Pompa P-01

Masuk (Kg)/jam Keluar (Kg)/jam Temperature :

Komponen
Aliran - 01 Aliran - 02 Pressure :
O-Xylene 1524.28 1524.28
Oxygen 0.00 0.00
Water 0.00 0.00
Phthalic Anhydride 0.00 0.00
Phthalide 0.00 0.00
Toluic Acid 0.00 0.00
Sub Total 1524.28 1524.28
Total 1524.28 1524.28

vaporizer VP-01
Masuk (Kg)/jam Keluar (Kg)/jam Temperature :
Komponen
Aliran - 02 Aliran - 03 Pressure :
O-Xylene 1524.28 1524.28
Oxygen 0.00 0.00
Water 0.00 0.00
Phthalic Anhydride 0.00 0.00
Phthalide 0.00 0.00
Toluic Acid 0.00 0.00
Sub Total 1524.28 1524.28
Total 1524.28 1524.28

kompresor CP-01
Masuk (Kg)/jam Keluar (Kg)/jam Temperature :
Komponen
Aliran - 03 Aliran - 04 Pressure :
O-Xylene 1524.28 1524.28
Oxygen 0.00 0.00
Water 0.00 0.00
Phthalic Anhydride 0.00 0.00
Phthalide 0.00 0.00
Toluic Acid 0.00 0.00
Sub Total 1524.28 1524.28
Total 1524.28 1524.28

Furnace F-01
Masuk (Kg)/jam Keluar (Kg)/jam
Komponen
Aliran - 04 Aliran - 05 Aliran - 06
O-Xylene 1524.28 1524.28
 Oxygen 0.00 1380.48 1380.48
Water 0.00 0.00
Phthalic Anhydride 0.00 0.00
Phthalide 0.00 0.00
Toluic Acid 0.00 0.00
Sub Total 1524.28 1380.48 2904.76
Total 2904.76 2904.76

Kompressor CP-02 (aliran oxygen)

Masuk (Kg)/jam Keluar (Kg)/jam Temperature :
Komponen
Aliran - 06 Aliran - 07 Pressure :
Oxygen 1380.48 1380.48
Water 0.00 0.00
Phthalic Anhydride 0.00 0.00
Phthalide 0.00 0.00
Toluic Acid 0.00 0.00
Sub Total 1380.48 1380.48
Total 1380.48 1380.48

kompresor CP-03 (aliran Oxylene)

Masuk (Kg)/jam Keluar (Kg)/jam Temperature :
Komponen
Aliran - 07 Aliran - 08 Pressure :
O-Xylene 1524.28 1524.28
Water 0.00 0.00
Phthalic Anhydride 0.00 0.00
Phthalide 0.00 0.00
Toluic Acid 0.00 0.00
Sub Total 1524.28 1524.28
Total 1524.28 1524.28

REAKTOR
Masuk Keluar
Komponen Aliran - 08 Aliran - 09
Kg/jam Kmol/jam Kg/jam
O-Xylene 1524.28 14.38 304.86
Oxygen 1380.48 43.14 299.10
Water 0.00 0.00 605.69
Phthalic Anhydride 0.00 0.00 1617.46
Phthalide 0.00 0.00 38.54
 Toluic Acid 0.00 0.00 39.11
Sub Total 2904.76 57.52 2904.76
Total 2904.76 57.52 2904.76

reaksi 1 C8H10 + 3O2 →C8H4O3 + 3H2O

reaksi 2 C8H10 + 2O2 →C8H6O2 + 2H2O
reaksi 3 C8H10 + 1.5O2 →C8H8O2 + H2O

Expander EXP-01
Masuk (Kg)/jam Keluar (Kg)/jam Temperature :
Komponen
Aliran - 09 Aliran - 10 Pressure :
O-Xylene 304.86 304.86
Oxygen 299.10 299.10
Water 605.69 605.69
Phthalic Anhydride 1617.46 1617.46
Phthalide 38.54 38.54
Toluic Acid 39.11 39.11
Sub Total 2904.76 2904.76

Kondensor CD-01
Masuk (Kg)/jam Keluar (Kg)/jam Temperature :
Komponen
Aliran - 10 Aliran - 11 Pressure :
O-Xylene 304.86 304.86
Oxygen 299.10 299.10
Water 605.69 605.69
Phthalic Anhydride 1617.46 1617.46
Phthalide 38.54 38.54
Toluic Acid 39.11 39.11
Sub Total 2904.76 2904.76

Flash Drum -01

Masuk (Kg)/jam Keluar (Kg)/jam
Komponen
Aliran - 11 Aliran -12 Aliran - 19
O-Xylene 304.86 304.86
Oxygen 299.10 299.10
Water 605.69 605.69
Phthalic Anhydride 1617.46 1617.46
Phthalide 38.54 38.54
Toluic Acid 39.11 39.11
Sub Total 2904.76 2904.76

Kondensor di destilat ( CD-02)

 Masuk (Kg)/jam Keluar (Kg)/jam Temperature :
Komponen
Aliran - 12 Aliran - 13 Pressure :
O-Xylene 304.86 304.86
Oxygen 299.10 299.10
Water 605.69 605.69
Sub Total 1209.65 1209.65

Flash Drum2 FD -02 Masuk (Kg)jam Keluar (Kg)/jam

Komponen Aliran - 13 TO-02 Aliran 14
O-Xylene 304.86 304.86
Oxygen 299.10 299.10
Water 605.69 605.69
Sub Total 1209.65 1209.65

TO -02 Masuk (Kg)/jam Temperature : 90°C

Komponen Destilat Pressure : 1atm
Oxygen 299.10

pompa P-02
Masuk (Kg)/jam Keluar (Kg)/jam Temperature :
Komponen
Aliran - 14 Aliran - 15 Pressure :
O-Xylene 304.86 304.86
Water 605.69 605.69
Sub Total 910.54 910.54

Vaporizer VP-02
Flash Drum2 FD -02 Masuk (Kg)/jam Keluar (Kg)/jam
Komponen Aliran - 15 TA-01 OT-01
O-Xylene 304.86 304.86
Water 605.69 605.69
Sub Total 910.54 910.54

Cooler CL - 01
Masuk (Kg)/jam Keluar (Kg)/jam Temperature :
Komponen
Aliran - 19 Aliran - 20 Pressure :
Phthalic Anhydride 1617.46 1617.46
Phthalide 38.54 38.54
Toluic Acid 39.11 39.11
Sub total 1695.11 1695.11

Flaker FL -01
Masuk (Kg)/jam Keluar (Kg)/jam Temperature :
Komponen
Aliran - 20 Aliran - 21 Pressure :
Phthalic Anhydride 1617.46 1617.46
Phthalide 38.54 38.54
Toluic Acid 39.11 39.11
Sub total 1695.11 1695.11

Conveyor belt CB -01

Masuk (Kg)/jam Keluar (Kg)/jam Temperature :
Komponen
Aliran - 20 Aliran - 21 Pressure :
Phthalic Anhydride 1617.46 1617.46
Phthalide 38.54 38.54
Toluic Acid 39.11 39.11
Sub total 1695.11 1695.11
 30°C
1atm

161°C
1atm

161°C
1atm

Temperature : 350°C
Pressure : 1atm
 Temperature : 350°C
Pressure : 1atm

Temperature : 350°C
Pressure : 1atm

Keluar Temperature : Temperature : 360°C

Aliran - 09 Pressure : Pressure : 6.00 atm
Kmol/jam Mr Yield
2.88 106.00 kg/kmol
9.35 32.00 kg/kmol Selectivity
33.65 18.00 kg/kmol
10.93 148.00 kg/kmol
0.29 134.00 kg/kmol
 0.29 136.00 kg/kmol
57.38
57.38
0.02000
Phthalic Anhydride 0.02
Phthalide
Toluic Acid

Temperature : 360°C
Pressure : 6atm

Temperature : 110°C
Pressure : 1atm

Temperature : 110°C
Pressure : 1atm
Temperature : 90°C
Pressure : 1atm

Temperature : 90°C
Pressure : 1atm

90°C
1atm

Temperature : 105°C
Pressure : 1atm

35°C
1atm

35°C
1atm
35°C
1atm
 80%
Phthalic Anhydride 95%
Phthalide 2.5%
Toluic Acid 2.5%
10.93
0.76
0.0200 0.29
0.0200
 Data Enthalpy Pembentukan Komponen Liquid
Komponen ΔHf298K kj/kmol
o-xyelne -2.4439E+04
Oksigen
Phthalic Anhydride
Toluic Acid
Phthalide
Water -2.8583E+05

Data Enthalpy Pembentukan Komponen Gas Data Enthalpy Pembentukan Komponen Solid/padat
Komponen ΔHf298K kj/kmol Komponen ΔHf298K kj/kmol
o-xyelne 1.9000E+04 Phthalic Anhydride -4.6037E+05
Oksigen 0.0000E+00 Toluic Acid -4.2900E+05
Phthalic Anhydride -3.9313E+05 Phthalide -3.6600E+05
Toluic Acid -3.2280E+05
Phthalide -3.9313E+05
Water -2.4180E+05

Data Kapasitas Panas Cairan

Komponen A B C D
O-xylene 5.6460E+01 9.4926E-01 -2.4902E-03 2.6838E-06
Oksigen 4.6432E+01 3.9506E-01 -7.0522E-03 3.9897E-05
Phthalic Anhydride -1.0563E+02 1.9840E+00 -3.8847E-03 2.8513E-06
Toluic Acid -1.0686E+02 2.1576E+00 -4.4616E-03 3.5101E-06
Phthalide -8.0350E+00 2.4304E+00 -3.9847E-03 1.6541E-07
Water 9.2053E+01 -3.9953E-02 -2.1103E-04 5.3469E-07

Data Kapasitas Panas Gas

Komponen A B C D
O-xylene 1.8200E-01 5.1344E-01 -2.2021E-04 -2.1615E-08
Oksigen 2.9526E+01 -8.8889E-03 3.8083E-05 -3.2629E-08
Phthalic Anhydride 4.0083E+01 3.6084E-02 9.5956E-04 -1.2341E-06
Toluic Acid 5.8310E+00 3.2470E-01 4.8726E-04 -8.7808E-07
Phthalide 1.9986E+01 7.7860E-01 2.9980E-04 1.7486E-08
Water 3.3933E+01 -8.4186E-03 2.9906E-05 -1.7825E-08

Vaporizer (VP-01)
Panas Masuk Umpan
𝐻= 𝐻_(𝐹 𝑙𝑖𝑞𝑢𝑖𝑑 298𝑘)+ ∫1_𝑇𝑟𝑒𝑓^𝑇▒ 〖𝐶𝑝 𝑙𝑖𝑞𝑢𝑖𝑑 𝑑𝑇〗
 T 30.00 303.15 K
Treff 25.00 298.15 K

Komponen n (kmol/jam) H (kj/mol) Q (kj/jam)

o-xylene 1.4380E+01 -2.3491E+04 -3.3779E+05

Panas Keluar
𝐻= 𝐻_(𝐹 𝑔𝑎𝑠 298𝑘)+ ∫1_𝑇𝑖^𝑇𝑓▒ 〖𝐶𝑝 𝑔𝑎𝑠 𝑑𝑇〗

T final 161.00 434.15 K

T initial 25.00 298.15 K

Komponen n (kmol) H (kj/mol) Q

o-xylene 1.4380E+01 4.0442E+04 5.8156E+05

Neraca Panas Vaporizer

Komponen Input (kjoule) Output (kjoule)
Q o-xylene -3.3779E+05 5.8156E+05
Duty Vaporizer 9.1935E+05
total 5.8156E+05 5.8156E+05 381.5317

Furnace (F-01)
Panas Masuk Umpan
Komponen n (kmol/jam) H (kj/mol) Q (kj/jam)
o-xylene 1.4380E+01 4.0442E+04 5.8156E+05

𝐻= 𝐻_(𝐹 𝑔𝑎𝑠 298𝑘)+ ∫1_𝑇𝑟𝑒𝑓^𝑇▒ 〖𝐶𝑝 𝑔𝑎𝑠 𝑑𝑇〗

Komponen n (kmol/jam) H (kj/mol) Q (kj/jam)

oksigen 4.3140E+01 1.4705E+02 6.3436E+03

Panas Keluar
T Final 350.00 623.15 K
T initial 161.00 434.15 K
Komponen n (kmol/jam) H (kj/mol) Q (kj/jam)
o-xylene 1.4380E+01 7.9763E+04 1.1470E+06

T Final 350.00 623.15 K

T Initial 30.00 303.15 K
Komponen n (kmol/jam) H (kj/mol) Q (kj/jam)
oksigen 4.3140E+01 9.8349E+03 4.2428E+05

Neraca Panas Furnace

Komponen Input (kjoule) Output (kjoule)
Q o-xylene 5.8156E+05 1.1470E+06
Q oksigen 6.3436E+03 4.2428E+05
Duty Furnace 9.8337E+05
total 1.5713E+06 1.5713E+06

Reactor (R-01)
Panas Masuk Umpan
Komponen n (kmol/jam) H (kj/mol) Q (kj/jam)
o-xylene 1.4380E+01 7.9763E+04 1.1470E+06
oksigen 4.3140E+01 9.8349E+03 4.2428E+05
total 1.5713E+06

Panas Keluar

𝐻= 𝐻_(𝐹 𝑔𝑎𝑠 298𝑘)+ ∫1_𝑇𝑟𝑒𝑓^𝑇▒ 〖𝐶𝑝 𝑔𝑎𝑠 𝑑𝑇〗

T final 360.00 633.15 K

T reff 25.00 298.15 K

Komponen n (kmol/jam) H (kj/mol) Q (kj/jam)

O-xylene 2.8760E+00 8.2104E+04 2.3613E+05
Oksigen 9.3470E+00 1.0320E+04 9.6460E+04
Phthalic Anhydride 1.0929E+01 -3.3925E+05 -3.7076E+06
Toluic Acid 2.8760E-01 -2.5941E+05 -7.4605E+04
Phthalide 2.8760E-01 -2.4047E+05 -6.9158E+04
Water 3.3649E+01 -2.3009E+05 -7.7422E+06
total -1.1261E+07

Neraca Panas Reaktor

Komponen Input (kjoule) Output (kjoule)
O-xylene 1.1470E+06 2.3613E+05
Oksigen 4.2428E+05 9.6460E+04
Phthalic Anhydride -3.7076E+06
Toluic Acid -7.4605E+04
Phthalide -6.9158E+04
Water -7.7422E+06
duty pendingin -1.2832E+07
Total -1.1261E+07 -1.1261E+07

Cooler
Panas Masuk
Komponen n (kmol/jam) H (kj/mol) Q (kj/jam)
O-xylene 2.8760E+00 8.2104E+04 2.3613E+05
Oksigen 9.3470E+00 1.0320E+04 9.6460E+04
Phthalic Anhydride 1.0929E+01 -3.3925E+05 -3.7076E+06
Toluic Acid 2.8760E-01 -2.5941E+05 -7.4605E+04
Phthalide 2.8760E-01 -2.4047E+05 -6.9158E+04
Water 3.3649E+01 -2.3009E+05 -7.7422E+06
total -1.1261E+07

Panas Keluar
T final 160.00 433.15 K
T reff 360.00 633.15 K

𝐻= 𝐻_𝑖𝑛+ ∫1_𝑇𝑟𝑒𝑓^𝑇▒ 〖𝐶𝑝 𝑔𝑎𝑠 𝑑𝑇〗

Komponen n (kmol/jam) H (kj/mol) Q (kj/jam)

O-xylene 2.8760E+00 4.0262E+04 1.1579E+05
Oksigen 9.3470E+00 4.0426E+03 3.7786E+04
Phthalic Anhydride 1.0929E+01 -3.7564E+05 -4.1053E+06
Toluic Acid 2.8760E-01 -3.0212E+05 -8.6890E+04
Phthalide 2.8760E-01 -3.4626E+05 -9.9584E+04
Water 3.3649E+01 -2.3720E+05 -7.9816E+06
total -1.2120E+07

Neraca Panas Condensor

Komponen Input (kjoule) Output (kjoule) Input Kj/jam Output Kj/jam
O-xylene 2.3613E+05 1.1579E+05 9.8388E+03 4.8247E+03
Oksigen 9.6460E+04 3.7786E+04 4.0192E+03 1.5744E+03
Phthalic Anhydride -3.7076E+06 -4.1053E+06 -1.5448E+05 -1.7105E+05
Toluic Acid -7.4605E+04 -8.6890E+04 -3.1085E+03 -3.6204E+03
Phthalide -6.9158E+04 -9.9584E+04 -2.8816E+03 -4.1493E+03
Water -7.7422E+06 -7.9816E+06 -3.2259E+05 -3.3257E+05
duty pendingin -8.5885E+05 -3.5785E+04
Total -1.2120E+07 -1.2120E+07 -5.0499E+05 -5.0499E+05
Menara Distilasi
Panas Masuk
Komponen n (kmol/jam) H (kj/mol) Q (kj/jam)
O-xylene 2.8760E+00 4.0262E+04 1.1579E+05
Oksigen 9.3470E+00 4.0426E+03 3.7786E+04
Phthalic Anhydride 1.0929E+01 -3.7564E+05 -4.1053E+06
Toluic Acid 2.8760E-01 -3.0212E+05 -8.6890E+04
Phthalide 2.8760E-01 -3.4626E+05 -9.9584E+04
Water 3.3649E+01 -2.3720E+05 -7.9816E+06
total -1.2120E+07

Panas Keluar
Distilat
T distilat 99.95 373.10 K
T in CD 110.00 383.15 K
Komponen n (kmol/jam) H (kj/mol) Q (kj/jam)
O-xylene 2.8760E+00 3.8633E+04 1.1111E+05
Oksigen 9.3470E+00 3.7409E+03 3.4966E+04
Water 3.3649E+01 -2.3854E+05 -8.0268E+06
total -7.8808E+06

Bottom
T bottom 285.13 558.28 K
T in CD 110.00 383.15 K
Komponen n (kmol/jam) H (kj/mol) Q (kj/jam)
Phthalic Anhydride 1.0929E+01 -3.9510E+05 -4.3179E+06
Toluic Acid 2.8760E-01 -3.5067E+05 -1.0085E+05
Phthalide 2.8760E-01 -3.6060E+05 -1.0371E+05
total -4.5225E+06

Neraca Panas Distilasi

Komponen Input (kjoule) Output (kjoule)
Oksigen 3.7786E+04 3.4966E+04
O-xylene 1.1579E+05 1.1111E+05
Water -7.9816E+06 -8.0268E+06
Toluic Acid -8.6890E+04 -1.0085E+05
Phthalic Anhydride -4.1053E+06 -4.3179E+06
Phthalide -9.9584E+04 -1.0371E+05
duty pemanas -2.8343E+05
Total -1.2403E+07 -1.2403E+07
Cooler Light Component
Panas Masuk
Komponen n (kmol/jam) H (kj/mol) Q (kj/jam)
O-xylene 2.8760E+00 3.8633E+04 1.1111E+05
Oksigen 9.3470E+00 3.7409E+03 3.4966E+04
Water 3.3649E+01 -2.3854E+05 -8.0268E+06
total -7.8808E+06

Panas Keluar
T final 90.00 363.15 K
T reff 99.95 373.10 K
Komponen n (kmol/jam) H (kj/mol) Q (kj/jam)
O-xylene 2.8760E+00 -1.1754E+04 -3.3803E+04
Oksigen 9.3470E+00 3.4428E+03 3.2180E+04
Water 3.3649E+01 -2.8094E+05 -9.4534E+06
total -9.4551E+06

Neraca Panas Condensor

Komponen Input (kjoule) Output (kjoule)
O-xylene 1.1111E+05 -3.3803E+04
Oksigen 3.4966E+04 3.2180E+04
Water -8.0268E+06 -9.4534E+06
duty pendingin -1.5911E+06
Total -9.4718E+06 -9.4551E+06

Vaporizer
Panas Masuk
Komponen n (kmol/jam) H (kj/mol) Q (kj/jam)
O-xylene 2.8760E+00 -1.1754E+04 -3.3803E+04
Water 3.3649E+01 -2.8094E+05 -9.4534E+06
total -2.9269E+05 -9.4873E+06

Panas Keluar
T final 105.00 378.15 K
T reff 90.00 363.15 K
Komponen n (kmol/jam) H (kj/mol) Q (kj/jam)
O-xylene 2.8760E+00 -8.7106E+03 -2.5052E+04
Water 3.3649E+01 -2.3909E+05 -8.0452E+06
total -8.0702E+06
Neraca Panas Vaporizer
Komponen Input (kjoule) Output (kjoule)
O-xylene -3.3803E+04 -2.5052E+04
Water -9.4534E+06 -8.0452E+06
duty pemanas 1.4170E+06
Total -8.0702E+06 -8.0702E+06

Cooler Heavy Component

Panas Masuk
Komponen n (kmol/jam) H (kj/mol) Q (kj/jam)
Phthalic Anhydride 1.0929E+01 -3.9510E+05 -4.3179E+06
Toluic Acid 2.8760E-01 -3.5067E+05 -1.0085E+05
Phthalide 2.8760E-01 -3.6060E+05 -1.0371E+05
total -4.5225E+06

Panas Keluar
T final 110.00 383.15
T reff 303.20 576.35
Komponen n (kmol/jam) H (kj/mol) Q (kj/jam)
Phthalic Anhydride 1.0929E+01 -4.4680E+05 -4.8830E+06
Toluic Acid 2.8760E-01 -4.0685E+05 -1.1701E+05
Phthalide 2.8760E-01 -4.0840E+05 -1.1746E+05
total -5.1175E+06

Neraca Panas Cooler Heavy Component

Komponen Input (kjoule) Output (kjoule)
Phthalic Anhydride -4.3179E+06 -4.8830E+06
Toluic Acid -1.0085E+05 -1.1701E+05
Phthalide -1.0371E+05 -1.1746E+05
duty pendingin -7.9940E+05
total -5.3219E+06 -5.1175E+06

Flaker
Panas Masuk
Komponen n (kmol/jam) H (kj/mol) Q (kj/jam)
Phthalic Anhydride 1.0929E+01 -4.4680E+05 -4.8830E+06
Toluic Acid 2.8760E-01 -4.0685E+05 -1.1701E+05
Phthalide 2.8760E-01 -4.0840E+05 -1.1746E+05
total -5.1175E+06
 Panas Keluar

𝐻= 𝐻_𝑓𝑠𝑜𝑙𝑖𝑑+ ∫1_𝑇𝑟𝑒𝑓^𝑇▒ 〖𝐶𝑝 𝑠𝑜𝑙𝑖𝑑 𝑑𝑇〗

T final 35.00 308.15

T reff 25.00 298.15
Komponen n (kmol/jam) H (kj/mol) Q (kj/jam)
Phthalic Anhydride 1.0929E+01 -4.5873E+05 -5.0133E+06
Toluic Acid 2.8760E-01 -4.2721E+05 -1.2287E+05
Phthalide 2.8760E-01 -3.6380E+05 -1.0463E+05
total -5.2408E+06

Neraca Panas Flaker

Komponen Input (kjoule) Output (kjoule)
Phthalic Anhydride -4.8830E+06 -5.0133E+06
Toluic Acid -1.1701E+05 -1.2287E+05
Phthalide -1.1746E+05 -1.0463E+05
flaker 1.2079E+05
total -4.9967E+06 -5.2408E+06
ukan Komponen Solid/padat

Entalph Penguapan
Komponen A Tc (K)
O-xylene 5.5606E+01 6.3037E+02
Oksigen 8.0400E+00 1.5458E+02
Phthalic Anhydride 5.5495E+01 7.9100E+02
Toluic Acid 9.1444E+01 7.5100E+02
Phthalide 4.5551E+01 7.1000E+02
Water 5.2053E+01 6.4713E+02

Data Kapasitas Panas Padatan

E Komponen A B
2.3212E-11 Phthalic Anhydride 2.6320E+01 3.9060E-01
8.8607E-12 Toluic Acid -4.2265E+01 7.2871E-01
4.6597E-10 Phthalide 3.4220E+01 6.1431E-01
3.7290E-10
5.6823E-11
3.6934E-12
 Neraca Energi :
Q condensasi = Qpendingin + Q loss
Q loss = 5% Q Condensasi
sehingga Persamaan Neraca energinya :
Q Condensasi = Q pendingin + 0.05 x Q Condensasi
Q Pendingin = 0.95 x Q Condensasi
Q Pendingin = 0.95 x -10697933.124
Qpendingin = 1421898.955
Q loss = 5% Q Condensasi = 71094.9477533039
Q Media Pendingin = m x Cp x ∆T
1421898.955 = m air pendingin X

1421898.955 = m air pendingin x

m air pendingin = 991.5039 Kg/Jam

 Neraca Energi :
Q condensasi = Qpendingin + Q loss
Q loss = 5% Q Condensasi
sehingga Persamaan Neraca energinya :
Q Condensasi = Q pendingin + 0.05 x Q Condensasi
Q Pendingin = 0.95 x Q Condensasi
Q Pendingin = 0.95 x -8998254.330 KJ/Jam
Qpendingin = 456816.157 KJ/Jam
Q loss = 5% Q Condensasi = KJ/jam

Q Media Pendingin = m x Cp x ∆T
456816.157 = m air pendingin X 4.181
456816.157 = m air pendingin x 1413.18
m air pendingin = 323.2545 Kg/Jam
 Neraca Energi :
Q condensasi = Qpendingin + Q loss
Q loss = 5% Q Condensasi
sehingga Persamaan Neraca energinya :
Q Condensasi = Q pendingin + 0.05 x Q Condensasi
Q Pendingin = 0.95 x Q Condensasi
Q Pendingin = 0.95 x -5055812.017 KJ/Jam
Qpendingin = 61651.036 KJ/Jam
Q loss = 5% Q Condensasi = 3082.5518232012 KJ/jam

Q Media Pendingin = m x Cp x ∆T
61651.036 = m air pendingin X 4.181
61651.036 = m air pendingin x 1350.46
45.6518 Kg/Jam
 Neraca Energi :
Q condensasi = Qpendingin + Q loss
Q loss = 5% Q Condensasi
sehingga Persamaan Neraca energinya :
Q Condensasi = Q pendingin + 0.05 x Q Condensasi
Q Pendingin = 0.95 x Q Condensasi
Q Pendingin = 0.95 x -4746836.118 KJ/Jam
Qpendingin = 493997.000 KJ/Jam
Q loss = 5% Q Condensasi = 24699.850010408 KJ/jam

Q Media Pendingin = m x Cp x ∆T
493997.000 = m air pendingin X 4.181
493997.000 = m air pendingin x 1454.99
339.5196 Kg/Jam
n
3.7500E-01
2.0100E-01
3.8000E-02
3.8800E-01
3.8000E-02
3.2100E-01

C
2.1260E-04
0.0000E+00
0.0000E+00
KJ/Jam
KJ/Jam
KJ/jam
 4.181 x 343 K
1434.08
x 338 K
3.2300E+02
3.4800E+02
Penentuan Laju Reaksi (r)
k=k0e-E/RT Chemical Reaction Engineering 3rd , O. Levenspiel 27-29
k0 3.19 kmol/kg catalyst.s.atm Kinetics of the Selective Oxidation
k0 11484 kmol/kg catalyst.jam.atm
E 58 kJ/kgmol
R 8.314 J/kgmolK
T 623.15 K
k oxylene 0.1578 kmol/kg catalyst.jam.atm
P oxylene 1.5 atm
k oxygen 0.000 kmol/kg catalyst.s.atm
k oxygen 0.028 kmol/kg catalyst.jam.atm
P oxylene 4.5 atm
r 0.0296 kmol/kg catalyst

Perhitungan Katalis
katalis RhSi
bentuk hollow
diameter 0.72 cm
porositas 0.4
densitas katalis 990 kg/m3
berat katalis 1942.8673 kg catalyst
volume katalis 1.9625 m3
tinggi bed 1.6895 m

Spesifikasi Tube
Dp/Dt 0.05 0.1 0.15 0.2 0.25
hw/h 5.5 7 7.8 7.5 7
Diameter tube (Dt) 1.8898 in
Dt tube standard 2 in
schedule 40
IDt 2.067 in
ODt 2.38 in
volume reaksi 1.5700 m3
safety factor 20%
volume total tube 4.2390 m3
panjang tube 3.65 m
volume tube satuan 0.0316 m3
jumlah tube 135
susunan tube triangular pitch
pitch 7.5565 cm
clearance 1.5113 cm

Spesifikasi Reaktor
join effeciency 0.8000
corrosion allowance 0.1250 in
IDS 0.9222 m
tebal shell yang dibutuhkan 0.2735 in
tebal shell standard 0.3750 in
ODS 0.9412 m
tinggi tabung reaktor 3.65 m
tinggi head 0.4611 m
volume head 0.4104 m3
tinggi total reaktor 4.5715 m
L/D 5
volume total reaktor 4.6494 m3

Pressure Drop
BM campuran 50.5000 kg/kmol
Densitas Umpan 5.9225 kg/m3
Data Viskositas A B C
o-xylene 1.82E-01 5.13E-01 -2.02E-04
oksigen 2.95E+01 -8.90E-03 -3.81E-05
viskositas o-xylene 2.4142E-05 Pa.s
viskotitas oxygen 9.1851E-07 Pa.s
viskositas umpan 6.7243E-06 Pa.s
kecepatan fluida 0.2041 m/s

ergun equation

Pressure Drop 0.0342 atm

etics of the Selective Oxidation of o-Xylene to Phthalic Anhydride, 2012

0.3 Colburn (Smith, p.571)

6.6
Penentuan Dew Point dan Bubble Point
T 110 C
P 1 atm

Feed
Komponen
mol fraksi mol
Oxygen 9.3470 0.1629 9.3470
Water 33.6492 0.5865 33.6492
O-Xylene 2.8760 0.0501 2.8616
Toluic Acid 0.2876 0.0050 0.0014
Phthalic Anhydride 10.9288 0.1905
Phthalide 0.2876 0.0050
Total 57.3762 1.0000 45.8593

Relatif volatilitas
a LKD 2.059E+02
a HKB 1.451E+01
a avg 1.102E+02

jumlah tray mininum (Nm)

Nm 1.118E+00

Reflux Minimum

q 24.3262
T Feed 465.6893 1
Komponen Pi (mmHg) K ai
Oxygen 4.620E+07 6.08E+04 721,897.38
Water 9.930E+03 1.307E+01 155.17
O-Xylene 2.326E+03 3.061E+00 36.35
Toluic Acid 6.399E+01 8.420E-02 1.00
Phthalic Anhydride 7.408E+01 9.747E-02 1.16
Phthalide 7.815E-02 7.815E-02 0.93
Total
Rm 0.60
Rm/(Rm+1) 0.37
R 0.89
R/(R+1) 0.47
Nm/N 0.63
N 1.775E+00

Lokasi Feed stage

Xf,HK 0.005013
Xf, LK 0.050125
Xb,LK 0.001249
Xd,HK 0.024810

log(Ne/Ns) -0.710502
Ne/Ns 0.195
Ne+Ns = N 1.775E+00

Ns 1.49
Ne 0.29
N 2

Beban Kondenser
Komponen Xd V (kmol V(kg)
Oxygen 0.2038 17.7021 566.4681
Water 0.7337 63.7277 1147.0980
O-Xylene 0.0624 5.4196 574.4749
Toluic Acid 0.0000 0.0027 0.3704
Phthalic Anhydride 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000
Phthalide 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000
total 1.0000 86.8521 2288.4114

Beban Reboiler
Komponen Xb V' (kmol V'(kg)
Oxygen 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000
Water 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000
O-Xylene 0.0012 0.1084 11.4950
Toluic Acid 0.0248 2.1580 293.4905
Phthalic Anhydride 0.9489 82.4168 12197.6818
Phthalide 0.0250 2.1689 290.6276
total 1.0000 86.8521 12793.2948

Densitas Liqud dan Uap pada Top

Komponen D (kg) yd density uap
Oxygen 299.104 0.2475 0.1065
Water 605.6856 0.5013 0.0599
O-Xylene 303.33172 0.2510 0.3528
Toluic Acid 0.195568 0.0002 0.4527
Phthalic Anhydride 0 0.0000
Phthalide 0 0.0000
total 1208.316888 1.0000 0.9719
density uap top

Densitas Liqud dan Uap pada bottom

Komponen B (kg) yb density uap
Oxygen 0 0.0000 0.0712
Water 0 0.0000 0.0400
O-Xylene 1.52428000000001 0.0009 0.2358
Toluic Acid 38.918032 0.0229 0.3025
Phthalic Anhydride 1617.4624 0.9534 0.3292
Phthalide 38.5384 0.0227 0.2981
total 1696.443112 1.0000 1.2768
density uap bottom

liquid vapour flow factor

laju alir massa top kg/jam kg/s laju alir massa bottom
Feed 2904.7600 0.8069 Feed
Distilat 1208.3169 0.3356 Bottom
Vapour rate 2288.4114 0.6357 Vapour rate
Liquid rate 1080.0945 0.3000 Liquid rate

FLV top 0.0416955698043729

FLV bottom 0.0640789075120046

plate spacing (0.3-0.6m) 0.6 m coulson

K1 top 0.1023 top
k1 bottom 0.1012 bottom

Kecepatan flooding dan kecepatan uap

asumsi
uf top 1.1538 m/s uv top
uf bottom 1.7851 m/s uv bottom

Kecepatan Laju Alir Volumetrik Maksimum

Qv top 0.0922 m3/s Qv bottom

Luas Ara netto untuk kontak uap cair

An top 0.0799 m2 An bottom

Luas Penampang dan Diameter Menara

Ac top 0.0908 m2 Ac bottom
Dc top 0.3401 m Dc bottom

Perancangan Tray
Diameter Menara Dc 0.3401 m
Luas Menara Ac 0.0908 m2
Luas downcomer Ad 0.0109 m2
Luas netto An 0.0799 m2
Luas Aktif Aa 0.0690 m2
Luas hole Ah 0.0069 m2

lw/Dc 0.7750
Panjang Weir lw 0.26358 m
Tinggi Weir hw 0.1 m coulson
Tray spacing 0.6 m

qc 87
Derajat tray 93
Lh/Dc 0.26
Lh 0.0884 m

panjang rata rata unperforated edge strip L av 0.4706 m

Luas unperforated edge strip A up 0.0235 m2
Luas calming zone Acz 0.0127 m2
luas tersedia untuk perforasi A p 0.0328 m2

Ah/Ap 0.2106
lp/dh 2.0670

Hole pitch
lp 0.1034 m dh
luas hole 0.0019625 m2
jumlah hole 4 buah

Menentukan Tebal Dinding dan Head menara

Shell
ID,Diameter Menara
Diameter Menara Dc 0.3401
P operasi 608
88.15275
P design 105.7833
material Stainless steel SA 285 (tahan terhadap korosi dan struktur kuat)
t =( P . Ri / f.E - 0.6P) + C
f (Allowable stress ,psi) 11500
C, Faktor Korosi 0.125
E, Efisiensi pengelasan 0.8
r , jari-jarishell
jari jari menara 6.69494320236528
Tebal shell, ts 0.202514459396344

OD = ID + (2ts)
OD = ID + (2ts) 13.7949153235232

Head
Tipe Head Torispherical flanged and dished head
th =( 0.885P . Ri / f.E - 0.1P) + C
tebal head, th 0.193205453124452

Menentukan jarak puncak dengan straight flange

dari Tabel 5.6, Brownell Straight Flange (sf) antara 1.5 - 2.5 in
dipilih sf 2
dari Tabel 5.7 Brownell young diperoleh
 (Inc)
ri 66
icr 4
icr/OD 0.29
a , ID/2 6.69
AB, a - icr 2.69
BC, r - icr 62
AC, (BC2 - AB2)1/2 61.94
b, r - AC 4.06
Hh,th + b + sf 6.25

Menentukan tinggi menara

Tray spacing, Ts 0.6
Tingi kolom 1.2
Ruang kosong di atas plate pertama, 10%hc 0.12
Ruang kosong di bawah plate terakhir, 10%hc 0.12
Tinggi menara 1.44
Hh top + Hh Bottom 6.25
Total tinggi menara 1.59879612542249
 T Dew
99.9523240986767
373.102324098677 K
1 atm

Distilat
massa fraksi (yi) Pi (mmHg) K xi =yi/ki
299.1040 0.2038 6.8019E+06 8.94980E+03 0.0000
605.6856 0.7337 7.5830E+02 9.97767E-01 0.7354
303.3317 0.0624 1.9781E+02 2.60282E-01 0.2397
0.1956 0.0000 9.6056E-01 1.26390E-03 0.0248

1208.3169 1.0000 1.0000

å(ai . Xi,f )/(ai - q) å(ai . Xi,D )/(ai - q)

0.16 0.00
0.70 0.87
0.15 0.72
0.00 0.00
-0.01 0.00
0.00 0.00
1.000 1.60
L (kmol L (kg) D (kmol D (kg) bm
8.3551 267.3641 9.3470 299.1040 32.00
30.0785 541.4124 33.6492 605.6856 18.00
2.5580 271.1432 2.8616 303.3317 106.00
0.0013 0.1748 0.0014 0.1956 136.00
0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 148.00
0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 134.00
40.9928 1080.0945 45.8593 1208.3169

L' (kmol L' (kg) B (kmol B (kg) bm

 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 32.00
0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 18.00
0.1228 13.0193 0.0144 1.5243 106.00
2.4442 332.4085 0.2862 38.9180 136.00
93.3456 13815.1442 10.9288 1617.4624 148.00
2.4565 329.1660 0.2876 38.5384 134.00
98.3690 14489.7379 11.5169 1696.4431

yd/densitas uap density CAIR yd/densitas cair

0.0264 1.19230837742043 0.295141289889809
0.0300 1.2632976620121 0.633245475581232
0.0886 0.809961961943347 0.203330068039941
0.0001 1.07651652316538 0.000174235902430263

0.1450 4.3421 1.1319

6.8948 kg/m3 883.477241779314 kg/m3

yd/densitas uap density CAIR yb/densitas cair

0.0000
0.0000
0.0002 0.594384105095359 0.00053406318037192
0.0069 0.880306403593907 0.0201950731754762
0.3139 1.05257010247992 1.00356596226695
0.0068 1.1 0.0249888957078096
0.3278 3.6273 1.0493
3.0506 kg/m3 953.03083379057 kg/m3

kg/jam kg/s
2904.7600 0.8069
1696.4431 0.4712
12793.2948 3.5537
14489.7379 4.0249
 80% dari kecepatan flooding
0.92305 m/s
1.42809 m/s

1.1649 m3/s

0.6526 m2

0.7416 m2
0.9719 m
 0.05 m coulson

m 13.3898864047306 in
kpa
psi
psi
orosi dan struktur kuat)
(brownell & Young, 1959, pers.13.11)
psi (peters and timmerhaus, 1991, tabel 4, hal.538)
in (brownell and Young 1959)
(brownell and Young 1959, Tabel 13.2)

in
in

in

(brownell and Young, 1959, Pers.13.12)

in
 (brownell and Young, 1959, hal.87)

m
m
m
m
m
in 0.158796125422495 m
m
T Bubble
285.1262 C
558.2762 K K
1 atm

Bottom
mol massa fraksi (xi) Pi (mmHg) K yi =xi.ki

0.0144 1.5243 0.001249 1.1171E+04 1.46981E+01 0.0184

0.2862 38.9180 0.024847 7.6993E+02 1.01306E+00 0.0252
10.9288 1617.4624 0.948932 7.4792E+02 9.84111E-01 0.9339
0.2876 38.5384 0.024972 9.0740E-01 9.07405E-01 0.0227
11.5169 1696.4431 1.0000 1.0000
Konstanta antoine
Komponen a b c d e
Oxygen 2.0670E+01 -5.2697E+02 -6.7062E+00 1.2926E-02 -9.8823E-13
Water 2.9861E+01 -3.1522E+03 -7.3037E+00 2.4247E-09 1.8090E-06
O-Xylene 3.7241E+01 -3.4573E+03 -1.0126E+01 9.0766E-11 2.6123E-06
Toluic Acid -3.5882E+01 -3.2354E+03 2.1131E+01 -3.0615E-02 1.1587E-05
Phthalic Anhydride 3.0633E+01 -3.8783E+03 -7.8671E+00 1.1148E-09 2.5585E-06
Phthalide 4.8302E+00 2.5152E+03 -4.2058E+01
 DATA KONDENSOR 01

Data Cp Liquid Campuran Kondensor

Hv
Komponen A B C D
(kj/mol)
H2O 42.502 92.053 -4.0E-02 -2.1E-04 5.3E-07

BM m Cp input
T out (oC) T out (K) xi
kg/kmol kg/jam Cp (J/mol K)

433.15 18 2904.76 1 117.87241796

160
Jumlah 2904.76

Cp output
Cp mix (kj/kg) Cp mix (btu/lb F) Cp (J/mol K) Cp/BM (kj/kg) Cp/BM*xi (kj/kg) Cp mix (kj/kg)

6.5484676642 1.564074631 78.606861933 4.367047885158 4.367047885 4.3670478852

(Yaws . L. Carl., 1999. Chemical Properties .)

Data Konduktivitas Campuran Kondensor

k input
Komponen A B C
log 10 k k (w/m k)
H2O -0.2758 4.61E-03 -5.54E-06 0.649311911 4.4597643457

k output
log 10 k
k mix (btu/lb F k (w/m k) k*xi (w/m k) k mix (w/m k) k mix (btu/lb F

1.0651964139 0.554220936 3.5827865545 3.582786554502 3.582786555 0.855733867

(Yaws . L. Carl., 1999. Chemical Properties .)

Data Viskositas Campuran Kondensor

Viskositas input
Komponen A B C D
log n
H2O -10.2158 1.793E+03 1.7730E-02 -1.2631E-05 -1.2225E+00

Viskositas output
n mix (cp) n mix (lb/h ft) log n n (cp) n*xi n mix (cp)
5.9914E-02 1.4310E-02 -7.6758E-01 1.7077E-01 1.7077E-01 1.7077E-01

(Yaws . L. Carl., 1999. Chemical Properties .)

Data Densitas Liquid Campuran Kondensor

Densitas input
Komponen A B n Tc
Komponen A B n Tc
ρL
H2O 0.34710 0.27400 0.28571 647.13 5.35E+02
Jumlah 5.35E+02

Densitas output
ρL mix ρL m (kg/jam) Volume (m3/jam) ρL mix
891.8503518 2.90E+03 3.26E+00 8.92E+02
5.35E+02
8.92E+02 2.90E+03 3.26E+00

(Yaws . L. Carl., 1999. Chemical Properties .)

 T in (oC) T in (K)
360 633.15

Cp input
Cp/BM (kj/kg) Cp/BM*xi (kj/kg)

6.5484676642 6.548467664209

Cp mix (btu/lb F)

1.0430514677

999. Chemical Properties .)

k input
k*xi (w/m k) k mix (w/m k)

4.4597643457 4.45976434575

999. Chemical Properties .)

Viskositas input
n (cp) n*xi
5.9914E-02 5.9914E-02

n mix (lb/h ft)

4.0789E-02

999. Chemical Properties .)

Densitas input
 m (kg/jam) Volume (m3/jam)

2.90E+03 5.43E+00
2.90E+03 5.43E+00

999. Chemical Properties .)

CONDENSOR 01 (CD-101)
fungsi : Mendinginkan Keluaran Reaktor dari 360 oC menjadi 160 oC
Type : Double Pipe Heat Exchanger

1. Kondisi Operasi
a. Fluida Dingin
Massa fluida dingin (Wc) = 991.50 kg/jam
2185.889432 lb/h
Temperatur Masuk (t1) = 30 oC
86 oF
Temperatur Keluar (t2) = 40 oC
104 oF

b. Fluida Panas
Massa fluida panas (Wp) = 2904.76 kg/jam
6403.8919912 lb/h
Temperatur Masuk (T1) = 360 oC
680 oF
Temperatur Keluar (T2) = 160 oC
320 oF
Beban Cooler (Q) = 1421898.96 kj/jam
1500194.0843 btu/jam
Daya (watt) = 441012.05497 441.0121 Kw/jam
T ave = T1+T2 Temp kalorik :
2 Tc =
= 500 oF tc =
= 260 oC

2. Menentukan ∆TLMTD

ΔTLMTD = 210.927 oF

3. Menentukan koefisien overall heat transfer (Ud)

Dari tabel 8 Kern, Q. Donald hal 840 diperoleh harga Ud yaitu :
Hot fluid = Water
Cold fluid = Water
Ud = 250-500 Btu/h.ft2.oF
dipilih harga Ud = 250 Btu/h.ft2.oF
4. Menentukan luas area transfer panas (A)
A = Qc
Ud ∆T
= 28.4495715064801 ft2
= 2.64305151049408 m2

karena ∆A < 200 ft2 maka tipe HE yang digunakan adalah double pipe
Pada pipa dalam adalah fluida dingin dan pipa luar adalah fluida panas

5. Pemilihan pipa standar

dirt factor (Rd) liquid panas = 0.001 (Kern tabel 12)
dirt factor (Rd) liquid dingin = 0.001 (Kern tabel 12)
Total dirt factor (Rd) = 0.002
∆P yang diijinkan = 10 psi
direncanakan dipakai heat exchanger, 15 ft hairpins dengan ukuran :
Outer pipe, IPS = 2 in
Inner pipe, IPS = 1 1/4 in

∆t untuk aliran cunter current :

panas dingin beda
680 suhu tinggi 104 576 ∆t2
320 suhu rendah 86 234 ∆t1
T1-T2 t2-t1 342 ∆t2-∆t1

LMTD = ∆t2-∆t1 342 = 379.668 oF

ln (∆t2/∆t1) 0.9008
R = T1-T2 = 360 = 20
t2-t1 18
S = t2-t1 = 18 = 0.030
t1-T1 594
FT = 0.88 (Kern Fig 18)
∆t = 332.210 oF

Evaluasi Perpindahan Panas

Fluida panas; anulus, Water
1') Flow area
D2 = 2.067 = 0.172 ft
12
D1 = 1.66 = 0.138 ft
12
αa = π (D22-D12)
4
= 0.0083 ft2
 De = (D22-D12)
D1
= 0.0761 ft

2') Ga = W
αa
= 773727.510969622 lb/jam ft2

3') pada Tc = 500 0F

μ= 3.70E-01 cp
μ= 8.95E-01 lb/h ft
Reα = De x Ga (Kern, fig.14)
μ
= 65801.443

4') jH = 25 (Kern, fig. 24)

5') Tc = 176,384 c= 0.4 btu/lb oF (Kern, Fig. 2)

k= 0.396 btu/h ft2 (oF/ft) (Kern, tabel 4)
(cμ/k)^1/3 = 0.30148
6') ho = jH*(k/De)*(cμ/k)^1/3*(μ/μw)^0,14 (Kern, Eq. 6.15b)
= 39.195 btu/h ft2 oF
191.382143815401 kcal/h m2 oF
Fluida dingin; inner pipe, Water
1) D = 1.38 = 0.115 ft
12

ap = πD2 = 0.0104 ft2

4

2) Gp = W = 210362 lb/h ft2

ap

3) pada Tc = 95 oF
μ = 0.75 cp
μ = 1.815 lb/h ft (Kern, Fig. 14)
Rep = DGp
μ
= 13328.7392275907

4) jH = 38 (Kern, Fig. 24)

5) pada Tc = 95 oF
 c = 0.95 btu/lb oF (Kern, Fig. 2)
k = 0.378 btu/h ft2 (oF/ft) (Kern, Tabel 4)
(cμ/k)^1/3 = 1.521

6) hi = jH*(k/D)*(cμ/k)^1/3*(μ/μw)^0,14
189.917 btu/h ft2 oF (Kern, Eq. 6.15a)
927.331012228261 kcal/h m2 oF
7) hio = hi*(ID/OD)
157.88313253012 btu/h ft2 oF
770.913733057229 kcal/h m2 oF
8) Clean overall coefficient, Uc:
Uc = hioho
hio+ho
= 31.3999187797673 btu/h ft2 oF
153.319915916833 kcal/h m2 oF
9) Design overall coeficient, UD:
1 = 1 + Rd
UD Uc

Rd = 0.002
UD = 29.545 btu/h ft2 oF
144.260387044182 kcal/h m2 oF
10) Surface Area
A = Q
UD x ∆t
= 152.847 ft2 14.20034 m2

dari tabel 11 (kern) untuk 1 1/4 in, IPS standar pipa adalah :
IPS = 0.435 external
ft2 surface per ft length
L = 351.373 ft 107.0999
hairpins 15 ft, digunakan standar panjang 52.2
jumlah hairpins 3

11) Actual Design Coefficient (Ud)

UD = Q
A ∆t
= 86.510 btu/h ft2 oF
422.410519283236 kcal/h m2 oF
12) Dirt Factor :
Rd = Uc-UD
Uc x UD
= -55.110
2716.39674822921
 = -0.0203 btu/h ft2 oF
-0.0990615982521039 kcal/h m2 oF
Pressure Drop
Fluida panas; annulus, Water
1') D'e = D2 - D1
= 0.172 - 0.138
= 0.034 ft
Re'a = D'e Ga
μ
= 29308
f = 0.0035 + 0.264
(DG/μ) ^0,42
= 0.0070
ρc = 8.92E+02 lb/ft3 s= 1
2') ∆Fa = 4 x f x Ga2 x L
2 g x ρ2 x D'e
= 2014731605926.220
22552953089216.1
= 0.08933 ft 0.027229 m
3') V = G
3600 ρ
= 0.240986963972287 fps

Ft = 3V2
2g'
= 0.0027053439505239 ft 0.000825 m
∆Pa = 0.57003 psi
∆Pa yang diijinkan = 10 psi (memenuhi syarat)

Fluida dingin; inner pipe, Water

1) Rep = 13328.739
f = 0.0035 + 0.264
(DG/μ) ^0,42
= 0.00839

ρ = 55.72 s =

2) ∆Fp = 4 x f x Gp2 x L
2 g x ρ2 x D
= 178184988753.159
298472716061.585
= 0.596989202578882 ft 0.181965 m
 ∆Pp = ∆Fp x ρ
144
= 0.231 psi

∆Pp yang diijinkan = 10 psi (memenuhi syarat)

emp kalorik :
500
95
(Kern, Eq. 6.15b)
Kern, Tabel 4)

ern, Eq. 6.15a)

m
(memenuhi syarat)

1
(memenuhi syarat)
Data Cp Liquid Campuran Kondensor
Hv
Komponen A B C D
(kj/mol)
H2O 42.502 92.053 -4.0E-02 -2.1E-04 5.3E-07

BM m Cp input
T out (oC) T out (K) xi
kg/kmol kg/jam Cp (J/mol K)

363.15 18 1209.65 1 78.60686193

90
Jumlah 1209.65

Cp output
Cp mix (kj/kg) Cp mix (btu/lb F) Cp (J/mol K) Cp/BM (kj/kg) Cp/BM*xi (kj/kg) Cp mix (kj/kg)

4.36704788515811 1.04305146775 75.320958852 4.184497714015 4.1844977140153 4.184497714

(Yaws . L. Carl., 1999. Chemical Properties .)

Data Konduktivitas Campuran Kondensor

k input
Komponen A B C
log 10 k k (w/m k)
H2O -0.2758 4.61E-03 -5.54E-06 0.5542209357232 3.582786555

k output
k mix (btu/lb F log 10 k k (w/m k) k*xi (w/m k) k mix (w/m k) k mix (btu/lb F

0.85573386703505 0.51345432397 3.2617774351 3.261777435145 3.2617774351453 0.779062156

(Yaws . L. Carl., 1999. Chemical Properties .)

Data Viskositas Campuran Kondensor

Viskositas in
Komponen A B C D
log n
H2O -10.2158 1.793E+03 1.7730E-02 -1.2631E-05 -7.6758E-01

Viskositas output
n mix (cp) n mix (lb/h ft) log n n (cp) n*xi n mix (cp)
1.7077E-01 4.0789E-02 -5.0692E-01 3.1123E-01 3.1123E-01 3.1123E-01

(Yaws . L. Carl., 1999. Chemical Properties .)

Data Densitas Liquid Campuran Kondensor

Densitas inp
Komponen A B n Tc
ρL
H2O 0.34710 0.27400 0.28571 647.13 8.92E+02
Jumlah 8.92E+02

Densitas output
ρL mix ρL m (kg/jam) Volume (m3/jam) ρL mix
965.626134766 1.21E+03 1.25E+00 9.66E+02
8.92E+02
9.66E+02 1.21E+03 1.25E+00

(Yaws . L. Carl., 1999. Chemical Properties .)

 T in (oC) T in (K)
160 433.15

Cp input
Cp/BM (kj/kg) Cp/BM*xi (kj/kg)

4.36704788516 4.367047885158

Cp mix (btu/lb F)

0.99945010844

Chemical Properties .)

k input
k*xi (w/m k) k mix (w/m k)

3.5827865545 3.582786554502

Chemical Properties .)

Viskositas input
n (cp) n*xi
1.7077E-01 1.7077E-01

n mix (lb/h ft)

7.4335E-02

Chemical Properties .)

Densitas input
m (kg/jam) Volume (m3/jam)

1.21E+03 1.36E+00
 1.21E+03 1.36E+00

Chemical Properties .)
CONDENSOR 01 (CD-101)
fungsi : Mendinginkan Keluaran Reaktor dari 360 oC menjadi 160 oC
Type : Double Pipe Heat Exchanger

1. Kondisi Operasi
a. Fluida Dingin
Massa fluida dingin (Wc) = 323.25 kg/jam
712.6533508404 lb/h
Temperatur Masuk (t1) = 30 oC
86 oF
Temperatur Keluar (t2) = 40 oC
104 oF

b. Fluida Panas
Massa fluida panas (Wp) = 1290.65 kg/jam
2845.392803 lb/h
Temperatur Masuk (T1) = 160 oC
320 oF
Temperatur Keluar (T2) = 95 oC
203 oF
Beban Cooler (Q) = 4.5682E+05 kj/jam
481970.1812055 btu/jam
Daya (Watt) 141684.77416899 141.6848 Kw/jam
T ave = T1+T2 Temp kalorik :
2 Tc =
= 261.5 oF tc =
= 127.5 oC

2. Menentukan ∆TLMTD

ΔTLMTD = 89.707 oF

3. Menentukan koefisien overall heat transfer (Ud)

Dari tabel 8 Kern, Q. Donald hal 840 diperoleh harga Ud yaitu :
Hot fluid = Water
Cold fluid = Water
Ud = 250-500 Btu/h.ft2.oF
dipilih harga Ud = 250 Btu/h.ft2.oF
4. Menentukan luas area transfer panas (A)
A = Qc
Ud ∆T
= 21.4907690105449 ft2
= 1.99655764523772 m2

karena ∆A < 200 ft2 maka tipe HE yang digunakan adalah double pipe
Pada pipa dalam adalah fluida dingin dan pipa luar adalah fluida panas

5. Pemilihan pipa standar

dirt factor (Rd) liquid panas = 0.001 (Kern tabel 12)
dirt factor (Rd) liquid dingin = 0.001 (Kern tabel 12)
Total dirt factor (Rd) = 0.002
∆P yang diijinkan = 10 psi
direncanakan dipakai heat exchanger, 15 ft hairpins dengan ukuran :
Outer pipe, IPS = 2 in
Inner pipe, IPS = 1 1/4 in

∆t untuk aliran cunter current :

panas dingin beda
320 suhu tinggi 104 216 ∆t2
203 suhu rendah 86 117 ∆t1
T1-T2 t2-t1 99 ∆t2-∆t1

LMTD = ∆t2-∆t1 99 = 161.473 oF

ln (∆t2/∆t1) 0.6131
R = T1-T2 = 117 = 6.5
t2-t1 18
S = t2-t1 = 18 = 0.077
t1-T1 234
FT = 0.88 (Kern Fig 18)
∆t = 141.289 oF

Evaluasi Perpindahan Panas

Fluida panas; anulus, Water
1') Flow area
D2 = 2.067 = 0.172 ft
12
D1 = 1.66 = 0.138 ft
12
αa = π (D22-D12)
4
= 0.0083 ft2
 De = (D22-D12)
D1
= 0.0761 ft

2') Ga = W
αa
= 343784.482033952 lb/jam ft2

3') pada Tc = 261.5 0F

μ= 3.70E-01 cp
μ= 8.95E-01 lb/h ft
Reα = De x Ga (Kern, fig.14)
μ
= 29237.057

4') jH = 25 (Kern, fig. 24)

5') Tc = 176,384 c = 0.4 btu/lb oF (Kern, Fig. 2)

k= 0.396 btu/h ft2 (oF/ft) (Kern, tabel 4)
(cμ/k)^1/3 = 0.30148
6') ho = jH*(k/De)*(cμ/k)^1/3*(μ/μw)^0,14 (Kern, Eq. 6.15b)
= 39.195 btu/h ft2 oF
191.382143815401 kcal/h m2 oF
Fluida dingin; inner pipe, Water
1) D = 1.38 = 0.115 ft
12

ap = πD2 = 0.0104 ft2

4

2) Gp = W = 68583.24 lb/h ft2

ap

3) pada Tc = 95 oF
μ = 0.75 cp
μ = 1.815 lb/h ft (Kern, Fig. 14)
Rep = DGp
μ
= 4345.4945771473

4) jH = 38 (Kern, Fig. 24)

5) pada Tc = 95 oF
 c = 0.95 btu/lb oF (Kern, Fig. 2)
k = 0.378 btu/h ft2 (oF/ft) (Kern, Tabel 4)
(cμ/k)^1/3 = 1.521

6) hi = jH*(k/D)*(cμ/k)^1/3*(μ/μw)^0,14
189.917 btu/h ft2 oF (Kern, Eq. 6.15a)
927.331012228261 kcal/h m2 oF
7) hio = hi*(ID/OD)
157.88313253012 btu/h ft2 oF
770.913733057229 kcal/h m2 oF
8) Clean overall coefficient, Uc:
Uc = hioho
hio+ho
= 31.3999187797673 btu/h ft2 oF
153.319915916833 kcal/h m2 oF
9) Design overall coeficient, UD:
1 = 1 + Rd
UD Uc

Rd = 0.002
UD = 29.545 btu/h ft2 oF
144.260387044182 kcal/h m2 oF
10) Surface Area
A = Q
UD x ∆t
= 115.461 ft2 10.72692 m2

dari tabel 11 (kern) untuk 1 1/4 in, IPS standar pipa adalah :
IPS = 0.435 ft2
external surface per ft length
L = 265.427 ft 80.90313
hairpins 15 ft, digunakan standar panjang 52.2
jumlah hairpins 3

11) Actual Design Coefficient (Ud)

UD = Q
A ∆t
= 65.349 btu/h ft2 oF
319.088352366665 kcal/h m2 oF
12) Dirt Factor :
Rd = Uc-UD
Uc x UD
= -33.949
2051.96254164645
 = -0.0165 btu/h ft2 oF
-0.0807853131260493 kcal/h m2 oF
Pressure Drop
Fluida panas; annulus, Water
1') D'e = D2 - D1
= 0.172 - 0.138
= 0.034 ft
Re'a = D'e Ga
μ
= 13022
f = 0.0035 + 0.264
(DG/μ) ^0,42
= 0.0084
ρc = 8.92E+02 lb/ft3 s= 1
2') ∆Fa = 4 x f x Ga2 x L
2 g x ρ2 x D'e
= 478615476055.118
22552953089216.1
= 0.02122 ft 0.006468 m
3') V = G
3600 ρ
= 0.107075911624655 fps

Ft = 3V2
2g'
= 0.00053409553650237 ft 0.000163 m
∆Pa = 0.13474 psi
∆Pa yang diijinkan = 10 psi (memenuhi syarat)

Fluida dingin; inner pipe, Water

1) Rep = 4345.495
f = 0.0035 + 0.264
(DG/μ) ^0,42
= 0.01133

ρ = 55.72 s =

2) ∆Fp = 4 x f x Gp2 x L
2 g x ρ2 x D
= 25574923215.6031
298472716061.585
= 0.0856859667210795 ft 0.026117 m
 ∆Pp = ∆Fp x ρ
144
= 0.033 psi

∆Pp yang diijinkan = 10 psi (memenuhi syarat)

emp kalorik :
261.5
95
(Kern, Eq. 6.15b)
Kern, Tabel 4)

ern, Eq. 6.15a)

m
(memenuhi syarat)

1
(memenuhi syarat)
 DATA COOLER 01

Data Cp Liquid Campuran Cooler-01

Hv
Komponen A B C D
(kj/mol)
Phthalic Anhydride 49.570 -1.0563E+02 1.9840E+00 -3.8847E-03 2.8513E-06
Toluic Acid 67.760 -1.0686E+02 2.1576E+00 -4.4616E-03 3.5101E-06
Phthalide 65.500 -8.0350E+00 2.4304E+00 -3.9847E-03 1.6541E-07

BM m Cp input
T out (oC) T out (K) xi
kg/kmol kg/jam Cp (J/mol K)

148.1 1617.46 0.95419176337 256.6163574419

136.15 39.11 0.023072249 275.8836304335
110 383.15 134 38.54 0.02273598764 310.5300365265

Jumlah 1695.11 1

Cp output
Cp mix (kj/kg) Cp mix (btu/lb F) Cp (J/mol K) Cp/BM (kj/kg) Cp/BM*xi (kj/kg) Cp mix (kj/kg)

244.63310484577 1.651810296 155.209891435

262.28389356591 1.926433298 5901.02854769
191.566949617557 45.75498 347.50713894211 2.593336858 5893.74001038 11949.9784495

(Yaws . L. Carl., 1999. Chemical Properties .)

Data Konduktivitas Campuran Cooler-01

k input
Komponen A B C
log 10 k k (w/m k)
Phthalic Anhydride -1.6846 1.052 562.16 -0.9937611999 0.101446904577
Toluic Acid -0.2535 2.94E-03 -3.69E-06 0.3402895755 2.189220849066
Phthalide -0.2758 4.61E-03 -5.54E-06 0.55422093572 3.582786554502

k output
k mix (btu/lb F log 10 k k (w/m k) k*xi (w/m k) k mix (w/m k) k mix (btu/lb F

-0.92599 0.1185806230963 0.113148654

0.0546403554292293 0.23760515113 0.056751015364

 0.319841 2.0885295503584 0.048187074
0.0546403554292293 0.525637 3.3545683024514 0.076269423 0.23760515113 0.056751015364

(Yaws . L. Carl., 1999. Chemical Properties .)

Data Viskositas Campuran Cooler-01
Viskositas in
Komponen A B C D
log n
C6H6 -7.4005 1.18E+03 1.49E-02 -1.37E-05 -7.97E-01
HNO3 -3.5221 7.29E+02 3.96E-03 -2.24E-06 -5.41E-01
H2O -10.2158 1.793E+03 1.7730E-02 -1.2631E-05 -7.68E-01

Viskositas output
n mix (cp) n mix (lb/h ft) log n n (cp) n*xi n mix (cp)
-6.26E-01 2.37E-01 2.26E-01
-4.28E-01 3.73E-01 8.61E-03
1.63E-01 3.89E-02 -5.99E-01 2.52E-01 5.73E-03 2.40E-01

(Yaws . L. Carl., 1999. Chemical Properties .)

Data Densitas Liquid Campuran Cooler-01

Densitas inp
Komponen A B n Tc
ρL
C6H6 0.3009 0.2677 0.2818 562.16 718.5417498926
HNO3 0.43471 0.2311 0.1917 520 1229.242452802
H2O 0.34710 0.27400 0.28571 647.13 891.8503518198

Jumlah 2839.634554514

Densitas output
ρL mix ρL m (kg/jam) Volume (m3/jam) ρL mix
781.6401 1617.46 2.069315528 792.469628434
1351.306 39.11 0.028942366
945.4387 38.54 0.040764144
2839.63455451395

3078.385 1695.11 2.139022038

(Yaws . L. Carl., 1999. Chemical Properties .)
 T in (oC) T in (K)

160 433.15

Cp input
Cp/BM (kj/kg) Cp/BM*xi (kj/kg)

1.73272354789 1.81590704762835
2.02632119305 87.8250400804851
2.31738833229 101.926002489444

Cp mix (btu/lb F)

2854.20331745

Chemical Properties .)

k input
k*xi (w/m k) k mix (w/m k)

0.09679980077
0.05051024854
0.0814581908 0.228768240111097
Chemical Properties .)

Viskositas input
n (cp) n*xi
1.60E-01 1.52E-01
2.88E-01 6.64E-03
1.71E-01 3.88E-03

n mix (lb/h ft)

5.74E-02

Chemical Properties .)

Densitas input
m (kg/jam) Volume (m3/jam)

1617.46 2.25103134263482
39.11 0.0318163433998447
38.54 0.0432135278316137

1695.11 0.596946532188591
Chemical Properties .)
COOLER 01 (CD-101)
fungsi : Mendinginkan Keluaran Reaktor dari 160 oC menjadi 110 oC
Type : Double Pipe Heat Exchanger

1. Kondisi Operasi
a. Fluida Dingin
Massa fluida dingin (Wc) = 45.65 kg/jam
100.64482182 lb/h
Temperatur Masuk (t1) = 30 oC
86 oF
Temperatur Keluar (t2) = 40 oC
104 oF

b. Fluida Panas
Massa fluida panas (Wp) = 1695.11 kg/jam
3737.0734082 lb/h
Temperatur Masuk (T1) = 160 oC
320 oF
Temperatur Keluar (T2) = 110 oC
230 oF
Beban Cooler (Q) = 6.1651E+04 kj/jam
6.5046E+04 btu/jam
Daya (watt) 1.9122E+04 19.12151 Kw/jam
T ave = T1+T2 Temp kalorik :
2 Tc = 275
= 275 oF tc = 95
= 135 oC

2. Menentukan ∆TLMTD

ΔTLMTD = 98.652 oF

3. Menentukan koefisien overall heat transfer (Ud)

Dari tabel 8 Kern, Q. Donald hal 840 diperoleh harga Ud yaitu :
Hot fluid = Water
Cold fluid = Water
Ud = 250-500 Btu/h.ft2.oF
dipilih harga Ud = 250 Btu/h.ft2.oF

4. Menentukan luas area transfer panas (A)

 A = Qc
Ud ∆T
= 2.63737923896836 ft2
= 0.245020533251733 m2

karena ∆A < 200 ft2 maka tipe HE yang digunakan adalah double pipe
Pada pipa dalam adalah fluida dingin dan pipa luar adalah fluida panas

5. Pemilihan pipa standar

dirt factor (Rd) liquid panas = 0.001 (Kern tabel 12)
dirt factor (Rd) liquid dingin = 0.001 (Kern tabel 12)
Total dirt factor (Rd) = 0.002
∆P yang diijinkan = 10 psi
direncanakan dipakai heat exchanger, 15 ft hairpins dengan ukuran :
Outer pipe, IPS = 2 in
Inner pipe, IPS = 1 1/4 in

∆t untuk aliran cunter current :

panas dingin beda
320 suhu tinggi 104 216 ∆t2
230 suhu rendah 86 144 ∆t1
T1-T2 t2-t1 72 ∆t2-∆t1

LMTD = ∆t2-∆t1 72 = 177.574 oF

ln (∆t2/∆t1) 0.4055
R = T1-T2 = 90 = 5
t2-t1 18
S = t2-t1 = 18 = 0.077
t1-T1 234
FT = 0.88 (Kern Fig 18)
∆t = 155.377 oF

Evaluasi Perpindahan Panas

Fluida panas; anulus, Water
1') Flow area
D2 = 2.067 = 0.172 ft
12
D1 = 1.66 = 0.138 ft
12
αa = π (D22-D12)
4
= 0.0083 ft2
De = (D22-D12)
 D1
= 0.0761 ft

2') Ga = W
αa
= 451518.624987853 lb/jam ft2

3') pada Tc = 275 0F

μ= 3.70E-01 cp
μ= 8.95E-01 lb/h ft
Reα = De x Ga (Kern, fig.14)
μ
= 38399.277

4') jH = 25 (Kern, fig. 24)

5') Tc = 176,384 c = 0.4 btu/lb oF (Kern, Fig. 2)

k= 0.396 btu/h ft2 (oF/ft) (Kern, tabel 4)
(cμ/k)^1/3 = 0.30148
6') ho = jH*(k/De)*(cμ/k)^1/3*(μ/μw)^0,14 (Kern, Eq. 6.15b)
= 39.195 btu/h ft2 oF
191.382143815401 kcal/h m2 oF
Fluida dingin; inner pipe, Water
1) D = 1.38 = 0.115 ft
12

ap = πD2 = 0.0104 ft2

4

2) Gp = W = 9685.702 lb/h ft2

ap

3) pada Tc = 95 oF
μ = 0.75 cp
μ = 1.815 lb/h ft (Kern, Fig. 14)
Rep = DGp
μ
= 613.694620140933

4) jH = 38 (Kern, Fig. 24)

5) pada Tc = 95 oF
c = 0.95 btu/lb oF (Kern, Fig. 2)
 k = 0.378 btu/h ft2 (oF/ft) (Kern, Tabel 4)
(cμ/k)^1/3 = 1.521

6) hi = jH*(k/D)*(cμ/k)^1/3*(μ/μw)^0,14
189.917 btu/h ft2 oF (Kern, Eq. 6.15a)
927.331012228261 kcal/h m2 oF
7) hio = hi*(ID/OD)
157.88313253012 btu/h ft2 oF
770.913733057229 kcal/h m2 oF
8) Clean overall coefficient, Uc:
Uc = hioho
hio+ho
= 31.3999187797673 btu/h ft2 oF
153.319915916833 kcal/h m2 oF
9) Design overall coeficient, UD:
1 = 1 + Rd
UD Uc

Rd = 0.002
UD = 29.545 btu/h ft2 oF
144.260387044182 kcal/h m2 oF
10) Surface Area
A = Q
UD x ∆t
= 14.170 ft2 1.316423 m2

dari tabel 11 (kern) untuk 1 1/4 in, IPS standar pipa adalah :
IPS = 0.435 ft2
external surface per ft length
L = 32.574 ft 9.928553 m
hairpins 15 ft, digunakan standar panjang 52.2
jumlah hairpins 3

11) Actual Design Coefficient (Ud)

UD = Q
A ∆t
= 8.020 btu/h ft2 oF
39.1589987084936 kcal/h m2 oF
12) Dirt Factor :
Rd = Uc-UD
Uc x UD
= 23.380
251.819904807672
= 0.0928 btu/h ft2 oF
 0.453343500767065 kcal/h m2 oF
Pressure Drop
Fluida panas; annulus, Water
1') D'e = D2 - D1
= 0.172 - 0.138
= 0.034 ft
Re'a = D'e Ga
μ
= 17103
f = 0.0035 + 0.264
(DG/μ) ^0,42
= 0.0079
ρc = 7.92E+02 lb/ft3 s= 1
2') ∆Fa = 4 x f x G a2 x L
2 g x ρ2 x D'e
= 773330466415.046
17806751343398.3
= 0.04343 ft 0.013237 m
3') V = G
3600 ρ
= 0.158267062577899 fps

Ft = 3V2
2g'
= 0.00116685387098 ft 0.000356 m
∆Pa = 0.24542 psi
∆Pa yang diijinkan = 10 psi (memenuhi syarat)

Fluida dingin; inner pipe, Water

1) Rep = 613.695
f = 0.0035 + 0.264
(DG/μ) ^0,42
= 0.02131

ρ = 49.51 s = 1

2) ∆Fp = 4 x f x Gp2 x L
2 g x ρ2 x D
= 959592679.813098
235660022732.841
= 0.004071936634331 ft 0.001241 m
 ∆Pp = ∆Fp x ρ
144
= 0.001 psi

∆Pp yang diijinkan = 10 psi (memenuhi syarat)

FLAKER 01 (FL-01)
fungsi : Mendinginkan Keluaran COOLER dari 110 oC menjadi 35 oC
Sekaligus untuk membuat Pthalic anhidrat yang awal cair menjadi padat
Type :

1. Kondisi Operasi
a. Fluida Dingin
Massa fluida dingin (Wc) = 339.52 kg/jam
748.5117861 lb/h
Temperatur Masuk (t1) = 30 oC
86 oF
Temperatur Keluar (t2) = 40 oC
104 oF

b. Fluida Panas
Massa fluida panas (Wp) = 1695.11 kg/jam
3737.073408 lb/h
Temperatur Masuk (T1) = 110 oC
230 oF
Temperatur Keluar (T2) = 35 oC
95 oF
Beban Cooler (Q) = 4.9400E+05 kj/jam
5.2120E+05 btu/jam
Daya (watt) 1.5322E+05 153.2167 Kw/jam
T ave = T1+T2 Temp kalorik :
2 Tc = 162.5
= 162.5 oF tc = 95
= 72.5 oC

2. Menentukan ∆TLMTD

ΔTLMTD = 24.630 oF

3. Menentukan koefisien overall heat transfer (Ud)

Dari tabel 8 Kern, Q. Donald hal 840 diperoleh harga Ud yaitu :
Hot fluid = Water
Cold fluid = Water
Ud = 250-500 Btu/h.ft2.oF
dipilih harga Ud = 250 Btu/h.ft2.oF

4. Menentukan luas area transfer panas (A)

 A = Qc
Ud ∆T
= 84.64444946 ft2
= 7.863726171 m2

karena ∆A < 200 ft2 maka tipe HE yang digunakan adalah double pipe
Pada pipa dalam adalah fluida dingin dan pipa luar adalah fluida panas

5. Pemilihan pipa standar

dirt factor (Rd) liquid panas = 0.001 (Kern tabel 12)
dirt factor (Rd) liquid dingin = 0.001 (Kern tabel 12)
Total dirt factor (Rd) = 0.002
∆P yang diijinkan = 10 psi
direncanakan dipakai heat exchanger, 15 ft hairpins dengan ukuran :
Outer pipe, IPS = 2 in
Inner pipe, IPS = 1 1/4 in

∆t untuk aliran cunter current :

panas dingin beda
230 suhu tinggi 104 126 ∆t2
95 suhu rendah 86 9 ∆t1
T1-T2 t2-t1 117 ∆t2-∆t1

LMTD = ∆t2-∆t1 117 = 44.334 oF

ln (∆t2/∆t1) 2.6391
R = T1-T2 = 135 = 7.5
t2-t1 18
S = t2-t1 = 18 = 0.125
t1-T1 144
FT = 0.88 (Kern Fig 18)
∆t = 38.792 oF

Evaluasi Perpindahan Panas

Fluida panas; anulus, Water
1') Flow area
D2 = 2.067 = 0.172 ft
12
D1 = 1.66 = 0.138 ft
12
αa = π (D22-D12)
4
= 0.0083 ft2
De = (D22-D12)
 D1
= 0.0761 ft

2') Ga = W
αa
= 451518.625 lb/jam ft2

3') pada Tc = 162.5 0F

μ= 3.70E-01 cp
μ= 8.95E-01 lb/h ft
Reα = De x Ga (Kern, fig.14)
μ
= 38399.277

4') jH = 25 (Kern, fig. 24)

5') Tc = 176,384 c = 0.4 btu/lb oF (Kern, Fig. 2)

k= 0.396 btu/h ft2 (oF/ft) (Kern, tabel 4)
(cμ/k)^1/3 = 0.30148
6') ho = jH*(k/De)*(cμ/k)^1/3*(μ/μw)^0,14 (Kern, Eq. 6.15b)
= 39.195 btu/h ft2 oF
191.3821438 kcal/h m2 oF
Fluida dingin; inner pipe, Water
1) D = 1.38 = 0.115 ft
12

ap = πD2 = 0.0104 ft2

4

2) Gp = W = 72034.13 lb/h ft2

ap

3) pada Tc = 95 oF
μ = 0.75 cp
μ = 1.815 lb/h ft (Kern, Fig. 14)
Rep = DGp
μ
= 4564.145953

4) jH = 38 (Kern, Fig. 24)

5) pada Tc = 95 oF
c = 0.95 btu/lb oF (Kern, Fig. 2)
 k = 0.378 btu/h ft2 (oF/ft) (Kern, Tabel 4)
(cμ/k)^1/3 = 1.521

6) hi = jH*(k/D)*(cμ/k)^1/3*(μ/μw)^0,14
189.917 btu/h ft2 oF (Kern, Eq. 6.15a)
927.3310122 kcal/h m2 oF
7) hio = hi*(ID/OD)
157.8831325 btu/h ft2 oF
770.9137331 kcal/h m2 oF
8) Clean overall coefficient, Uc:
Uc = hioho
hio+ho
= 31.39991878 btu/h ft2 oF
153.3199159 kcal/h m2 oF
9) Design overall coeficient, UD:
1 = 1 + Rd
UD Uc

Rd = 0.002
UD = 29.545 btu/h ft2 oF
144.260387 kcal/h m2 oF
10) Surface Area
A = Q
UD x ∆t
= 454.759 ft2 42.24948 m2

dari tabel 11 (kern) untuk 1 1/4 in, IPS standar pipa adalah :
IPS = 0.435 external
ft2 surface per ft length
L = 1045.422 ft 318.6485 m
hairpins 15 ft, digunakan standar panjang 52.2
jumlah hairpins 3

11) Actual Design Coefficient (Ud)

UD = Q
A ∆t
= 257.387 btu/h ft2 oF
1256.774846 kcal/h m2 oF
12) Dirt Factor :
Rd = Uc-UD
Uc x UD
= -225.988
8081.946233
= -0.0280 btu/h ft2 oF
 -0.13653332 kcal/h m2 oF
Pressure Drop
Fluida panas; annulus, Water
1') D'e = D2 - D1
= 0.172 - 0.138
= 0.034 ft
Re'a = D'e Ga
μ
= 17103
f = 0.0035 + 0.264
(DG/μ) ^0,42
= 0.0079
ρc = 7.92E+02 lb/ft3 s= 1
2') ∆Fa = 4 x f x Ga x L
2

2 g x ρ2 x D'e
= ###
1.78068E+13
= 0.04343 ft 0.013237 m
3') V = G
3600 ρ
= 0.158267063 fps

Ft = 3V2
2g'
= 0.001166854 ft 0.000356 m
∆Pa = 0.24542 psi
∆Pa yang diijinkan = 10 psi (memenuhi syarat)

Fluida dingin; inner pipe, Water

1) Rep = 4564.146
f = 0.0035 + 0.264
(DG/μ) ^0,42
= 0.01117

ρ = 49.51 s = 1

2) ∆Fp = 4 x f x Gp2 x L
2 g x ρ2 x D
= 27815506168
2.3566E+11
= 0.11803235 ft 0.035977 m
 ∆Pp = ∆Fp x ρ
144
= 0.041 psi

∆Pp yang diijinkan = 10 psi (memenuhi syarat)