Republic of the Philippines

UNIVERSITY OF EASTERN PHILIPPINES

University Town, Northern Samar
Web: http://uep.edu.ph; Email: uepnsofficial@gmail.com

COLLEGE OF EDUCATION
1st Semester SY: 2022-2023

CASTILLO, CRISTAL JOY B. Professor: Mrs. Glenda T. De Guia

GUMATAY, JOYCE MALESSA T. Topic: VALUES BASED HOLISTIC APPROACH

BSED-VALUES EDUCATION 3

VALUES BASED HOLISTIC APPROACH

Values are known as one of the very important component of a trait of every individual.
People become more human with their values. It defines their personhood and reflects the
personality of an individual. Work values are work related values. However, when people talk
about work, what comes to their minds are the job or tasks that people do to earn money, like
working as an engineer, secretary, doctor, etc. Hence, work can be anything that a person does in
every single second of his life. It involves not just those things that he does to earn for a living, but
basically the entire activities he does to live.

Moreover, D. Brown formulated a model of career development based on the importance

of values in career decision making. He theorized that values are shaped by genetics and
environment--as a result of genetic and environmental influences, specific values become more
important than others. As values become crystallized and prioritized, people use them to guide
and explain their behavior. The values-based approach is also predicated on the idea that career
counseling should in most cases be life-role counseling because of the interaction among life
roles and the unlikely outcome that an occupation can satisfy all of an individual’s values.

The model assumes three types of values;

1. Cultural Values
  Cultural values can be subdivided into five categories of social relations, time,
relationship to nature, activity, and self-control

2. Work Values

 Work values are those values that clients expect to fulfill as a result of choosing
and entering an occupation

3. Life values.

 Life values are those values that clients expect to have satisfied as a result of the
choices they make in their major life roles, such as work, leisure, citizen, and
relationships to significant others.

Understanding these three types of values provides career counselors with the
information needed for lifestyle planning. Based on this theory, values direct our behavior in
specific directions and toward particular goals. Brown explained that work values have been
identified as critical variables in the career development process (Brown, 2012). He further
explained that values are beliefs that are experienced by the individual as standards that guide how
he or she should function; they are (1) cognitive structures, but they also have (2) behavioral and
(3) affective dimensions. This theory adopted the idea of Rokeach that values develop so that
individuals meet their needs in socially acceptable ways which accordingly shaped by the cultural
context of the individual. Furthermore, the values-based model of career choice is built on seven
propositions comprised by Brown and Crace (1996);

1. Work values that are high in priority are the most important determinants of choice from
among alternatives.
2. An individual’s value system is learned from the society they grow up in, and thus this
society is of great influence when career decisions are made.
3. Culture, sex and socioeconomic status affect the opportunities an individual is offered.
4. Choices that are in line with an individual’s values is essential to career satisfaction.
5. Life Satisfaction is the result of role interaction.
6. An individual’s level of functioning correlates with their values; high- functioning
individuals have crystallized and prioritized values.
 7. Success in any role depends on the abilities required to perform the role’s functions.

In conclusion, career decision making and planning are amongst some of the most
challenging choices many of us will make in our lives. Knowing your values and having a plan
for success can best inform goals and drive execution. Decide what you value most and examine
how the resources around you can aid in your pursuit of success. Your values should always be
considered when looking for new opportunities. Take an inventory of the opportunity and
prioritize what matters most to you.

References:

Brown, D., Crace, R. K., & Almeida, L. (2006). A culturally sensitive, values-based
approach to career counseling. In A. J. Palmo, W. J. Weikel, & D. P. Borsos (Eds.), Foundations
of mental health counseling (pp. 144-171). Springfield, IL: Charles C Thomas.

Crace, R. K., & Brown, D. (2002). Life Values Inventory. Williamsburg, VA: Applied
Psychology Resources. Available from http://www.appliedpsychologyresources.com/