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Compressor Surge Control Basics

This document discusses compressor surge, including what surge is, the surge cycle, consequences of surging, control system properties, and surge control systems. Surge occurs when the compressor reaches its peak head capability and minimum flow limit, causing unstable oscillations in discharge pressure and flow rate. A surge control system aims to prevent surge and maintain stability by ensuring minimum flow is not reduced below a specific head during operation. The control system allows for an extended operational range while avoiding restrictions that could lead to mistakes and surge.

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saikat das
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119 views13 pages

Compressor Surge Control Basics

This document discusses compressor surge, including what surge is, the surge cycle, consequences of surging, control system properties, and surge control systems. Surge occurs when the compressor reaches its peak head capability and minimum flow limit, causing unstable oscillations in discharge pressure and flow rate. A surge control system aims to prevent surge and maintain stability by ensuring minimum flow is not reduced below a specific head during operation. The control system allows for an extended operational range while avoiding restrictions that could lead to mistakes and surge.

Uploaded by

saikat das
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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SAIKAT DAS

ROLL-Y9105071
Introduction

What is surge?
Surge cycle

Consequences of surging

Control system properties

Surge control system

conclusion
Compressor stability plays a major role in overall engine stability.

The occurrence of surge depends on the pressure ratio-mass flow


characteristic of the compression system.

Surge starts to occur in a region of the compressor map, where the


pressure ratio/mass flow characteristics for a constant speed have a
positive slope.

For preventing surge and maintaining compressor stability, surge-


control system plays an important role over the range of compressor
operations.
 Surging is defined as a self oscillation of the discharge pressure and flow
rate, including a flow reversal.

 Surge is also defined as the operating point at which the compressor peak
head capability and minimum flow limit are reached.

 The compressor loses the ability to maintain the peak head when surge
occurs and the entire system becomes unstable.

 Under normal conditions, the compressor operates to the right of the


surge line.
Consequences of surging can include:
1. Rapid flow and pressure oscillations cause process instabilities
2. Rising temperatures inside the compressor
3. Audible vibrations and shocks
4. Mechanical damage

Mechanical damage can include:


1. Radial bearing load during the initial phase of surging. A side load is
placed on the rotor which acts perpendicular to the axis
2. Thrust bearing load due to loading and unloading
3. Seal rubbing
4. Stationary and rotating part contact if thrust bearing is overloaded.
 The principle of a compressor surge-control system is based on ensuring
that the flow through the compressor is not reduced below a minimum
flow limit at a specific head.

 Restriction of the operating window of the compressor in order to avoid


surge because of mistakes in the surge control system design should be
avoided.

 A properly designed surge-control system can allow the operational


range of the compressor to be extended based on the response of
the surge-control system.
 Basic philosophy of compressor surge phonomenon
and surge control system has been discussed.
1. N Cumpsty Compressor aerodynamics 10: 329-336
1989:New York: John Wiley Sons
2. M . P. Boyce Axial flow compressor 2.0:1-33
3. http: //pipelineand gasjournal.com/

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