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2A/ THE SIMPLE PAST TENSE

I. C¸ch chia:
1. To be: was/ were
2. Modal verbs: can-could; may-might ; must-had to
3. Ordinary verbs:
3.1. ThÓ kh¼ng ®Þnh:
* §éng tõ cã qui t¾c: V- ed; C¸ch thµnh lËp V-ed
+ Nh÷ng ®éng tõ kÕt thóc b»ng e -> chØ thªm -d.
E.g. like - liked ; dance - danced; play – played …..
+ Nh÷ng ®éng tõ cã 1 nguyªn ©m, kÕt thóc b»ng phô ©m -> nh©n ®«i phô ©m cuèi råi thªm -ed.
E.g. stop - stopped; step - stepped; drag – dragged,…..
+ Nh÷ng ®éng tõ kÕt thóc b»ng y -> ®æi y thµnh i råi thªm ed (= ied)
E.g. try - tried; marry - married; cry – cried,……
+ Víi nh÷ng ®éng tõ kh¸c, chØ thªm -ed
E.g. open - opened; look - looked; stay -stayed; work - worked,…….
* §éng tõ bÊt qui t¾c: Tra cøu cét 2 b¶ng ®éng tõ bÊt qui t¾c- sgk.
E.g. do - did; write - wrote; come - came; go - went; speak- spoke,…..
3.2. ThÓ phñ ®Þnh & nghi vÊn:
- ThÓ phñ ®Þnh vµ nghi vÊn cã d¹ng thøc chung cho c¶ ®éng tõ cã qui t¾c vµ bÊt qui t¾c: ®éng tõ chÝnh
trong c©u trë vÒ d¹ng nguyªn thÓ.
E.g. - She did not go to school yesterday.
- They didn’ t work last weekend.
- Did you enjoy your holiday? ~ Yes, I did.
- Did he buy any books? ~ No, he didn't.
II. ý nghÜa: Th× QK§G dïng trong nh÷ng t×nh huèng sau ®©y:
1. Miªu t¶ hµnh ®éng, sù kiÖn, t×nh tr¹ng đã x¶y ra vµ kÕt thóc trong qu¸ khø.
E.g: - We played football yesterday.
- He died 12 years ago.
- I lived in London for 5 years.
- He liked sweets very much when he was small.
2. Miªu t¶ hµnh ®éng x¶y ra lÆp ®i lÆp l¹i trong qu¸ khø, thãi quen trong qu¸ khø
E.g. - They went to Spain every year until 1995.
- When I was small, I usually went swimming with my father.
- Last summer I spent 2weeks in Doson.

Notes: §Ó miªu t¶ thãi quen trong qu¸ khø cßn cã thÓ dïng: Used to vµ Would
* Used to miªu t¶ thãi quen, t×nh tr¹ng trong qu¸ khø mµ kh«ng cßn tån t¹i ë hiÖn t¹i n÷a.
E.g. - When I was small, I used to like sweets very much.
- Tom and Peter didn't use to like each other much, but now they are good friends.
Notes:
- ThÓ kh¼ng ®Þnh: Used to + ®éng tõ nguyªn thÓ
- ThÓ phñ ®Þnh: Did not use to (didn’ t use to) + ®éng tõ nguyªn thÓ
- ThÓ nghi vÊn : Did .... use to + ®éng tõ nguyªn thÓ?
* Would miªu t¶ thãi quen trong qk, hoÆc thãi quen ®iÓn h×nh cña ai ®ã.
E.g. - He used to love her very much. Everyday he would buy her a bunch of flowers.
- Whenever she was angry, she would shout loudly.
3. Miªu t¶ 1 chuçi hµnh ®éng x¶y ra liªn tiÕp, hµnh ®éng nµy nèi tiÕp hµnh ®éng kia
E.g. - He got up, quickly dressed and rushed to school.
- He stopped, looked through the glass, knocked at the door and walked in.
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2B/ THE PAST CONTINUOUS TENSE
I. C¸ch chia: was/were + V-ing
E.g. - I was phoning my teacher when I saw her at the door.
- They were playing when it poured with rain.
II. ý nghÜa Th× QKTD dïng trong c¸c tr-êng hîp sau:
1. Miªu t¶ hµnh ®éng diÔn ra trong 1 kho¶ng thêi gian trong QK
E.g. - What were you doing at 6.00 this morning? - I was watching TV.
(I started watching before 6.00 and continued after 6.00)
Notes: Th× QKTD miªu t¶ hµnh ®éng, sù viÖc ®ang diÔn ra trong qu¸ khø th× bÞ c¾t ngang bëi 1 hµnh
®éng kh¸c ®-îc diÔn t¶ bëi th× QK§G. Hai hµnh ®éng nµy th-êng ®-îc diÔn ®¹t b»ng c©u phøc dïng
mÖnh ®Ò thêi gian b¾t ®Çu b»ng: when, as, while
E.g - I was doing my homework when Jack arrived.
- When the teacher arrived, the students were talking.
- While I was cooking dinner, my sons were playing games. Suddenly the telephone rang.
(Two activities (cooking and playing) were happening at the same time in the past)
2. Miªu t¶ khung c¶nh nÒn cña 1 c©u truyÖn, cßn th× QK§G miªu t¶ hµnh ®éng
E.g. - The moon was shining through the window. Lan came into the room, sat down on the bed,
and started reading her story.
3. Miªu t¶ sù thay ®æi tr¹ng th¸i, t×nh tr¹ng, sù ph¸t triÓn hoÆc xu h-íng trong QK
E.g. - It was getting darker, so they decided to stop.
- The car was getting worse all the time.
4. Miªu t¶ th¸Ý ®é chØ trÝch, phª ph¸n thãi quen kh«ng tÝch cùc trong qu¸ khø cña ai ®ã
E.g. - When James was at school, he was always losing things.
PRACTICE FOR 2A & 2B
Complete the story with the past tense of the verbs in brackets.
Last Tuesday Peter Kerry, 14,……….. (have) an argument with his father, when Peter ………..(drop) a
tin of spaghetti. Later, when the rest of the family………. (go) to a football match, Peter ……………(decide) to
run away. He…………. (steal) his father’s passport and credit cards. Then he …………… (catch) the train to
Heathrow airport and…………… (book) a flight to Malaysia. The ticket……………. (cost) $499. When Peter’s
family………… (come) home, Peter………… (be) already on his way to Kuala Lumpur. Passport officials in
London and Kuala Lumpur ………… (not stop) him and he…………… (enter) Malaysia with no problems.
From Kuala Lumpur he ………… (travel) on to Johor Baharu. He ………… (try) to check into a hotel, but the
receptionist………… (refuse) to accept his credit card. He………… (call) his parents and …………… (tell)
them that he……… (be) in Malaysia. Then he………. (leave) Johor Baharu and ……… (get) a lift to Kota
Baharu. Here Malaysian police finally………… (find) him. They…………… (take) him back to Kuala Lumpur
and ……….. (put) him on a plane to London. His parents………… (feel) very happy, but they………… (be)
worried about the future. “This isn’t the first time,” ……. (say) his father. “Last year he…… (run) away to Paris.
Complete the story, using the verbs given.
Rescued arrived climbed killed called invited couldn't get down ran over put up
offered was waiting were leaving was working was playing
On 14th January 1978 Mrs. Brewin 1………… in her garden. Her cat, Henry, 2…………. around her. It
3…………… a tree in the garden and 4......…….., so she 5……….. the Fire Brigade. While she 6………………
for them to arrive, she 7…………….. him some fish to try to get him down. The army finally 8……………,
9……………… their ladder and 10……………. the cat. Mrs. Brewin was delighted and 11…………….. them in
for some tea. But as they 12………… ten minutes later, they 13 …………… the cat and 14……………. him.
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Put the verbs in the brackets in the correct tenses: past simple or past continuous.
1. While I (come)………………. to work this morning, I (meet)……………….. an old friend.
2. I (not want) ………….to get up this morning. It (rain) ……..…and it was so cold, and my bed was so warm.
3. I (listen)……………… to the news on the radio when the phone (ring)………………….
4. But when I (pick)……………………….. up the phone, there was no one there.
5. I said "hello" to the children, but they didn't say anything because they (watch)……….. television.
6. I (light)…………… the fire at 6.00 and it (burn)…………. brightly when Tom came at 7.00.
7. I (make)………….. the cake when the light went out. I (have)……….. to finish it in the dark.
8. I didn't want to meet Paul so when he entered the room, I (leave)…………………..
9.When I arrived, Ann (just/leave)………………….., so we only had time for a few words.
10. He (watch)………………… TV when the phone rang. Very unwillingly, he (turn)……………. down the
sound and (go)…………………….. to answer it.
11. When I arrived, she (have)…………………… lunch. She apologized for starting without me but she always
(lunch)…………………. at 12.30.
12. The burglar (open)……….. the safe when he (hear)……… footsteps. He immediately (put) ………. out his
torch and (crawl) ………… under the bed.
13. He (clean) ………..his gun when it accidentally (go) ………. off and (kill) ………..him.
14. He (not allow) …………..us to go out in the boat yesterday as a strong wind (blow)……………...
15. As I (cross) ……… the road, I (step) ……… on a banana skin and (fall) ………. heavily. I still
(lie) …………. on the road when I (see) ……….a lorry approaching. Luckily, the driver (see) …… me and
(stop)……. the lorry in time.
16. When I (hear) ……….. his knock, I (go) ………. to the door and (open) ……….. it, but I
(not/recognize) ……………. him at once because I (not/wear) …………… my glasses.
17. While the guests (dance) ……………., thieves (break) …………. into the house and (steal) ……….. a lot of
fur coats.
18. I realized that someone (steal) ………… my wallet when I (feel) ………… their hand in my jacket pocket.
19. Nobody (watch) …………, so the little boy (take) ………. the packet of sweets from the shelf and
(put) ………….. it in his pocket.
20. I (not/understand) …………..what (go) …………..on. Several people (shout) ………….at me, and one
(wave) ……………a newspaper in front of my face.
Complete the text with the words given.
Abroad years down climates born left his preferred didn’t now started far died
nearly university lost agree to when moved ago child for
Geoff and his family moved around a lot when he was a………(1), because his parents
couldn’t ………… (2) where to live. His father wanted to live………… (3), because he liked warm ………(4),
but his mother ……… (5) Britain. Geoff was ………...(6) in Peru, but he and his sister Bonnie grew up mostly in
England. The family …………. (7) Peru when he was about four ………..(8) old and went to
England ………… (9) grandfather was ill and his mother wanted to be near him. They ……….(10) stay in
England long, however, as Geoff’s grandfather …..….(11). His father then got a job in the ………(12) East, in
Singapore. They were there for ………..(13) five years, but then his father ……….. (14) his job when his
company closed …………(15). They moved back ……….(16) Britain ……….(17) his father got a job in
Scotland. They were only in Scotland ………….(18) about six months, however. It was too cold there, so
they ………….(19) to south London. Geoff ………….(20) secondary school and so they stayed there until he
left school and went to …………..(21). About two years …………(22) Geoff got a place at a university in
Canada, and that’s where he is……………(23).
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Put the following sentences into English
1. Tèi qua chóng t«i ®ang ¨n tèi th× anh Êy ®Õn ch¬i.
-> ……………………………………………………………………………………………………
2. Mai ®ang häc bµi th× mÊt ®iÖn. C« Êy quyÕt ®Þnh ®i ngñ sím
-> …………………………………………………………………………………………………….
3. Mét chiÕc xe t¶i ®ang ®i rÊt nhanh th× nã ®©m vµo mét chiÕc xe h¬i. Nh÷ng ng-êi qua ®-êng xóm l¹i rÊt nhanh.
Ai ®ã gäi xe cøu th-¬ng vµ c¶nh s¸t tíi.
-> …………………………..…………………………………………………….…………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………
4. Håi häc phæ th«ng, Minh th-êng quªn s¸ch vë ë nhµ vµ thÇy c« th-êng phª b×nh cËu Êy.
-> …………………………………………………………………………………………………….
5. Håi cßn trÎ Minh th-êng ®i ch¬i khuya vµ cha mÑ cËu Êy rÊt buån v× ®iÒu ®ã.
-> ……………………………………………………………………………………………………
6. Tr-íc ®©y anh Êy së h÷u mét ng«i nhµ lín, nh-ng b©y giê anh Êy sèng trong mét c¨n hé nhá.
-> …………………………………………………………………………………………………….
7. H«m qua ®i dù sinh nhËt An b¹n mÆc c¸i g×? ~ M×nh mÆc mét chiÕc v¸y mµu xanh da trêi.
-. ……………………………………………………………………………………………………
8. Susan ®ang n»m ph¬i n¾ng trong khi mÊy du kh¸ch ®ang cho chim bå c©u ¨n.
-> …………………………………………………………………………………………………….
9. Tèi h«m qua t«i gäi ®iÖn cho b¹n nh-ng b¹n kh«ng tr¶ lêi. Lóc ®ã b¹n ®ang lµm g× vËy?
-> …………………………………………………………………………………………………….
10. Håi sèng ë Italia ngµy nµo b¹n còng ¨n mú èng µ?
-> ……………………………………………………………………………………………………
Choose the best answer to complete each of the following sentences.
1. A fire-fighter……………severely while he……………to put out a fire.
A. was being injured/would help B. has been injured/helped
C. had been injured/has helped D. was injured/was helping
2. Before you asked, the letter……………. .
A. was written B. had been written C. had written D. has been written
3. They…………….running their own company in 1990.
A. started B. have started C. are starting D. start
4. - “I phoned but you didn’t answer it. You must have gone out.” - “…………….”.
A. I did B. I was C. I must D. I agree
5. By the time I came here all the better jobs…………….taken.
A. have been B. were C. are D. had been
6. I’m not sure who should be punished for the incident. Certainly not Nancy, since she ……….of possible dangers.
A. hasn’t warned B. wasn’t warned C. hadn’t warned D. wouldn’t be warned
7. Since the contest…………….before the end of the school year, I was against extending the deadline.
A. must have been judged B. would have been judged
C. has been judged D. had to be judged
8. Two players ………….off the field during last Sunday’s match.
A. were sending B. had been sent C. were sent D. were being sent
9. The price of petrol went up only a few days after the official denial that ……….an increase in the price of petrol.
A. there would be B. there is C. there would have D. had
10. Jack…………….so lonely before he moved to Sydney.
A. has never been B. was never C. wouldn’t be D. had never been
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11. The couple …………….in the castle for several months before they noticed anything odd.
A. have been living B. have lived C. had been living D. were living
12. By the time I saved enough money, the price of the camera…………….by ten percent.
A. had risen B. has risen C. was rising D. rose
13. Pete…………….to the operating theater when the police arrived and arrested him.
A. was taking B. was being taken C. was taken D. had taken
14. While Peter…………….the rose bush in the back yard, the phone rang.
A. had been watering B. watering C. watered D. was watering
15. By the time Sam got home from school, his brother…………….all the cake.
A. had eaten B. was eating C. has been eating D. has eaten
16. - “Why didn’t Mary show up at the party last night?” - “When I called her at 11:00, she……………..”
A. had still been studying B. was still studying
C. would still study D. still studied
17. - “You’re looking miserable.” - “I ……..on my assignment when my computer suddenly crashed.”
A. used to work B. was working C. would work D. have been working
18. I was upset to learn that my first opponent would be Sam Muller, who ………..part in tournaments for no
less than ten years.
A. was taking B. has been taking C. had been taking D. took
19. - “Wasn’t sacking Mary rather harsh on his part?” - “Not really; he ……..her several times in the past.”
A. will warn B. was warning C. warns D. had warned
20. - “It’s a pity she had to pull out of the competition.” - “Yes, especially since she ….…..such excellent progress.”
A. is making B. made C. has been making D. had been making
21. - “Did you stay up late yesterday?” - “Not really. I went to bed after Monica……………..”.
A. had left B. was leaving C. leaving D. has left
22. I got up late because my alarm clock……………... .
A. hadn’t gone off B. didn’t go out C. didn’t go off D. hadn’t gone out
23. My husband and I went to Montreal last May and greedily ……..many lobsters because they were very cheap.
A. eat B. ate C. have eaten D. had eaten
24. I ……………..eagerly to go to Yellowstone, but my wife got sick three days before the departure.
A. have been planning B. had been planning C. have planned D. was planned
25. A basket of apples, oranges, and bananas……….. sent to my husband by his grandparents last Christmas.
A. has been B. have been C. was D. were
26. I declined the offer as I……………..it was time for me to go for a swim in the sea.
A. have decided B. decided C. had decided D. would decide
27. When they……………..home from the concert, they found that somebody……………..into it.
A. came/had broken B. come/breaks C. came/broke D. came/breaking
28. Jack……………..chess before, so I showed him what to do.
A. didn’t play B. wasn’t playing C. hadn’t been played D. hadn’t played
29. - “You went to Chile, didn’t you?” - “No, but I……………..to Peru, which is right next door.”
A. was going B. had gone C. was gone D. did go
30. When they let us go in, we……………..outside the exam room for over half an hour
A. had been standing B. have been standing C. have stood D. are standing
31. I should very much like to have gone to that party of theirs, but…………….. .
A. I’m not invited B. I will not be invited C. I have not been invited D. I was not invited
32. I decided to go to the library as soon as I……………... .
A. finish what I did B. would finish what I did C. finished what I did D. finished what I was doing
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33. An eyewitness described how ten people……………..in the fire.

A. were killed B. had been killed C. had killed D. had been being killed
34. ……………..when Kevin and Isabel arrived.
A. We’ve just finished dinner B. We would be finishing dinner
C. We were about to finish dinner D. Dinner has nearly been finished
35. When the old school friends met, a lot of happy memories……………..back.
A. were brought B. had been brought C. had brought D. brought
Choose the underlined part that needs correcting.
1. At the start of the American Revolution, lanterns were hung in the Old North Church as a signal that the
British were came.
2. Before he died, Linus Pauling had wins two Nobel Prizes; the 1954 Nobel Prize in Chemistry and the 1962
Nobel Peace Prize.
3. In several of his paintings, Edward Hicks depicted the Quaker farm in Pennsylvania where he spends his youth.
4. A twenty-one-year-old man became the second casualty yesterday when he loses control of his truck.
5. Most people had written with quill pens until pens with metal points become popular in the middle of the 19th
century.
6. Before the newspaper became widespread, a town crier has walked throughout a village or town singing out
the news.
7. The Viking spacecraft has landed on Mars in July of 1976.
8. The management team worked hard on the proposal and are disappointed to discover that their proposal wasn’t
chosen.
9. In the whole book there was only one chapter which interesting me.
10. There is a report in today’s newspaper that the bank announces bankruptcy late last week.
11. The Office of Economic Indicators reported that retail sales were declining before the national sales tax was
reduced.
12. We decided to stay in London until all our friends return from Liverpool.
13. It is the first time I am visiting this town, so I am looking forward to seeing a lot of new things.
14. When I got to the cinema, Jack had been waiting for me.
15. I stopped smoking because the doctor had told me that I should give it up if I want to be healthy.
THE END.