📌Construction Manpower Safety

GROUP 6:
DINALYN FLORES 👩
JOMARI GALIAS 👨
JONEL GINO 👨
 🔑What is Safety?

Safety is the state of being "safe"

(from French sauf), the condition of being protected
from harm or other non-desirable outcomes. Safety can
also refer to the control of recognized hazards in order
to achieve an acceptable level of risk.
 🔑What is Manpower Safety?

• Is committed to providing a safe and healthy working

environment for its temporary and permanent
employees. We are committed to preventing
occupational illness and injury in the workplace.
• Concern for our employees' health and well-being is
a top priority at all levels.
👉 Basic Rules for Safety
a. Tidy up construction site
b. Keep passages clear all the time.
c. Sort out materials and pile them up
safely. The stacks should not be too
high.
d. Beware of floor openings and ensure
that they are fenced or covered.
e. Remove refuse as soon as possible.
👉 Safety Measure
a. Before you operate a machine, ensure that the dangerous
part of the machine has been installed with a guard.
b. Avoid going to any area with insufficient lighting as there may
be some dangerous places which have not been provided
with fencing.
c. Keep vigilant all the time and watch out for moving cranes,
hooks or other lifting equipment.
d. Before you use any electrical installation or tool, check the
condition of its electric cables.
e. Avoid dragging electric cables on the ground or allowing the
cables to come into contact with water.
f. Use electrical tools installed with an earth leakage circuit
breaker.
g. Use and handle chemicals with care.
👉 Personal Safety
a. Wear protective equipment.
b. Do not drink or take drugs while
working.
c. Pay attention to personal hygiene.
d. Do not play in the workplace.
e. Report to your supervisor
immediately if you notice any
unsafe condition.
👉 Personal Protective Equipment (PPE)
Personal protective equipment (PPE)
refers to protective clothing, helmets,
goggles, or other garments
or equipment designed to protect the
wearer's body from injury or infection. The
hazards addressed by
protective equipment include physical,
electrical, heat, chemicals, biohazards, and
airborne particulate matter
👉 PERSONAL PROTECTIVE
EQUIPMENT
• Equipment that creates a barrier
against workplace hazards
• A temporary measure
• The employer is responsible for
requiring wear of appropriate personal
protective equipment in all operations
where there is exposure to hazardous
condition
🔨Personal protective equipment
and clothing can include:
• Overalls and protective aprons.
• Protective headgear
- safety helmets, wide brimmed
hats to protect against the sun.
• Safety boots or shoes.
• Safety glasses or goggles.
• Gloves.
• Respirators and masks.
• Earmuffs and earpieces.
 Types of the PPE
1. Head protection - Employees working in areas where there is a possible
danger of head injury from impact, or from falling or flying objects, or
from electrical shock and burns, shall be protected by helmets.

2. Eye and Face Protection - Employees shall be provided with eye and face
protection equipment when machines or operations present potential eye
or face injury from physical, chemical, or radiation agents.
• Safety glasses are used to protect the eyes from flying objects (no face
protection)
• Chemical splash goggles protect against fluids by sealing tightly against the
face
• Face shields provide highest level of protection
3. Hearing Protection - All hearing protection devices should
have a Noise Reduction Rating (NRR) equal to the number of
decibels they will reduce noise levels.

Types of Hearing Protection

• Ear Plugs - less expensive, disposable, good ones have fairly
high NRRs - sometimes difficult to tell if employees are
wearing them
• Ear Muffs - more expensive, more durable, typically higher
NRRs than plugs, more obvious
4. Respiratory Protection - Protects users by removing
harmful materials that may enter the body via the lungs.

Types of Respirators
• Air Purifying Respirators (APR)
• Half-face
• Full Face
• Powered Air Purifying Respirators (PAPR)
• Self Contained Breathing Apparatus (SCBA)
5. Arm and Hand Protection – Gloves is the most common
hand protection in a construction works.

Typical uses of Gloves

• Chemical protection
• Biohazard protection
• Abrasion protection
• Friction protection
• Protection from extremes of heat and cold
6. Foot and leg protection – Steel toed shoes and Rubber boots
are the examples of common protective footwear.

• Steel-toed footwear, preferably with metatarsal guards, is used

to protect feet from crushing injuries caused by heavy objects
• Rubber boots are often used to protect feet from exposure to
liquids
• Chaps or leggings are used in certain applications (i.e., using a
chainsaw)
7. Protective Clothing
• Used to protect street clothes from hazards in the
workplace
• Often hazard specific
• To be considered effective, protective clothing must
prevent the contaminant from reaching the clothing
or skin of the wearer.
SAMPLE:
📖 Safety and Health Conditions in
Construction Worksites
🔨 Identification of activities
that may cause risks
• Scaffolding
• Concreting
• Excavation
• Welding
• Loading and
Unloading
• Formwork
1. Safety And Health Management
Poor Compliances on:
• Organization of Safety Health Committee
• Recording & Reporting of
Accidents/Illnesses
• Employment of Safety and Health
Personnel
• Provision of Adequate First-Aid Medicines
2. Housekeeping
• Obstructed passageways
• Accumulated waste
• Floor and wall opening

3. Scaffoldings
No Provision for:
• Guardrails/ Midrails
• Toe board
• Access ladder
• Cross bracing/Anchorage
4. Ladder/Stairs
• Made of defective materials
• Unsafe position
• No handhold

5. Lifting Devices
• Safe working load is not indicated
6. Formworks
• No helmet and safety shoes
• Improper handling of tools

7. Excavation
• No barrier around excavation
• Equipment/vehicle park near the edge of
excavation
• No shoring or timbering
• No access ladder
8. Steelworks
• No scaffolds
• No safety belt and life lines

9. Welding and Flame Cutting

• Smoking while working
• No fire extinguisher
• No goggles, gloves
10. Woodworking Machine
• Improvised machine
• No mechanical guards
• No push sticks
11. Temporary Electrical Facilities
• Undersized service entrance
• Improper spacing of wires
• Wires installed in the scaffolds
• Live wires on wet floor
• Untaped splices
• Open safety switches
• Burned out fuses replaced by copper wires
• Improper grounding
12. Personal Protective Equipment
(PPE)
• Poor compliance from workers
• Feel uneasy
• Obstruction to job
• Cannot afford to buy
• Baldness
• Not aware of hazards
• No orientation on the use of PPE
🔨 Types of risks
• Cut
• Burn
• Injury
• Fatality
• Causality
• Explosion
📖 Managing Safety and
Health on Construction Sites
💣 Safety policy
Every employer of 50 or employees
shall make a written statement of his
policy with respect to the safety and
health of his employees and make
arrangements to give effect to the policy.
💣 Risk assessment
The employer should make a suitable and
sufficient assessment of:
• (a) Any risk to the safety and health to
which any employee is exposed whilst he
is at work.
• (b) Any risk to the safety and health of any
person not in his employment arising out
of or connection with the conduct by him
of his undertaking.
💣 Organizing The Site
Planning the work
Make a good planning by gathering as much information about the project and the
project site before works begin to ensure safety during construction phase.
Information that could be sought should be:
(a) Underground services.
(b) Presence of live bare electrical conductors,
underground/overhead insulated cables.
Advice from the authority concerned should be sought prior to start of work.
(c) Ground conditions.
(d) Contract documents.
(e) Nearby schools, footpaths and roads.
(f) Other activities going on the site.
💣 Common facilities to be provided

Ensure provision of basic facilities to

ensure safety, health and welfare of
employees
💣 Site access
Adequate, safe and separate
pedestrian and vehicular traffic routes
should
💣 Site boundaries

Fence the construction site to prevent

the entry of unauthorised persons on
construction sites, which are located in
built-up areas and alongside vehicular and
pedestrian traffic routes.
 🎈 Hazard in the Workplace
Hazards & Solutions
For construction, the 10 OSHA standards most frequently included in the agency's citations in FY 2004 were:

1. Scaffolding 6. Excavations (requirements for protective

2. Fall protection (scope, systems)
application, definitions) 7. Hazard communication
8. Fall protection (training requirements)
3. Excavations (general 9. Construction (general safety and health
requirements) provisions)
4. Ladders 10. Electrical (wiring methods, design and
5. Head protection protection)
FACTS AND FIGURES FROM OSH in
the CONSTRUCTION INDUSTRY
❑ 17% of the surveyed companies have experienced death in
their present workplace.
❑ 71% of the workplace do not have first aid station.
❑ 72% of the workplace do not have trained first aide personnel
❑ 6 out of 10 claimed that Personal Protected Equipment
(PPE’s) were not issued to them.
❑ 17% of the surveyed companies accounted disability
❑ 21% of the surveyed companies reported major injuries.
❑ 42% have minor injuries occurring in the surveyed jobsites.
❑ 2 out of 10 used lifelines
❑ 10% use their safety belts
 👆 Scaffolding
Hazard:
When scaffolds are not erected or used properly, fall hazards
can occur. About 2.3 million construction workers frequently
work on scaffolds. Protecting these workers from
scaffold-related accidents would prevent an estimated 4,500
injuries and 50 fatalities each year.
Solutions:
✔ Scaffold must be sound, rigid and sufficient to carry its own
weight plus four times the maximum intended load without
settling or displacement. It must be erected on solid footing.
 👆 Fall Protection
Hazard:
Each year, falls consistently account for the greatest number of
fatalities in the construction industry. A number of factors are often
involved in falls, including unstable working surfaces, misuse or
failure to use fall protection equipment and human error. Studies
have shown that using guardrails, fall arrest systems, safety nets,
covers and restraint systems can prevent many deaths and injuries
from falls.
Solutions:
✔ Consider using aerial lifts or elevated platforms to provide safer
elevated working surfaces.
 👆 Ladders
Hazard:
Ladders and stairways are another source of injuries and
fatalities among construction workers. OSHA estimates
that there are 24,882 injuries and as many as 36 fatalities
per year due to falls on stairways and ladders used in
construction. Nearly half of these injuries were serious
enough to require time off the job.
Solutions:
✔ Use the correct ladder for the task.
📖 6 Types of Workplace Hazards
 Hazards exist in every workplace, but
how do you know which ones have the
most potential to harm workers? By
identifying hazards at your workplace,
you will be better prepared to control or
eliminate them and prevent accidents,
injuries, property damage and downtime.
1. Safety Hazards:

🏃 Safety Hazards are unsafe working

conditions that that can cause injury,
illness and death. Safety hazards are the
most common workplace hazards
2. Biological Hazards:
🏃 Biological Hazards include exposure
to harm or disease associated with working
with animals, people, or infectious plant
materials. Workplaces with these kinds of
hazards include, but are not limited to, work
in schools, day care facilities, colleges and
universities, hospitals, laboratories,
emergency response, nursing homes, or
various outdoor
3. Physical Hazards:
🏃 Physical hazards can be any
factors within the environment that can
harm the body without necessarily
touching it.
4. Ergonomic Hazards:
🏃 Occur when the type of work, body
positions and working conditions put a strain
on your body. They are the hardest to spot
since you don’t always immediately notice
the strain on your body or the harm that
these hazards pose. Short-term exposure
may result in “sore muscles” the next day or
in the days following the exposure, but long
term exposure can result in serious long-term
illness.
5. Chemical Hazards:
🏃 Are present when a worker is
exposed to any chemical preparation in
the workplace in any form (solid, liquid or
gas). Some are safer than others, but to
some workers who are more sensitive to
chemicals, even common solutions can
cause illness, skin irritation, or breathing
problems.
6. Work Organization Hazards:
🏃 Hazards or stressors that cause
stress (short term effects) and strain (long
term effects). These are hazards
associated with workplace issues such as
workload, lack of control and/or respect,
etc.
THANK YOU ☺