Graphology

 This particular sentence is written in Roman alphabet, and in a 10-point

emboldened ‘palatino’ font.
Phonetics
 The Phoneme /n/ expresses a meaningful difference in sound.
o The word-initial /n/ sound at the start of ‘knocking’ will serve to distinguish
it from words like ‘rocking’ or ‘mocking’
 The <kn> sequence – originally spelt <cn> - has become a single /n/ pronunciation
o Along with equivalent occurrences in other Anglo-Saxon derived lexis in
modern English like ‘know’ and ‘knee’
 There is potential for significant variation in much of the phonetic detail of the
spoken version of example.
o Many speakers of English will not sound in connected speech the ‘t’s of both
‘That’ and ‘potplants’, but will instead use ‘glottal stops’ in these positions
o This is largely a consequence of the phonetic environment in which ‘t’
occurs: in both cases it is followed by a /p/ consonant and this has the effect
of inducing a change, known as a ‘secondary articulation’, in the way the ‘t’
is sounded (Ball and Rahilly 1999: 130).
 A major regional difference in accent will be head in the realization of the historic
<r>
o Whereas this /r/is still present in in Irish and in most English accents
 The articulation if the ‘ing’ sequence at the end of the word ‘knocking’ may also
vary, with an ‘in’ sound indicating a perhaps lower status accent or an informal style
of delivery.

Morphology
 The sentence also contains words that are made up from smaller grammatical
constituents known as morphemes
 ‘potplants’ has three constituents: two root morphemes (‘pot’ and ‘plant’) and a
suffix (the plural morpheme ‘s’), making a word a three morpheme cluster.