Nabunturan National Comprehensive High School

National Highway, Poblacion, Nabunturan, Davao de Oro

Microscificlens: Dual-Purpose Corrective Lenses

Name of Proponents:

Princess Hyness P. Española

Kristine Jay A. Escrupolo

Fergal H. Dela Torre

Name of Research Adviser:

Lhoren I. Abenoja
 LIKHA – PROJECT PROPOSAL TEMPLATE
(1) PROJECT PROFILE
Project Title: Microscificlens: Dual-Purpose Corrective Lenses
Names of Project Proponent/s: Princess Hyness P. Española
Kristine Jay A. Escrupolo
Fergal H. Dela Torre

Region: Region XI Division: Davao de Oro

School: Nabunturan National Comprehensive High School Grade Level: Grade 9
Project Duration (number of months): 1 School Year
E-mail: _______________________________ Contact number: ________________________

(2) CATEGORY OF RESEARCH (4) THEME

__/__Physical Science _____Food Safety
_____Life Science _____Water Conservation
_____Robotics and Intelligent Machines _____Cyber Security
_____Mathematics and Computational Science _____Traffic/Road Congestion
___/_Health
_____Disaster Mitigation
(3) _____Agriculture and Environment
_____Individual _____Others (please specify)
__/__Teams _______________________

(5) EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

Myopia may not sound as awful as cancer and leukemia but it serves as an illness that

develops overtime, look around you, most of the kids nowadays are seen wearing blue light

glasses, staring deeply at their phones. There is no sure way to prevent the occurrence of

myopia, but it can be delayed, according to Dr. John Ang, who stated that sunlight is a good,

inexpensive factor to delay the development. Sunlight helps children's eyes maintain the proper

distance between the lens and the retina, so it can help delay the development of myopia UV

protection matters more than lens color, the color of your sunglasses lenses is not an indicator of

how much UV-blocking protection your sunglasses can provide, greenish colored lenses helps

to provide contrast by filtering out blue light, it helps reduce eye strain in brighter sunlight gray

is amazing for anti fatigue, blue or purple lenses provide color perception, red, yellow and
orange helps improve visibility , enhance detail and depth of field.

(6) INTRODUCTION

The attention span for myopia has disregarded over the years; completely lessing the

ignorance over this specific in born or partially developed disorder. The unquenchable thirst for

eyeglass scopes that are 10–50 times sharper and more efficient than conventional microscopes.

Microscopical lenses serves as both dual-purpose sight amplifier and a speed-up for the

advancement of research and medicine. The microscope's job is to resolve, or differentiate, tiny

details that are invisible to the human eye. With only one twist, you'll be able to magnify objects

without putting up any effort.

With the use of this equipment, we will be able to see things clearly with our eyes. By using

convex lenses or borosilicate glass, one can improve nearsightedness and filter out visions

because convex lenses have been demonstrated to enlarge sights or images. Glasses with convex

lenses improve refraction and hence shorten the focus length. With the aid of this technology,

science and medicine will be able to advance. This will also allow us to assist the nearsighted.

(6.1) RATIONALE/SIGNIFICANCE

Changing the environment with a lens: A servo controlled eye's focal state is locked to the average

value of accommodation, therefore changes in accommodation will cause a corresponding change in the

eye's focal status. The researchers can keep the eye in an "open" visual environment by using a convex

lens to significantly change the average value of accommodation. A positive lens will mimic how a far-

off object might affect the eye's accommodation mechanism. Myopia will not develop in the servo model

if this lens is consistently used for all close work (Oakley and Young, 2017).

(6.2) SCIENTIFIC BASIS/THEORETICAL FRAMEWORK/MATHEMATICAL

THEORY INVOLVED

An engineering approach to the issue of the eye's long-term focus brings up two main

types of focal control: genetic and servo. Stieger and Brown both described the original heredity

postulate. According to this idea, genetic information controls every optical element of focus.

According to this view, when the eye grows, it ignores the accommodation signal. When the

eye's focus status is seen from a cybernetic perspective, this method results in significant design

challenges. A servo controlled eye's focal state is locked to the average accommodation value,

therefore changes in accommodation or the accommodation signal will cause changes in the

eye's focal status. By significantly changing the average value of adaptation with a convex lens,

we can keep the eye in an "open" visual environment (Stieger and Brown 2020).

Scale of curation
enhanced by this glasses

The uses and Adjustment of

application multiple buttons

The level of
curation and
restoration

(6.3) OBJECTIVES
At the end of study, the researchers aims to:

 to determine the extent and predictors of unmet need for spectacles use.

 to calculate the effect on health-related quality of life (HRQOL) to further protect the

retina and keep its clarity and depth at bay.

 to lower the risk of teenagers further more becoming blind.

(7) REVIEW OF LITERATURE

Vision problems are a global health concern, especially for children and teenagers. China,

the most populous country on earth, may also have the worst rate of eyesight loss globally.

According to a conservative estimate, between the ages of 5 and 15 in China, more than 6

million children and teens suffer from vision impairments. Untreated refractive errors are a key

contributing factor. Vision impairment in children and adolescents. Uncorrected refractive

abnormalities affect between 1.3 and 22.3% of individuals worldwide, with Chinese teens

having the highest prevalence. Myopia is getting more and more common, especially in

developed countries, and is swiftly emerging as a global public health issue. Myopia, defined as

0.50 diopter or less, and high myopia (HM), (Spectacles utilization and its impact on health-

related quality of life among rural Chinese adolescents - PMC (nih.gov)) with prevalence rates

of 28.3% and 4.0%, respectively, are both common worldwide. It is anticipated that by 2050,

these myopia rates would increase to 49.8% and HM rates to 9.8%. (Using spectacles and its

effect on health-related quality of life among Chinese teenagers in rural areas - PMC (nih.gov))

"There is no sure way to prevent the development of myopia, but it can be delayed," Dr. John

said. “In Singapore, the government has taken this seriously and changed the school curriculum

for the children, sending the students outside for physical education so they can get more

exposure to sunlight." At the 22nd Asia Pacific Optometry Congress in Manila on Wednesday,
Ang, Vice President for Education and Professional Services of Essilor Asia Pacific, Middle

East, Russia, and Africa, said (Montemayor, 2019). No matter how concerned parents are about

their child's health, they usually neglect to take care of their child's eyes. According to Dr.

Lareen Dawn Tan, holistic child health care must consider every component of a child's body,

thus this shouldn't be the case. It is because of this that on Monday, March 2, 2020, The Davao

City Pediatric Optometrists, a freshly formed association of local optometrists concerned about

children's vision led by Dr. Eldeen Baluso, provided several corrected eyeglasses to students of

Kapitan Tomas Monteverde Sr. Central Elementary School has been selected by the group

(Alivio, 2020).

(8) METHODOLOGY

A. METHOD

Convex Lenses will be the most used and main source. This material will be used to

enhance the structure and magnify even the smallest objects in the naked eye, for this study

we’ll be using the optical lens manufacturing process.

The three procedures:

 Generating

 Grinding

 Polishing

Can be used to manufacture components having a constant radius of curvature (spheres,

cylinders, and flats). As an alternative, these parts can be created utilizing CNC procedures in

two steps: producing and polishing, which together perform the grinding function. The two-step
CNC process is utilized for parts like spheres and cylinders that have a variable radius of

curvature. The statements that follow presume that the lens is round, either spherical or

aspherical. In a similar manner, cylindrical lenses are constructed from glass bars.

Generating: This step uses solid abrasive tools to remove material from the blank. After

creation, the workpiece has the correct radius of curvature, but is slightly thicker and has a

larger diameter than specified for the finished lens.

Grinding: It is common to use successively finer liquid abrasive slurry solutions to gradually

make the glass surface somewhat smoother.

Polishing: Polishing uses liquid abrasive slurry to smooth out the “frosted” glass texture until

the surface is optically smooth and transparent. The polishing pad is typically made from a

material that looks like a very fine mesh sponge or a very coarse cloth.

Centering: The process of reducing the outer diameter of the lens to the correct size while

ensuring that the optical axis of the lens passes through the center of the diameter.

Coating: After centering, the lens receives any necessary coatings. Including options for

reflective, anti-reflective, and beam splitting properties, to enhance the surface properties for

corrosion and wear protection. It also has a better chance of keeping your lenses in good

condition for longer.

B. COLLECTION OF MATERIALS

Quality Frames: These will offer better protection and functionality from the elements.

These types of quality frames are easily found in eye optical centers all around.
Metal Eyeglass Frames

In general, frames made from metal, titanium or alloys (a mixture of metals) stand up well to

wear and tear.

 Titanium frames are very strong, lightweight and corrosion-resistant. They are

hypoallergenic – an important consideration for people who are allergic to certain

metals, such as nickel. "Titanium frames are sturdy and can be a good choice for older

children or for anyone who is rough on their frames," says Dr. Harrison. Titanium

frames come in a variety of colors.

 Monel is a mixture of metals. While these frames may have nickel or other metals that

can cause allergic reactions in some people with sensitive skin, Dr. Harrison says most

monel frames have a coating to protect the skin. Monel frames are quite flexible and

corrosion-resistant.

 Beryllium costs less than titanium, and is very lightweight and strong. It is also flexible,

making it easy for the optician to adjust them. Beryllium is extremely corrosion-

resistant, Dr. Harrison says. These frames can be a good choice for people who spend a

lot of time in or around salt water. Beryllium frames come in many colors.

 Stainless steel frames are lightweight and strong, but not as light as titanium. They can

be less expensive than other metal frames and are corrosion-resistant.

 Flexon, as the name suggests, is a very flexible material. Flexon is an alloy of titanium,

which comes back into shape even after it is twisted or bent. These frames are

lightweight, corrosion-resistant and hypoallergenic. “These frames are great for active

kids,” Dr. Harrison says.

 Aluminum is sometimes used in high-end frames. It is corrosion-resistant, flexible and

 strong.

Convex Lenses: convex lenses are used to magnify even the smallest objects in the human

naked eye, convex lenses are used in eyeglasses to treat farsightedness, a condition where the

retina and lens of the eye are too close together and the focal point is behind the retina. Convex

lenses on eyeglasses increase refraction and hence shorten the focal length.

Clear Lenses (easily replaced with any adjustable prescription).

The lens is located in the eye. By changing its shape, the lens changes the focal distance of the

eye. In other words, it focuses the light rays that pass through it (and onto the retina) in order to

create clear images of objects that are positioned at various distances. Progressive lenses are the

best option for the majority of people. They're the most recent and superior multifocal lens

technology, offering comprehensive near, middle, and far vision correction without the visible

line across the lens.

As our study is all about adjusting the glasses to the participants well-being we are to

research all about the many kinds of glasses from plain to premium grade.

 ED glass. Perhaps the most important glass type for hunters is ED (Extra low

Dispersion) glass. ED glass means low chromatic aberration, giving you a sharper image

and more accurate color rendering. ED glass comes standard in most premium

binoculars, riflescopes and spotting scopes.

 Single vision lenses have the same prescription power across the entire lens. Ideal for

correcting myopia (near-sightedness) and hyperopia (far-sightedness).

 Bifocals are made up of two lenses to correct both near and far-sighted vision. Bifocals
 have a visible dividing line between the two.

 Trifocals are made up of three lenses to correct not only near and far-distance vision but

additionally presbyopia, known as the inability to focus in the middle distance (caused

by loss of flexibility in the eye’s lens).

 Toric lenses are a type of single-vision lens used to correct astigmatism by adding

cylinder correction, an additional prescription power.

 Prism lenses correct heterophoria, a vision disorder characterized by the eyes not

looking in the same direction when at rest.

FINE INTERPUPILLARY ADJUSTER

allow for different distances between the eyes of different individuals. Objective Lenses are the

primary optical lenses on a microscope. Which will be transferred to the eyeglass lens.

LIGHT WEIGHT LOUPE

Loupes are a simple optical devices used for viewing details of objects with some

magnification. In contrast to a magnifying glass, a loupe is used in a close distance from the eye,

is typically smaller and has a shorter focal length.

ZOOM ADJUSTER

A small mechanical rolled on button placed on the side of the glasses to adjust the zoom of the
lenses.

(9) EXPECTED OUTPUTS AND POTENTIAL IMPACTS

The spectacles ability to help farsightedness and near-sightedness, by following the basic

instructions such as learning the basics of proper adjusting to fit the demands and specifications

for one’s eye problem. A participant's eyesight can be improved and restored with the use of

these spectacles. It also protects our eyes from sun’s UV rays that can trigger our eyes. This

product will be helpful not only to near-sighted and farsighted people but it is also beneficiary to

anyone who wishes to study any experiment involving small objects or organisms that are naked

to the human eye. The researchers are expecting that this product will help and benefit a lot of

people.

(10) WORK PLAN AND TARGET DELIVERABLES

Last week of August 1 Week * Started doing our research

(August 29- September 3, title

2022) * Changed our title.

1st to 3rd week of September 3 Weeks * We found our new title

(September 3-26, 2022) * We started making our

introduction

Last week of September/First 2 Weeks

* Revising of Introduction
week of October

(September 27- October 7,

2022)

2nd week of October 1 Week *Making of RRL

(October 7-1, 2022)

1st to 2nd week of November 1 Week and 3 days * Continuation of Research

(November 4-13, 2022) proposal (Methodology,

Expected outcomes/results,

References, Work plan)

* Submission of Research

Proposal

3rd to 4th week of November 2 Weeks * Start of sketching of the

(November 14-28) product

* Making the Power Point

presentation for research

proposal

Last week of November 1 Week * Preparation for Research

(November 29- December 6, Proposal

2022)

2nd to 3rd week of December 2 Weeks * Practice defense

(December 11-23, 2022)

Last week of December 1 Week * Revision of Research Plan

(December 24-29, 2022)

1st week of January 1 Week * Making of back up titles/

(January 1-7, 2023) research study

2nd to 3rd week of January * Save up money for the

2 Week
(January 8-21, 2023) materials

4th week of January 1 Week * Search for more sources

 regarding on the materials

(January 22-29, 2023)

1st week of February 1 Week * Interview and consultation

(February 4-11, 2023) of labs and clinics

2nd to 3rd week of February 2 Weeks * Collection of materials

(February 12-28, 2023)

1st week of March 1 Week * Assembling

(March 1-6, 2023)

2nd to 3rd week of March 2 Weeks * Evaluation of

(March 8-22, 2023) effectiveness

4th week of March to 1st 2 Weeks * Data Collection

week of April

(March 22- April 7, 2023)

2nd to 3rd week of April 2 Weeks * Ensuring the data

(April 8-21, 2023) * Knowledge discovery in

data

4th week of April to 1st week 2 Weeks

of May

(April 22-May 7, 2023) * Analytical Statistics

2nd to 3rd week of May 2 Weeks * Send to be critique

(May 8-21, 2023)

 Last week of May to 3rd week 4 Weeks * Final duration of project
defense
of June

(May 22- June 30, 2023)

1st week of July 1 Week * Final submission

(July 1-7, 2023)

(11) REFERENCES

Deng-Juan Qian, Hua Zhong, Jun Li, Hu Liu, and Chen-Wei Pan (2018).

Spectacles utilization and its impact on health-related quality of life among rural Chinese

adolescents. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6292848/

Greene and Brown (2016, October 26) Theory and Experiments. (+) Add Reading Glasses to

Prevent Myopia. https://www.heighpubs.org/hceo/ijceo-aid1002.php

Seang-Mei Saw, Matsumara, and Hoang (2019) Prevention and Management of Myopia and

Myopic Pathology.

Mayo Foundation for Medical Education and Research (MFMER) (2022, September 16)

Nearsightedness. https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/nearsightedness/symptoms-

causes/syc-20375556

Wisconsin (2022) Choosing the right lenses for your glasses.

https://www.wisconsinvision.com/Wisconsin/Lenses

 Cleveland Clinic (2020) Eyeglasses. https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/articles/8593-

eyeglasses

Montemayor (2019, June 20). Looking closer: Curbing the increasing rate of myopia.
https://www.pna.gov.ph/articles/1072788

Eyecare Deluxe (2022, January 02) Vision therapy: Parents’ observation after kids underwent
the procedure https://www.sunstar.com.ph/ampArticle/1916991