OLP 2022 Revised Guidebook

PROJECT BAYANIHAN
OPLAN LIGTAS NA PAARALAN

Revised Comprehensive Implementing Guidebook
Revised 2022
Exclusively published and distributed by
BUREAU OF FIRE PROTECTION
Agham Road, Barangay Bagong Pagasa, Quezon City
ISBN 978 – 621– 96165 – 3 – 9 SB

ISBN 978 – 621– 96165 – 4 – 6 PDF
Preface
INTRODUCTION
OPLAN LIGTAS NA PAMAYANAN (OLP) prides itself with the fact that it
PREFACE
is the only program of the BFP that has a comprehensive implementing

guidebook that ensures ease of execution for the lower units and a
standardized cause of action for everyone. It is because, the proponents
of the program believes that it is only through this strategy that we can
maximize the success of the program.
In 2019, during the first run of OLP, the Directorate for Fire Safety
Enforcement (DFSE) had issued the first volume of the OLP Implementing
Guidebook. Learning from experience and feedback from the field
units, several points where raised concerning the guidebook in terms of
things to improve and clarify.
After careful consideration, an updated version of the guidebook is

here now published by the DFSE. This Updated Implementing Guidebook
aims to provide the facilitators clearer and more user friendly guide in
implementing OLP and its activities and most importantly the delivery
of the Community Fire Protection Plan (CFPP) Workshop. Under this
updated guidebook, the CFPP Workshop is simplified into easily
deliverable modules complete with a complementing PowerPoint
presentation for each module further ensuring ease of delivery.
It is the hope of this office, that through this comprehensive

implementing guidebook, all units will be properly guided and uniformly
executes the instructions herein given. May through this guidebook, the
objectives of OLP be met and its success be achieved.
— OLP NATIONAL CONTROLLER
5
Preface
6
7
Table of contents
BOOK 1: OPLAN LIGTAS NA PAMAYANAN 9

1. HANDANG-PAMAYANAN PROGRAM 11
A. Formulation of a
COMMUNITY FIRE PROTECTION PLAN (CFPP) 12
B. BAYANIHAN PROGRAM
(Brigada ng Bayan tungo sa Ligtas
na Tahanan at Pamayanan) 13
2. KAAGAPAY PROGRAM 14
(Katuwang at Gabay sa Ligtas na Pamamahay at Pamayanan)
3. LINGAP PROGRAM 15
(Pangkaligtasan na Pagsisiyasat at Pagbibigay-alam
sa bawat tahanan)
4. COMMUNITY EVALUATION AND RECOGNITION 16
5. IMPLEMENTATION COVERAGE 17
A. Initiation or Preparatory Phase 17
B. Implementation or Action Phase 18
C. Evaluation or Turning Point Phase 19
1.) Directorate for Fire Safety Enforcement (DFSE) 19
2.) Directorate for Operation (DO) 20
3.) Directorate for Human
Resource Development (DHRD) 20
4.) Directorate for Personnel and
Records Management (DPRM) 20
5.) Directorate for Comptrollership (DC) 20
6.) Directorate for Logistics (DL) 21
7.) Directorate for Plans (DP) 21
8.) Directorate for Investigation and Intelligence (DII) 21
9.) Director for Communication and
Information Technology Management (DICTM) 22
10.) Chief, Public Information Services 22
11.) The Regional Headquarters 22
6. OUTPUT MONITORING AND PERFORMANCE APPRAISAL 23
7. BUDGETING 23
BOOK 2: BFP MEMO CIRCULAR 2022-028 27

1. SCOPE 28
2. DEFINITION OF TERMS 29
3. RATIONALE 30
4. TRAINING PROGRAM 32
A. TRAINING COURSES 32
1.) Basic Skills for Responders Training (BSR Training) 32
2.) Technical Skills for Responders Training (TSR Training) 32
8
B. PRESCRIBED PROGRAM OF INSTRUCTIONS 33
AND TRAINING ADMINISTRATION
BSR-1.) Basic Skill for Responders Course
(BSR Course) POI 33
BSR-2.) Training Administration of Basic Skills
for Responders Training (BSR Training) 34
TSR-1.) Technical Skills for Responders Training
(TSR Training) POI 37
TSR-2.) Training Administration of Technical Skills
for Responders Training (BSR Training) 38
5. ISSUANCE OF CERTIFICATE OF COMPLETION OF 39
TRAININGS, CERTIFICATE OF COMPETENCY,
IDENTIFICATION CARD AND PRESCRIBED UNIFORMS
FOR CFAG
A. Certificate of Completion of Training (CCT) and 39
Certificate of Competency (COC)
B. Membership Identification Card 41
C. DATABASE FOR ALL ISSUED CCT AND ID CARDS 42
D. CFAG Uniform 42
6. OTHER IMPLEMENTING PROVISIONS 43
A. Regional Headquarters 45
B. National Headquarters 45
7. MONITORING AND REPORTING 45
8. BUDGETARY REQUIREMENTS 46
9. REPEALING CLAUSE 46
BOOK 3: KAAGAPAY AND LINGAP PROGRAM 49

The BFP’s Public Fire Education Campaign
1. CONCEPT OF IMMERSION AND INTERVENTION FOR PUBLIC 51
FIRE EDUCATION
A. Immersion and the Designation of 51
Bumbero sa Pamayanan
1.) Designation 51
2.) Functions and Responsibilities 52
3.) Accomplishment Appraisal and Reporting 52
B. Intervention and Public Fire Education Campaigns 53
1.) House-to-House Fire Safety Survey 53
2.) Zonal Interventions 56
3.) Fire Safety Lectures and Seminars 57
4.) Drills and Simulations 58
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Table of contents
BOOK 4: STANDARDIZED CFPP WORKSHOP 62

LECTURES
0. MODULE MANUSCRIPT : MODULE 0 64
A. OPENING ACTIVITIES 64
B. DISCUSSION OF PURPOSE AND INTENTIONS 64
C. SETTING THE TONE 68
1. MODULE MANUSCRIPT: MODULE 1 74
1. Fire Protection Plan as Contingency Plan 74
2. Key concept of Fire Protection Planning 75
3. Why have a CFPP? 77
4. What is a Community Fire Protection Plan? 78
2.. MODULE MANUSCRIPT: MODULE 2 93
A. The Scenarios 113
Mobilization, Communication, Evacuation and Control 119
CFPP FORM 4 & 5 Workshops: 122
A. TEST 129
B. IMPROVE 133
BOOK 5: ANNEXES 135

ANNEX A : CFPP FORMS 135
A. RISK VULNERABILITY CHECKLIST 134
Risk Vulnerability Checklist Procedure 136
B. HOUSEHOLD FIRE SAFETY SURVEY CHECKLIST 140
C. FIRE DRILL EVALUATION CHECKLIST 141
D. CFPP WORKSHOP PLANNING TOOLS
(CFPP Forms 1-6)
1.) CAUSES – RISK ASSESSMENT REPORT 142
2.) CAPABILITIES AND NEEDS ASSESSMENT REPORT 142
3.) SCENARIO VISUALIZATION REPORT 143
4.) PREVENTION ACTIVITIES REPORT 143
5.) PUROK / SITIO FIRE RESPONSE DATA 144
6.) PREPAREDNESS GAPS AND ADJUSTMENT 145
ASSESSMENT REPORT
ANNEX B : IPCR – OPCR MATRIX 146
Sample IPCR-OPCR Target and Accomplishment Matrix
ANNEX C : DILG CIRCULAR 2019–040 152
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BOOK 1: OLP
OPLAN LIGTAS NA PAMAYANAN

BOOK 1 O.L.P.
What is OLP?
OPLAN LIGTAS NA PAMAYANAN is the BFP’s response to the ever-
growing demand for a more adoptive, comprehensive and immersive
fire protection program for the communities, rural and urban villages
and barangays. It sums up the agency’s new and improved approach
of providing a fire protection plan that will truly produce results. It
targets the most basic issue or the root of the problem of why there
are uncontrolled and ever-increasing fire incidents in residential areas
and bridges the gap by providing holistic and scientific solutions. In
the past 27 years of the BFP, various fire prevention activities had been
implemented along with innovations that, in a way, brought tangible
results. But the weak efforts and the varying directions taken rendered
the programs ineffective. In essence, OLP effectively replaces all activities
and programs previously implemented by the agency (e.g. Ugnayan sa
Barangay) and redirects all efforts into few but encompassing activities.
11
BOOK 1: OLP
Goals and Objectives
Goals:
1. An Improved Quality of Life through a Fire–Safe Community with
Proactive, Responsive, Resilient, Self-reliant and Empowered
People.
2. One Standard Community-Based Fire Protection Plan for the entire

BFP.
Objectives:
1. Increase the number of trained and organized communities, ready
and prepared as partners in fire prevention and fire suppression
efforts or initiatives by 10% every year;
2. Decrease the occurrence of fires in the most vulnerable parts of

communities by 8% every year;
3. Establish strong partnerships, through agreements, between local

government units in enforcing fire-related laws;
4. Encourage communities to develop their own Community Fire

Protection Plan based on the standard parameters;
5. Reduce the number of fire-related deaths and injuries by 5% every

year.
12
1. HANDANG-PAMAYANAN PROGRAM
A community that collectively plans and prepares for any event has the biggest
possibility of survival when “it” happens. The concept of detailed community
planning can never be discounted as an important tool in building a resilient,
well-coordinated and self-reliant people.
Under this activity, every fire station nationwide shall be a mentor of every
community in the formulation of a Community Fire Protection Plan (CFPP). The
CFPP is in essence the BFP’s counterpart for the Barangay Disaster Resilience
Preparedness Plan mandated to be prepared by the various LGUs and barangay
councils. As the BDRPP is to disaster preparedness, the CFPP is to fire incident
preparedness, only in a more specialized program.
The Handang-Pamayanan Program champions two refocused

activities that complements one another. The formulation of the
Community Fire Protection Plan (CFPP) and; the BAYANIHAN
PROGRAM (Brigada ng Bayan tungo sa Ligtas na Tahanan at
Pamayanan) where a revitalized barangay fire brigade structure and
composition is established under the new name Community Fire
Auxiliary Group or CFAG.
13
BOOK 1: OLP
A. Formulation of a
COMMUNITY FIRE PROTECTION PLAN (CFPP)
The Community Hazard Map shall be an important attachment of the

CFPP. The Hazard Map shall be composed of, but not limited to, detailed
community means of exit, evacuation routes, and
pre-determined evacuation areas and designation of hazard zoning based
from on the hazard analysis parameters.
Activity Objectives:
1. 85% of barangays in every city/municipality shall be able
to formulate their own Community Fire Protection Plan
(CFPP) in 2019 and 100% by 2020;
2. 85% of fire stations shall have formulated and posted Fire
Hazard Maps in 2019 and 100% by 2020; and,
3. 85% of barangays in all cities/municipalities shall
have individual Fire Hazard Maps in 2019 and 100% by
2020.
Activity Output:
1. All barangays nationwide installed with Individual
Community Fire Protection Plan;
2. All barangays nationwide installed with Community Fire
Hazard Maps;
3. All Fire Stations nationwide installed with Municipal / City
Fire Hazard Maps;
4. Monthly Accomplishment Report on the number of
barangays with formulated CFPP and Community Hazard
Maps; and
5. Community Simulation Drills conducted.
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B. BAYANIHAN PROGRAM
(Brigada ng Bayan tungo sa Ligtas na
Tahanan at Pamayanan)
The BAYANIHAN Program is a neighborhood-based initiative anchored

on the Filipino “bayanihan” concept which refers to the spirit of communal
unity, work and cooperation to achieve a particular goal. Herein to be
shortly referred as “Community Fire Auxiliary Group” or “CFAG” the
organization’s main responsibility is to respond to localized fire incidents
as BFP responding teams are in transit, and to promote community safety
through guided activities by the BFP. It is a structured organization of
volunteer residents clustered by sitio/purok, by neighborhood blocks or
by a number of households in a barangay. They shall be trained and
monitored by the fire station concerned through the designated Bumbero
sa Barangay.
In essence, the CFAG answers the need for a singular form in terms
of structure, duties and responsibility for the currently established
barangay fire brigades. The new structure allows the organization to be
more sustainable as it will be mandatorily be led by the local officials and
more effective in operation as their composition covers all the aspect of a
firefighting operation.
Activity Objectives: 4. Conduct of CFAG

firefighting contests at
1. 35-50% of cities / all levels.
municipalities have
established and
trained CFAGs in the Activity Output:
first two years of the
program (2019-2020), 1. CFAGs created and
65-80% in three years, trained;
and 100% in five years 2. BAYANI NG
(2021-2023); BARANGAY as Fire
2. 100% of all established Safety Advocacy
CFAG members Group in the social
trained and re-trained media; and,
annually; 3. Barangay Fire Safety
3. Creation of active Contests at all levels.
social media account
for CFAG as fire safety
advocacy portal; and
15
BOOK 1: OLP
2. KAAGAPAY PROGRAM
(Katuwang at Gabay sa Ligtas na
Pamamahay at Pamayanan)
The Bumbero sa Pamayanan is the coordinator and lead of all the programs of
the city/municipal fire station in the community. They are expected to deliver the
bulk of this program. They shall be immersed in the community to establish strong
partnerships and deep concern to for the residents. They are likewise expected to
rekindle the spirit of bayanihan among the residents to establish the very foundation
of this program.
Activity Objective:
100% of barangays to be with designated/assigned Bumbero
sa Pamayanan.
Activity Output:
Monthly accomplishment report of conducted activities.
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3. LINGAP PROGRAM
(Pangkaligtasan na Pagsisiyasat at
Pagbibigay-alam sa bawat tahanan)
The LINGAP is a program focused on the extensive conduct of house-to-house
fire safety surveys in densely-populated residential communities, neighborhoods,
settlements and areas identified as fire-prone areas by the station having
jurisdiction through the CFPP. This can be a deterrent measure primarily in
identified high-risk areas of the community considered most vulnerable to fire.
Correction or immediate abatement of hazards will avoid the possible occurrence
of destructive fires.
Activity Objectives:
1. Reduce fire incidents by 8% in residential and community
areas through direct prevention interventions in 2019 and
3% every year thereafter;
2. Inspect 30% of households in high-hazard areas in 2019
and an increase of 5% every year thereafter; and,
3. Distribute fire safety informative materials to 34% of
households in high-hazard areas and 10% for medium and
low-hazard areas in 2019 and an increase of 5% every year
thereafter.
Activity Output
Monthly accomplishment report of conducted activities.
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BOOK 1: OLP
4. COMMUNITY EVALUATION AND

RECOGNITION
A certificate with BAYANIHAN SEAL of a fire-safe community shall be

conferred on barangays who comply with the activities under this OPLAN. The
City/Municipal Fire Marshal shall recommend to the Regional Director those
compliant barangays for the conferment of the certificate. With a certification
from the C/MFM, the seal shall be given to qualified recipients. The BAYANIHAL
SEAL shall be subject to annual renewal to ensure that such safe condition of the
community is maintained at all times.
An annual search shall be conducted and the conferment made during the
celebration of the BFP Anniversary.
List of yearly awardees, compliant and non-compliant barangays with the

terms of this program shall be submitted to the Department of the Interior and
Local Government for reference.
Policy and guidelines for this program will be issued separately.
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5. IMPLEMENTATION COVERAGE
There shall be three (3) major phases in its implementation: (1) Initiation or
Preparatory Phase; (2) Implementation or Action Phase; and, (3) Evaluation or
Turning-Point Phase.
A. Initiation or Preparatory Phase
Initiation or Preparatory Phase shall start immediately upon approval

of this plan. The activities involved in this phase shall be the following:
1.) Coordination with stakeholders;
2.) Crafting and signing of agreements with key players, i.e. the
barangays;
3.) Budget planning or inclusion of the activities in 2019 PPMP and

APP and onwards;
4.) Formulation of guidelines, standard operating procedures,

modules, and reportorial forms and other forms for the project
component activities;
5.) Target setting for CY 2019 to be reflected in the OPCR and IPCR;
6.) Completion of all other requisites of the plan; and,
7.) Crafting of implementing plans for this Oplan by the regions.
These activities shall be completed before the end of 2018.

Hence, compliance shall be closely monitored to guarantee a smooth
implementation in 2019 and onwards.
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BOOK 1: OLP
B. Implementation or Action Phase
Implementation or Action Phase shall start in January 2019. All regions

are expected to deliver the required activity output which shall conform
with the minimum requirement of every program component. There shall
be a monitoring of monthly accomplishments which shall conform with
minimum required accomplishment provided in each program of this
plan to gauge the success of its implementation. Those who shall fall
behind the minimum required output in any quarter of the year shall be
made to explain the reasons behind such low performance. If subsequently
the same performance prevails in the succeeding quarter, subject head of
office shall be considered to have failed in achieving the goals of this plan
and, thus, shall be subject to the rules governing such failed performance
under the policy to be provided for this purpose.
To ensure that the program will be implemented effectively, all regional

offices shall ensure that appropriate funding shall be allocated for the
program. Considering budget availability, the following implementation
coverage can be observed.
One to One (1:1) Plan:

Under this plan, at least one barangay per city/municipality shall be
implemented with the program for the initial stage of implementation,
gradually adding one more area every year. Considering that this program
directly reduces the targets, the regional office and the local fire stations
shall focus the implementation of the program in areas with high
occurrences or frequency of fire incidents.
Concentrated Plan:
Under this plan, the regional office shall identify the fire stations to
initially implement the program and focus all resources in those areas. The
selection shall be based on the necessity of implementing the program in
areas considering the number of occurrences or frequency of fire incidents
recorded. For the succeeding year, other stations can be added increasing
the coverage of the implementation of the program. In this plan, all cities
and highly urbanized municipalities must be the top priority.
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C. Evaluation or Turning Point Phase
Evaluation or Turning Point Phase. Two years after the implementation

of the plan, the evaluation phase for the programs under this plan shall
start. The feedback from the implementing units shall be collated and
studied to further enhance all the activities that need improvement or
termination. There shall be an impact analysis conducted at every end of
the year prior to and during the evaluation phase to determine whether
the stated objectives and goals are being achieved. The results of the
impact analysis shall serve as basis for policy support, plan update, or
further development of programs.
This plan requires equal commitment from various offices of the BFP.
To secure the success of its implementation from initiation to evaluation
phase, the following responsibilities are herein enumerated:
1.) Directorate for Fire Safety Enforcement (DFSE)
a.) Shall assist the Chief, BFP in the formulation of guidelines,

relative to the fire prevention and enforcement component of
the program.
b.) Shall serve as the primary office responsible for the updating
of this program.
c.) Shall create and designate members of the composite
program development team responsible for the updating and
continual development of the individual components of the
program and shall perform other coordination activities for
that purpose.
d.) Shall develop the training guide for the CFAG with the help of
concerned Directorates.
e.) Shall develop a template for the Community Fire Protection
Plan.
f.) Shall develop the detailed program implementation plan of
the Community Fire Safety Seal and Community Fire Safety
Award and other necessary auxiliary documentation for this
activity.
21
BOOK 1: OLP
2.) Directorate for Operation (DO)

relative to the protocol and rules of engagement involving the
Community Fire Auxiliary Group as a component of BFP fire
suppression units;
b.) Shall assist the DFSE in the formulation of a training module
for the competency-building program of CFAGs
c.) Issue corresponding directives in support of the fulfillment of
this plan and its component activities.
3.) Directorate for Human Resource Development

(DHRD)

relative to personnel management, personnel accounting
and other related concerns of this program or its component
activities.
b.) Issue corresponding directives in support of the fulfillment of
4.) Directorate for Personnel and Records Management

(DPRM)
a.) Facilitate the personnel strength requirement of the program,

from designation of fully capable and competent staff to
issuing proper directives to ensure the success of the program.
b.) Ensure that all objectives and desired outputs of this plan are
reflected and achieved through the existing Office/Individual
Performance Commitments.
c.) Provide the standard design or template for the CFAG
members’ identification card.
5.) Directorate for Comptrollership (DC)

relative to finance management, budgeting and other related
concerns of this plan.
b.) Shall facilitate and ensure that appropriate funding is provided
for the activities to be implemented for this plan.
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6.) Directorate for Logistics (DL)
a.) Shall assist the Chief, BFP in the formulation of guidelines

relative to logistical capabilities, procurement of important
supplies, and assets necessary in the execution of the activities
to be developed in this plan.
b.) Facilitate and ensure inclusion in the Annual Procurement
Plans (APP) of all requirements of the activities in this plan for
its smooth implementation in the regions.
7.) Directorate for Plans (DP)

relative to every unit’s conformity to the unified standards
promulgated by the office in connection with ISO 9001:2015
certification and other government-based agencies prescribed
monitoring tools.
b.) Shall facilitate and ensure proper monitoring of listed activities
to be duly reflected in the PPMPs of every region as part of
their priority program.
c.) Ensure the inclusion of community-based programs in plans
and projects as part of fire prevention initiatives of the BFP.
d.) Issue corresponding directives in support of the fulfillment of
8.) Directorate for Investigation and Intelligence (DII)
a.) Provide the directorate in charge of development of this

program and all other offices with relevant and needed
information and data for the development and updating of
this Oplan.
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BOOK 1: OLP
9.) Director for Communication and Information

Technology Management (DICTM)

policy and programs on communication and information,
particularly on the development of an updated and reliable
web-based software for the timely and accurate monitoring
of accomplishments nationwide relative to this plan.
this program or its component reformed activities.
10.) Chief, Public Information Services
a.) Shall collaborate with other entities for the popularization of

the activities hereto incorporated, through Quad Media.
b.) Shall assist the DFSE in the distribution of fire safety
information materials, official banners, and other materials
pertaining to the activities.
c.) Cause the posting in the PIS official website or social media all
related fire safety materials for this program or its component
reformed activities.
d.) Shall develop advertisement materials such as, but not
limited to, Audio Visual Presentations for the promotion of the
activity components of this plan.
11.) The Regional Headquarters
a.) Shall oversee the execution of the programs and all its
component activities by all the units within its area of
responsibility (AOR).
b.) Shall formulate implementing plans (Implan) for this plan to
be observed by all the units within its AOR.
c.) Shall ensure programming of appropriate funding for its
yearly execution to be incorporated as a regular activity in
the region’s yearly Project Procurement Management Plan
(PPMP).
d.) Shall ensure the inclusion of the plan component activities
in its OPCR and of all it units by closely monitoring its
achievements vis-à-vis those targets set as part of the BFP
Performance Appraisal System.
e.) Shall religiously submit monthly consolidated report of the
accomplishment made by its units in relation to this plan.
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6. OUTPUT MONITORING AND
PERFORMANCE APPRAISAL
The implementation of this project shall form part of the targets and
performance that shall be rated periodically under the existing performance
appraisal system of the BFP. Monthly monitoring will be imposed to ensure
strict compliance and implementation of the program.
7. BUDGETING
This program shall follow a pre-set per capita budgeting system based on
population, number of identified vulnerable communities, actual materials
and supplies needed and number of activities. Considering that the activities
indicated in this program are essential/integral parts of the BFP’s Major Final
Output, all concerned units are hereby directed to ensure that appropriate
funding for the program is duly reflected in their Project Procurement
Management Plans (PPMP) and Annual Procurement Plans (APP) in every
fiscal year. (See Annex A-3)
The Community Fire Auxiliary Group or CFAG, established under the

BAYANIHAN Program, is a neighborhood-based organization anchored on
the Filipino “bayanihan” concept of communal unity, work, and cooperation
to achieve a particular goal. Its main responsibilities are: responding to
localized fire incidents as BFP responding teams are in transit, and promoting
community safety through activities guided by the BFP. It is a structured
organization of volunteers, composed of local residents, clustered by sitio /
purók, neighborhood blocks or by number of households in every barangay.
They shall be trained and monitored by the fire station concerned through
the designated Bumbero sa Barangay.
In this chapter, organizing such groups will be discussed, and the basic
guiding principles, procedures, structure, functions and training activities
will be presented. In order to foster uniformity in organizing such groups, all
units are constrained to follow this manual.
25
BOOK 1: OLP
26
BOOK 2: CFAG
BFP MEMORANDUM CIRCULAR

2022 - 028
GUIDELINES IN THE CONDUCT AND

BOOK 2
ADMINISTRATION OF TRAINING
FOR MEMBERS OF THE COMMUNITY
FIRE AUXILIARY GROUP (CFAG),
FIRE VOLUNTEERS, COMPANY FIRE
BRIGADES AND OTHER PURPOSES.
27
BOOK 2: CFAG
1. SCOPE
This circular covers the conduct and administration of trainings, issuance of

Certificate of Completion of Training (CCT), Membership Identification Cards and
use of uniforms for the Community Fire Auxiliary Group (CFAG), Fire Volunteers
and Company Fire Brigades.
REFERENCES
1. Approved OPLAN LIGTAS NA PAMAYANAN Policy Guidelines;
2. DILG Memorandum Circular No. 2019-040 institutionalizing the

Implementation of OPLAN LIGTAS NA PAMAYANAN in all barangays
nationwide; and
3. Rule 6 of RA 9514 The Fire Code of the Philippines of 2008 Revised

Implementing Rules and Regulations.
28
2. DEFINITION OF TERMS
• Basic Skill for Responders (BSR) Training – the first and awareness level
training program designed to provide the fire brigades with the basic fire-
fighting and emergency response skills and competencies.
• Certificate of Completion of Training (CCT) – a certification issued by the

BFP to any individual who successfully completed the prescribed program
of instructions of the Basic Skill for Responders (BSR) Training.
• Community Fire Auxiliary Group (CFAG) – the re-structured Barangay

Fire Brigade established under the BAYANIHAN Program of OPLAN LIGTAS
NA PAMAYANAN. A group of individuals in the community tasked with
becoming the first responders and force multipliers of the BFP during fire
emergencies.
• Fire Brigade – a collective term that refers to a group of firefighters,

primarily performing fire suppression activities in specified areas such as,
but not limited to, community/barangay, company, and other government
and non-government establishments. For the purpose of this policy, the
fire brigade herein referred to shall be the Company Fire Brigades.
• Fire Volunteer – a person who voluntarily enters into firefighting service

through a Fire Volunteer Organization (FVO) and undergo the same
discipline as that of BFP firefighters.
• Fire Volunteer Organization (FVO) – an organized group of private

firefighters; recognized by the BFP, who have voluntarily formed
themselves to perform fire-related activities.
• Mission Order – a written order issued by the Fire Marshal to OLP Team
Leaders authorizing the conduct of various activities prescribed in the
OLP.
• Technical Skills for Responders (TSR) Training – the second and

specialized training program designed to provide members of the CFAG
with specialized and technical expertise in the various units such as
emergency medical first responders, rescue, traffic and evacuation
control, incident command and others.
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BOOK 2: CFAG
3. RATIONALE
Community preparedness is the first line of defense for any type of emergency
be it natural or man-made. A community able to respond immediately to
calamities is the epitome of community preparedness and a testament to unity
and people empowerment. It is therefore the responsibility of all agencies tasked
with responding to natural and man-made emergencies to build and increase the
capabilities of every community in the country by establishing a first line of
defense or first responders.
With the implementation of OPLAN LIGTAS NA PAMAYANAN or OLP, the

establishment of the Community Fire Auxiliary Groups or CFAG is one of the BFP’s
primary goals as it increases the capabilities of communities in responding to fire
emergencies. The hazard mapping and hazard analysis as well as the creation
of the Community Fire Protection Plan (CFPP) complemented by establishing a
fully functioning and organized first responders. This, for the BFP, completes all
the layer of protection for the community through hazard analysis, contingency
planning and immediate response procedures.
Under the Revised Implementing Rules and Regulations of RA 9514, Rule

6 “govern the organization, equipage, operation, and proficiency training of
company and community fire brigades as well as continuous training and
competency evaluation of fire volunteers and fire volunteer organizations in the
country who shall undergo mandatory fire prevention, fire suppression, rescue,
emergency medical services and other related emergency response training
programs and competency evaluations to be conducted by the BFP.” Whereas,
Division 3 of the same Rule dictates the conduct of training to said fire brigades
that says;
SECTION 6.0.3.2 TRAINING DESIGN
A training design shall be developed by the BFP for fire volunteers,

fire volunteer organizations, fire brigades and fire safety
practitioners. Members shall be required to complete the specified
program of instruction.
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SECTION 6.0.3.3 SCOPE OF TRAINING
A. All members of the fire brigade, fire volunteer and fire

volunteer organizations shall undergo training on fire prevention,
fire suppression, rescue, emergency medical services and related
emergency response. The training program shall be adapted to the
purpose of the particular brigade. It shall include fire suppression
strategies, tactics, techniques and the use of portable fire
extinguishers and other equipment, devices and tools.
B. In the case of fire safety practitioners, they shall undergo

mandatory continuous professional education and competency
evaluation of their expertise, knowledge and skills in the areas of
fire science, engineering and technology to be conducted by the
BFP.
Recognizing the vital role of the CFAG, Fire Brigades and Fire Volunteers as
the BFP’s immediate force-multiplier in times of fire emergencies, it is therefore
necessary that the BFP institutionalizes the trainings and administration of these
groups in order to further elevate their status as fully recognized emergency first
responders in the community. Hence, this policy.
OBJECTIVES
1. Provide basic skills and capabilities to Community Fire Auxiliary

Group members, Fire Brigades and Fire Volunteers through
appropriate training programs responsive to their needs and
capabilities;
2. Increase the number of trained CFAG members by 15% every

year following the targeted number of CFAG to be established
nationwide and provide continuous enhancement trainings every
year thereafter; and
3. Ensure the competency based training for fire volunteers and fire
brigades nationwide.
31
BOOK 2: CFAG
4. TRAINING PROGRAM
A. TRAINING COURSES
The training program for the CFAG, Fire Brigades and Fire Volunteers
shall be divided into two levels based on the level of competency that
certain units of the group should possess. These two levels are;
1.) Basic Skills for Responders Training (BSR Training) – the first
and awareness level training program designed to provide the
responders with the basic fire-fighting and emergency response
skills and competencies. This training shall be given to; all who
wish or nominated as members of the CFAG prior to being officially
recognized as members; members of company fire brigades; and
members of fire volunteer organizations.
2.) Technical Skills for Responders Training (TSR Training) – the

second and specialized training program designed to provide
members of the CFAG, Fire Brigades and Fire Volunteers a
specialized and technical expertise in the various units such as
emergency medical first responders, rescue, traffic and evacuation
control, incident command and others.
32
B. PRESCRIBED PROGRAM OF INSTRUCTIONS AND
TRAINING ADMINISTRATION
Each level shall observe the following prescribed program of

instructions subject to administration procedures. To wit:
BSR-1.) Basic Skill for Responders Course (BSR Course) POI
SOURCE TIME
SUBJECT DESCRIPTION
MATERIAL ALLOTMENT
Introduction to concept of fire, its

Concepts of Fire chemistry, causes, growth and 60 Minutes
source.
Introduction to various firefighting

Firefighting Tools
tools, personal protective
and Equipment 60 Minutes
equipment, apparatus, and other SAFE
means of protection. SCHOOL
INITIATIVE:
Training
Introduction to fire behavior Guide
Fire Operation indicators, stages of fire, phases for First
Responders 60 Minutes
Strategies ** of fire operation, fire response
capabilities
Introduction to various strategies

Fire Fighting used in fighting fire including
60 Minutes
Strategies ** conventional and unconventional
methods.
Practical
Actual demonstration of the Evaluation
Demonstration 240 Minutes
concepts discussed. Checklist
and Evaluation**
480 Minutes
TOTAL TIME REQUIRED
(8 HOURS)
Note: ** Refers to topics than can be expanded or extended depending on the

assessment of the Fire Marshal especially for training of Fire Volunteers. However,
extension shall not exceed to double the specified time frame.
33
BOOK 2: CFAG
BSR-2.) Training Administration of Basic Skills for

Responders Training (BSR Training)
Conduct of the BSR Training shall conform to the following

regulations.
a.) All nominated members of the CFAG, Fire Brigades and Fire
Volunteers shall undergo the BSR Training prior to official
admission to the group.
b.) The training shall be administered by the BFP through its
designated OLP Facilitators and Bumbero sa Barangay.
Training materials shall be prepared by both the BFP and the
barangay although it is highly encouraged that materials for
the practical demonstration be provided by the barangay as
they can use said materials for their regular and succeeding
drills.
c.) A standardized training manuscript will be made available
by the Directorate for Fire Safety and Enforcement (DFSE)
through its Fire Safety Information Division (FSID) in
collaboration with the Directorate for Operations (DO) subject
to regular updating. However, nothing delimits the lecturers
or facilitators to upgrade their lecture materials to what they
believe more interactive to their target audience.
d.) The Bumbero sa Barangay shall coordinate with the Barangay
Officials and the Chief, CFAG, Fire Brigade and Fire Volunteer
for the date and time of the BSR Training. It will be endorsed to
the C/MFM who shall likewise issue a Mission Order authorizing
the conduct of the same.
e.) Prior to training, the designated Bumbero sa Barangay through
the barangay officials shall cause the registration of all CFAG,
Company Fire Brigades and Fire Volunteer applicants using
the prescribed Admission Form. For the CFAG, said form shall
serve as the official registration document for CFAG members
in the barangay. Said lists shall be submitted for recording at
the National Headquarters through the DFSE.
34
f.) The prescribed training time requirement should be
administered in one seating and cannot be divided into
two or more separate dates except for Fire Volunteer
Organization.
g.) Pursuant to Section 6.0.3.1 of RA 9514 RIRR, there shall be
two types of certificates that will be issued; a Certificate
of Completion of Training (CCT) and Certificate of
Competency (COC). The CCT shall be issued to all trainees
who satisfactorily completed the training to be signed
and issued by the Provincial/District Fire Marshal duly
recommended by the City/Municipal Fire Marshal. The CCT
issued shall serve as a requirement for the issuance of COC
for Fire Volunteers and Fire Volunteer Organizations which
will be issued by the Regional Director.
h.) Pursuant to the same provision of the Fire Code, for Fire
Volunteers and Fire Volunteer Organizations, in addition to
completion of training, the COC will only be issued upon
submission of the following documentary requirements.
i.) Certificate of Completion of Training (CCT);
ii.) Personal profile;
iii.) Certificate of employment, in the case of fire
safety practitioners; and
iv.) Other documents the BFP may require subject to
future issuance by the BFP NHQ.
i.) For CFAG only the CCT will be issued unless said group is
registered separately to other government office as a fully
functioning volunteer fire brigade/organization.
j.) Along with the CCT and COC a Membership Identification
Card shall also be issued subject to the guidelines in this
circular.
35
BOOK 2: CFAG
k.) All Identification Cards for CFAG, Company Fire Brigade

and Fire Volunteers shall be signed and issued by the
Regional Director having jurisdiction as recommended by
the C/MFM and the Regional Chief, CRS.
l.) After every training, the Bumbero sa Barangay or training
facilitators shall submit the Memorandum Re: OLP Mission
Report to the C/MFM as basis for the issuance of certificates.
The format of said report shall follow the approved ISO
format BFP-QSF-FSID-003 Rev. (07.09.19).
m.) All issued CCT and Membership ID should be uploaded in a
database established by the DFSE supported by a QR code
reflected in the Identification Cards.
n.) Conduct of BSR trainings, the issuance of CCT and
fabrication of Membership Identification Cards for CFAG
shall be FREE OF CHARGE for the participants.
o.) Operating and miscellaneous expenses in the
administration of the BSR shall be provided for by the
Regional Office as part of their regular budget programing.
This includes expenses for the issuance of Identification
Cards and CCT.
p.) However, for Company Fire Brigades, Fire Volunteers and
Volunteer Organizations, training of BSR will not be free
and subject to the following conditions:
i.) Only the Fire Drill Fee and Fire Safety Seminar Fees
not exceeding Three Thousand Pesos (P3000.00) as
provided for in Rule 12 of RA 9514 Revised IRR shall
be collected from Fire Volunteers and Company Fire
Brigades undergoing Training paid per instance or
per training.
ii.) Essential training expenses such as printing of
training manuscripts, training paraphernalia, fuel to
be used during demonstration and other materials
shall be shouldered by the requesting party.
q.) BFP Officers or personnel who were found to be charging
other that what is herein prescribed shall be subjected to
Moto Propio investigation by the Regional Director.
36
TSR-1.) Technical Skills for Responders Training (TSR
Training) POI
Unlike the BSR wherein there is a prescribed program of

instruction, the TSR does not because it adopts various training
modules and programs from the BFP as well as other agencies that
developed the same. The following are the initial recommended
technical training Trainings that can be offered to the CFAG.
TRAINING PROGRAM LEAD AGENCY
Bureau of Fire Protection,

Medical First Responder Training Red Cross of the Philippines
Advance Firefighting Strategies Bureau of Fire Protection
Basic Rope Rescue Training (BRRT) Bureau of Fire Protection
Incident Command System Trainings Office of Civil Defense
Community First Responders

Office of Civil Defense
Basic Training
Philippine National Police – HPG,

Traffic Control and Protocols with
Land Transportation Office,
leaning to emergency traffic control
Metro Manila Development Authority
37
BOOK 2: CFAG
TSR-2.) Training Administration of Technical Skills for

Responders Training (BSR Training)
Conduct of the TSR Training shall conform to the following regulations.
a.) The conduct of TSR is RECOMMENDATORY. Meaning, the BFP’s

role is simply to recommend such trainings and inform the CFAG,
Company Fire Brigades and Fire Volunteers of its importance. The
Bumbero sa Barangay shall encourage the these groups to give
time to acquire such trainings.
b.) For trainings that can be offered by the BFP or those wherein
the BFP have the expertise such as Rope Rescue, EMS and other
training, administration of said trainings is subject to a fee of Two
Thousand Pesos (P2000.00) per training collected under the label
of Fire Prevention and Safety Seminar. Other essential training
expenses such as printing of training manuscripts, training
paraphernalia, food and other materials shall be shouldered by
the requesting party.
c.) Certificates for said trainings shall be issued by the BFP facilitating
the training duly signed by the City/Municipal Fire Marshal and the
Provincial/District Fire Marshal.
d.) However, for trainings offered and administered by other agencies,
the BFP shall only facilitate and assist in the conduct of said
trainings. Organization of said trainings shall be taken charged by
the group requesting such training with the assistance from the
Bumbero sa Barangay.
e.) CFAG, Company Fire Brigades and Fire Volunteers may acquire
multiple trainings depending on their needs and personal
capability enhancements.
38
5. ISSUANCE OF CERTIFICATE OF
COMPLETION OF TRAININGS,
CERTIFICATE OF COMPETENCY,
IDENTIFICATION CARD AND
PRESCRIBED UNIFORMS FOR CFAG
A. Certificate of Completion of Training (CCT) and
Certificate of Competency (COC)
A Certificate of Completion of Training (CCT) shall be issued to CFAG

and Company Fire Brigade members and a Certificate of Competency
(COC) for Volunteer Fire Brigades who have undergone and completed
the Basic Skill for Responders Training Training (BSR). The certificates
shall follow the prescribed format provided for by BFP NHQ and shall
contain the following:
1.) Certification of completion of conducted training from the
City/Municipal Fire Marshal (both CCT and COC);
2.) The signature of the Provincial Fire Marshal (PFM) having
jurisdiction (for CCT);
3.) The signature of the Regional Director having jurisdiction
(for COC); and
4.) A control number registered to the local fire station who
administered the training.
39
BOOK 2: CFAG
The control number shall follow the format;
CFAG CCT - XXXXX - XXXX - XXXX

Series Number
0001 - 1000+
Year Issued
(2019, etc)
Abbreviations : Fire Station Unit Code
(16000)
CFAG for Community Fire Auxiliary Group
CFB for Community Fire Brigades
VFB for Volunteer Fire Brigades
CCT UNIFORMED FORMAT
Material Specification:
Size: A4 (21 cm by 29.7 cm)
Publication: Triplicate
1st Copy – Clear Original: Participant
2nd Copy – Draft Original: Issuing Fire Station
3rd Copy – Digital/Soft Copy for Filing of the OP/DPFM
Material – Book Paper 80-120 GSM
40
B. Membership Identification Card
All CFAG, Company Fire Brigade members and Fire Volunteers with
issued CCT or COC shall be issued with an identification card signifying
formal membership to the same. The Identification Card to be deemed
official shall bear the signature of the issuing authority of the CCT or COC
having jurisdiction and control number of the issued CCT/COC.
The ID card shall have the format:
FRONT
1 in x 1 in size Photo in
white background
QR Code containing
copy of CCT
BACK
Material Specification:
Size : 3.38 in (W) x 2.13 in (H)
Material : PVC Card (Primary Option)
Laminated Paper (Last Option)
41
BOOK 2: CFAG
Variations of ID Front Side for Company Fire Brigade and Fire Volunteers:
C. DATABASE FOR ALL ISSUED CCT AND ID CARDS
The Regional Director thru the Regional Community Relations Section

shall create a centralized database of all issued CCT for every year where the
validity of the CCT can be verified at any given time. The Database shall be
subject to the information required in the CCT and shall be maintained and
secured pursuant to existing data privacy laws.
D. CFAG Uniform
All CFAG members with issued Certificate of Completion of Training (CCT)

and Membership Identification Card are authorized to wear uniforms bearing
the name Bureau of Fire Protection-Community Fire Auxiliary Group or an
acronym representation of BFP-CFAG at the back or front of their uniform.
Design, color and or style may vary depending on the preference of the LGU
as it will serve as their own pride and distinction.
Tactical uniforms, t-shirts or polo shirts may be used for the CFAG
uniforms. Said uniforms should be worn during official gatherings such as
drills, ceremonies or municipal, provincial or regional firefighting Olympics
and other exercises.
42
6. OTHER IMPLEMENTING PROVISIONS
In order to ensure orderly and smooth implementation of this policy the
following guidelines should be observed. To wit:
1. The mandate to train CFAG, Fire Volunteers and Company Fire

Brigades shall be given to the City/Municipal Fire Marshals subject
to annual budget programing of the Regional Director.
2. Validity of the CCT, COC and Identification Cards shall be subject

to the following conditions:
Certificate of Certificate of
Identification
Organization Completion of Competency
Card
Training (CCT) (COC)
Community Fire
Auxiliary Groups Three Years N/A Three Years
(CFAG)
Three Years or
Company Fire Until separated
One Year N/A
Brigades from the
company
Fire Volunteers,
Volunteer Three Years Three Years Three Years
Organizations
3. All COC’s and Identification Cards to Fire Volunteers and Fire

Volunteer Organizations issued prior to the issuance of this
circular are hereby deemed valid until the condition set above
counted from date of issuance.
43
BOOK 2: CFAG
4. There is no need to retrain CFAG, Company Fire Brigades, Fire

Volunteers and Volunteer Organizations with valid CCT, COC
and IDs. However, once expired, the subsequent trainings shall
conform to the provisions of this circular.
5. Training of CFAG members can be done all throughout the year

depending on the agreed schedule with the barangay council or
LGU’s.
6. All trainings conducted shall be monitored by the OLP National

Controller through submitted monthly reports by the Regional
and Municipal OLP Controllers.
7. Both the Regional CRS and the OLP National Controller shall
maintain a database of all trained and issued CCT CFAG, Fire
Volunteers and Company Fire Brigades. Regular status reports
shall be submitted to the Chief, BFP ATTN: Director, Directorate
for Plans and Director, Directorate for Operations.
8. Proper documentation through pictures and video documentation

should be made to support the conduct of said trainings. The
videos should likewise be posted to the station’s official Facebook
accounts as part of the social media awareness campaign of the
OLP.
9. Considering the restrictions brought about by the COVID-19

Pandemic, training via Online Seminar Platforms should be the
primary mode of training. Physical or face-to-face trainings are
allowed provided that the barangay, city/municipality is not under
strict quarantine protocols and should be permitted by the LGU.
Adherence to existing public health protocols should be stringently
observed.
44
7. MONITORING AND REPORTING
All conducted trainings shall be duly monitored by both the
Regional Headquarters and the National Headquarters through
these monitoring and reporting procedures.
A. Regional Headquarters
1.) The Regional Director, through the Chief, Regional Community

Relations Section (RCRS) shall monitor all conducted trainings in
the cities and municipalities in their AOR.
2.) All units shall use the prescribed Training Monitoring Form to be
issued by the National Headquarters in preparing the reports and
must be consolidated in the provincial office and subsequently the
regional headquarters.
B. National Headquarters
1.) The Director for Fire Safety and Enforcement, through the Chief,
Fire Safety Information Division (FSID) shall monitor all conducted
trainings in the cities and municipalities as submitted by the
regional headquarters.
2.) The DFSE through the FSID shall have the authority to conduct
actual field monitoring in order to validate the conduct of trainings
and shall recommend to the Chief, BFP recommendations relative
to their observations.
45
BOOK 2: CFAG
8. BUDGETARY REQUIREMENTS
All Regional Directors are herein directed to incorporate in their Annual

Program Procurement and Management Plan (PPMP) the funding requirements
for office supplies needed for the conduct and administration of trainings as
well as the issuance of the CCT and Membership Identification Cards.
The Director for Fire Safety and Enforcement, Director for Comptrollership
and Director for Logistics BFP-NHQ are hereby likewise enjoined to facilitate the
procurement of PVC ID Making Machines for every region. Said machines are vital
equipment for the operation of the region and in the success of the program.
9. REPEALING CLAUSE
This memorandum circular effectively amends and repeal

Memorandum Circular Number 2010-016 and 2010-017; and
any other policies previously issued for the conduct of training
and administration of training for fire volunteers, barangay and
company fire brigades.
46
47
BOOK 2: CFAG
48
BOOK 3: KAAGAPAY AND LINGAP PROGRAM
KAAGAPAY AND
LINGAP PROGRAM
The BFP’s Public Fire Education

BOOK 3
Campaign
Overview
Under this module, the concept of a truly immersive

community fire prevention will be laid down. The principles
guiding the Kaagapay and Lingap programs involve the immersion
of fire service personnel in the field, the communities, informal
settlements and even homes in order to evaluate vulnerabilities to
fire, and implement immediate remedial measures to prevent fire,
or the interventions needed. This immersive and interventional
approach to fire safety in communities will directly address the
problems at the very same place where the problem effectively
starts. This interaction between the BFP and the community itself
through its residents is the key to a wholistic and comprehensive
fire safety and prevention program.
49
Output and Objectives
Module Objectives
1. To provide a functional guide for the Bumbero sa Barangay
to institute fire prevention activities in the communities as
envisioned by Oplan Ligtas na Pamayanan.
2. Clearly and thoroughly discuss the concept of immersive,

interventional and interactive approach to community fire safety.
Expected Output
1. Designated Bumbero sa Barangay
2. House-to-House Fire Safety Survey
3. Drills and Simulations
4. Lectures and Seminars
5. Monthly Accomplishment report of Activities
50
1. CONCEPT OF IMMERSION AND
INTERVENTION FOR PUBLIC
FIRE EDUCATION
A. Immersion and the Designation of Bumbero

sa Pamayanan
The very essence of Kaagapay Program is to assign a fireman in each

barangay in the country to be known as “Bumbero sa Pamayanan” who
shall be coordinator and lead of all these programs in the community.
Persons so designated are expected to deliver most parts of this plan.
They shall be immersed in the community to establish strong partnerships
and develop empathy over the plight of the residents. They are likewise
expected to rekindle the spirit of bayanihan among the residents to
establish the very foundation of this plan.
This is immersion – giving the BFP personnel that opportunity to

interact with the community they protect. The objective of the program
is to give every member of personnel that sense of belongingness
with the community, ensuring that their communities are safe, and
continually exerting effort in protecting them. By this activity, the most
basic prevention effort can also be advanced. BFP personnel can see for
themselves the various hazards, risks, and causes that may result to fire
emergencies. Their immersion will also allow the real assessment of the
vulnerabilities of each household and remedial actions which can be
done.
1.) Designation
a.) All Station personnel shall be designated as Bumbero sa

Pamayanan except the Fire Marshal, Assessors and Collecting
Agent.
b.) Basis for the distribution of personnel shall be based on
the number of barangays in every city/municipality and the
population. Equitable distribution must be observed.
51
c.) The designation can be done through a buddy system, or two

personnel per barangay adopted, depending on the number
of personnel provided. There should be a maximum of five (5)
barangays per team.
d.) When the number of barangays, however, would exceed the
limit on the number of barangays per team, the buddy system
can be waived.
2.) Functions and Responsibilities
The designated Bumbero sa Barangay shall have the following

basic functions and responsibilities.
a.) Ensure the conduct of regular neighborhood-based fire
prevention activities such as lectures, drills, and seminars
prescribed under the intervention program of this module
(Chapter 2);
b.) Organize and facilitate the training of CFAG members and Fire
Safety Teams in his/her AOR;
c.) Facilitate the conduct of joint regular house-to-house hazard
evaluation, abatement and mitigation in identified high-risk
areas in coordination with the local barangay officials;
d.) Facilitate the preparation of the CCFP in his/her AOR and its
component activities; and,
e.) Ensure BFP visibility in the community through conduct of the
activities under this program at least once a month.
These functions shall reflect in the person’s Individual
Performance Commitment Review (IPCR) and shall be an integral
part of his regular functions.
3.) Accomplishment Appraisal and Reporting
The primary function of the designated Bumbero sa Barangay

is to initiate fire prevention activities in the communities they are
assigned to, details of which will be clarified in the next chapter.
These activities shall form part of the daily functions of each
member of personnel and subsequently the fire station. The
performance of said activities will be evaluated and appraised.
(See Annex C for the OPCR-IPCR matrix)
52
B. Intervention and Public Fire Education
Campaigns
Key to a sustainable fire prevention initiative is the institution of

intervention programs to address a problem. Through immersion, the
designated Bumbero sa Barangay shall identify risks and causes of fire
so these can be addressed. This is intervention, by ensuring that every
notable risk, possible causes, and even vulnerabilities are given due
attention and removed.
This will be done through two direct approaches: 1) House-to-House

Fire Safety Survey; and 2) Zonal Interventions. All these activities are
expected to be carried out by the designated BSB.
1.) House-to-House Fire Safety Survey
This is a series of sustained and intensified fire safety

inspections done through a survey concentrated on residential
communities, neighborhoods, informal settlements, and areas
identified through the CCFP. The regular survey of households
is necessary, primarily those at identified high-risk areas of the
community. Surveys such as these would expose possible causes
of fires, illegal or dangerous electrical connections, decomposing
materials, and other concerns, thus preventing fire by correcting
failures. This will be done with the collaboration of the local
barangay officials in the community.
Basic Procedures to follow:

i.) The designated Bumbero sa Barangay as per OLP
guidelines who will be tasked to conduct survey must
coordinate first with the barangay officials prior to the
activity. House-to-house survey shall use a single form
provided for this purpose;
53
Basic Procedures to follow (cont.)
ii.) There shall be a representative from the barangay to

accompany and assist the Bumbero sa Barangay in the
conduct of house-to-house fire safety survey;
iii.) The Bumbero sa Barangay shall seek the approval of the
household owner by explaining the benefit and purpose of
the visit;
iv.) He/she/they shall be in proper uniform with identification
and shall cordially introduce themselves to the house
owner;
v.) In case the owner refuses to allow the conduct of survey,
the survey takers shall give information material and leave;
vi.) Once the owner agrees to the conduct of the survey, he/
she/they shall accomplish the standard form for house
inspection and, a copy of the findings shall be given and
explained to the owner and, if possible, the owner shall
immediately cause the abatement of the hazard;
vii.) Names, address, and date of survey must be entered into
the form by the Bumbero sa Barangay, plus the signature
of the house owner or representative. These shall be made
available whenever a validation team from the higher
office shall evaluate the program.
viii.) Results of the survey shall be consolidated by the Bumbero
sa Barangay to be submitted to the Barangay Chairman
for his/her intervention. After Fire Safety Survey Report
need not be individual house survey results. Rather, it shall
be a consolidated report of hazards in the homes of the
residents reflected in one report;
ix.) Follow-up shall be made by the C/MFM through the
Bumbero sa Barangay regarding the action taken on the
recommendation(s) cited in the consolidated after-survey
report;
x.) Said report shall be the basis for additional intervention
activities to be recommended by the BFP to the barangay
officials for proper action.
54
55
2.) Zonal Interventions
As part of the trinity of the CFPP, zonal interventions directly

addresses the risks identified in every portion of the community.
Through the CFPP workshop, the most vulnerable areas in the
community can be identified and zoned out at different levels of
vulnerability. It is therefore vital that the most effort in fire
prevention be concentrated in zones identified as having the
highest level of vulnerability, and similarly, equitable interventions
for the rest. This will maximize resources while addressing the
problem directly.
HAZARD ZONES AND INTERVENTIONS
VULNERABILITY
FIRE PREVENTION INTERVENTION
ZONE
1.) House-to-house fire safety survey

(conducted TWICE a year in every zone)
2.) Direct hazard removal
3.) Intensive lecture
(conducted TWICE a year in every zone)
RED ZONE • Basic principles of fire
• Fundamental firefighting demonstrations
Highly Vulnerable • Good housekeeping practice
• Exit drill at home
4.) CFPP simulation exercises
(conducted ONCE a year in every zone)
5.) Distribution of fire safety information materials
(can be conducted during surveys or other activities)

ORANGE ZONE
• Basic principles of fire
Moderately
• Good housekeeping practice
Vulnerable
56
HAZARD ZONES AND INTERVENTIONS (CONT...)
VULNERABILITY
FIRE PREVENTION INTERVENTION
ZONE
(conducted ONCE every two years in every zone)
YELLOW ZONE • Basic principles of fire
Mildly Vulnerable • Good housekeeping practice
BLUE ZONE
• Maintenance of Evacuation Areas.
Safe
3.) Fire Safety Lectures and Seminars
Conduct of fire safety lectures and seminars shall conform to

the following protocols;
a.) Lectures and seminars shall be made with proper coordination
with the barangay officials for proper scheduling, venue
identification and invitation to participants.
b.) Lectures and seminars shall be held on schedules to be agreed
upon by the barangay officials and the BFP provided that they
be held on the following time considerations;
i.) WEEKDAYS: 1300H to 1600H; or 1900H to 2100H
ii.) WEEKENDS: 0900H to 1600H
c.) Schedules shall be made in such a time most convenient to
the attendees.
d.) Conduct of lectures and seminars shall not be more than
two (2) hours per scheduled activity. However, extension is
allowed provided that the attendees agree to it.
e.) Venues for the conduct of lectures and seminars shall be
made by sitio/purok in the barangay to allow residents within
the sitio/purok to attend and participate. Venues such as
auditoriums, multipurpose halls are not necessary, any area
were the people can gather is enough.
57
f.) The use of projectors and multimedia equipment are

subject to conformity to venue to be used.
g.) Lecture Topics may include but are not limited to the
following, subject to additional guidelines issued by the
higher office:
i.) Fire Safety in Homes
ii.) Fire Safety in the Workplace
iii.) Common Household Fire Hazards
iv.) Exit Drill in the Home
v.) Cooking Fire Safety Tips
vi.) Electrical Appliance Use Fire Safety
vii.) Community Fire Hazards, and
viii.) Other relevant topics
h.) The Fire Safety Educator can customize topics depending
on what is the observable need of the sitio/purok residents.
4.) Drills and Simulations
Drills and simulation exercises shall be conducted to test

readiness of the residents in case of fire. It is to be conducted
to high-hazard sitio/purok that may be identified by the OLP
surveys. In addition to this, the following protocols are to be
observed.
a.) Drills and simulation exercises shall be conducted only in
sitio/purok with the highest risk to fire or where immediate
response will be compromised in case of fire. This will
include sitio/purok who are within has the following
observable hazards:
i.) Majority of residences are made of light materials
and are clustered close to each other such as
informal settler areas;
ii.) Narrow or unpassable pathways, access roads and
alleys;
iii.) Interior communities far from major road access;
iv.) Far distance from possible sources of water; and
v.) Adjacent to factories or industrial facilities.
58
b.) Drills and simulations shall be conducted at least once
a year in said identified sitio/purok however subject to
continuous monitoring of the barangay officials and the
BFP.
c.) The drill has to incorporate immediate suppression of
a dummy-fire/mock-fire subject to the scenario to be
identified in the OLP.
d.) Conduct of drills must be participated by the residents
within the vicinity or the dummy-fire/mock-fire area but
other residents can observe.
e.) The OLP Drills and Simulation Evaluation Form should be
used during the drill followed by a lecture reviewing the
performance of the participants.
HEALTH AND SAFETY GUIDELINES

Considering the on-going COVID-19 pandemic, strict observance
to IATF National and Local Protocols shall be observed. All fire safety
intervention activities should be conducted observing minimum health
protocols such as the wearing of Facemasks and observance of Physical
Distancing. Bumbero sa Barangays who manifests symptoms of the flu
during scheduled surveys should be restricted to proceed to the activity
until symptoms dissipate.
In preparation to the full return of OLP, all field personnel are

mandated to secure their second booster of COVID-19 Vaccine.
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BOOK 4: standardized CFPP WORKSHOP LECTURES
STANDARDIZED CFPP
WORKSHOP LECTURES
The Community Fire Protection Plan

BOOK 4
(CFPP)
The following modules are the prepared discussions for the

CFPP Workshops. It is vital for the facilitators to first understand
the general to specific concept behind each modules for them to
deliver the discussions properly.
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62
Module 0
MODULE Number : 0
MODULE Title : WORKSHOP
ORIENTATION
Scope:
This module covers the preparatory lecture and
orientation to the participants in the conduct of the
CFPP Workshop.
Learning Tools:
CFPP Workshop PowerPoint Module 0
Module Objectives:
This module being the first and preparatory module, aims to:
• Laydown the direction of the CFPP Planning Workshop;
• Elicit expectations from the participants;
• Set the ground rules in the planning workshop.
MODULE TIMETABLE
TIMELINE ACTIVITIES / TOPICS STRATEGY

Probability Scale
• Start the workshop by welcoming the participants

and introduction of the facilitators and the Interactive
15 Minutes
participants. Lecture
• Introductions can be done through any “Get to Know
Each Other” Game lead by the facilitator.
Discussion of Purpose and Intentions
• The Facilitator discusses the purpose and Interactive

20 Minutes
intentions of the workshop through giving of Lecture
short overview of the workshop program.
Setting the Tone
• The Facilitator sets the tone of the workshop Interactive

10 Minutes through the discussion of the house rules, Lecture
gathering of expectations and last among the
topics, the Module Objectives.
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MODULE MANUSCRIPT: MODULE 0

OUTPUT:
• The participants and facilitators having known each other.
• The Participants able to understand the purpose of the workshop.
A. OPENING ACTIVITIES
This preparatory part of the workshop is freestyle subject to the delivery

expertise of the facilitator. The facilitators should start with the basics, a
Prayer and singing of the National Anthem. Opening Remarks may be given
both from the Team Leader and or the Barangay Captain or highest ranking
Brgy official attending.
After the basic formalities, the facilitator then leads the introduction
“pagpapakilala” of the facilitators and the participants through any Get to
Know Each Other Game that the facilitator chooses. The Facilitator should
ensure that this part is fun and interactive to set a tone of participation.
B. DISCUSSION OF PURPOSE AND INTENTIONS
These points in the discussion the facilitator discusses and explain the
purpose and intention of the CFPP Planning Workshop Guided by the talking
points below.
The Community Fire Protection Plan or CFPP Planning Workshop is an

activity developed by the BFP specifically for the contingency planning
for emergencies of the barangays. The preparation of the CFPP is best
accomplished by means of a workshop, with the recipients of the CFPP
actively participating in the workshop. The role of BFP personnel is to
facilitate the activity and to serve as speakers.
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Considering that every barangay is unique, a hybrid form of workshop
is recommended for the CFPP, with a field survey followed by the actual
planning workshop. The data gathering through actual inspection of the
entire barangay / community is necessary and must be performed first.
Field Survey
The field inspection should be performed prior to the actual workshop,
as this will lay down most of the parameters needed in the workshop.
It is vital that all entries in the Checklist be provided with information
and, just like normal fire safety inspection, scrutiny of the details must be
observed, but on a larger scale in the community. Accuracy of information
is necessary.
1.) Prior to the conduct of the pre-fire planning workshop, the barangay
council is required to submit to the BFP a detailed copy of its location
map. This will serve as the guide for the PFP Facilitator of the BFP
Station in the creation of a CFPP and its component hazard maps.
2.) Due coordination with the barangay council shall be made prior to
the conduct of the activity to ensure their full cooperation, and in
areas where safety is compromised, arrangements can be made.
3.) During the field survey, the PFP Team accompanied by the barangay
captain must conduct an ocular of the surroundings, guided by the
Barangay Risk Profile Checklist, the Barangay Hazard Zoning Checklist
and the Location Map. The assigned surveyor shall note and consider
the following.
• Number of houses in a certain cluster / block / row and the

materials they are made of and the distance to one another, and
the location of each feature on the map. The Inspector must be
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keen in noticing possible hazards in every cluster, because

these should appear on the Fire Hazard Map.
• The width and type of remarkable roads, streets, and alleys.
• The location of fire hydrants and waterways, as well as
landmarks.
4.) The survey has to be performed in every sitio / purók / cluster of

the barangay / community in order to be thorough and accurate.
The data gathered during the field survey will later be used during
the risk assessment workshop.
Documents Needed:
a.) Location Map of the Barangay
b.) Barangay Risk Profile Checklist,
c.) Barangay Hazard Zoning Checklist
The Planning Workshop

The planning workshop is a combination of lecture and table-
top exercises. The lectures will revolve around the discussion of the
components of the CFPP while the table-top activities will focus on the
accomplishment of the planning tools (tables).
— The Plan (Introduction to FCPP)

This talk deals with the definition of the CFPP. The pointers and
suggested discussions are presented in Chapter 1, although further
elaboration of the points is highly encouraged. Sighting concrete
examples on points like actual fire incidents within the area can leave
a strong impact and gain interest in the participants.
— Assess
This session takes the discussion to a deeper level. Participants
are to perform assessment guided by the facilitator. For ease of work,
participants shall fill data into the CFPP Planning Tools forms.
It is vital that participants absorb the information presented in

this session, including the importance of knowing the probability
of the occurrence of a fire incident, vulnerabilities involved, and
possible scenarios. This session is large enough to be divided into four
segments, each tackling a sub-chapter topic. Each tabletop exercise
should be followed with presentation of participants’ output.
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Another approach would be for the facilitator to present the
entire chapter, and then follow this with a comprehensive tabletop
exercise, assisting the participants. With this method, the facilitator,
using the board, enters data into the forms as participants supply the
information.
At the end of the session, the facilitator summarizes the discussion

and exercise.
— Prepare
This chapter continues from the previous session. The action plan
will be made and the fire response data detailedFor ease of work,
CFPP planning tools are to be used.
— Test and Improve
This chapter consolidates the previous session, and emphasizes
the need to test and improve the CFPP. The chapter takes up the topic
of drills, and the gaps and adjustments to be made after drills. Drills
shall be scheduled for after the CFPP has been formulated, requiring
the establishment and training of the CFAG.
After the workshop, our expected outputs includes the

following:
1.) The Community Fire Protection Plan
a.) Brief Introduction and Community Information Narrative

b.) Cause-Risk Assessment Report (Form 1 Output)
c.) Capabilities and Needs Assessment Report (Form 2 Output)
d.) Scenario Visualization Report (Form 3 Output)
e.) Prevention Activities Report (Form 4 Output)
f.) Purók/Sitio Fire Response Data (Form 5 Output)
g.) Gaps and Adjustments Report (Form 6 Output)
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2.) B. Community Risk and Vulnerability Zoning Maps
a.) Barangay Location Map

b.) Fire Hazard Map
c.) Hydrant and Waterways Location Map
d.) Barangay Fire & Emergency Evacuation Plan
3.) CFPP Checklists
4.) Organized Community Fire Auxiliary Group
C. SETTING THE TONE
This point in the lecture, the facilitator sets the tone for the workshop
by getting the expectations of the participants and setting the house
rules.
Expectations can come from both the BFP teams and the participants.
This includes, their expectation on the workshop itself, the result,
the benefits of having the CFPP, and even from the facilitators to the
participants as to their participation and vice versa.
Commitment, on the other hand, is purely on the side of the

participants. Given all the expectations, the facilitator must now direct
the focus of the group to the commitment of the participants in achieving
their expectations. This has to converge on their commitment of crafting
their CFPP and ensuring that it is indeed effected thereafter.
Both expectation and commitment exercises can be done by listing on

the board what the participants are suggesting. This portion of the board
should be kept un-erased during the entire duration of the workshop.
The lecturer can start by asking the participants the questions;
1.) “What do you expect to accomplish after the workshop?”

2.) “How important is a contingency plan for fire incidents in your
barangay?”
3.) “What can you promise after the CFPP is formulated”
After the expectations and commitments are written down and posted
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on the board, presentation of house rules follows. Rules are important in
order to maintain a straight path in the entire workshop, or keep things
in line. The following rules can be applied:
1.) Share all relevant information.

2.) Everyone’s input is equally valued.
3.) Everyone must be on time throughout the workshop.
4.) Be timely: Start and end the session on time, take brief breaks,
and be ready to start when breaks are over.
5.) Only one conversation will go on at once (unless subgroups are
working on a topic).
6.) Respect each speaker: Don’t take part in side conversations; listen
and ask clarifying questions.
7.) The group is responsible for the deliverables.
8.) Off-target discussions are limited to five minutes and then
recorded as issues.
9.) Spend time on other issues only if the deliverables are completed
and everyone agrees that there is value in addressing the issue.
10.) Every issue identified in the workshop will have follow-up.
11.) Discussions and criticisms will focus on interests, not people.
12.) No idea is bad.
13.) No sidebar conversations are allowed.
14.) Use our decision rule and decision rule process.
15.) All members are expected to participate in all phases of the
process (if you leave the room, you are responsible for getting
filled in and agree to support any group decision).
16.) Encourage other team members.
17.) Include everyone in the discussion.
18.) Do not necessarily accept the first idea.
19.) Everyone is responsible for our success.
20.) Stick to the agenda, but do not be fanatical about it.
21.) Have fun.
22.) Communicate, communicate, communicate.
Note: It is up to the facilitator to select up to five house rules only

from among the selection.
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70
MODULE Number : 1
MODULE Title : The Plan
Module 1
Scope:
This module covers the specific concept of Community
Fire Protection Plan as a contingency plan
Learning Tools:
FPP Workshop Manuscript Module 1
CFPP Unified PowerPoint Module 1
Module 1 Objectives:
At the end of the lesson, the participants should be able to:
• Understand the general to specific concept of the Community Fire

Protection Plan
• Delineate the Community Fire Protection Plan as a Contingency Plan

for fire emergencies in the community.
• Consider the key factors in creating a flexible and strategic fire

protection plan.
• Explain the significance of CFPP in the community.
• Analyze the capability of the CFPP in the community according to

simulated real time scenarios.
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MODULE TIMETABLE

• Introduction
• Lay down objectives
• Provide to the participants examples of aftermath images/scenarios of
an event (typhoon, flood, fire scenarios).
• Differentiate a community aftermath scenario with contingency Lecture
10 Minutes
planning and without contingency planning. Discussion
• Discuss to the participants the definition of contingency planning in
the community.
• Associate the Fire Protection Plan as contingency plan in the
community.
At this point the Facilitator will discuss the key concept of Fire Protection
Planning.
• Collaborative
• Discuss with the participants manifold approach and proposals in
creating a strategic-based fire protection planning in the community
with consideration to their perspectives, as this will stipulate same
level of commitment in executing plans within the community
• Comprehensive
• Discuss with the participants about the CFPP as a procedure in which
it includes not only the planning phase, but it comprises also the
least issues from adopting a plan to evaluating/creating alternative
response. Lecture
10 Minutes
Discussion
• Series or Cyclical
• The facilitator will provide an example image of a barangay or
community, identify and discuss the existing hazards/ roadways/
number of routes for emergency response. Provide an example
or scenario of fire emergency in a particular area of the barangay,
analyze; What is going to happen? What are the possible solutions?
What should be done beforehand?
• Factual
• The facilitator will discuss to the participants various assessment (risk,
resource, capability assessment), of a particular community. This will
highlight the existing hazards and needs of the community and will
initiate general awareness of an individual within the community.
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Significance of Community Fire Protection Plan in the community.
Discuss with the participants the importance of CFPP in the

community, and how to achieve Holistic Community Fire Safety thru:
1. Risk Evaluation and Elimination

• Identify with the participants what are/might be the possible
hazards that exist within the community and discuss plans/
strategy for a complete and consistent elimination of those
hazards.
2. Tactical Defense Strategy
• The facilitator will discuss how a community will be vulnerable to
a fire emergency thru identified hazards in the community, (this
will provide a bigger picture for participants) then create with the
Lecture
25 Minutes participants a systematic response procedure.
Discussion
3. Zonal Interventions
• Identify with the participants an area within the community with
the most hazardous zones, this will zone will be needing a more
comprehensive and active fire safety education than those in
least hazardous areas.
Areas to consider in preparing a CFPP in the community:

The facilitator will discuss the following factors that provides crucial
information in the response strategy of the CFPP;
• Surface Area
• Population Density and Sociology
• Set-up of structures and Material Composition
• Environmental Factors
DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS
1. The facilitator will discuss with the participants usual scenarios that
are happening in the community which needs immediate attention
and adaptive approach in dealing with various fire emergencies.
Discuss with the participants preemptive tactics or plans both based
on simulated scenarios, community information and existing status Lecture
10 Minutes
of a community, as this will provide vital information in the response Discussion
strategy/capability of a community.
2. The facilitator should emphasize also the importance of analyzing a

community map as basis for intensive inspections and information
campaigns.
OUTPUT:
The participants will be able to understand the basic key concept of the CFPP;
a. Able to define the Fire Protection Plan as Contingency Plan.
b. Able to identify the key concept of the Fire Protection Plan.
c. Able to explain why we have a CFPP.
d. Able to o expound the Community Fire Protection Planning.
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1. Fire Protection Plan as

Contingency Plan
A Community Fire Protection Plan is a Contingency Plan prepared for fire
emergencies in the community. Contingency planning aims to prepare systematic
and coordinated response procedures that can be easily and immediately
executed at a moment’s notice. It focuses an organization’s efforts, resources
and capabilities into carefully choreographed actions rendering response to
emergencies more efficient and effective.
A community able to prepare for an emergency can save lives. Such is the
case for preparing for fire emergencies. As a constantly growing threat to human
settlements brought about by careless domestic activities, community fires are
disasters that must be thoroughly prepared for. According to the International
Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies (IFRC) “disaster preparedness
planning involves identifying organization resources, determining roles and
responsibilities, developing policies and procedures and planning activities to
reach a level of preparedness to be able to respond timely and effectively to a
disaster should it occur”.
By principle, planning is just the beginning of a long-term commitment

to establish contingencies over every possible scenario. Every organization,
community, or group of individuals which is tasked with developing emergency
preparedness plans must ensure that every aspect of planning and preparation
is considered and duly addressed.
Fire emergencies, amongst other emergencies, are a constantly occurring

community hazard that the public must prepare for. It is therefore the prime
mandate of every barangay government unit to ensure that mitigation and
fire protection is their utmost priority, focusing its resources into tangible and
doable action plans that will benefit the entire community. Planning for fire
emergencies must not just be an option for every local government, more so the
barangays, but it must be on top of their agenda as fire directly affects the very
constituents they serve.
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2. Key concept of
Fire Protection Planning
Planning emergency actions is a process, not a one-time event. While the plan
may detail specific objectives and preparedness actions, these will need to be
corrected and refined during an actual emergency.
Collaborative
Experience shows that plans created by an “external” person or by an
isolated individual or agency are usually not valued and used. Therefore, a
team approach is desirable. A team approach allows for diverse perspectives
to be shared during the planning stage. It also helps ensure that the team has
access to precise and complete information.
The creation of a Community Fire Protection Plan is geared towards this

idea. By allowing a participative environment wherein it is the members of
the barangay who are to establish their own community’s fire protection
plan, every individual will have the same level of commitment of support in
executing the plans.
Comprehensive
No emergency plan can stand alone if it only addresses one aspect of a
whole scenario. For example, preparing for massive destruction must include
contingencies for evacuation, food supplies, health care and sanitation.
Similarly, preparing for fire emergencies must address connected issues on
traffic management, first responders, evacuation, medical assistance and
many others. Thus, a fire protection plan must address mitigation, response
and rehabilitation or restoration.
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Series or Cyclical
Emergency preparedness plan is always a contingency plan.
Therefore, the principles of a cyclical plan are dominant. The IFRC
describes that “contingency planning aims to prepare an organization
to respond well to an emergency and its potential humanitarian impact.
Developing a contingency plan involves making decisions in advance
about the management of human and financial resources, coordination
and communications procedures, and being aware of a range of technical
and logistical responses. Such planning is a management tool, involving
all sectors, which can help ensure timely and effective provision of
humanitarian aid to those most in need when a disaster occurs. Time
spent in contingency planning equals time saved when a disaster occurs.
Effective contingency planning should lead to timely and effective
disaster-relief operations.”
The contingency planning process can be broken down into three

basic questions:
• What is going to happen?
• What are we going to do about it?
• What can we do ahead of time to get prepared?
The concept of a cycle in preparing the fire protection plan is
appropriate as it will ensure that the response plan is always relevant and
applicable. The Principles of a repeated cycle in contingency planning, as
shown below, illustrates the dynamism that a fire protection plan must
have.
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Factual
An emergency preparedness plan should always be based on facts and
scientific analysis. Risk assessment, needs assessment, resource and capability
assessment amongst others are the foundation of an effective fire protection
plan. Having the ability to establish the facts in every scenario is critical as it
will provide truthful results. Considering that a fire protection plan will utilize
simulated incidents as bases in preparing the response procedures, truthful and
factual references are stringent.
3. Why have a CFPP?
There are many reasons why there should be a Pre-Fire Plan in every building
and community, but the following are the most important.
1. It prevents fatalities and injuries – a well thought-out

pre-fire plan, or any emergency plan for that matter, is an effective
way of preventing if not reducing the number of casualties and
injuries in a fire emergency. This is because of the safety measures
generated prior to an emergency upon identification of possible
hazards. The preparations made, be they simple information
dissemination of a well thought-out evacuation plan / response
procedure for a building’s occupants and the community around
it, to a fast and reliable system of response by concerned agencies,
ensures a quick, orderly and efficient response for everyone
involved. The building’s occupants become aware of the response
and measures they have to perform in case a fire occurs on their
property. The community’s first responders are quickly mobilized
to act and the lined agency is immediately informed.
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2. It reduces damage to property – As soon as a fire is

detected, a well-informed individual responds appropriately.
And this immediate response is what saves lives and property.
The faster the fire is put out or controlled, the less the
damage. Although damage to a scorched property might not
be avoidable, reducing damage is vital. A well thought-out fire
response system can help in minimizing damage. Neighboring
properties may be saved as well. Most importantly, by
identifying the possible causes of fire first hand, those
anomalies can be corrected minimizing the chances of fire
breaking out.
3. The law requires it – Republic Act 9515 or the Fire Code of the
Philippines of 2008 mandates that in order to promote safety
in cases of fire and emergency, every building and community
must have a workable pre-fire emergency plan in order to
respond quickly and save lives and property. The Mission
statement of the Bureau of Fire Protection itself states that
the efforts of the Bureau to protect lives and property must be
done with the active involvement of the community.
4. What is a Community Fire Protection

Plan?
What is a CFPP?
The Community Fire Protection Plan is a detailed fire prevention,
suppression and rehabilitation plan that consolidates all the past and
present approaches of the agency in handling fire safety and prevention,
fire suppression operations, and education campaigns in the communities
with advanced and idealistic methods of securing communities from the
catastrophe of fire emergencies.
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All of these efforts can be merged into three primary component agenda
catered by the program, these are;
23.) Risk Evaluation and Elimination,

24.) Tactical Defense Strategies, and
25.) Zonal Interventions
These components are the trinity of the CFPP, for each complements the
others for better results. As in the three-pronged fire triangle, the CFPP trinity
requires three components working together or the effectiveness of the program
gets compromised. This relationship can be illustrated by defining each of the
component parts and understanding its role in the completion of the objective
of the program. These components pave the way for the various activities of the
CFPP.
1. Risk Evaluation and Elimination: this focuses on the

BFP’s risk analysis and risk elimination agenda. It involves 1) the
identification of fire hazards, 2) the removal of fire’s causes, 3)
the zoning of communities in terms of their hazardous layouts
and set-ups and 4) the execution of drastic measures in order to
maintain utmost safety.
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2. Tactical Defense Strategy: this is a two-pronged

approach for achieving full fire emergency preparedness.
First is the Pre-Fire Combating Strategy wherein based on the
identified hazards and set-ups in every zoned communities
and buildings, fire suppression and response will be tested
prior to the ever occurrence of a fire. Every firefighting crew
would have a thorough knowledge of the fire scene long before
it ever happen leading to a creation of a systematic response
procedure rendering every response more effective.
Second in this agenda is the Community Involvement
Strategy wherein, the communities will be mobilized to serve
as the firefighting crew’s aide and first responders. The CFAG
component of the Handang Pamayanan Program addresses
this concern and provides for a grass-roots approach in
combating fires in localized scenarios.
3. Zonal Interventions: using the hazard evaluation and

elimination results as its kick-starter, this agenda will answer
to the need to properly, comprehensively and actively educate
the public of the various fire safety means and procedures. The
level of education and information dissemination would also
level with the hazard zoning that can be identified, because,
as the level of hazard varies in various location, the type of
information that should be given must answer that same level
of hazard. Simply putting it to the idea that most hazardous
zones needs more information to secure the public in the
zone than those in least hazardous areas.
Having a clear understanding of these three component activities

are critical as they will serve as the foundation of the CFPP and all other
prevention efforts to be executed in the community. For example, hazard
evaluation and elimination are critical activities in order to fully establish
the things to be prepared for and to lay down accurate preventive measures.
Evaluating visible and anticipatory hazards are key in properly preparing
how to respond to it. No amount of preparation is ever enough if the plans
made are not based on actual hazards.
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Similarly, identifying these hazards and properly understanding its
nature, characteristics and behavior is critical in conducting simulated
response scenarios. This is what makes every response procedure in this
plan a tactical defense strategy as they are scientific and holistic.
What to consider?
Preparing the CFPP includes factors that must be considered and
properly understood in order for the agenda to be effective. These
factors affects the type of pre-emptive plan, response strategy and
information to be disseminated in each of the field significantly that
is why understanding them and putting them in consideration is
important.
Our villages and communities (barangays) includes the following

factors to understand in preparing it to be truly fire safe;
1.) Surface Area – a village’s territorial surface area affects the

way a fire station look watch and identify its AOR. A very large
community may require a number of considerations than a
much smaller one. For example, a community with a total land
area of 15 hectares with one covering fire station will require
more analysis than that with 5 hectares only. Information such
as number of road and road network as well as linear distance
to the most remote location should be considered for this will
affect travel time. Also, the topography and typology of the
land in the area would also matter significantly in terms of
their area. (later discussed) The surface area of a place would
also influence the number of substations or command posts.
Very distant sub-communities (sitios) would require more
involvement of the community first responders because it
would take the crew more time to get to the scene. Similarly, a
closely knit community would have no issue at all in terms of
being reachable by the crew.
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2.) Population Density and Sociology – it is also

important to consider the population density and sociology
of a community. By far this can be the most significant factor
of all because it plays with the life of possible casualties. A
community with a small land area with a very high population
density could be classified much hazardous than a community
of the same surface area with lesser population density. Vice-
versa, a village with a very large surface area and equally
lesser population density is less hazardous than that with
the same area yet compact due to high density. (example,
fires in provinces and cities) Also, high population density
plays the utmost factor in the clustering of residences, thus
the tendencies of fire to spread is greatly influenced by the
number of residences clustered in one tight space.
Not only the population density that matters, but also their
sociology. A family’s social and financial capabilities will can be
seen in the type of residence they are to dwell in. A not so well-
off family would have houses made of materials affordable
to them with amenities of the least safety treatment. Such
as slum areas, houses are made of easily ignitable materials
and the possible causes of fires are very visible. Seldom can
it be seen that a low class residence would install fire safety
equipment simply because it is not their priority. Contrary to
that of well-to-do families. They would have well built houses
with if not top-of-the-line reliable fire safety appliances to
secure them. In the classification of hazards it is important
that this two difference are considered.
3.) Set-Up of Structures and Material Composition –

a village does not only include residential buildings but also
support facilities. In a designed subdivision, the separation
between this two are prominent and are well defined.
But contrary to most of all communities wherein the type
of development are not planned. The type of buildings
surrounding the residences plays an important role as well
because it will influence the hazard zoning of an area. A
children’s day-care center or elementary surrounded by
identified closely built residences of medium to hazardous
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composition could be instantly defined as hazardous once
a fire broke out in that area even if a school with minimal
occupant most of the time can be considered less hazardous.
But if a conflagration of closely built houses raged close to
it, it should be treated with the same priority as the rest of
the residences. Similarly, a warehouse is deemed hazardous
regardless of its contents, but if in a close proximity exists
less hazardous residential areas the community surrounding
it will eventually be treated as at high risk when a fire broke
out. Best examples are the factories surrounded by informal
settlers.
4.) Environmental Factors – seldom considered,

environmental factors affect the hazard analysis of one place
and the entire fire suppression operation. In hazard analysis
for villages, the typology and topography of the locality
along with the vegetation present plays a crucial factor. An
example is a classified less hazardous residences surrounded
by grasslands that during summer regularly get into fire due
to very dry weather should be treated with priority and is
classified as hazardous during dry season. In the same way,
wind patterns and direction influences the suppression
operation because the wind is among other things is a catalyst
in the spread of fire. Example, in a community, two clusters
were classified differently, on the south west are high hazard
zoned residences, to its north east are less hazardous zoned
residences. If a fire broke out during severe gust of south-west
wind, all those at the path of the wind should be treated with
priority because they would eventually be at the path of the
fire as it is carried by the wind.
These factors directly influence the CFPP to be formulated, the

tactical defense strategy to perform and the zoning inventions that
will later be implemented. These factors will later influence the hazard
maps, the zoning to be established and the entire contingency plan.
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DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS

For a pre-emptive fire program to work, it must first be able to adopt
to individual scenarios in communities around the country. It should be
flexible enough in order to deliver accurate results. Scenarios involve the
following observations:
1.) Not all communities have the same frequency of fire incidents.
Some, especially urban communities, are more prone to
conflagrations compared to rural settlements. Also, closely
clustered houses have higher risks of fire and spread fire more
easily compared to distantly spaced houses.
2.) The majority of fire incidents occur in residential areas. Some

common causes are electrical power line failures and human
negligence.
3.) In most communities, the average farthest distance from a fire

station to its most remote AOR ranges from 7 to 10 minutes’ drive
depending on the quality of the road. Metro Manila may not have
this issue, but in almost all municipalities in the country, this is
evident.
4.) Panic causes more damage than an actual fire. By observation,

civilians get injured in more cases not by fire but by the chaotic
rampage that comes with it. Due to disorganization and the lack of
a clear, detailed and enforceable emergency response procedure
in a community, a frantic public goes on a frenzy to save life and
property, making it more difficult to execute a coordinated fire-
suppression operation.
These common observations indicate the need for an individualized

approach to the fire prevention procedure in each community. This
is because the fire suppression method in one community may not be
applicable in another. Say, for example, for easily accessible communities,
fire suppression may be executed with minimal effort, because a
firefighting crew can get to the source of a fire or a burning building
itself directly. But this is not so in communities where accessibility is
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compromised by closely-clustered houses, such as squatters’ areas /
informal settlements. A different tactical method would therefore be
needed in order to execute an operation. This difference could even
occur in two or more distinct areas in one community. This means that,
in order to execute an effective operation, a team must prepare a specific
tactical approach for each location by means of a pre-fire response plan
based on the individuality of the location’s hazards.
Also, if the affected structures in an area are primarily residential1,

much more attention should be given to safeguarding such, The
most logical pre-emptive measure would be to inspect buildings and
households for probable causes of fire. In present practice, the inspection
of a residence happens before, during and soon after construction only.
But old houses have not had this inspection – more so with makeshift
houses that pop up in depressed communities and slums. If these
residences would also be inspected regularly, the risks of fire can be
exposed and given appropriate action, thus preventing or minimizing the
incidence of fire. In Section 5, para. h, the Fire Code stipulates: “Inspect
at reasonable time, any building, structure, installation or premises for
dangerous or hazardous conditions or materials as set forth in this Code,
provided that in case of single family dwelling, an inspection must be upon
the consent of the occupant or upon lawful order from the proper court.
The Chief, BFP or his/her duly authorized representative shall order the
owner/occupant to remove hazardous materials and/or stop hazardous
operation/process in accordance with the standards set by this Code or
its implementing rules or regulations or other pertinent laws;”
For the first semester of 2014, FSED data indicate that the total
number of inspections and fire prevention activities conducted for
residential, mercantile and business establishments are 79,309; 348,393
and 145,938 respectively2. Whereas IID’s consolidated record of fire
incidents for the same period, for the same occupancy notes 2,870; 254;
and 120 respectively. The data shows a significant relationship between
fire prevention efforts through inspection vis-à-vis incidents of fire – the
incidents of fire reduce proportionally to the increase in inspection. The
more inspections made, the lesser the occurrence of fire; whereas, for
less intensive inspections made, the occurrences of fire remain high.
1. Table 4, Fires by Area Affected, Epidemiological Assessment of Fires in the Philippines, 2010-2012 by Gloria Nenita V Velasco, Philippine Institute of Developmental Studies
2. FSED Fire Prevention Activities Tally, January to June 2014.
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This simply shows, that the efforts of the Bureau do pay. And by
conducting the same intensive prevention measures on those still with
high fire occurrence, similar reductions can also be achieved.
Also, the government’s project NOAH and geo-hazard mapping

initiative has proven to be an excellent tool in identifying disaster-prone
areas such as those vulnerable to flooding, landslides, storm surges, and
other calamities. With such pre-identified areas, the government was able
to execute mitigating measures. A similar system should also be done for
fire emergencies. It would be very helpful in the fire prevention programs
if there are fire hazard maps and evacuation maps identifying the areas
in the community most prone to fire. Following the hazard analysis
stated in the Fire Code, such maps would serve as the bases for intensive
inspections, community information campaigns and heightened alert
watches during the seasons of frequent fire occurrence.
Another factor significant in firefighting efficiency is the response time

required to cover the distance to far-off communities. It is known that
the earlier the fire suppression procedures are executed, the higher the
chances to save the property. But, in fire scenes wherein the firefighting
crew has to travel great distances, it is often too late when the crew arrives.
Meaning, an alternative and immediate response procedure should be
executed using the cooperation of the community itself. This in a way is
practiced in some local fire stations. The ingenuity of the personnel in
coordinating efforts in response to this dilemma is remarkable. Phone
numbers, even those privately used, are given to the public and the
authorities for easy coordination. But more can be done. The authorities
possess the power provided by the government to coordinate disaster
management. This power can be tapped and executed during fire
emergencies. During the time of the late DILG Secretary Jessie Robredo,
he propagated disaster preparedness response and management from
national and provincial authorities to the barangays. Officials of local
communities were given training on the proper approach to calamities.
The program was so effective that when a calamity was to befall a
community, the authorities automatically sprang into action.
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This can also be done for fire emergencies. The common practice is
that the fire suppression operation and its management mostly, if not
always, fall in the same hands that do the firefighting, meaning, the BFP.
In urbanized areas, crowd control and evacuations are handled by the
Philippine National Police. But it is not only crowd control that has to be
done. Immediate fire control and suppression are also necessary in order
to minimize damage. In almost all cases, the victim is the one performing
fire control with the help of a handful of brave neighbors while evacuating
his family and belongings at the same time. In television shows abroad,
the firefighter crew involves rescuers who do the evacuation while the
rest put out the fire. While this remains a vision for the Bureau, there is
a need to deputize men who would immediately respond to fire, assist
overwhelmed firefighters and control the panicking crowd. This is a task
that can be given to local authorities. In fact, it is required by their own
mandates. And the Fire Code IRR stipulates it. Rule 7, Division 1, Section
7.0.1.2 states that “Local Government Units (LGU) and other government
agencies shall render necessary assistance on the following duties of
the BFP: B. Organization and training of fire brigades in all barangays in
partnership with BFP to serve as first responders; D. Such other duties and
functions of the BFP which would essentially require their assistance.”
This authority provided by the Code has so much potential for it

solidifies the foundation for a comprehensive partnership between the
LGU and the BFP – a partnership that could essentially enhance and
promote effective fire prevention, firefighting operation, and fire law
enforcement activities able to save lives and secure property.
It is also evident in many communities that during fire emergencies,

panic and misdirection often surpass the safe response operation
executed. Since the people don’t know what to do and simply want to
save property and lives, instead of using a safe rescue procedure, the
opposite happens. Plus, in many cases, the security of the firefighters
themselves gets compromised by the panicking public. Hand-lines and
nozzles get snatched by inconsiderate bystanders who have no idea of
the wrong they are doing. The results are injuries and, in some cases,
fatalities.
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Another scenario, in total contrast to the first, can also occur. There
are communities that are so dependent on the fire service and have
no idea of fire suppression – so much so that when a fire breaks out in
their neighborhood, they would merely stand and watch, even though
they could act on the situation. This condition demonstrates that
there is a need to create a systematic and collaborative fire emergency
response procedure shared by the BFP and the local authorities.
Greater preparedness within the community itself can contribute to
the prevention of aggravating occurrences that can develop from a fire
incident. The initial question is how to prevent people from panicking.
This is answered by preparedness: during emergencies, the uninformed
tend to panic, while the well-informed tend to act appropriately. The
solution for all this is the creation of a Community Fire Protection Plan.
Taking typhoons as an example, people in areas struck by Typhoon

Yolanda perished because they had been unaware of the catastrophic
fury that the typhoon would be bringing. Notwithstanding any realization
they may have had in the face of the rising flood, their reactions were
too late and too little to cope with the inundation and save them. They
were informed but they bought into the logic that it was merely another
typhoon that would pass. Unfortunately, this situation had happened
before Yolanda and still happens after. Here lies the problem. People
accustomed to storms believe they would not see any situation more
severe. However, those who experience mother nature at her worst realize
their mistake. After ST Reming, that hit Albay and Sorsogon in 2006, and
ST Yolanda, communities were jolted out of complacency. When TY
Glenda hit, people acted appropriately, evacuating their homes properly,
saving not only themselves but also rescuers who could be put in danger
as well. This goes to show that panic can be prevented. The way to reduce
its devastating effects is to have people so well-informed, saturated, of
the chaotic results of any emergency that, even subconsciously, they
would know what to do.
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This is the same with fire emergencies. If people, especially in
identified high-risk areas, would be informed well of the effects of fire,
the methods to perform in order to prevent it, and the proper response
procedures in case it happens, the panic in them would be minimal. With
the participation of the local authorities in securing their constituents, the
fire scene would be clearer of obstructions and become a less hazardous
environment for all involved.
The way to institute such efforts is through a single, systematic,

comprehensive and replicable program. Taking into account the
observations and identified objectives, the following procedures and
activities constitute the Community Fire Protection Plan or CFPP.
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90
MODULE Number : 2
MODULE Title : Assess: Community
Hazards and Risks
Assessment
Module 2
Scope:
This module covers the Assessment of risks, hazards and
vulnerabilities as key factors of the Community Fire
Protection Plan.
Learning Tools:
CFPP Workshop PowerPoint Module 2 :
“Assess : A Community Hazards and Risks Assessment”
CFPP Form 1: Cause-Risk Asssessment Report
• Understand the key factors of the Community Hazards and Risks

Assessment of the CFPP;
• Identify the common causes of fires in the sitio/purok in the barangay,
• Understand the probability and possible impact of each causes, and

the underlying vulnerability in the community.
• Accomplish the CFPP Form 1: Cause and Risk Assessment Form
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MODULE TIMETABLE

• Introduction
Lecture
10 Minutes • Review of the previous lesson
Discussion
• The facilitator shall discuss the difference between hazards and risks
in a fire incident. Hazards being the fire itself and the risks being the
causes of the fire that are present in the community.
• The facilitator shall then present the most common causes of fires Lecture
20 Minutes
based on identified causes by the BFP and relate the same to what are Discussion
observable in the community.
• The facilitator shall then give examples of what are the possible causes
of fires in the community that was observed during the survey.
Probability Scale
• Introduce the probability scale to the participants and assist them

in filling up the scale. Lecture
10 Minutes
Discussion
• Identify at least five primary causes of fire in the community with
the highest probability to occur, and state them according to its
description and probability using the probability scale.
Impact Scale
• Introduce the Impact Scale to the participants and assist them in

filling up the scale. Lecture
10 Minutes
• Emphasize that this form of assessment is most likely the end Discussion
result of a fire incident and the severity of its effects. This form of
assessment will provide an illustration of how a community looks
like after an incident.
Vulnerability Scale
• Introduce the Vulnerability Scale to the participants and assist

them in filling up the scale. Lecture
10 Minutes
Discussion
• This form will provide a better understanding of the level
of vulnerability that a community has when it comes to an
occurrence of fire.
Cause- Risk Assessment Form
• This provides an overview of all the gathered information about Lecture

40 Minutes the community and which issues to be addressed or prioritize. Discussion
• At this point the Facilitator will guide the participants in the
preparation of CFPP Form 1: Cause and Risk Assessment Form.
OUTPUT:
The participants to have understood the key factors of the Community Hazards and Risks Assessment of
the CFPP.
a. Able to identify the common causes of fire incidents.
b. Understood the 3 components of assessment: Probability, Impact, and Vulnerability.
c. Have accomplished the CFPP Form 1: Cause and Risk Assessment Form.
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A key factor in the formulation of any plan is its basis. For the Community Fire
Protection Plan, understanding the real threat is the key for holistic prevention
measures. Therefore, thorough risk assessment, understanding vulnerabilities,
plotting most concerned areas and coming to terms with possible impact are
critical. It is the responsibility of the CFPP facilitator to ensure that these risks
and threats are carefully reviewed and properly addressed.
In this chapter, the CFPP facilitator must ensure that the real threats, risks
and hazards in the community are well understood in order to arrive at a realistic
result. Hence, the CFPP must focus on the causes, risk, and hazards of fire in the
community.
The analysis will move from macro to micro scale looking first at the entire
barangay set-up, targeting each purók / sitio / cluster for in-depth analysis. This
is important because there are large barangays with high incidence of fire only in
particular areas. But this doesn’t mean that the areas identified as low-risk will
be left behind. Interventions will still be made, and such areas can be utilized for
safe refuge in the event of fire emergencies.
In this chapter, the difference between hazards and risks will be defined.
How to look for these in communities will be discussed, as well as vulnerabilities
that may aggravate risks into full blown emergency, and the capacities that can
be built in order to mitigate vulnerabilities. Hazard mapping will also be made
using prepared guides and checklist as well establishing needs in responding to
events of fires in those mapped and zoned areas. Most importantly, visualizing
fire incidents through a scenario analysis will be made in order to give planners
the best possible picture of what to prepare for.
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Community Hazards and Risks Assessment

In all communities, the hazard of fire is ever present. It only varies
with the level of risks that can trigger such event. It should be understood
that hazards are incidents that pose danger and disrupt daily life. Risks,
on the other hand, are the chances of said hazards of ever appearing. In
other words, the causes of fire dictate the risks. For example, flooding is a
hazard. Extensive logging and deforestation increase the chances or risk
of flooding.
Fire is a hazard which is always present. Human activities increase

the chances of fire occurring. The question is, which human activities
substantially increase the chances or risk of fire. Understanding the
causes of risk will help planners device methodologies to mitigate those
risks.
Based on reports from the Directorate for Investigation and

Intelligence (DII), the common causes of residential fires are the following.
COMMON CAUSES OF FIRE INCIDENTS

1.) Electrical ignition caused by loose connection
2.) Electrical ignition caused by overloading
3.) Electrical ignition due to pinched wire
4.) Electrical ignition caused by arcing
5.) Overheated home appliance
6.) Open flame from unattended lighted candle
7.) Open flame from lamp (gasera) or torch (sulô)
8.) Open flame from rubbish fire / bonfire to structural fire
9.) Open flame from rural / agricultural land clearing (kaingin)
10.) Ignition caused by fireworks / pyrotechnics
11.) Intentional fire by use of incendiary device
12.) Intentional fire by use of flammable liquid
13.) Intentional fire by use of open flame
14.) Ignition of material caused by welding slags
15.) Ignition of materials caused by acetylene / hot works
16.) LPG explosion caused by defective tank
17.) LPG explosion caused by defective hose line
18.) LPG explosion caused by defective regulator
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19.) LPG explosion caused by defective stove
20.) LPG explosion caused by static electricity or spark
21.) Fire caused by lightning
22.) Ignition of materials from ember / flying ember or alipato
23.) Smoking (lighted cigarette, cigar or pipe)
24.) Children playing with matches or lighters
25.) Battery short circuit or battery explosion
26.) Dust explosion
27.) Magnified / focused sun rays
28.) Overheated engine (motor vehicle)
29.) Sky lantern
From these causes, planners should analyze which amongst these causes
are most likely to be the culprit should a fire incident occur in an area. It must be
understood that though these causes are present in every setting, the chances
of either one becoming the main cause differs from setting to setting. For
example, slums and informal settlers’ areas have a higher tendency to have fire
emergencies caused by open flames because of the living conditions in those
areas. Living on the margins of society, people in these areas tend to supplement
safer domestic appliances with the most basic of means. The use of candles, the
use of light materials, clothes packed in tight spaces, and walls made of recycled
wood, plastic or tarpaulin all contribute to the risk of fire.
On the other hand, middle class residences tend to have fires caused by
electrical system failure, appliance power overload and other hazards electrical
in nature brought about by the people’s lifestyle in those areas. More electrical
appliances increases unsafe practices and the risk of fire. Available reports
support this analysis.
95
Probability
Not all causes really becomes the cause of fire all at once, the
probability of one causing fire varies from conditions to conditions. By
definition, probability is the measure of the likelihood of something to
ever happening. For the CFPP, the probability that certain causes of fires
may cause an actual fire should be measured.
There are some causes that though common to many, may not
actually be even applicable to others. For example, electrical related
causesof fire are very common to informal settler’s areaswhere illegal
and improper connections are rampant whereas it may not be the cause
to well-planned and developed subdivisions where basic laws and
regulations are observed stringently. Similarly, residential areas where
the use of propane or LPG gas as main cooking medium is unlikely to
experience fires caused by these causes than those areas wherein such
means are not regulated.
Just as the cause varies from cases to cases the likelihood of that
cause actually igniting fires varies equally. The probability scale below
illustrates this concept.
Probability Scale
Most Very Almost
Probability Unlikely Likely
Unlikely Likely Certain
Will cause
Will never be Might or Will cause fire most fires /
Will definitely
Description the cause of might not in one way or has recorded
cause fire
fire cause fire another history in the
area
Score Factor 1 2 3 4 5
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Impact
The impact of a fire incident varies from area to area. The most common
effects of fire incidents are injuries, fatalities, property damage, and disruption
to daily life, quantified by the time it takes to recover. Impact is the severity
of these effects. Impact is what matters. Different causes also caries varying
impact to the population, again the factor of commonality to location plays
an important part. For example, if one cause of fire is not common in a certain
area, the impact it may thereafter create is negligible. Similarly, most common
causes present within an area pauses an impact that are much greater. The
impact assessment scale below illustrates this point.
Impact Scale
Probability Negligible Minor Moderate Severe Devastating
Will cause
Will never be Might or Will cause fire most fires /
Will definitely
Description the cause of might not in one way or has recorded
cause fire
fire cause fire another history in the
area
Score Factor 1 2 3 4 5
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Vulnerability
Vulnerability is the quality or state of being prone to threat.
Vulnerability magnifies the level of risk. Unlike probabilities and impact,
vulnerabilities are the conditions present in a certain area that will
magnify the risks. The IFRC illustrates the relationship between risk,
cause, and vulnerability in the equation
Risk = cause X vulnerability
Fire emergencies are the product of the public’s vulnerabilities to
threats combined with the hazards readily available or are caused by
domestic activities. This can be best interpreted in the diagram below:
The level of vulnerability within an area can be measured using the

Barangay Hazard Vulnerability Checklist.
98
Application
Given that all factors have been analyzed, the level of risk in a
particular area can be determined by plotting it using the Cause – Risk
Assessment Form.
CFPP Form 1: Causes – Risk Assessment
Causes Probability Impact Vulnerability Risk Level Rank
“Scale of
“The most “Multiplying Ranking
likelihood “The gravity “Computed
common factor based amongst
of ever of possible average
causes of on pre-defined other
becoming the outcome” score”
fire” conditions” causes
cause”
Formula: Risk Level = (Probability + Impact) x Vulnerability
Note: Vulnerability Factor constant for all causes based on the checklist score
Example: Barangay: __________________________________
Open Flame 5 5 5 50 1
Illegal
Electrical 4 4 5 40 2
Connections
LPG 2 1 5 15 3
This form will help planners determine the level of risk that a certain
cause of fire may pose to an area in the barangay, as well as the level of
priority in addressing the risk. It will guide planners to better understand
the real picture in every fire incident, and help them arrive at the best
mitigation measure.
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Procedure to Fill-up CFPP Form 1:

1.) CFPP Form 1 aims to identify possible causes of fire and its
likelihood of being the actual cause of fireincident in a sitio/purok.
Hence, keen observation during the field survey is necessary.
2.) The Form is a table of four columns and in each column are
conditions that have to be satisfied.
• Causes: The Most Common cause of fire in the sitio based on
previous incidents or based on observation. Example: A sitio
with no electricity and the residents utilizing candles at night
would most likely have the lighted candles as the cause of any
possible incident.
• Probability: “Scale of likelihood of ever becoming the cause”
• Impact: “The gravity of possible outcome”
• Vulnerability: “Multiplying factor based on pre-defined
conditions”
• Risk Level: “Computed average score”
• Ranking: Ranking amongst other causes
3.) Under the Causes column, the participants are to identify among
the discussed possible causes of fire at least five (5) most applicable
cause and have it listed down.
4.) Using the Probability Scale, the participants will assess the level
of likelihood that each of the identified causes will be the actual
cause of fire given the observations during the survey.
5.) Using the Impact Scale, the participants then identify the possible
level of damage should it occur. For example, a sittio with houses
made of light materials and are clustered close to each other would
end up having grave result should an incident occur.
6.) Using the Risk-Vulnerability Checklist (RVC), the participant
then list down as a constant number, the RVC Score under the
vulnerability column.
7.) The measurement of the Risk Level will be based upon the formula,
“Risk Level = (Probability + Impact) x Vulnerability”. This formula
will give a score of how high the level of risk is a specific cause of
fire is to the sitio.
8.) Given the results, the five causes will be raked from 5 – 1 on the last
column.
9.) Repeat this process for every sitio in the barangay.
100
101
102
MODULE Number : 3
MODULE Title : Assess:
Risk - Vulnerability
Mapping and Zoning
Scope:
This module covers the procedures and preparation of the
CFPP Risk and Vulnerability Zoning Maps.
Learning Tools:
Module 3
CFPP Workshop PowerPoint Module 2.2:
“B. Risk and Vulnerability Mapping and Zoning”
• Identify the different risk areas in the barangay through the Risk –
Vulnerability Mapping
• Properly plot and illustrate the Risk-Vulnerability Mapping of their

Barangay.
MODULE TIMETABLE

• Introduction
Lecture
5 Minutes • Review of the previous lesson
Discussion
Following the preparation of the Cause and Risk
Assessment Form, the Facilitator will guide the participants
in the preparation of the Risk–Vulnerability Maps through the Lecture
20 Minutes discussion of the following topics; Discussion
• Describe and categorize the Vulnerability Zone Chart
• Differentiate the 4 types of CFPP maps
After the short discussion, the participants will prepare
Lecture
45 Minutes the community fire protection plan, fire hazard, location and
Discussion
evacuation map
OUTPUT:
• Identified Vulnerability Zones in the Barangay.

• A Fully Accomplished Risk – Vulnerability Maps
103
Risk and Vulnerability Mapping and Zoning

Next to risk assessment is plotting the identified vulnerabilities into a
map of the barangay. This will give the planners the big picture as to the
extent of their area’s vulnerability in the event of fire. This is done using
the Barangay Hazard Vulnerability Checklist wherein a certain purók /
sitio / cluster in the barangay is labeled into four distinct zones based on
their vulnerability to fire hazards. These zones are:
VULNERABILITY Checklist
Summarized Characteristics
ZONE Score
RED ZONE Areas with structures that are most likely
Highly to burn with extreme rapidity and to spread fire
Vulnerable quickly, such as: 1) residences / buildings that are
60–100% made of wood or easily ignitable materials,
such as nipa, bamboo, or sawali; 2) residences at
close proximity to one another, below 8 meters
apart, and with no proper fire wall installations; 3)
5 structures used as storage for petroleum, rubber,
LPG and other chemicals that produce poisonous
fumes and gases and can explode devastatingly; 4)
structures, concrete or wooden, with open flames
within, such as furnaces, smoking ovens, and the
like; 5) structures with minimal or no fire safety
provisions, such as exits, egresses and ventilation.
ORANGE ZONE Areas with structures that are most likely to
Moderately burn and spread fire with moderate rapidity, such
Vulnerable as: 1) buildings / residences that are 30–60% made
of wood / lightweight construction materials; 2)
concrete residences with easily-ignitable contents;
3) residences with relative distance of 8 to 15 meters
from one another, or row houses with the proper
firewall installation; 4) concrete structures used for
4 storage of flammable materials (except petroleum,
rubber, LPG) or flammable chemicals that are
unlikely to produce toxic fumes, smoke and gases
while burning or explode with less severity; 5) other
structures occupied by people and with electrical
connections and possible fire ignition sources, with
minimal ventilation, exits and egress provisions and
the like.
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VULNERABILITY Checklist
Summarized Characteristics
ZONE Score
YELLOW ZONE Areas with structures made primarily of fire-
Mildly retardant materials, such as: 1) 80–100% concrete,
Vulnerable steel trusses and roofing; 2) residences with rated
and safe electrical connections and wiring; 3)
3 residences with a safe distance of 15 meters or more
to neighboring buildings; 4) wooden structures
such as kiosk, kamalig, etc that are not occupied or
dwelt in by people and have no electrical wiring or
other fire igniting materials.
BLUE ZONE Areas not directly affected by any fire hazard;
Safe Zone areas not used for human habitation; vacant
1 areas, lots, and spaces; evacuation areas such as
gymnasiums, auditoriums, schools, etc.
After identifying each zone and plotting its location, the

following maps must be generated.
1.) Barangay Location Map – A detailed map of an entire

barangay, showing its streets, houses, key centers and structures,
and directions within the barangay and toward its neighbors.
During an emergency call, this map will serve as the guide for the
fire crew to reach the incident’s location.
2.) Fire Hazard Map – Similar to a geological hazard map showing
landslide or flood-prone areas, this type of map shows areas
identified for high risk of conflagration, either natural spontaneous
or accidental. The most basic component of this map is the color
coding used to identify the levels of hazard, from safe to high risk.
This map is created mirroring the location map but with details,
through inspection of the actual vicinity, with terrain and features
relative to the possibility of fire incidents. Creating this map
involves analyzing the hazard levels in the community based on
the checklist and hazard review guidelines.
3.) Hydrants and Waterways Location Map – A mirror of
the location map showing the location of fire hydrants and water
sources within the barangay. This is vital for providing a steady
supply of water during fire emergencies.
4.) Barangay Fire & Emergency Evacuation Plan – This
map lays out community preparations for fire incidents and
other calamities, showing identified locations for safe temporary
refuge.
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106
MODULE Number : 4
MODULE Title : CAPABALITIES and
NEED ASSESSMENT of
the CFPP
Scope:
This Module covers the identification of needs and
capabilities of the barangay in responding to fire incidents
and the visualization of possible scenarios.
Learning Tools:
CFPP Workshop Manuscript Module 4
Module 4
CFPP FORM 2: Capabilities and Needs Assessment Form
CFPP Form 3: Scenario Visualization Form
• Define what is vulnerability and capability in line with the Community

Fire Protection Plan.
• Identify asset and/or capability which might be present in a
community.
• Analyze the information being filled up in the capabilities and needs
assessment form.
• Identify and provide a description of scenarios based on its
vulnerability.
• Develop a scenario, provided with a description ranging from bad,
worse to worst and/or escalated events.
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MODULE TIMETABLE

• Introduction Lecture
15 Minutes
• Review of the previous lesson Discussion
At this point the Facilitator will guide the participants in the assessment
of their needs and capabilities based on understanding the various
vulnerabilities in their area, though;
• Definition of Vulnerability and Capability
• Identify asset or capabilities that might be present in a community.
• Discuss the basic field factors in a community, to be able to identify Lecture with
10 Minutes
the vulnerabilities of the community. sample
» Land and surface vulnerabilities
» Population and Social Vulnerabilities
» Set-up of Structures and material vulnerabilities
» Environmental Vulnerabilities
After discussion of the various vulnerabilities, the facilitator now
introduces the Capabilities and Needs assessment through;
• Discussion of Capabilities and Needs Assessment Form
• Identify the vulnerabilities possible in a community.
• Determine the Capabilities of a community, the existing programs
and projects that the barangay already have that directly/indirectly
address the vulnerabilities. Lecture
10 Minutes
Discussion
• What are Needs of a community?
• What are the activities needed by the community to perform in line
with their identified vulnerabilities?
• Who are the person responsible in the community for the execution of
the activities?
• What is the time duration for the implementation of the activities?
At this point the Facilitator will facilitate the proper filling up of
30 Minutes Activity
Capabilities and Needs Assessment Form.
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At this point after the preparation of the Capabilities and Needs
Assessment Form, the facilitator will introduce scenario making to the
participants, through;
• Visualize a fire incident/scenario based on vulnerability identified in
the community.
• Develop a possible scenario according to various approaches and
discuss their advantages and best use.
• Describe an event according to its category. (Bad, worse, worst)
• Introduce the Scenario Visualization Form
• Identify the description of an event according to the scenarios
provided (Bad, Worse, Worst) Lecture
10 Minutes
• Visualize a scenario according to following considerations: Discussion
» Spread of Fire
» Difficulty on response operations due to traffic and accessibility
» Availability of hydrant and water resources
» Environmental considerations.
• Describe an event according to its category. (Bad, worse, worst)
• Ask the participants, what is the probability of each of the scenarios
and the impact it may result into.
• Using the probability scale, identify the fire incident that is most likely
to happen and its impact to the community.
At this point the Facilitator will facilitate the identification of various Lecture
30 Minutes
possible scenarios in the area based on their observations. Discussion
OUTPUT:
• The Participants having able to identify the various vulnerabilities of their area.
• A Fully Accomplished CFPP Form 2: Capabilities and Needs Assessment Form
109
Capabilities and Needs Assessment

Vulnerabilities are states of proneness to threats, whereas capabilities
are the capacity to respond to and address vulnerabilities. It is therefore
critical understanding what makes a community vulnerable to fire
emergencies and knowing what capabilities it can employ in order to
mitigate, respond to or totally eliminate threats.
After therefore assessing all threats, risks, probability, impact and

vulnerabilities, the planners should now focus on addressing these
issues and build up capabilities and establish the needed activities,
interventions and procedures. This can be done through the Capabilities
and Needs Assessment Form.
Vulnerabilities
Going back to the basic field factors in preparing the CFPP such as
Surface Area, Population Density and Sociology, Set-Up of Structures
and Material Composition and Environmental Factors, the vulnerabilities
can be identified. For the form above, indicate only the applicable
vulnerabilities based on the checklist. The checklist is specific for every
purók/sitio, identify only those vulnerabilities most common to every
sitio regardless of vulnerability level.
5.) LAND AND SURFACE VULNERABILITIES
a.) High density of structures / buildings.

b.) Close clustering of buildings.
c.) Limited accessibility for rescue vehicles
d.) Limited access to remote areas of the community.
e.) Means of access are obstructed or not easily navigable.
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f.) Inadequate directions or signage
(e.g. street names, markers, etc)
g.) Limited accessible/operational fire hydrants and
other water sources
h.) Limited evacuation areas or areas of safe refuge.
6.) POPULATION AND SOCIAL VULNERABILITIES

a.) High population density for the land area
(e.g. informal settlements)
b.) Poor housekeeping practice in general.
c.) Improper disposal of flammable domestic waste.
d.) Poor housing conditions.
e.) Improper electrification.
7.) SET-UP OF STRUCTURES AND MATERIAL
VULNERABILITIES
a.) Majority of buildings/structures made of light and easily
combustible materials.
b.) Inadequate building/structural separation (lack of firewalls
for row houses or adjacent houses)
c.) Proximity to mercantile facilities.
d.) Proximity to industrial facilities.
e.) Proximity to warehouses or large storage facilities.
f.) Limited compliance with building laws and regulations.
8.) ENVIRONMENTAL VULNERABILITIES
a.) Dominant winds in the direction of the greater part of the

residences.
b.) Proximity to grasslands with history of grass fires.
c.) Proximity to forested lands with history of forest fires.
d.) Inaccessible area due to high elevation. (e.g. cliff side;
mountainous, rugged terrain)
e.) Lack of natural bodies of water in the area.
f.) Relatively high heat index during summer / dry months.
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CFPP Form 2: Capabilities and Needs Assessment Form
Vulnerabilities Capabilities Needs Activities OPR Timeline
“Existing
“Needs that
capabilities, “Office or Person
will arise, be “Activities to “Timeframe of
“Prelisted actions, Responsible
it physical perform in order to implementation
vulnerabilities” programs within the
infrastructure, meet the needs” of activities”
relative to the barangay”
basic goods, etc.”
vulnerability”
Example:
Conduct of
purók / sitio
Chairperson,
seminar on good
Committee
Poor Weekly clean housekeeping
Information on Household January to
housekeeping up drive practice
Dissemination Affairs March
practice program (There can
be multiple
activities) BHW
Procedure to fill up CFPP Form 2: Capabilities and

Needs Assessment Form
1.) The purpose of the Capabilities and Needs Assessment Form is to

provide immediate solutions to noted issues in the community that
might pose risk and difficulty should a fire incident occur. Using
the Risk and Vulnerability Checklist per Sitio, the participants will
list down all vulnerabilities that were noted during the survey. (All
Vulnerabilities that were checked with “YES”)
2.) The participants will then list down these noted vulnerabilities on
the first column of the table of the CFPP Form 2.
3.) Taking into consideration every noted vulnerability, the

participant shall identify and provide solutions to each through
possible capabilities, needs, and possible activities. Capabilities
refers to existing programs, activities, and/or projects already
being implemented by the barangay that might address the
noted vulnerability. Whereas the Needs refers to adjustments and
additional programs that can ba added to the existing capabilities
to make it more adaptive in addressing the vulnerability.
The Activities refers to specific actions that must be taken to
implement the identified program in the Needs column.
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4.) The participants shall then identify the Office or Person
responsible in the barangay to implement the program as well as
the time table or time frame for its implementation.
5.) The participants shall only accomplish one (1) CFPP Form 2 for
the whole barangay taking note the common vulnerabilities
identified in every Sitio.
A. The Scenarios
The best way to plan is to actually see what you are planning for.
However since contingency planning is anticipatory (but hopefully
would not be used), the best way to anticipate events is through the
development of a scenario. For this purpose, all the data analyzed in this
chapter would boil down to developing possible scenarios and looking
into the anatomy of an event. In this way, planners can have the most
complete understanding possible of what could really happen should an
incident occur.
There are various methods in making scenarios. The IFRC suggests

the following methods:
Approach Advantages Best Use

• Planning for a single
Best, most likely • Provides a basis for planning for situation
and worst-case different scales of problem • When scenario
approach • Easy to understand and discuss development
involves many actors
• Good for planning for situations
which increase in magnitude over • Displacement
Augmentation time situations (Internally
approach displaced persons
• Easy to build plans which allow and refugees)
expansion of operations
• When rapid-onset
crises occur,
• Allows planners to adapt
response needs can
Timeline approach operations over time while a crisis
change very rapidly
evolves
in the initial days
and weeks
• Allows for a greater focus on
operations
Operationally • Can be used to develop more
• Situations that are
representative flexible plans
difficult to predict
approach • Can be used to identify
preparedness actions that help in
multiple situations
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For the CFPP, a combination of these approaches is suggested, wherein

the scenarios to be developed will be based on the vulnerability, impact
and probability assessment – vulnerability being the main consideration
and impact and probability the new quantifiers. The objective is to
visualize what will happen should a fire incident break out in any of the
identified most vulnerable areas (Red Zones), working out towards the less
vulnerable (Yellow Zones). The causes of fires will no longer be considered
because at this point it is presumed that any of the causes may actually be
the cause of the incident.
CFPP Form 3: Scenario Visualization Form
BAD WORSE WORST

SITUATION NO.
SCENARIO SCENARIO SCENARIO
“Provide
Description description of
the event” “What could “What could “What could
happen?” happen?” happen?”
“Most likely
Location
area of origin”
Increasing
“Range of
Affected range of
affected
Household affected
population”
population
“Rate
PROBABILITY probability for
this scenario”
“Rate possible
IMPACT impact of this
scenario”
Procedure to fill up CFPP Form 3: Scenario Visualization Form

1.) Taking note of the observations during the survey in every Sitio,
the participants guided by the facilitators shall visualize the fire
incidents that might possibly happen in the area.
2.) Using the Bad, Worse, and Worst Scenario approach, the
participants and facilitators shall identify the most likely scenario
that might happen in every Sitio of the community.
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3.) On the first half of the Scenarion Visualization Form, the
participants shall describe this possible fire incident, how it
might start, and what is the possible cause. It is important that
the participant describe the incident in detail.
4.) Likewise, at the box below the description, the participants

shall identify the possible location of the incident and the
number of household that might be affected.
5.) Moving from Bad to Worse to Worst case scenario, the

participants guide by the facilitators shall then visualize a
slightly exaggerated version of the description. (See example
below)
6.) Having completed the upper half of the CFPP Form 3, the
participants shall now then rate the probability or the chance
of which among the scenarios is the one that is most likely to
happen. Similarly, rate the possible impact.
7.) The participants shall accomplish at least one (1) scenario

visualization form for every Sitio.
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CFPP Form 3: Example

WORSE WORST
SITUATION NO. 1 BAD SCENARIO
SCENARIO SCENARIO
Fire incident Fire incident Fire incident that
that might that might might start in the
start from the start in the middle of the night
Fire incident
Fried Chicken middle of the from the Fried
Description that might start
Stand along night from the Chicken Stand
from the Fried
Road 1 due to Fried Chicken along Road 1 due
Chicken Stand
negligence of Stand along to negligence of
along Road 1 due
the cook. Road 1 due the cook. Said
to negligence of
to negligence incident affecting
the cook. Said
of the cook. the other fried
incident olny
Said incident chicken stands
Fried Chicken affects the row
affecting the and several
stand along of fried chicken
other fried apartment
Road 1 in stands and
chicken stands buildings and
Location front of the apartment
and several neighboring
the row of building in front
apartment buildings and
apartment of it.
buildings residences
buildings.
with several with multiple
casualties. casualties.
Affected 1 to 100 1 - 10 11 - 100

1 household
Household households households households
PROBABILITY 3 5 1
IMPACT 3 4 5
Note that situations will vary from location to location, as affected

by factors that determine vulnerability. Hence, different scenarios
should be made at different locations in the community. Using the
Barangay Hazard Vulnerability Checklist data, the facilitator together
with the planners must visualize the scenario as real. For guidance, the
following considerations are advised:
1.) Spread of fire from one area to another
2.) Difficulty in response operations due to traffic and accessibility
3.) Availability of hydrant and water sources
4.) Environmental considerations, such as wind direction
It is important that all possible scenarios be looked into. While

it is understood that no one can truly foresee exactly what is going
to happen during an incident, the purpose of making scenarios is to
produce the best scientific guess.
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MODULE Number : 5
MODULE Title : Prepare
Scope:
This module covers the identification of Activities that
prevent an incident or preparedness response should it
happen.
Learning Tools:
CFPP Workshop Manuscript Module 4
CFPP Form 4: Prevention Activities Form
CFPP Form 5: Response Procedure
Module 5
• Identify and implement activities for the community in line with

prevention of fire incident.
• List an inventory of resources and availability of person responsible for

the activity
• Identify programs and projects to be implemented in the community

in order to prevent a fire incident.
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MODULE TIMETABLE

10 Minutes • Review of the previous lesson Discussion
At this point, the Facilitator will introduce to the participants the
concepts of preparedness towards fire incidents through the discussion of
the following;
• Importance of Prevention,
• Response Procedures
• Mobilization, Communication, Evacuation and Control
• Detection and Alarm
• Crowd Control
• Traffic
• Resident’s Accountability, Search and Rescue
• First Response
• Evacuation Lecture
30 Minutes
Discussion
After the discussion, the Facilitator prepares the participants for the
identification of preparedness activities through;
• Discuss with the participants what are the possible prevention
activities that are usually used in the communities.
• Formulate program and projects/activities based on a scenario
discussed on earlier chapter.
• Identify the resources and availability of person involve in the
implementation an activity.
• Initiate a step by step action plan in the execution of the program/
projects identified.
• Consider the time frame and budgetary requirements in the execution
the activity.
After the discussion, the Facilitator then guides the participants in the
30 Minutes proper filling up CFPP Form 4: Prevention Activities Form. Activity
While the participants are preparing the CFPP Form 4, the CFPP
Workshop Team Leader together with the rest of the team members will
then likewise prepare the CFPP Form 5: Response Procedure
30 Minutes Activity
Note: A Copy of The CFPP Form 5: Response Procedure will be secured
by the BFP and compiled into a separate Response Procedures Handbook.
OUTPUT:
The Participants having able to identify the various vulnerabilities of their area.
• A Fully Accomplished CFPP Form 4: Prevention Activities Form.
• A fully Accomplished CFPP Form 5: Response Procedure
118
All good planners will tell you that next to thorough assessment is preparation.
What good is it knowing the hazard if one will not prepare for it. Critical in any
contingency plan is the amount of preparation that the planners can employ. As
much as possible, the preparations and action plans to be created are based on
identified individual scenarios. In this way, resources are maximized and efforts
are focused on where truly needed.
At this point, the two components of the CFPP will be in operation, Hazard
Elimination and Tactical Defense. These two correspond with the two main
areas of fire emergency preparedness: prevention and response. Hence, this
chapter aims to answer two questions 1) What will the planners do to prevent
the occurrence of fire? and 2) What to do in case of a fire incident?
Mobilization, Communication, Evacuation

and Control
In the midst of chaos, control must be imposed. In any

emergency, when everyone is in a frenzy to find safety, the role of
the authorities to be on top of things is demanded. Every member
of the responding team has to take control of the situation and
perform his assigned task. In every fire incident, there are logistical
and technical matters that must be considered in order to execute
the suppression operation efficiently. These consequences
include:
5.) Detection and Alarm
Response teams can only respond if a fire incident is reported.

The effectiveness of their response depends on how soon they
are informed. Fire grows rapidly by the second. Hence, it is critical
that a fire be reported immediately to the local fire station as soon
as it is noticed.
119
6.) Crowd Control
There is nothing organized within a calamity, the stress it

puts to people is so immense that their automatic reaction is to
panic. Their desire to be safe and their properties saved is indeed
powerful that in time they can overpower the responding units.
That is why crowd control is necessary. By law, the Philippine
National Police is directed to provide crowd control during fire
operations but just like how the alarm reach the fire station, if said
incidents would not be called to the attention of the Police nothing
will happen. That is why, it is vital that as soon as notification of
the alarm is made to the local fire station the same notification be
given to the Police for their response.
More than the frantic reaction of the public, loathing and
abuse should also be kept under control by the police and other
authorities.
7.) Traffic
No responding unit would ever reach the scene when all roads
are blocked. Not just by other vehicles but by people and their
belongings blocking the streets. With the type of vehicles used in
firefighting, greater mobility must be considered and be afforded
to the crew. Meaning as much as possible control over streets and
access passage towards the scene of the fire must be a priority.
From the very moment that a fire is noticed, the local authorities
must ensure that all streets that leads to the fire scene is cleared.
Most often, the streets become the instant evacuation area
rendering it unpassable which should not be the case. At all cost
for an effective suppression operation all roads and access points
must be cleared to provide the responding crew greater mobility.
8.) Resident’s Accountability, Search and Rescue
Responders would risk their lives to save savable lives and

property, but they won’t risk their lives for lives and properties that
are already lost. In any fire incident, the possibility of collateral
casualty is always there, what will save lives is if everyone would
account others for themselves. By simple knowing if there indeed
120
are remaining individuals trapped within the flaming structures
could provide the responding crew with the type of tactical
approach to employ towards the fire. Deployment of rescue
units with tools and equipment could be made and prioritization
of attack can also be made to those areas with trapped
individuals. Although it is advised to leave the technical rescue to
professionals, by simple being able to account for all individuals
would play a bog difference. With the CFPP focusing on small
clustering of neighborhood, physical accounting of individuals is
not impossible.
9.) First Response
No fire starts big. Meaning, fires started small and manageable.

But if not immediately extinguished, it grows by the second until
all is lost. That is why the role of the first responders are critical.
Able to immediately respond to the fire means everything. First
response doesn’t only pertain to firefighting but also to medical
first response.
10.) Evacuation
How you respond to fire matters, but what to do with affected

individuals are mandatory. Local authorities must ensure that a
pre-designated evacuation area is established and made known to
the public. During fire operations the very first thing people would
do is to vacate their residences and directly affected or not but
due to the damage that the collateral damage that the operation
may bring other individuals would require temporary refuge.
Evacuation is part of individual and group response to mass
incidents, and should not be neglected. Local authorities must
ensure that pre-designated safe evacuation areas are established
within their AOR and made known to the public. The area of safe
refuge is part of surviving and the mitigation of a disaster and its
effects.
121
CFPP FORM 4 & 5 Workshops:
Prevention Activities
In the previous chapter, the community’s capabilities and needs were

assessed, as well as the activities necessary in order to meet the needs.
At this point, it is important that these needs and activities be indeed
realized and implemented as they represent the first line of defense. But
key to every activity is the need for resources and availability of the OPR.
Inventory of these considerations has to be made in order to give the
planners a bigger perspective. The form below will guide planners in this
exercise.
CFPP Form 4: Prevention Activities Form

BUDGETARY
NEEDS ACTIVITIES OPR SCHEDULE/S
REQUIREMENTS
“Needs that “Provide tentative
“Office or
will arise be “Activities to dates for the “Rough estimate
person
it physical perform in activities and of expenses that
responsible
infrastructure, order to meet related items such the activity may
within the
basic goods, the needs” as location / venue require”
barangay”
etc. if applicable.
Procedure to Fill-up CFPP Form 4: Prevention Activities

Form
1.) CFPP Form 4 identifies possible prevention activities and programs

that can be implemented in order to address the vulnerabilities,
the possible scenarios and the needs identified in CFPP form 2.
2.) For this activity, the participants are to identify programs

and projects that would address specific vulnerabilities in the
barangays. Projects such as, construction of fire hydrants,
procurement of firefighting equipment, clean up drives and
information campaigns are some of the good example.
3.) It should be noted that the programs should be those that are
tangible and can be implemented. The participants can identify
as many proposals that they can provide it will be implemented.
4.) The CFPP Form 4 shall serve as the barangay’s commitment to

reduce fire incident in their area.
122
The Response Procedure
What use is there of a well-thought plan if its execution is

blurry. Hence, a clear, coordinated response procedure is necessary
to carefully choreograph the response to a fire incident. This is brought
about by fully understanding all the needed data and information in
responding to fire in every area of the community. This is why, for the
CFPP, Fire Emergency Data has be prepared for every purók, sector or
even small residential compounds in a community. The CFPP Form 5
will guide the planners in this exercise:
Sample Sketch of the Purók / Sitio
123
CFPP Form 5: Purók / Sitio Fire Response Data
NAME OF SITIO
Vulnerability zone Vulnerability Rating
POPULATION AND HOUSEHOLD

Number of Household Number of Families
Number of Individuals Estimated Land Area
ROUTE
Primary Route During Operation Names of streets along route.
Estimated Time Actual Tested
Distance from the Fire Station
of Travel Travel Time
Secondary Route During
Names of streets along route.
Operation
Estimated Time Actual Tested
Distance from the Fire Station
of Travel Travel Time
Entry Point for Responding Trucks
Entry Point for Refilling Trucks
ACCESS ROAD TO THE AREA

“Dirt / concrete /
Road “Yes or No” Width “road width” Pavement
asphalt”
Narrow Alleys
Passable for “Pumpers / Tankers / Penetrators
Additional Entry Alleys “Name additional access alleys”
Number of Hoses Needed to Cover Farthest Area
HYDRANT AND WATER SOURCES

DISTANCE FROM THE
LOCATION RATE OF DISCHARGE STATUS
AREA
“List down sources within
1km radius”
Other Water Sources “Yes or No” Type and Location
CFAG RESPONDERS
Chief CFAG “Name” Contact No.
Fire Defense Team
“Name” Contact No.
Leader
EVACUATION AREAS
Primary Evacuation Area Location/ Distance
Secondary Evacuation Area Location/ Distance
REMARKS
Fire Truck Parking Arrangement
Engine Relay
Adjacent Facilities/ Structures
124
Procedure to Fill-up CFPP Form 5: Purók/Sitio
Fire Response Data
1.) CFPP Form 5 is the BFP’s take-away output of the workshop. The
purpose of this form is to serve as a handy tool in responding to
fire incidents in the sitio/purok.
2.) The Team Leader of the CFPP Workshop Team prepares

Form 5, with the assistance of the remaining members and the
Risk-Vulnerability Checklist.
3.) Using the RVC, the team leader fill’s up Form 5 mindful of the
details in requires.
4.) After the workshop, all accomplished Form 5 are to be consolidated

and filed in a Fire Response Handbook, to be used during fire
incidents.
5.) All Engine drivers and Crew Chief should at all times review all
Form 5 in the handbook for better familiarity.
125
126
MODULE Number : 6
MODULE Title : Test and Improve
Scope:
This Module covers the concepts of Testing and
Improvement as an integral part of the CFPP.
Learning Tools:
CCFPP Workshop Manuscript Module 6
• Understand the importance of testing their preparedness measures

through simulations and drills;
Module 6
• Understand Gaps and the Needs for adjustments in order to improve
the CFPP.
• Understand how and when the CFPP can be improved.
127
MODULE TIMETABLE

15 Minutes • Review of the previous lesson Discussion
At this point the Facilitator, after guiding the participants accomplish
the CFPP Planning tools, will discuss the concepts of Test and Improve as
important component of the CFPP.
• Discuss the importance of conducting Drills and Simulation and

discuss the Fire Drill Evaluation Checklist.
• Discuss the process of identifying Gaps and proposing Adjustments

after every Drill and Simulation. The CFPP Form 6: Preparedness Lecture and
30 Minutes
Gaps and Adjustment Assessment Form is the only checklist not Demonstration
accomplished during the workshop, instead after the scheduled
drill.
• Discuss the principles of Improving the CFPP as a dynamic

contingency plan as well as the right time to improve it.
• Resident’s Accountability, Search and Rescue
OUTPUT:
The Participants having able to identify the various vulnerabilities of their area.
• The Participants having understood the importance of testing their preparedness measures through
simulations and drills;
• Understood Gaps and the Needs for adjustments in order to improve the CFPP.
• Understood how and when the CFPP can be improved.
128
A. TEST
Plans should be tested, evaluated, and modified for effectiveness.

By means of drills, simulations, and role-plays, planners can gain
discoveries, ideas, and insights into the execution and management
of planned actions. At the same time, concretization, awareness,
appreciation, skill, interest, confidence, and knowledge retention
can all be attained through participation in such exercises by the
local populace who otherwise could not gain such understanding by
mere discussion or reading.
The purpose of this chapter is to set up a standardized procedure

in the conduct of drills and simulations and a method of evaluating
them. Practicing through drills is one thing, but evaluating the
performance provides for improvement. One must consider that
the plan created at the moment of the workshop is the best guess of
what the event would look like. It is not the actual emergency. Thus,
variations of recorded data will tend to happen. Through drills, the
gap will close. Planners will be able to observe whether preparations
made are enough or inadequate. This chapter answers the question
“Will the plan work and what more can be done?”
129
1.) Drills and Simulations
By current practice, drills in communities are performed

through small demonstration of how to extinguish fires at home in
its incipient stage. But in order to test the entire CFPP, community
fire suppression operation will be made regularly.
As a matter of policy, community fire drills and simulation
exercises have to be performed in every purók / sitio at least once
in a year. All units of the community have to be involved, that is,
the entire neighborhood is encouraged to participate, especially
those within the RED, ORANGE and YELLOW Zones. The conduct
of drills must not only revolve around extinguishing the dummy
fire, but the whole suppression operation – from the moment
the station is notified, to the transit towards the fire scene, to the
initial mobilization of the first responders – and all considerations,
with all the operational consequences discussed in the previous
chapter.
The kind of drill or simulation to be performed has to be based
on the scenarios previously looked into with due consideration for
the worst possible event. This is the only way for the firefighting
crew and the local authorities to see what the actual event would
look like.
Through communal cooperation within the neighborhood,
each member of the community would have an appreciation for
preparations being made. Performed regularly, simulations will
eventually be part of their system, making prevention measures
more effective.
2.) Evaluation
The purpose of drills and simulations is to test the plans.

Through proper evaluation, both the responding unit and the local
authorities can gauge their performance. In order to establish
a standard evaluation procedure, the CFPP Fire Drill Evaluation
Checklist is prepared.
130
Evaluation
DRILL PHASES AND POINT CRITERIA YES NO N/A
1. INCIDENT / ALARM PHASE
a. Community leaders alerted within 1 minute of notification of fire.
b. Fire Station personnel informed within 1 minute of the fire.
c. Neighborhood alerted immediately.
d. Other law enforcement & security agencies notified.
2. MOBILIZATION / RESPONSE PHASE

a. Fire Command Center immediately established.
b. CFAG/First responders present on the scene within 2–3 minutes.
c. Firefighting team present on the scene within 5–7 minutes.
d. Traffic control activated & fire scene controlled.
e. Tactical firefighting procedures performed.

Fire extinguished within pre-set time. (The C/MFM sets
f.
the time coverage depending on the scenario.)
g. Responders performing operation with proper PPE and safety.
3. EVACUATION AND EMERGENCY MEDICAL OPERATION

a. Evacuation clear of hazard & obstruction.
b. Evacuation route properly marked with signage.
c. Evacuees able to reach evacuation area unhurt and in order.
d. Evacuees all accounted for.
e. Missing individuals duly reported to IC.
f. Presence of leadership & command during evacuation.
g. Rescuers activated & performing.
h. Proper extrication of trapped victims.
i. Triage area established & triage performed.
j. Victims given proper emergency medical attention.
k. Special person’s needs properly accommodated.
l. Drill participants active & seriously participated in the drill.
4. DEMOBILIZATION
a. Announcement of termination of drill.
b. Critiquing gaps & adjustments.
131
3.) Gaps and Adjustments
The conduct of drills and simulations will expose gaps

within the plans and the actual situation during operations.
These gaps have to be duly noted and considered and proper
adjustments have to be made. Most often, the gaps will revolve
around response time, underperformance of team members, and
difficulty in mobility. But in order to make sure that no gaps are
left unchecked, the planners must consider this simple formula,
based on IFRC:
“Gaps Adjustments = Actual Preparedness Measure – Existing

Preparedness Capacities”.
CFPP Form 6: Preparedness Gaps and Adjustment Assessment Form
ISSUES EXISTING PLAN GAPS OPR
“Issues and “Actions that

concerns noted “Actions made based should have been “Person responsible to
during the on the CFPP” done based on make the adjustments”
operation” noted issues”
Procedure to Fill-up CFPP Form 6: Preparedness Gaps

and Adjustment Assessment Form
1.) Prepared after every Drill and Simulation, the purpose of CFPP
Form 6 is to address the noted inconsistencies and/or issues with
any of the existing preparedness plans and procedures compared
to actual events and experiences during the drill.
2.) On the first column “Issues”, the participants shall list down any
issue or concern that were noted during the drill. Concerns can
either be with regards to infrastracture, response or action of
the community, failures on either part of the CFAG or the BFP,
coordination issues, mobility, and many other concerns that
affects the conduct of the drill.
3.) Taking note of said concerns, on the next column “Existing

Plan”, the participants shall take note which among the pre-
identified preparedness plan or program (CFPP Form 2 and 4) was
unresponsive or needs to be updated.
132
4.) In the next column “Gaps”, the participants shall then recommend
adjustments and/or actions that should have been implemented
or should be implemented to meet the noted issues and concerns.
Following this column on the “OPR”, the person or office
responsible to effect these adjustments should also be identified.
5.) During the Post Evaluation or Analysis of the drill and simulation,
the participants shall take note as many issues and concern as
possible in order to reinforce the CFPP. After every actual fire
incident that might happen in the community, the same Gaps and
Assessment Form should likewise be accomplished.
B. IMPROVE
Every plan has to be dynamic, it must not be simply shelved.

This is true to contingency plans wherein it must constantly be
updated in order to stay relevant. As time passes quickly so does
technologies and the circumstances. The plans that be applicable
today may no longer be effective just a few months or year later. That
is why it has to be updated and re-evaluated constantly.
In this chapter, both the planners and the facilitators must

give due consideration on rooms for further improvement. Constant
dialogues must be made and coordination be performed in order to
adopt the CFPP to current settings. It doesn’t matter of how good a
plan is, what matters most is that it has to be alive. It must evolve and
it must stay relevant.
This chapter answers the question “What can be improved?”

Improvement be it big or small are vital specially if the matters to
cover for are the crucial portions of the plan.
133
1.) Regular Updating
Change is certain, and one must cope with change to stay on

track. The CFPP must be updated regularly. Updating depends
on the level of change in local communities. For example, as
urbanization increases, vulnerability rankings have to be re-
evaluated. As the level of risk increases, a re-assessment of the
risks, probability, and impact is needed.
It is suggested that the CFPP be re-evaluated biannually
(excluding regular drills and simulations), if no incident has
occurred. Contact information and names of point persons have
to be updated as well. New members have to be oriented.
The schedule for re-evaluation of the CFPP must be closely
monitored by the local fire station.
2.) After Operation Evaluation
As suggested in Chapter 4, the CFPP and the readiness of its

enactors will be truly tested during actual firefighting operations.
This is where every portion of the plan can be truly evaluated and
direct interventions can then be made. It is also during actual
operations that the skills of the enactors of the plan will be tested.
For this reason, an After-Operation Evaluation has to be made
between the BFP crew and the members of the community who
responded to the incident. It is the duty of the Fire Marshal to
ensure that this activity is done right after every response. Results
of the evaluation have to be reflected in the CFPP, especially if
major improvements have to be made.
134
ANNEX A
CFPP FORMS
ANNEXES
A. RISK VULNERABILITY CHECKLIST
B. HOUSEHOLD FIRE SAFETY SURVEY CHECKLIST
C. FIRE DRILL EVALUATION CHECKLIST
D. CFPP WORKSHOP PLANNING TOOLS

(CFPP Forms 1-6)
1.) CAUSES – RISK ASSESSMENT REPORT

2.) CAPABILITIES AND NEEDS ASSESSMENT REPORT
3.) SCENARIO VISUALIZATION REPORT
4.) PREVENTION ACTIVITIES REPORT
5.) PUROK / SITIO FIRE RESPONSE DATA
6.) PREPAREDNESS GAPS AND ADJUSTMENT
ASSESSMENT REPORT
135
Annexes
136
137
Annexes
138
139
Annexes
140
141
Annexes
142
143
Annexes
144
145
Annexes
146
Annexes
147 147
Annexes
ANNEX B
OPCR - IPCR MATRIX

ANNEXES
SAMPLE OPCR – IPCR Target and

Accomplishment Matrix
148
149
Annexes
150
151
Annexes
152
ANNEX C
DILG CIRCULAR 2019-040

ANNEXES
Implementation of
in All Barangays Nationwide
153
Annexes
154
155
Annexes
156
157

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PROJECT BAYANIHAN

OPLAN LIGTAS NA PAARALAN

ISBN 978 – 621– 96165 – 3 – 9 SB

is the only program of the BFP that has a comprehensive implementing

After careful consideration, an updated version of the guidebook is

It is the hope of this office, that through this comprehensive

— OLP NATIONAL CONTROLLER

BOOK 1: OPLAN LIGTAS NA PAMAYANAN 9

BOOK 2: BFP MEMO CIRCULAR 2022-028 27

BOOK 3: KAAGAPAY AND LINGAP PROGRAM 49

BOOK 4: STANDARDIZED CFPP WORKSHOP 62

BOOK 5: ANNEXES 135

OPLAN LIGTAS NA PAMAYANAN

OPLAN LIGTAS NA PAMAYANAN

Goals and Objectives

2. One Standard Community-Based Fire Protection Plan for the entire

2. Decrease the occurrence of fires in the most vulnerable parts of

3. Establish strong partnerships, through agreements, between local

4. Encourage communities to develop their own Community Fire

5. Reduce the number of fire-related deaths and injuries by 5% every

The Handang-Pamayanan Program champions two refocused

The Community Hazard Map shall be an important attachment of the

The BAYANIHAN Program is a neighborhood-based initiative anchored

Activity Objectives: 4. Conduct of CFAG

Monthly accomplishment report of conducted activities.

4. COMMUNITY EVALUATION AND

A certificate with BAYANIHAN SEAL of a fire-safe community shall be

List of yearly awardees, compliant and non-compliant barangays with the

Policy and guidelines for this program will be issued separately.

A. Initiation or Preparatory Phase

Initiation or Preparatory Phase shall start immediately upon approval

1.) Coordination with stakeholders;

3.) Budget planning or inclusion of the activities in 2019 PPMP and

4.) Formulation of guidelines, standard operating procedures,

6.) Completion of all other requisites of the plan; and,

7.) Crafting of implementing plans for this Oplan by the regions.

These activities shall be completed before the end of 2018.

B. Implementation or Action Phase

Implementation or Action Phase shall start in January 2019. All regions

To ensure that the program will be implemented effectively, all regional

One to One (1:1) Plan:

Evaluation or Turning Point Phase. Two years after the implementation

1.) Directorate for Fire Safety Enforcement (DFSE)

a.) Shall assist the Chief, BFP in the formulation of guidelines,

2.) Directorate for Operation (DO)

a.) Shall assist the Chief, BFP in the formulation of guidelines,

3.) Directorate for Human Resource Development

a.) Shall assist the Chief, BFP in the formulation of guidelines,

4.) Directorate for Personnel and Records Management

a.) Facilitate the personnel strength requirement of the program,

5.) Directorate for Comptrollership (DC)

a.) Shall assist the Chief, BFP in the formulation of guidelines,

a.) Shall assist the Chief, BFP in the formulation of guidelines

7.) Directorate for Plans (DP)

a.) Shall assist the Chief, BFP in the formulation of guidelines,

8.) Directorate for Investigation and Intelligence (DII)

a.) Provide the directorate in charge of development of this

9.) Director for Communication and Information

a.) Shall assist the Chief, BFP in the formulation of guidelines,

10.) Chief, Public Information Services

a.) Shall collaborate with other entities for the popularization of

11.) The Regional Headquarters

The Community Fire Auxiliary Group or CFAG, established under the

BFP MEMORANDUM CIRCULAR