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  • Biomass (FIX)

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    Apri Wiyono
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    The document discusses different methods for carbonization and activation of materials including: 1) Pyrolysis and hydrothermal carbonization (HTC) are common carbonization methods using heat between 120-1000°C. 2) Physical activation uses air, steam or CO2 at temperatures from 500-1200°C, while chemical activation often uses KOH or ZnCl2 between 450-900°C. 3) Different activating agents and temperatures result in variations in surface area and graphitization of the activated carbon.

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    Biomass

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    Biomass [FIX]

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    The document discusses different methods for carbonization and activation of materials including: 1) Pyrolysis and hydrothermal carbonization (HTC) are common carbonization methods using heat between 120-1000°C. 2) Physical activation uses air, steam or CO2 at temperatures from 500-1200°C, while chemical activation often uses KOH or ZnCl2 between 450-900°C. 3) Different activating agents and temperatures result in variations in surface area and graphitization of the activated carbon.

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    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
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    20 views1 page

    Biomass (FIX)

    Uploaded by

    Apri Wiyono
    The document discusses different methods for carbonization and activation of materials including: 1) Pyrolysis and hydrothermal carbonization (HTC) are common carbonization methods using heat between 120-1000°C. 2) Physical activation uses air, steam or CO2 at temperatures from 500-1200°C, while chemical activation often uses KOH or ZnCl2 between 450-900°C. 3) Different activating agents and temperatures result in variations in surface area and graphitization of the activated carbon.

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    of 1

    CARBONIZATION

    Pyrolysis HTC
    500-1000OC 120-250OC
    One step or combined with activation Partially carbonization with oxygen-containing groups;
    usually combined with pyrolysis/activation

    ACTIVATION
    Physical activation Chemical activation
    (two steps) (450-900oC, one or two steps)
    Air Relatively low temperature, < 500oC KOH, NaOH Most often used chemical-activation agent; High SSA; Lower the degree
    of graphitization
    Steam The most benign activating agent; 800-1200oC ZaCl2, FeCl3 Usually one step applied; Acting as dehydrating agent
    CO2 The most commonly used physical activation process; 800-1000oC; Relatively H3PO4 Relatively low SSA compared with other chemical activation; P-doped,
    higher degree of graphitization compared with chemical activation contributing to pseudo-capacitance and widening the voltage window

    Other activation
    Microwaved-induced activation Physiochemical activation

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