Factors Underlying Disasters

• Climate Change
• Environmental Degradation
• Poverty and Inequality
• Poorly planned and Managed Urban
Development
• Weak Governance
 Climate Change
• It is a change in the statistical distribution of
weather patterns when that change last for an
extended period of time (i.e., decades to million of
years).

• Means the alteration of the world’s climate that we

humans are causing such as burning of fossil
fuels, deforestation and other practices that
increase the carbon footprint and concentration of
greenhouse gases in the atmosphere.
 Environmental Degradation

• It is the deterioration of the environment through the

depletion of resources such as air, water and soil; the
destruction of ecosystems and the extinction of
wildlife.
• Changes to the environment can influence the
frequency and intensity of hazards, as well as our
exposure and vulnerability to these hazards.
 Poverty and Inequality

• Impoverished people are more likely to live in

hazard-exposed areas and are less able to invest in
risk-reducing measures. The lack of access to
insurance and social protection means that people in
poverty are often forced to use their already limited
assets to buffer disaster losses, which drives them into
further poverty.
Poorly Planned and Managed Urban Development
• A new wave of urbanization is unfolding in
hazard-exposed countries and with it, new
opportunities for resilient investment emerge.
People, poverty, and disaster risk are increasingly
concentrated in cities. The growing rate of
urbanization and the increase in population density
(in cities) can lead to creation of risk, especially
when urbanization is rapid, poorly planned and
occurring in a context of widespread poverty.
 WEAK GOVERNANCE
•Weak governance zones are investment environments in
which public sector actors are unable or unwilling to assume
their roles and responsibilities in protecting rights, providing
basic services and public services. Disaster risk is
disproportionately concentrated in lower-income countries
with weak governance. Disaster risk governance refers to
the specific arrangements that societies put in place to
manage their disaster risk within a broader context of risk
governance.
 EFFECTS OF DISASTER IN ONE’S LIFE

• Medical Effects
• Damage to Critical Facilities
• Disruption of Transportation
• Economic Impact
• Global Environmental Change
• Social and Political Impact
 DAMAGE TO CRITICAL FACILITIES

• Widespread disasters can destroy or damage facilities

that may be critical not only in maintaining a safe
environment and public order, but also in responding to
the disaster.
 MEDICAL EFFECTS

• The medical effects of disasters include traumatic

injuries, emotional stress, epidemic diseases and
indigenous diseases.
 ECONOMIC IMPACT
• As a result of the destruction and damage to
critical facilities especially to transportation and
communication facilities, disasters disrupt
economies as normal business operations and
other economic activities are curtailed.
 GLOBAL ENVIRONMENTAL CHANGE
• There is increasing evidence of global climatic
change brought about by human activity and
disasters. The changes could result in a wide
range of more hazards such as wildfires and
mudslides, reduced productivity in the oceans, and
weakened immune systems of people and
animals.
 SOCIAL AND POLITICAL IMPACT
• As a large segment of the population in developing
countries consists the poor, who are the most
vulnerable whenever a disaster strikes, these
countries are the most affected. When disasters
happen, social and political inequalities are usually
exposed, which may lead to major and social
changes.
DISASTER FROM DIFFERENT PERSPECTIVE
• Physical Perspective
• Psychological Perspective
• Socio-cultural Perspective
• Economic Perspective
• Political Perspective
• Biological Perspective
 PHYSICAL PERSPECTIVE

• Disasters generally affect the physical infrastructural

facilities, agricultural productivity and even lead to
loss of life and cause damage to property.
 PSYCHOLOGICAL PERSPECTIVE
• Disasters are most likely unpredictable which leave the
victims in a state of shock. They tend to deny the loss and
try to escape from reality.
• Victims of disasters may suffer form Post Traumatic Stress
Disorder (PTSD) and other serious mental health
condition, which are not being given much attention to by
the authorities or even by the victims, themselves.
 SOCIO-CULTURAL PERSPECTIVE

• Filipinos are generally known as “matiisin”,

resourceful, helpful, optimistic, and prayerful. These
traits help a lot of Filipinos to survive in times of
disasters. To people who are used to natural
disasters like typhoons, flash floods, and volcanic
eruptions most citizen would find contentment with
what they have at the moment.
 ECONOMIC PERSPECTIVE

• Disasters affect the economic condition of a

community because they reduce local and
international trade. It can also partially or totally
paralyze a country’s transportation system.
 POLITICAL PERSPECTIVE
• Natural disasters are commonly thought to be less
politically argumentative than armed conflicts, yet closer
look shows that both the effects of a natural disaster and
the resulting distribution of humanitarian aid are
profoundly linked in politics.
• Since agencies of government have a significant role to
play in directing disaster preparedness, prevention, and
recovery. Social systems establish vulnerability to natural
disasters and governments are often considered to be
responsible for the disaster effects.
 BIOLOGICAL PERSPECTIVE

• Disasters causes injuries and loss of lives.