CHAPTER ONE

E-COURIER MANAGEMENT SYSTEM

1.0 INTRODUCTION
This project is for online Company. E- Courier System are an important role in the world to transfer things one
place to another place in today. I have selected to work on this project for sake of online this system.The basic
theme is that the work which is currently being done manually in this organization to be now done with the help of
computer . This will bring efficiency in the system and also better facilitate the users send their documents or other
shipment details online to the destination. In this organization, there may be many systems at
Work. The scope of our project is limited to the E-courier system. The scope of my project is to add new employee
manager, calculation of freight of shipment from source to destination place. The objective of the project is to
online the current manual system of the E-courier. This includes activities. First authentication of login to use
admin site.To facilitate add/update employees data. To facilitate customer track its consignment online and check
status.To facilitate admin updated status of consignment . Tracing consignment result on provide short message on
website and also on email.The E-courier Project Management System data is kept as paper and also doesn’t have
reliable security, no multiple users access and cannot be logging, to solve these problems the faculties recognized
the need of Company to manage the customers E-couriereasily.In this chapter we will discuss deeply the
background of this project, problem statements, and purpose of the projects, project scope and objectives and the
significant of the project Duke University School of Law. (2021).
1.1 BACKGROUND OF THESYSTEM
Companys are Online Based information systems which are created by the company to maintain relations with its
customer, Service and Collage deans while they are doing their thesis book.the systems uses to collect E-
courierinformation and organize outreach activities. Typical systems collect information about the Approved
Projects, request new projects, and assign project and supervisors to customerFitzgerald, B. &Kenny, T. (2010).

Prior to the internet revolution, company had limited ways to engage their former service. Searching E-courierwere
through web, Excel Spreadsheet or Desktop Applications and since the E-courier Project management system are
likely to be complicated in search of their own Projects, the service ‘efforts to reach Approved E-courierwas
affected by consuming time. Also communications were informative in nature and not interactive Walker, R.
(1988).

Following the internet revolution in 1969, though official Company were put in place and the Company who had
adopted and implemented early are University of California Berkeley, Massachusetts institute of
technology ,University of Illinois at Urbana Cambridge, National university of Singapore, University of Michigan,
ETH Zurich University college London, University of Wisconsin-Madison, University of oxford, Harvard
university.

Recent developments in information technology and internet have resulted in faster, easier and less expensive
means of communication.University have well maintained websites dedicated to university news, departmental,
course and Collage information. Using the same means, most Company developed Company which typically
concise the operational process for E-courier projects.

The E-courierManagement System is Online Based and intended to help the faculties to manage E-courierE-
courier and to communicate with their customers. Here is an example which was did (KHELIFI, 2005) for the E-
courier undertaken in the faculty of engineering of ALHOSN University and at the College of Information
Technology of Zayed University in 2005 for using ECMS but as online they have developed in 2012 that were
examined. Although the results might not be entirely applicable to other faculties, the software will be flexible
enough to be deployed in other environments. In our case study, we have selected HorseedInternatioal university;
one of the most famous university in Somalia.
HorseedInternational University a non-profit organization that is located in Somalia especially the capital city of
Mogadishu that provide higher service both undergraduate courses including; economics, business, computer
science and IT, service, public administration, medical and health sciences, engineering

1.2PROBLEM STATEMENT

Keeping record of parcels in a courier service company and their delivery information is carried out manually. A
lot of files are opened for daily record of parcels received or delivered. This litters the office with much paper
documents. Most often records are misplaced and when a client comes to collect his parcel, he\she spend some
hours waiting for confirmation of the parcel. Hence delay is bound to occur while delivering parcel to customers.
Also, customers must visit the post office before they can purchase stamps or any other item

1.3 PURPOSE OF THE PROJECT

The general purpose of the projectsto develop an online basede-courier that will help the process of recording customerneeds
in service.Do you regularly require overnight or express shipping? If you can answer these simple questions, it will help you
select a more appropriate ship service for your business

1.4 PROJECT OBJECTIVES

The main objectives of the E-Courier Services System are:-
  To study and investigate how E-Courier Services System work.
 To develop E-Courier Services System
 To implement To impalement property registration and MGNT system using this technologies front page
with PHP and back end the database MySQL.
1.5 SCOPE OF THE PROJECT
E-Courier System (DRS) performs many service include registration Shipment documentation and others. This
project will encompass organizational wide management system organized into the following key areas: Customer
registration, Customer order, and check availability of Shipment. This system specifically investigates E-Courier in
Mogadishu-Somalia and will be conducted between 2015-2016. Since this is our final project for undergraduate
level we develop it in 1 year using PHP as front end andMYSQL as backend
1.6 SIGNIFICANCE OF THE PROJECT
The best E-courier system always reliable in terms of getting your items safely delivered on time Speed: Fast
delivery matters the most. Customers trust E-courier services that timely delivers their parcels for smooth
functioning of their businesses. So the e-courier management system developed will assist E-courier
Service Companies to Increase sales opportunities for the seller.
1.7: PROJECT ORGANIZATION

Chapter 1 discusses Introduction, background of the study, problem statement, purpose of the study, Research
objectives, Scope of the study, Significance of the study, project organization.
Chapter 2 discusses Review of Related literature, Introduction, concepts, opinions or ideas From authors/experts,
previous work/existing system, gap analysis and direction, chapter summary.
Chapter 3 discusses Requirement analysis, Introduction, user requirement analysis, Preliminary investigation,
Data gathering, problem statement, feasibility study, user requirement specification, chapter Summary.
Chapter 4 discusses System Design, Introduction, Design Goals, Database Design, Entity Diagram Relationship
(ERD), Data Dictionary, Table Design, Form Design, Report Design, Chapter summary.
Chapter 5 discusses System Development, Introduction, Coding Phase, Types of Testing, User Documentation,
Implementation, and Chapter Summary.
Chapter 6 discusses Recommendation and Conclusion, Introduction, Conclusion, Concluding Remarks,
References, Appendixes.
 CHAPTER TWO
LITERATURE REVIEW
2.0 INTRODUCTION
The literature review deals with the topics and the researches that would help to understand E-Courier Service
System and the existing systems that are similar to it. The objective of this literature review is to analyze the
related work to this project and mechanisms used in previous studies, and to evaluate their applicability to Ship
field.

FIG 2.0: LRM

2.1 Theoretical and Conceptual Development

In the following section we briefly illustrate the concepts and ideas related to the E-Courier service systems used
today in the world.
2.1.1 courier
E-Courier Services system is a process of maintaining, allocating and managing the performance of the Shipping
services. It helps the user and customer to prepare and produce the suitable and wise reports by allocating Purpose.
(Miller, 2011)
2.1.2 E- courier
2.1.3 INFORMATION

2.1.2 SYSTEM
A system is a collection of elements or components that are organized for a common purpose. The word
sometimes describes the organization or plan itself (and is similar in meaning to method, as in "I have my own
little system") and sometimes describes the parts in the system (as in "computer system"). A computer system
consists of hardware components that have been carefully chosen so that they work well together and software
components or programs that run in the computer. (system, 2011).
2.1.3 MANAGEMENT
A management system is the way in which an organization manages the inter-related parts of its business in order
to achieve its objectives. These objectives can relate to a number of different topics, including product or service
quality, operational efficiency, environmental performance, health and safety in the workplace and many more.
The level of complexity of the system will depend on each organization’s specific context. For some organizations,
especially smaller ones, it may simply mean having strong leadership from the business owner, providing a clear
definition of what is expected from each individual employee and how they contribute to the organization’s overall
objectives, without the need for extensive documentation. More complex businesses operating, for example, in
highly regulated sectors, may need extensive documentation and controls in order to fulfil their legal obligations
and meet their organizational objectives. (iso, 2017).
2.1.4.PHP

PHP is a server-side, cross-platform, HTML-embedded scripting language. There are over half a million domains
running PHP and it is freely available for download. Much of PHP’s syntax is borrowed from C, Java and Perl
with a couple of unique PHP-specific features thrown in. The goal of the language is to allow web developers to
write dynamically generated pages quickly. PHP eliminates the need for numerous small cgi programs by allowing
you to place simple scripts directly in your HTML files.It also makes it easier to manage large web sites by placing
all components of a web page in a single html file. PHP is an excellent alternative to such similar programming
solutions as Microsoft's proprietary scripting engine ASP and Allaire's rather expensive ColdFusion. As mentioned
before, PHP is a cross-platform language (Azuan, 2008)
 Figure 2.1.6PHP Process Diagram
2,1,5 MYSQL
MySQLisarelationaldatabaseserverthatoffersthesamefeaturesfoundincompetingproprietary
products. In other words, you won’t encounter too many surprises if you’re familiar with another
database product. (W. Jason, 2011)The MySQL relational database server was born almost 15
yearsagooutofaninternalcompanyprojectbyemployeesoftheSweden-basedTcXDataConsults AB
(AB is an abbreviation for Aktiebolag, which is the Swedish term for corporation). Their project,
dubbed MySQL, was first released to the general public at the end of 1996. The software proved
so popular that in 2001 they founded a company based entirely around MySQL-specific service
and product offerings, calling it MySQL AB. Profitable since its inception, MySQL AB grew by
leaps and bounds, establishing offices in several countries, attracting substantial venture capital
funding, and announcing numerous high-profile partnerships with an array of corporate
heavyweights, including Red Hat, Veritas, Novell, and Rackspace. This growth culminated in the
company’s 2008 acquisition by Sun Microsystems, which was in turn purchased by Oracle
Corporation in early 2009 (Gilmore,2010)

2.2 Case study of the research

MIDNIMO TRUCKING LLC shipping, logistics, trucking companies, transportation companies, WEST VALLEY
home-to-house shipping, Utah shipping company, moving, WEST VALLEY shipping company, shipping and
other freight shipping household goods can be found in the information. This cargo information known to be
altered over time. The information you obtain from our website is the sole responsibility of the User.
The transport company, shipping company to WEST VALLEY has provided a total transport service of
approximately 335000 kilometers since 2019.
MISSION –
 The company’s mission is to deliver on time, every time, all cargoes carried on its managed
Fleet in the safest possible manner, protecting the marine environment, ensuring the safety of the
Company’s
 the company is devoted to the continual improvement aiming at excellence where long term goals of zero
spills and releases to the environment
VISION –
  The company’s vision is to become a Leader in providing Quality Ship Management Services to its clients
assisting them to meet and exceed their business objectives building and maintaining long term business
relationships.
 The company also aims to become the best-in-class benchmarking company in the shipping industry where
competitors will wish to compare their results against EST with the goal of improving their performance on
the fundamental principles of business ethics; customer focus; stakeholders’ satisfaction; safety,
environmental and quality standards; finances; vessels’ operational and technical excellence; employees’
competency and retention rates.

.
2.3 Compare Between exiting system IGA TIRTIR QAYBTAAN
The existing systems for the current papers are available at present, which are both in online or in
stand-alone applications. Even in availability of systems; those did not provide an integrated
system to give the all solution. The existing systems need intermediaries between the shipping
company and port and between customers and shipping company. The customer will approach an
intermediary to get approval from the shipping authority to ship his cargo. The customer will not
get the proper information about his registration of consignment and the status of his cargo. That
system were in need of more human resource to manage the stand alone
Applicationasitneedsmoreinputsandduetoitslackofefficiencytomanagesystemwith updating
itself. The standalone applications are providing limited accessibility to the end user while
considering the geographicalarea.
2.1 DHL.NET FOR WEBSITE

DHL is present in over 220 countries and territories across the globe, making it the most
internationalcompanyintheworld.Withaworkforceexceeding285,000employees,theyprovide
solutions for an almost infinite number of logistics needs.
DHL is part of the world's leading postal and logistics Group, Deutsche Post DHL and
encompasses three divisions: DHL Express, DHL Global Forwarding, Freight and DHL Supply
Chain.DHLemailShipisasimpleandeasy-to-useelectronictoolfromDHLExpress.Thereusable PDF
forms and step-by-step instructions make shipping quick andeasy.
Users can prepare and print waybills, shipment forms, customs documents and pickup forms and
send them via e-mail—saving your time and effort! DHLeMailShipcan be downloaded for free
and is ideal for companies that have multiple decentralized users and locations
Completing the shipment form and also DHL.NET are many features such as a customer register,
customer payment, view ship detail, find location ship and Manage customer.

Figure 2.1 DHL.net for Website

2.2 UPS FOR WEBSITE PAGE

Ups.comistheoneofexitingsystem-LaunchedinUSA.Foundedin1907asamessenger company in the United States,

UPS has grown into a multi-billion-dollar corporation by clearly focusing on the goal of enabling commerce
around the globe. Today, UPS is a global company with one of the most recognized and admired brands in the
world. We have become the world's largest package delivery company and a leading global provider of specialized
transportation and logistics services. Every day, we manage the flow of goods, funds, and information in more than
200 countries and territoriesworldwide.

Figure 2.2 ups for website page

Table 2.1Compare Exiting System.

Features DHL UPS PROPSED

SYSTEM
Register   
EXRESS   

LOGISTICS   
SUPPORT   
FREIGHT   
TRACKING   
SHIPPING   

2.4 Chapter Summary

ECMS is a web-based E-Courier Management System which supports the high accessibility

of courier services to the corporate and to the customer. The system is being used for day to day activities
such as booking a E-courier, maintain hub details, A significant part of the operation of any shipping
involved previously manually as declared in above paragraphs thus something must be changed such as
management and timely retrieval of great volumes of information This information typically involves;

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 CHAPTER THREE

SOFTWARE PLANNING AND ANALYZING

3.1 INTRODUCTION
In this chapter we will present user requirement analysis using DFD diagrams and we will defined how the
project problem has been solved and also we will describe preliminary investigation of the system, current
system, new proposed system, feasibility study of the system such as technical, economical, operational
and schedule of the feasibility and also we describe how data gathering in this project. Finally; we will
present the solution strategy used to solve the Problems and chapter summery.
3.2 OPERATIONAL FRAMEWORK
In this system the DFD will be used as analysis tool to describe the proposed system's analysis phase
activities and all related diagrams.
Describe the logical characteristics of each interface between the system product and the users. This
Project will be accessed through a PHPApplication Interface;the system would be fully compatible with
PHP

3.2 System Requirements

when need to be distinct from a software requirements specification (SRS)) is a structured collection of
information that embodies the requirements of a system.  Business analyst, sometimes titled system
analyst, is responsible for analyzing the business needs of their clients and stakeholders to help identify
business problems and propose solutions. Within the systems development life cycle domain, the BA
typically performs a liaison function between the business side of an enterprise and the information
technology department or external service providers

3.2.1 Software Requirement Specification

It is important to classify them into two ways. First an operating system that will be used to
install the pc and software will be used to develop the system. There are many operating system
that can be used, such as window 7, window10 professional, window 2011 which in software
suitable to develop in new system So that after analyses and observing the feasibility studies
with in Graduation Project System as follows

No Description Quantity Unit Price Amount

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 1 Window 2007 1 $100 $100
2 Window 2010 1 $130 $130
3 PHP 2010 1 $50 $50
4 SQL Server 2008 1 $90 $90
Total $370

3.2.2 User Requirements Definition

A systems request has technical feasibility if the organization has the resources to develop or
purchase, install, and operate the system. When evaluating technical feasibility, the person
considers the necessary hardware, software, network resources, technical expertise, enough
capacity for future needs, software and hardware environment that is reliable,

No Description Quantity Unit Price Amount

1 HP computer 4,CPU i5, HDD 1 $200 $200

500GB, RAM 4GB
2 All-In-One 1 $250 $250

Total $450

3.3 USER REQUIREMENT SPECIFICATION

Requirement Specifications
R1 The system shall provide Customer information
R2 The system shall be able to store customer information
R3 The system shall provide the report information yearly
R4 The system shall provide the Advancing information
R5 The system shall be able to store all Data that already defended in eachService
R6 The system shall be able to enter the student request project title
R7 The system have to login user and password
.

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3.4 REQUIREMENTS GATHERING TECHNIQUES
There are several techniques to make data gathering such as interviews, observations, questionnaire, and
surveys and so on. The research uses mostly the first two techniques which

3.4.1 Interview

Interviewing is a frequently used data collection method in evaluations of all kinds. In this context,
interviews are employed to serve as measure against specified goals. These goals included measuring
system performance, reliability, accuracy, speed and to get user feedback. The researchers conducted the
interviews on a one-on-one basis and sometimes in group settings. In the latter, the interviewers have
established and contacted primary focus groups of the system. These Interviews were part of a number of
other evaluation methods used by the researchers

Advantages of Interview

 Due to the nature that an interview is a face-to-face, it enabled us to establish a clear understanding
with the respondent.
 To get a reliable data,
Disadvantages of Interview
 Many respondents were unable to easily communicate to the interviewee about the technical
problems.
 The availability of the staff to the interview was very limited.
3.4.2 Observation
Observation is a data collection method used to gather detailed information about a situation or event.
Researchers used this method to describe the setting, activities, participants, and the meaning of the
observations from our perspective.
Our observation was based on facts which are both accurate and detailed, but left any irrelevant or trivial
information that makes the description difficult to understand. This data allows the reader to fully
understand the situation..
Advantages
 It enabled us to directly see what people do practically rather than relying on what they told us.
 It enabled us to collect data about an event or activity in real time.
 Decrease the relying on people’s willingness or ability to provide information.

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Disadvantages
Employees usually perform better when they know they are being observed.
Finally, in our new system ofE-courier Project Management System, we will develop it using among
numerous data gathering techniques, the major and outstanding analyses method known as interview,
because it can express easy ways of data receiving and collecting information.
3.5.1 Data Flow Diagram
Data Flow Diagrams is a common form of process modeling which represent a logical model that shows
what the system does, not how it does it. DFDs graphically show the movement and transformation of data
in the information system.
DFDs use four symbols: Process, data flow, data store and external entity.
In our system, we will use Yourdon DFD.
Process is a unit of work that operates on the data. The process may be automated or manual. The symbol
for a process is a circle.
Data flow is a named flow of data through a system of processes; data flow is shown as a directed arrow
line on the diagram.
Data store is a logical repository of data. It may be an automated file, a paper file, etc. a data store is
shown as an open-ended rectangle.
External Entity is a source or destination of data. The external agent occurs outside of the system of
processes. An external agent is depicted by an rectangle.
3.6.1 P ROCESS MODELING
DFD is graphical system model that shows all of the main requirements for any information system in one
diagram: input and outputs, process, External entity and data storage.
Every one working on a development project can see all aspects of the system working together at once
with the DFD. The DFD is also easy to read sense it has only four symbols:

3.6.2 Unified Modeling Language (UML)

Unified Modeling Language is a graphical visualization language. It consists of a series of symbols and
connectors that can be used to create process diagrams and is often used to model computer programs and
workflows.
15
 The UML standard defines nine types of diagram:

Add Employee

user

Add new

branch

Login

Add shipment

Figure1.3.1 DFD Symbols

Add shipment

3.6.2.1 Use Case Diagram (UCD)

New

branch
user

16 New Employee

login
Figure 2. 3. 2 Context Diagram

3.7 Data Modeling

3.7.1 Entity Relationship Diagram

A data flow diagram (DFD) illustrates how data is processed by a system in terms of inputs and
outputs. As its name indicates its focus is on the flow of information, where data comes from,
where it goes and how it gets stored.

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 There are essentially four different types of notations for data flow diagrams

A) ProcessNotations

B) Data storeNotations

C) DataflowNotations

D) External EntityNotations

The DFDs also consists of Context Diagrams and DFD Layers and Levels.
Context Diagrams: A context diagram is a top level (also known as "Level 0") data flow diagram
DFD Layers: Draw data flow diagrams can be made in several nested layers.
DFD Levels: The first level DFD shows the main processes within the system. Each of these
processes can be broken into further processes until you reach pseudo code.

EMPLOYEE

LOGIN
S
SIGNUP FORM

3.7.1.1 ERD SYMBOLS

The three main cardinal relationships are:

One-to-one (1:1) :For example, if each customer in a database is associated with one mailing
address.

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 One-to-many (1:M) : For example, a single customer might place an order for multiple
products. The customer is associated with multiple entities, but all those entities have a single
connection back to the samecustomer.

Many-to-many (M:N) : For example, at a company where all call centre agents work with
multiple customers, each agent is associated with multiple customers, and multiple customers
might also be associated with multiple agents.

3.7.1.2 TYPES OF RELATIONSHIP

Figure:1

3.7.1.3 ERD OF THE PROPOSED SYSTEM

Employee :

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 Fields Data Type Attribute

EmpID Number Primary key

Name Text

Email Text

Phone Number

Address Text

City Text

State Text

PIN Number

Username Text

Password Text

Figure:2

Sender :

20
Fields Data Type Attribute

OrderID Number Primary key

Name Text

21
 Phone Number

Address Text

City Text

State Text

PIN Number

Figure :3

Recipient :

Fields Data Type Attribute

OrderID Number Primary key

Name Text

Phone Number

Email Text

Address Text

City Text

State Text

PIN Number

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3.8 SUITABLE SOLUTION STRATEGIES OF THE PROPOSED SYSTEM

After we had discovered the current system’s problems, we decided to develop a new system,
which stands the needs of the Khayre. This solution is associated with implementing sufficient
reliable online system, and wiping out the current existing problems; therefore, we considered
the solutions and strategies proposed by experts to reach this-like goal and program high quality
system.

3.9 SYSTEM FEASIBILITY

A feasibility study aims to objectively and rationally uncover the strengths and weaknesses of an
existing business or proposed venture, opportunities and threats present in the environment,

the resources required to carry through, and ultimately the prospects for success . In its simplest
terms, the two criteria to judge feasibility are cost required and value to beattained.A well-
designed feasibility study should provide a historical background of the project, a description of
the product or service, accounting statements, details of operations and management, marketing
research and policies, financial data, legal requirements and tax obligations. Generally,
feasibility studies precede technical development and projectimplementation.
3.9.1 FEASIBILITY STUDY
A feasibility study is a process used for identifying if this problem is feasible to solve or not. A
feasibility study concentrates on whether the technical that is necessary to develop this system is
feasible or not, and also the feedback of society (staff) towards the developing system by the side
of the cost, moral, understanding (complex or flexible) and ethical ECMS is going to transform
from manual to computerized system. In order to change the manual to computerized system,
saving records of all the current system information, it needs some cost, new technologies and
also operators needs some training about how this system is working.
3.9.2 OPERATIONAL FEASIBILITY
The operational feasibility was based on the technical possibility of the system to do all of the
process and all tasks needed in order to fulfill the criteria. In this section, we focused on the
technical feasibility centers on the existing computer system (hardware, software, etc.) and to
what extent it can support the proposed system. If the budget of the proposed system is a serious
constraint, then the project is judged not feasible. The organization for which we are developing
the system has the necessary technology (i.e. in terms of hardware and software) to run the

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system and the proposed equipment has the technical capacity to hold the data required to use the
new system.
In hardware there are different pars needed in aE-courier Project office and list below is three
options suitable.

3.9.3 ECONOMIC FEASIBILITY

The cost of developing this project is merely the man-hours that are put into it, apart from this,
on the institutional front the costs that it will be bearing is to comply with the minimum system
requirements for the same. Since the institution that will employ this project already has the
requiredfacilities The procedure is to determine the benefits and savings that are expected from a
candidate system and compare it with the costs. If a benefit outweighs costs, then the decision is
made to design and implement the system. Otherwise further alterations are made in the
proposed system

1. Manpowercost
2. Hardware and software cost
3.9.4 SCHEDULE FEASIBILITY
Time evaluation is the most important consideration in the development of project. The time
schedule required for the developed of this prototype is very important since more development
time effect machine time, cost and cause delay in the development of other systems. Since this
prototype is intended for academic purpose especially undergraduate degree, it is developed for
six months or one semester.

Chapter Summary

ECMS is a web-based E-Courier Management System which supports the high accessibility

of courier services to the corporate and to the customer. The system is being used for day to day
activities such as booking a E-courier, maintain hub details, maintain company details, process
data of businesses and many other things.

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