic input and output system.

It used to connect output and input devices to CPU. It tells the cpu everything needed for the smooth run of input
and output devices.

It is the software used to connect hardware of the computer.

Software needed run BIOS is not saved in hard disc it is saved in Read only memory chip (ROM Chip)

UEFA:
Another player for BIOS is UEFA : unified extensible firmware interface

Perform same operations of a BIOS but compatible most efficient than BIOS.

POST:
It is known as Power on self-test.

POST will check for all devices that are connected to the computer for its workability.

If there any problem in any device POST will give a message by two beep sounds.

If everything perfect and set itll give a message with one beeb sound.

CMOS battery:
It store all data like date time location which are needed for booting or POST.
REIMAGING:
1. Wiping
2. Reinstalling an operating system or OS.

** BIOS are used in booting or Reimaging an Operating system

OPERATING SYSTEM
Remote Connection:

Allows us to use multiple machine anywhere from the world.

There are two common types of remote connection

1. SSH
2. VPN

SSH:

Its protocol implemented by other programs to securely access one computer form another

To connect you need a SSH client and SSH server

SSH Authentication keys:

There are two types of such keys

1. Private
2. Public

You need two of the above keys to connect remote connection.

Remote connection in windows:

PuTTY is used in remote connection

 Go to putty and enter the IP address of the computer

 Set connection type to SSH and port to 22
 Enter open to start a new SSH session
 Then add login details and password in command section

Another way:

 Open powershell and

 Type putty.exe – ssh name of computer@IPaddress 22

Another way is RDP : Remote Desktop Protocol

Operating system:

Two parts of operating system

 Kernel Space
o Process manager
o File manager
o Memory manager
o I/O manager
 User interface

Kernel connects to hardware and perform tasks.

File Manager;

Components of file handling or file system are

1. Data
2. Meta data
3. File System