Construction safety

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 What is construction safety?

• Construction site safety is an aspect of construction-related activities

concerned with protecting construction site workers and others from
death, injury, disease or other health-related risks.
E’s of safety

• education, encouragement, engineering, enforcement, evaluation,

and equity.
Construction safety
What is a hazard?

Something that can cause an accident.

What is a risk?

The chance of an accident happening

Typical hazard and risk
• Construction sites are dangerous places – full of hazards and risks
• Typical construction site hazards and risks:
• resources -
• burns
• breathing problems
• equipment -
• eye injuries
• broken bones
Typical hazard and risk

• Obstructions – objects left in the way

• tripping and falling
• Storage – correct storage of materials
• spillages
• Fire
• Services –
• electric shock
• explosions
• dirty water
Typical hazard and risk
• Wastes – rubbish from construction work
• toxic substances
• vermin
• fire
• Work activities –
• dust, which can cause breathings problems
• debris, which can cause eye injuries
• falling from height
• objects falling from a height
 Typical hazard and risk

• Ergonomic hazards are physical factors in the environment that may

cause musculoskeletal injuries.
• Ergonomic risk factors are workplace situations that cause wear and
tear on the body and can cause injury. These include repetition,
awkward posture, forceful motion, stationary position, direct
pressure, vibration, extreme temperature, noise, and work stress.
Common causes of fatalities and injuries
• Accidents can cause:
• Injury - damage to your body, such as:
• cuts | bruises | broken bones | sprains

• Death - someone who has been injured so badly they die

• electric shock | falls | traffic and machinery accidents
 Construction site safety measures
1. Personal Protective Equipment (PPE)
2. Follow Environmental Guidelines
3. Keep the Work Area Clean
4. Ladder Safety
5. No Crowding inside the Site Perimeter
6. Lifting Precautions
7. Proper Site Training
8. Safety Programs and Culture
9. Risk Management System
 Workplace safety

• Workplace safety refers to the limitation of elements that can cause

harm, accidents, and other negative outcomes in the workplace. It
represents a culmination of policies, behaviors, and precautions that
work to limit hazards, accidents, and other kinds of harm in a work
environment.
 Why is safety important in the workplace?

• What is Workplace Safety? Workplace safety refers to the limitation of elements

that can cause harm, accidents, and other negative outcomes in the
workplace. It represents a culmination of policies, behaviors, and precautions
that work to limit hazards, accidents, and other kinds of harm in a work
environment.
 What are safety requirements?

• The safety requirements are those requirements that are defined for the
purpose of risk reduction. Like any other requirements, they may at first be
specified at a high level, for example, simply as the need for the reduction of a
given risk.
4 p’s of safety

• Positive, Proactive, Preventative, and Predictive.

 What is osha?

• occupational Safety and Health Act

• the Occupational Safety and Health Act of 1970 (OSH Act) was passed to prevent
workers from being killed or otherwise harmed at work. The law requires
employers to provide their employees with working conditions that are free of
known dangers.
 occupational Safety and Health Act

• online training teaches basic safety and health information to entry-level

workers in construction and general industry.
3 e’s of osha

• Evaluation, Education, and Enforcement

 Safety officer

• are responsible for planning, implementing and overseeing

company's employee safety at work.
Construction safety definitions
• Sheathing - shall mean the vertical member of shoring and timbering
which directly resists pressure from side of an excavation.
• Wale - shall mean the longitudinal member of shoring and timbering
which directly resists pressure from sheating.
• Strut - shall mean the transverse member of shoring and timbering which
directly resists pressure from sheating or wales.
• Scaffold - shall mean a temporary structure of timber or metal work with a
platform used in the construction, alteration or demolition of a building,
or other maintenance work used to support workers or to allow the
hoisting and lowering of workers, their tools and materials.
Construction safety definitions
• Standard or upright - shall mean the vertical member of scaffold
transmitting the load to the ground or to a base plate.
• Ledger or Stringer - shall mean a scaffold bracing, which extends
horizontally from standard to standard forming right angles with the
putlogs and forms a tie between the standards.
• Putlogs ” or “Bearer - shall mean a scaffold member spanning
between a ledger and a building wall or between two ledgers upon
which the platform rests.
Construction safety definitions
• Brace - shall mean a scaffold member that holds standards or
uprights in a fixed position to prevent any lateral movement.
• Single Scaffold - shall mean a platform supported by a single row of
uprights or standards tied along the wall, connected horizontally by a
ledger and supporting putlogs which rests on ledger on one side and
in holes left in walls on the other.
• Double Scaffold - shall mean a platform supported on two rows of
uprights or standards parallel to the wall of a building connected by
horizontal ledgers and is independent from the building wall.
Construction safety definitions
• Suspended Scaffold - shall mean a scaffold suspended by means of ropes
or chains capable of being lowered or raised by winch, pulley, block or
such other means.
• Trestle Scaffold - shall mean scaffolds in which the supports for the
platform are step ladders, tripods or similar movable contrivances.
• Hoist - shall mean a lifting machine with a carriage, platform or cage
which moves on guides.
• Lifting Appliance - shall mean a crab, winch, pulley block or gin wheel used
for raising or lowering a hoist crane, sheer legs excavators, draglines, pile
driver, or pile excavators.
• Lifting Gear - shall mean a chain sling, rope sling, ring, link, hook, shackle,
swivel or eyebolt.
 What is ppe?

Personal protective equipment (PPE) - is equipment worn to minimize

exposure to hazards that cause serious workplace injuries and
illnesses. These injuries and illnesses may result from contact with
chemical, radiological, physical, electrical, mechanical, or other
workplace hazards. Personal protective equipment may include items
such as gloves, safety glasses and shoes, earplugs or muffs, hard hats,
respirators, or coveralls, vests and full body suits.