Annals of R.S.C.B., ISSN:1583-6258, Vol. 25, Issue 4, 2021, Pages.

14530 - 14533
Received 05 March 2021; Accepted 01 April 2021.

Design of Ventilator Using Arduino for Covid Pandemic

Balamurugan C.R., Kasthuri A., Malathi E., Dharanidharan S.,

Hariharan D., Kishore B.V., Venkadesh T.

Department of EEE, Karpagam College of Engineering, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu.

Abstract—Human lungs use lungs for respiration.They use push mechanism in each
breath.Inhalation and exhalation process takes place.The ventilator here we design is to help people
during Covid situation.It is very cheap and affordable.When people suffer from lungs or breathing
problem this can be used for emergency situation.Motor mechanism is used to push the air bag.When
oxygen level counts are low this mechanism can be performed.Small screen is used to display the
oxygen levels. The entire system is driven by an arduino microcontroller.And a buzzer is fitted to
detect any low levels of oxygen count.

Keywords: DIY ventilator, emergency,air bag, breathing problem,BPM,respiration.

1. Introduction
Coronavirus, a dangerous disease caused by a virus which got spread two years back, made our lives
up and down. Many people died because of this virus due to lack of medicinal facilities. It infects our
respiratory system also. It is very difficult to breathe. Incase if a patient suffers from respiratory
failure mechanical ventilators are needed.

Ventilator is a medical device used for the breathing process. Ventilators are needed to treat influenza
and coronavirus and people in intensive care units (ICU). Before Covid times only people in intensive
care units used ventilators but after a heavy spread of corona demand for ventilators increased.
Ventilator helps in pumping air into the lungs. People with coronavirus need a ventilator because they
feel difficulty in breathing or they do not have sufficient oxygen levels. Whereas due to the heavy
spread of corona there is a shortage of ventilators. There is a lack of ventilators for many medical
units.This is not necessary. Some countries developed ventilators which are dangerous for human
lives which are small in volume.

Yet this reliable and affordable DIY ventilator during Covid pandemic times. After designing this
model these models are distributed and on the web so that others can also use it and design their own
ventilator, even at the small scale.

2. Working

This project is an affordable and DIY ventilator to help in Covid pandemic. We here use a ventilator
bag driven by Direct Current motors with a 2 side push mechanism to push the air bag.Toggle for
switching and variable pot to check the breath length and BPM levels of the patient.And a buzzer is
fitted for emergency situation.

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Annals of R.S.C.B., ISSN:1583-6258, Vol. 25, Issue 4, 2021, Pages. 14530 - 14533
Received 05 March 2021; Accepted 01 April 2021.

Fig.1 Block Diagram of Proposed work

3. System Analysis

A. System Overview

The projected system consists of observing the respiratory of the patient. The observance setup
consists of a ventilator, bpm, switches and toggles. This project was to develop a low cost ventilator
victimization one or two attainable and simply acquired parts in a very prompt method. The
hardware strategies enclosed the producing trial of a paradigm ventilator.

B. System Design

The block diagram of a ventilator using arduino with blood oxygen sensing is shown in the above
Fig. Rapid prototyping technologies were used to create a medical ventilator. The unnatural physical
respire element is joined to the wall oxygen source employing a flow meter as an air reservoir.

C. Software Application

On running the arduino take a look at code, the motor executes cycles of dextrorotatory or
anticlockwise rotations so you'll ensure that the mechanism is running swimmingly.

Fig.2 Hardware setup

For testing the instrument panel and therefore the device as an entire, transfer the ultimate code into
the arduino. Currently you'll interface with the ventilator via instrument panel. By default, all the

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Annals of R.S.C.B., ISSN:1583-6258, Vol. 25, Issue 4, 2021, Pages. 14530 - 14533
Received 05 March 2021; Accepted 01 April 2021.

ventilation parameters square measure displayed on the screen. The hardware style of the ventilator
victimization Arduino with blood chemical element sensing within the above Fig. The loads are
connected to the present hardware setup to gauge its performance. We have started the Arduino
programming code for activity and displaying the SPO2 and M.M. rate. We have completed the
operating model of the medical Respirator setup.

4. Conclusions

This work is a clear technique potential for emergency and Covid pandemic. It is an open source
ventilator design fabricated using distributed manufacturing. This paper is a detailed explanation of
producing low cost, open source mechanical ventilators for patients. This is at the early stages of
design and needed further developments. Sure this work will gain greater attention. There is a lot of
future work to be upgraded to make it medical grade hardware. It is a big source for both the current
pandemic situation and emergency purposes and even for everyday use in low resource settings.

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Received 05 March 2021; Accepted 01 April 2021.

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