1

CONTENTS
1- Subject pronouns; possessive adjectives; possessive pronouns
2- Revisão numbers, wh questions, greetings
Reflexive pronouns, Object pronouns
indefinite pronouns
Verbos comuns de ação
More Simple past, did
Past continuous
Superlativos e comparativos
Quantifiers / something, anything, nothing
Times sequencers / present perfect, yet, already
Conecters, because, so, but, although / future perfect
Will, won’t (predictions) / Will, won’t (decisions, offers, promisses)
Passive voice grammar
Present perfect
Make and Do
adjectives (ed- ing)

2
UNIT ONE
What we will learn
Grammar: New words + audio:
Conversation:

STUDENT PROFILE
1 First name

2 Last name

3 Nationality

4 Adress

5 Email address

6 Occupation

7 Place of birth

8 Languages

9 Interests

10 Social networking
sites

1 What_________________________________________________________________________?

2 What_________________________________________________________________________?

3 Where________________________________________________________________________?

4 Where________________________________________________________________________?

5 What_________________________________________________________________________?

6 What_________________________________________________________________________?

7 Where________________________________________________________________________?
8 What languages_________________________________________________________________?

9 What____________________________________________________________in your free time?

10 Which social___________________________________________________________________?

3
 Wh questions
C) When we meet a person for the first time we say:
1) Complete with: Who, What, Where, When, Why
_____.
( ) Pleased
A) _____ is he? ( )Nice to meet you
( ) Enchanted
B) He is at the cinema. ____ is that?
D) If someone says “Thank you”, you say: “You’re
C) _______ are you happy? - Because I got a job. _____.”
( ) welcome
D) She is my sister. _____ is that?
( ) well
E) It’s a mouse. __________are they? ( ) nothing

F) They are at home.___________ is the cat? E) Which answer is correct for this question: “Whe-
re are you from?”
G) It’s on the chair. __________ is your ( ) Italian
birthday? ( ) Italy
( ) Spanish
H) Tomorrow.___________ are you running?
F) What is the meaning of “What do you do?”
I) Because it’s too late._______ is he sad? ( ) What are you doing right now?
( ) What do you like?
J) Because he is ill._______ is the exam? ( ) What is your profession?
K) Next week._______ is he happy?
G) When you want to get someone’s attention you
L) Because he has got a new car._______ did she can say: _____.
( ) Excuse me
arrive? ( ) Stop
( ) Sorry
M) Yesterday._________ is crying?

N) My brother and my dad. _______ did you buy? H) When you arrive at a hotel the receptionist will
say: _____.
O) A lot of things. ________ makes dinner? ( ) What’s happening?
( ) Welcome
P) My granny._______ is jack? He is in bed ( ) What’s up?

I) I _____ 24 years old.

( ) have
( ) am
( ) has
Greetings
J) At 9 o’clock a.m., you say: _____.
2) Choose the correct answer. ( ) Good evening
( ) Good afternoon
A) When we arrive we say: ____. ( ) Good morning
( ) Hello
( ) Goodbye
( ) See you

B) When we leave we say: _____.

( ) Hello
( ) Hi
( ) Goodbye

4
 Numbers
3) Write the ordinal numbers in full.

1st
2nd
3rd
4th
20th
21st
22nd
23rd
24th
30th
40th
50th
60th
70th
80th
90th
100th
1000th

3) Write the cardinal numbers in full.

1
2
3
4
20
21
22
23
24
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
1000
5
UNIT TWO 2) GRAMMAR

What we will learn

SUBJECTIVE PRONOUNS
Grammar: Subject pronouns; possessive adjectives; possessive pronouns
New words: adjectives and pronouns “Subject Pronouns” são os pronomes básicos que
Conversation:
todo estudante da língua inglesa deve conhecer,
pois eles serão fundamentais para as conjugações
1) CONVERSATION & READING dos verbos em inglês. No português, eles corres-
pondem aos pronomes pessoais sujeitos ou prono-
mes do caso reto.

No inglês, os “subject pronouns” fazem parte dos

pronomes pessoais (personal pronouns) juntamen-
te com os “object pronouns”. Sendo que “personal
pronouns” são os pronomes em inglês que indicam
pessoas, objetos e lugares.

Portanto, os “Subject Pronouns” são os pronomes

<a href=”https://br.freepik.com/fotos-gratis/dois-caras-conversando-sobre-trabalho-trabalho-na-garagem-perto-do-caminhao-transferencia-de-documentos-com-
-mercadorias_13320765.htm#query=DOIS%20HOMENS%20CONVERSANDO&position=3&from_view=search”>Imagem de prostooleh</a> no Freepik
sujeitos em inglês que podem substituir aqueles
que praticam a ação de uma oração, ou seja, os
Talking about family
sujeitos.
Interviewer - Hi A função dos “subject pronouns” é o de substituir
Rob - Hello os sujeitos de uma oração. Então, ele ficará no
lugar daquele que pratica a ação.
Interviewer - How are you?
Rob - I’m fine, Thanks. How are you? Dessa forma, eles devem sempre vir acompanha-
dos de um verbo. Ou seja, só podem ser usados se
Interviewer - I’m good, thank you. What’s Your name? estiverem sendo conjugados.
Rob - I’m Tom, my name is Robson, but everyone calls me Rob.
POSSESSIVE PRONOUNS
Interviewer - Are you married?
Rob - Yes, This is my wife. Os pronomes possessivos em inglês são classifica-
dos em dois grupos: pronome possessivo adjetivo
Interviewer - What is her name? (possessive adjective) e pronome possessivo subs-
Rob - Her name is Larissa. tantivo (possessive pronouns).
Interviewer - Do you have kids? Possessive Adjective
Rob - Yes. This is our son.
Os pronomes “possessive adjective” podem ser
Interviewer - What’s his name?
considerados como um dos tipos de adjetivos,
Rob - His name is Miguel. pois eles sempre acompanham e modificam o
Interviewer - Do you have any pets? substantivo. Além disso, eles devem sempre vir
antes dos substantivos.
Rob - Sure. These are our dogs.
Interviewer - What are their names? O pronome possessivo adjetivo não muda do
plural ou para o singular, por são pronomes que
Rob - Their names are Pipoca and Manu, não flexionam.
Rob - And this is our cat.
Exemplos em frases:
Interviewer - What’s its name?
1. My mother likes ice cream. (Minha mãe gosta de
Rob - Its name is Shelby. sorvete.)
2. Your old book is over there. (Seu livro antigo está
Interviewer - Ok, we are done here. Thank you.
ali.)
Rob - You’re welcome. 3. His sister is dancing. (A irmã dele está dançan-
do.)
4. Her brother is a protect man. (O irmão dela é um
ROLE PLAY. IN PAIRS. homem protetor.)
5. Their legs are thin. (A pernas deles são finas.)
6
Possessive pronouns
3) NEW WORDS
Os pronomes possessivos substantivos são usados para A) Write: adjectives and pronouns
evitar a repetição do nomes, pois eles podem substituir o
substantivo mencionado anteriormente. Mas podem ser
encontrados com ou sem o substantivo presente na frase.
I have got a pen.
Com a mesma tradução do pronomes “possessive adjec- It´s ___________pen.
tive”, os “possessive pronouns” não podem vir antes do It´s ___________.
substantivo. Assim como não precisam ser flexionados,
pois servem no singular e no plural.
You have got a guitar.
Exemplos em frases: It´s ___________guitar.
1. What you have is not mine. (O que você tem não é meu.) It´s ___________.
2. That kind of think is not yours. (Esse tipo de pensamento
não é seu)
3. That red carpet is his. (Aquele tapete vermelho é dele.) She has got a scarf.
4. This letter is hers. (Esta carta é dela.) It´s ___________scarf.
5. That house could be ours. (Aquela casa poderia ser It´s ___________.
nossa.)
6. The notebook is yours. (O caderno é seu.)
7. The huge flats are theirs. (Os enormes apartamentos são He has got a toy.
deles.) It´s ____________toy.
It´s____________.
Casos para não usar os “possessive pronouns”

Com artigos (the, a, an): no inglês, os “possessive pronou- We have got a ball.
ns” não podem ser usados com os artigos. It´s ___________ball.
1. The my mother is brunnett. (A minha mãe é morena.) It´s ___________.
2. The his carpe is black. (O carpete dele é preto.)
You have got a dog.
Com preposição “of ”: os “possessive pronouns” também
It´s ____________dog.
não podem ser usados em frases formadas com as prepo-
sições em inglês. Neste caso, a preposição “of ” It´s ____________.

1. Durval and Gabriela are Brothers of yours. (Durval e They have got a car.
Gabriela são irmãos nossos)
2. She is a relativer of his. (Ela é parente dele.) It´s ____________car.
3. I was an anemy of her. (Eu era uma inimiga dele.) It´s ____________.

7
 4) CONVERSATION & READING
Talking in the restaurant
Client- Good afternoon.
Waitress- Good afternoon! Can I help you?
Client- Can I book a table for one, please?
Waitress- Yes. Come with me… Here you are.
Client- Thanks. Can I have the menu?
Waitress- Yes.
……
Waitress- The menu is opn the table.
Client- So… I want roast beef with mashed potatoes.
Waitress- Would you like anything to drink?
Client- A coke, please.
Waitress- Anything else?
Client- No, thanks. Could I have the bill, please?
Waitress- Of course.
….
Waitress- Here you are. Have a nice day.
Client- Thanks. You can keep the change. Have a nice day.
Waitress- Thanks. The same to you.
ROLE PLAY. WORK IN PAIRS.
5) NEW WORDS
PRONOUN HUNT!
A) Highlight all of the pronouns in this passage.
We visited the new planetarium in the
city. When we got there, a man showed
us where to leave our coats and backpacks.
A special guide explained the tour to us. I
learned many new things. For example, I
didn’t know our solar system was so big.
We counted many moons around some of
the planets. Toward the end of the tour, the
guide invited me to visit the planetarium
again. I will definitely come back someday.
We collected our things and went back to
school. I asked friends to name a favorite
planet. Mine is Saturn because of its many
rings. The teacher wants us to do reports
on the planets. I want to report on the pla-
net Saturn, but so does Josh. We decided
to work together on the report. We want
to talk about Titan, one of Saturn’s biggest
moons. We were interested in this moon,
because Titan is the biggest moon, bigger
than the planet Mercury!
B) Choose the correct word.
1) Is this cup __________________(your / yours)?
2) The coffee is _________________(my / mine).
3) That coat is _________________(my / mine).
4) He lives in _________________(her / hers) house.
5) You might want ____________(your / yours) phone.
6) The new car is __________________(their / theirs).
7) She cooked _________________(our / ours) food.
8) Don’t stand on ________________(my / mine) foot!
9) She gave him _______________(her / hers) suitcase.
10) I met _________________(their / theirs) mother.
8
 UNIT THREE
What we will learn
Grammar: Object pronouns; reflexive pronouns
New words + audio:
Conversation:
1) CONVERSATION & READING
https://www.freepik.com/free-vector/full-shot-smiley-students-chatting_31194716.htm
Talking about relationship in class
Classmate - Hey there.
Student - Hello, how’s it going?
Classmate - Fine, thanks. How about you?
Student - Not too bad. It could better.
Classmate - Well but tell me, what happened?
Student - I dont like my math teacher.
Classmate - Why not?
Student - Because I think he doesn’t me eighter.
Classmate - How do you know that?
Student - His always nagging me.
Classmate - Hm… but you should try to talk to him about it. • Agora, para identificar os objetos, pergunta-se: meu
Student - Maybe, but I don’t think he’s going to agree with us. irmão me deu o quê? A resposta é o objeto direto da
Classmate - I think it’s worth trying.
Student - You’re right I’ll try.
Classmate - Are you going home now?
Student - Probably not, I’m going to wait for him.
Classmate - Oh, ok then, catch you later.
Student - See ya, Bye!
ROLE PLAY. WORK IN PAIRS.
2) GRAMMAR
OBJECT PRONOUNS
Os object pronouns são pronomes em inglês que
substituem os nomes (substantivos) que atuam como
objeto do verbo ou preposição em uma oração.
Os pronomes em inglês dividem-se em pessoais,
possessivos, demonstrativos, reflexivos, indefinidos
relativos e interrogativos, sendo que os object pro-
nouns pertencem à classe dos pronomes pessoais e
podem variar em grau e número como plural, singu-
lar, masculino e feminino.
Existem sete object pronouns na gramática inglesa
que obedecem às regras das pessoas gramaticais.
Como identificar os object pronouns
Os object pronouns podem ser identificados na frase
pela sua localização. Eles aparecem após o verbo
principal e as preposições. Na construção do discur-
so, aparecem no predicado e são quem sofre a ação.
Assim, também podem ser descobertos por meio da
identificação do objeto direto ou indireto da oração.
Exemplo: My brother gave me a tablet at Christmas
(Meu irmão me deu um tablet no Natal).
• Primeiro, precisa-se saber quem é o sujeito que,
nesse caso, é “my brother” (quem me deu um tablet
no Natal?).
• Depois identifica-se o predicado, que será o restante
da frase, com exceção do sujeito – “gave me a tablet at
Christmas”.
frase: a tablet.
• Para localizar o objeto indireto, questiona-se: meu
irmão deu um tablet a quem, ou para quem? A
resposta é “gave me”. Assim, “me” é o objeto indireto
dessa frase.
Nas modificações de frases na voz ativa para passiva
os object pronouns continuam ocupando a mesma
posição, conforme mostra os exemplos a seguir:
Voz ativa: The boy stole a bag from us. (O garoto rou-
bou uma bolsa de nós ou ele roubou-nos uma bolsa.)
Voz passiva: A bag was stolen from us by him. (Uma
bolsa foi roubada de nós por ele.)
9
Voz passiva: A bag was stolen from us by him. (Uma bolsa
foi roubada de nós por ele.)
Pronomes “her”, “it” e “you”
Devem ser observados com atenção os pronomes “it”, “you”
e “her” para não serem confundidos com outros elementos
gramaticais.
O ‘her’ além de pronome do objeto também pode ser
adjetivo possessivo. Para saber a sua função na frase, de-
ve-se procurar pelo verbo e verificar se há um substantivo
depois.
O “it” pode ser pronome do sujeito na 3ª pessoa do singu-
lar para referir-se a objetos, animais e bebês quando não
se sabe o gênero ou object pronouns. Para identificar a sua
função, deve-se analisar a posição do “it” na frase. Ele terá
função de pronome do objeto se aparecer depois do verbo.
Nota: o “it” será enquadrado como um dos object pronou-
ns se um objeto for mencionado antes na frase.
O “you” pode aparecer na frase como pronome do objeto
para a 2ª pessoa do singular e do plural (‘você’ e ‘vocês’) ou
como pronome do sujeito. A sua posição na frase distingui-
rá a sua função. Assim, quando estiver após o verbo estará
como pronome do objeto.
REFLEXIVE PRONOUNS
Os reflexive pronouns (pronomes reflexivos) são termos
utilizados nas frases em inglês quando o sujeito da oração
pratica uma ação sobre si. Quando o sujeito é o ativo e
sofredor da ação, fica implícito que trata-se de um caso
reflexivo, assim como na frase “The dog is licking itself ”.
(O cachorro está se lambendo).
Os reflexive pronouns são termos terminados em “self ”
ou “selves”. No exemplo acima, pode-se identificar que o
pronome reflexivo é “itself ”.
Diferença entre self e selves
Como dito acima, as terminações self e selves funcionam
como indicativo de reflexive pronouns. Contudo, a dife-
rença está na referência ao singular ou plural.
A terminação self é usada para as pessoas do singular,
como: I, You, He / Her e It. A terminação selves é usada
para as pessoas do plural, como: We, Your e They.
Os reflexive pronouns (pronomes reflexivos) são ter-
mos utilizados nas frases em inglês quando o sujeito
da oração pratica uma ação sobre si. Quando o sujeito
é o ativo e sofredor da ação, fica implícito que trata-se
de um caso reflexivo, assim como na frase “The dog is
licking itself ”. (O cachorro está se lambendo).
Os reflexive pronouns são termos terminados em
“self ” ou “selves”. No exemplo acima, pode-se identifi-
car que o pronome reflexivo é “itself ”.
Diferença entre self e selves
Como dito acima, as terminações self e selves funcio-
nam como indicativo de reflexive pronouns. Contudo,
a diferença está na referência ao singular ou plural.
A terminação self é usada para as pessoas do singular,
como: I, You, He / Her e It. A terminação selves é usa-
da para as pessoas do plural, como: We, Your e They.
Nota: os pronomes reflexivos também podem ser usa-
dos com substantivos para significar uma das pessoas
do sujeito (“me”, “you”, “him”, “her”, etc) e “nobody
else”.
Exemplo: Did you do this homework yourself or did you
get help? (Você fez essa lição de casa sozinho ou conse-
guiu ajuda?).
Relação dos pronomes reflexivos e pronomes pesso-
ais em inglês
Os personal pronouns (pronomes pessoais em inglês)
possuem pronomes correspondentes para cada uma
das pessoas do sujeito. Assim, os reflexive pronouns
também possuem pronomes que relacionam-se com os
personal pronouns.
Classificações dos reflexive pronouns
1. Função reflexiva
É o tipo mais comum. Nesse caso, a ação do verbo
acontece para o próprio sujeito e o pronome concorda
com o sujeito da frase, aparecendo depois dele.
Exemplo: The dog is licking itself. (O cachorro está se
lambendo).
Nota: o pronome reflexivo itself é usado para animais,
objetos ou coisas.
10
2. Função idiomática 3) NEW WORDS
A) Complete with correct reflexive pronoun.
É quando o sujeito realiza uma ação sozinho, dispensan-
do ajuda de alguém. É indicado por meio da preposição 1) Robert made this T-shirt______________________.
“by”, antecedendo o pronome reflexivo.
2) Lisa did her homework_______________________.
Exemplo: Sometimes Adryanna prefers to be by himself.
(Às vezes Adryanna prefere ficar/estar sozinha).
3) We helped _____________________to some Coke at
3. Função enfática the party.

Como o nome anuncia, é o pronome usado para dar ên-

4) Emma, did you take the photo by_______________?
fase ao sujeito que pratica a ação do discurso. Nesse caso
o pronome vai concordar com o sujeito, podendo apare-
cer depois dele ou depois do objeto na frase. 5) I wrote this poem___________________________.

Exemplo: Diana wrote the letter herself. (A própria Diana 6) He cut_______________________with the knife while
escreveu a carta).
he was doing the dishes.

4. Pronomes reflexivos recíprocos (reciprocal pronou- 7) The lion can defend__________________________.

ns)

Os pronomes reflexivos recíprocos (reciprocal pronouns) 8) My mother often talks to______________________.

são expressos por “Each other” e “One another” para fa-
zer referência a mais de uma pessoa ou coisa no diálogo. 9)Tim and Gerry, if you want more milk,
help_____________________.
Existe uma diferença básica entre os reflexive pronouns
e os reciprocal pronouns. Por exemplo, na frase “They
looked at themselves in the mirror” (Eles se olharam no 10) Alice and Doris collected the
espelho), é um caso reflexivo porque cada um dos sujei- stickers_____________________________.
tos é o sofredor da própria ação (olharam-se no espelho).
B) Complete with object pronoun.
Diferentemente de quando diz-se “They looked at each
other lovingly” (Eles se entreolharam amorosamente),
1) “Is he marrying Leila?”
porque nesse sentido um olhou para o outro e não sobre
“Yes, he is in love with __________________!”
si mesmo. Tratando-se, portanto, de um caso recíproco.
Assim, usa-se each other para quando, na frase, o sujeito
2) “Your son is making a lot of noise!”
fizer referência a duas coisas ou a duas pessoas indican-
“I’ll ask _____________to be quiet.”
do reciprocidade. One another deverá ser usada para
quando o sujeito da frase fizer referência a mais de duas
3) “Please will you ask Robert to come in.”
pessoas ou coisas, indicando, também, relação de recipro-
“Sorry, I don’t know _______________.”
cidade.

11
 UNIT FOUR 2) GRAMMAR

What we will learn

INDEFINITE PRONOUNS
Grammar: Indefinite pronouns
New words:
Conversation: Os “indefinite pronouns” ou pronomes indefinidos
em inglês são aqueles que ao substituir ou acompa-
1) CONVERSATION & READING nhar um substantivo não se referem a pessoa lugar
ou objetivo específico, sto é, os pronomes indefi-
nidos em inglês não determinam ou especificam
o substantivo de forma precisa. Por isso, que são
chamados indefinidos.

O uso dos pronomes indefinidos (indefinite pro-

nouns) aparecem em duas situações: quando estão
generalizando ou não fazem referência a alguém ou
algo específico.

Existem vários “indefinite pronouns” na língua

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inglesa, os principais são:
NOITE&position=19&from_view=search&track=sph”>Imagem de tirachard</a> no Freepik

A STRANGE NIGHT • Some

That was a cold and stormy night. Everybody / anybody • No
went to bed earlier than usual, but I decided to stay in the • Any
living room reading my new novel about mystery. Suddenly,
something / nothing happened in the kitchen, I heard a Vale ressaltar que esses três pronomes indefinidos
strange noise. I stood up and went rapidly to see what was dão origem a outros que são seus derivados.
happening. I couldn’t see anything / nothing out of the or-
dinary. Everything / something was calm and quiet. I came Some
back to the living room and kept on reading my book….
when I opened the second page, I heard a noise coming O termo “some” é o pronome usado somente em
from the front window and a shadow disappearing in the sentenças afirmativas. Contudo, é possível encon-
night…when I looked through the window I saw nobody trá-lo em sentenças interrogativas, mas se trata de
/ anybody. It was a very rare night. Every time I tried to pedido, oferecimento ou quando o que se espera
read my book something / nothing inexplicable happened. como resposta seja positivo.
Was the mysterious novel becoming true??...I examined
everywhere / nowhere in the living room, I was trying to “Some” significa algum, algo, alguns, alguma, algu-
find the odd thing that was producing the strange noises mas, um, uns, uma, umas, um e pouco de.
but I could find anything/ nothing…finally, I decided to go
to bed and forget about that scary night. Exemplos:
• I didn’t like some of the books she sent. / Eu não
gostei de alguns livros que ela enviou.
MODAL VERBS: MUST / MUSTN’T – DON’T HAVE TO • He was hot and I gave him some water. / Ele estava
HELP THE CHARACTER OF THE STORY TO SOLVE THE com calor e eu lhe dei um pouco de água.
MYSTERY:
“Some” e seus derivados:
1.The character of the story must: • Somebody = alguém
• Someone = alguém
______________________________________________
• Somehow = alguma forma
______________________________________________
• Something = alguma coisa, algo
2.The character of the story mustn’t:
• Somewhat = alguma coisa
______________________________________________ • Sometime = antigamente
______________________________________________ • Sometimes = às vezes, algumas vezes
3.The character of the story doesn’t have to: • Somewhere = algum lugar
______________________________________________
______________________________________________
12
 No ATENÇÃO

A palavra “no”, já indica que é usado em sentenças ne- “Any” e “no” são termos que podem ser usados em sen-
gativas, e somente em sentido negativo. tenças negativas. O que vai diferenciar o uso de um para
o outro é a presença de outro elemento negativo. Ou seja,
Exemplos: em orações em que tem o termo “any” é fundamental
• He has no car to drive away. / Ele não tem carro para ir que tenha outra palavra com sentido negativo, seja “not,
embora. never”, etc. (Exemplo 1).
• She has no money. / Ela não tem dinheiro.
Enquanto que o “no” já é a palavra com sentido negativo,
“No” e seus derivados: não requer outra negativa (exemplo 2). Exceto quando ele
• Nobody = ninguém estiver no início da oração e separado por vírgula (exem-
plo 3).
• None = nenhum
• No one = ninguém Exemplos:
• Nothing = nada 1. I don’t have any Money. / Eu não tenho dinheiro.
• Noway = nenhum modo 2. I have no Money. / Eu não tenho dinheiro.
• Nowhere = nenhum lugar 3. No, I don’t have Money. / Não, eu não tenho dinheiro.
• Nowise = forma alguma
Para não restar dúvidas, faça um teste de inglês e obser-
ve se o uso de algum desses pronomes ainda te deixam
Any confuso.

“Any” é o termo neutro, isto é, não é positivo nem nega-

tivo, mas geralmente ele é usado em orações negativas e Outros “indefinite pronouns” mais usados
interrogativas.

Em algumas situações é possível encontrá-lo em senten- • One: algum, alguma, a gente, certo, um certo
ças afirmativas, mas só é possível seu uso quando vem • All: tudo, todo, todos, toda, todas
após o termo “if ” ou se tiver outra palavra que tenho • Much: muito, muitas
o sentido negativo, como “never, rarely, without”, entre • Many: muitos, muitas
outros.
• Little: pouco, pouca
“Any” significa qualquer, quaisquer, algum, alguns, • Few: poucos, poucas
alguma, algumas, nenhum, nenhuma, um, uns, uma e • Each: cada
umas. • Such: tal, tais
• Other: outro (s), outra (s)
Exemplos: • Another: outro, outra
• He didn’t buy any motocycle. / Ele não comprou nenhu-
ma moto.
• Either: um ou outro, uma ou outra, cada
• He rarely has any free weekend. / Ele raramente tem • Neither: nem um (a) nem outro (a), nenhum
algum fim de semana livre. dos (das) dois (duas)
• Both: ambos, ambas
“Any” e seus derivados: • Enough: bastante, suficiente
• Anybody = qualquer um, ninguém • Several: vários, várias
• Anyone = qualquer pessoa, ninguém
• Anyhow = qualquer forma, nenhuma forma 3) NEW WORDS
• Anything = qualquer coisa, nada A) Complete with Some or Any.
• Anyway = qualquer modo, nenhum modo
• Anywhere = qualquer lugar, nenhum lugar 1) I like ___________ pop music but not all.
• Anywise = qualquer maneira, nenhuma ma-
2) I don’t like _____________ pop music. I hate it all.
neira
3) I love the Beatles. I love ___________ song by them.

4)_______________ people don’t like Bill Clinton.

13
 2. Choose the best answer for each sentence.

3) NEW WORDS
A) That box is empty. There is ____________ inside.
a. nothing b. anything c. something
1. Complete the sentences using correct indefinite pro-
noun.
B) I would like __________ to eat, I’m very hungry!
A) Does _______________ want to go the cinema?
a. everything b. anything c. something

B) The story was Japanese! I didn’t understand

C) We believe in God, he is ______________
_____________ !
a. somewhere b. everywhere c. nowhere

C) I’m very sad because ____________ remembered my

D) ____________ is in class today!
birthday.
a. Nowhere b. Anything c. Everybody

D) You have _____________ on your shoulder; I think

E) My best friend lives _____________ near the sta-
it’s a piece of paper.
dium.
a. somewhere b. anything c. nobody
E) My mom told me we can go _______________ I want
this weekend. I will choose the place!
3. Rewrite the following sentences using “any” or “no”
keep the same meaning.
F) This is a total mess! _________________ is in the
correct place. All the toys are on the floor!
1. Please, don’t do anything incorrect!
__________________________________________
G) I live in a small town and it is very boring, there’s
______________ to go.
2. The children eat during class time.
___________________________________________
H) _________________ took my pencil from my desk
and I don’t know who, do you know?
3. There isn’t anything strange in that room.
___________________________________________
I) I don’t want to stay at home today; I would like to go
_____________ special.
4. There is nothing more important the family.
___________________________________________

5. We don’t have anything to do at home today. There is

no homework!
____________________________________________

14
UNIT FIVE
What we will learn
Grammar: Action verbs
New words + audio:
Conversation:

1) CONVERSATION & READING

A) Read the text and answer the following questions.

photos: <a href=”https://br.freepik.com/fotos-gratis/homem-feliz-fazendo-negocios-no-escritorio-em-casa_13134065.htm#query=homem%20ocupado&from_query=homem%20atarefado&position=1&from_view=search&track=sph”>Imagem de gpointstudio</a> no Freepik

Josh Reeves Molly Carter

I’m an English teacher and I have a big family, so I have Well, I almost always get up very early, at about five-thir-
a very busy daily routine! First, I get up every day at six ty. I get up early because because I like to go jogging along
o’clock, get washed and dressed, and leave for work by the beach and watch the sun rise. Later, after breakfast, I
seven-thirty. I prepare my lessons and then teach until go to work, I take a bus. It only takes about twenty mi-
noon. The others teachers and I always eat lunch and nutes to get work. After work, I like to go to my favorite
talk together in the teacher’s room. I teach again in the bakery and buy some fresh bread. I get home between five
afternoon and then I correct my student ‘s homework O’clock and five-thirty. My husband Matt usually makes
and tests. After I get back home, I help my kids with my dinner because he loves to cook. In fact, he is a chef in
homework I have three kids in the elementary school. a restaurant. His hobby is painting, And my hobby is
Their names are Mathew, John Maggie, The I do some growing flowers in in our garden. We also have a Pet dog
exercise, eat dinner with my family and watch TV before called Ziggy. In the evening In the evenings we take Ziggy
I go to bed at about ten o’clock. We love to watch travel for walk, and then get to bed by nine-thirty because we
shows. Finally, I read in bed for a few minutes before I fall have to get up so early again the next morning.
asleep.

1. What does Josh do?________________________________________________________________

2. What does Molly do?_______________________________________________________________

3. What time does Josh get up?_________________________________________________________

4. What time does Molly get up?________________________________________________________

5. Where does Josh have lunch?_________________________________________________________

6. How does Molly get to work?_________________________________________________________

7. When does Josh watch Tv?___________________________________________________________

8. What is Molly’s hobby? _____________________________________________________________

9. Where does Josh read?______________________________________________________________

10. What does Molly go to bed?_________________________________________________________

15
 2) GRAMMAR Hit – Bater, Atingir
Hold – Segurar
Hop – Saltar, Pular
ACTION VERBS Jump – Saltar, Pular
Kick – Chutar, Expulsar
Accept – Aceitar Kiss – Beijar
Act – Agir, Atuar Laugh – Rir, Sorrir
Add – Adicionar Leave – Sair, Deixar
Answer – Responder, Atender Lean – Apoiar, Inclinar
Arrive – Chegar Lift – Levantar, Erguer
Ask – Perguntar, Pedir Listen – Ouvir
Bake – Assar Live – Viver
Begin – Começar Make – Fazer
Bend – Inclinar, Curvar, Dobrar March – Marchar, Desfilar
Bite – Morder Meet – Encontrar, Conhecer
Bring – Trazer Mop – Esfregar, Lavar
Brush – Escovar, Pentear Move – Mover, Mexer
Build – Construir Nod – Balançar ou Acenar com a
Buy – Comprar cabeça
Call – Chamar, Ligar, Telefonar Open – Abrir
Carry – Levar, Carregar Pack – Arrumar, Fazer as malas
Catch – Pegar, Apanhar Paint – Pintar
Change – Mudar, Trocar, Alterar Pass – Passar
Clap – Aplaudir, Bater palmas Pay – Pagar
Clean – Limpar Plan – Planejar, Programar
Climb – Escalar, Subir Play – Tocar, Jogar, Brincar
Close – Fechar, Encerrar, Terminar Pull – Puxar
Come – Vir, Chegar Punch – Bater, Socar
Continue – Continuar Push – Empurrar
Cook – Cozinhar Read – Ler
Cross – Cruzar, Riscar, Atravessar Repair – Reparar, Consertar
Cut – Cortar Ride – Andar, Montar
Cry – Chorar, Gritar Rise – Aumentar, Levantar, Subir
Dance – Dançar Run – Correr
Depart – Partir Save – Salvar, Economizar
Dive – Mergulhar Say – Dizer
Do – Fazer Sell – Vender
Dream – Sonhar, Imaginar Send – Enviar, Transmitir
Drink – Beber Shake – Sacudir, Agitar
Drive – Dirigir Shout – Gritar
Eat – Comer Sing – Cantar
Enter – Entrar Sit – Sentar
Exit – Sair Sleep – Dormir
Explore – Explorar Smile – Sorrir
Fall – Cair Speak – Falar
Fight – Brigar, Lutar Spend – Gastar
Fill – Encher Stand – Aguentar, Permanecer, Su-
Find – Encontrar portar
Finish – Terminar, Finalizar Start – Começar
Fly – Voar Stretch – Alongar, Esticar
Follow – Seguir Swim – Nadar
Gather – Recolher, Reunir, Coletar Take – Pegar, Levar, Tomar
Give – Dar, Entregar Talk – Falar, Conversar
Go – Ir Teach – Ensinar, Lecionar
Grab – Pegar, Agarrar Throw – Jogar
Help – Ajudar Touch – Tocar
Travel – Viajar
Try – Tentar
16
 Turn – Virar
Visit – Visitar C) Use these verbs to fill in the blanks below.
Vote – Votar
Wait – Esperar
Walk – Andar, Caminhar
Wash – Lavar
Watch – Assistir Swim play drink fly
Wear – Usar
Write – Escrever wear Ride write drive
Yawn – Bocejar cut read Ring sing
Yell – Gritar, Berrar
draw sleep walk

3) NEW WRODS

A) Choose the correct action verb.

( ) To cook
( ) To swin 1. You __________________________ a kite.
( ) To talk 2. You __________________________ a car.
3. You __________________________ with a knife.
( ) To drink 4. You __________________________ your uniform.
( ) To eat 5. You __________________________ story books.
( ) To dream
6. You __________________________ with a pen.
( ) To run 7. You __________________________ a bell.
( ) To read 8. You __________________________ a picture.
( ) To draw
9. You __________________________ a horse.
( ) To cook 10. You __________________________ games.
( ) To swin 11. You __________________________ songs.
( ) To talk
12. You __________________________ at night.
13. You __________________________ in the swim-
( )To run ming pool.
( ) To read
14. You __________________________ along the
( ) To draw
road.
B) Write the correct action verb. 15. You __________________________ water.

1) Sorrir:_______________________________.

2) Correr:_______________________________.

3)Aplaudir:______________________________.

4) Econtrar:______________________________.

5) Explorar:______________________________.

6) Cozinhar:_____________________________.

7) Trazer:________________________________.

8) Assistir: _______________________________.

17
 UNIT SIX A) ANSWER THESE QUESTIONS

What we will learn

Grammar: Past Continuous; Past simple (did)
New words: 1. What was Mark doing when there was a knock at
Conversation:
the door?
___________________________________________
1) CONVERSATION & READING
___________________________________________
<a href=”https://br.freepik.com/fotos-gratis/foto-de-vista-lateral-de-amigos-sentados-na-mesa-de-madeira-amigos-se-divertindo-enquanto-jogava-jogo-de-tabuleiro_8264974.htm#query=pesso-
as%20jogando%20TABULEIRO&position=14&from_view=search&track=sph”>Imagem de master1305</a> no Freepik

2. Who answered the door?

___________________________________________
___________________________________________

3. What was Mark going when his mom answe-

red the door?
___________________________________________
___________________________________________

4. Did Perry join in the game?

My name is Mark and last night while I was playing a game ___________________________________________
___________________________________________
with my parents there was a knock at the door. While I was
fishing the game with my father my mother answered the
5. Who is Mark’s best friend?
door. It was my friend Perry. My mom asked him come in. ___________________________________________
He asked my mom if I was busy and she told him I was ___________________________________________
playing a society game with my dad.
My mom asked him to come in and joy us. 6. What was Mark going at 8pm?
___________________________________________
While I was waiting for my turn to play, Perry come into the
___________________________________________
room. I was glad to see him because he is my best friend.
After we finished the game Perry and I went into the living 7. Who was playing hockey while I was stu-
room. dying?
Perry asked me what I was doing last night at 8pm. I told ___________________________________________
___________________________________________
him I was studying for my math exam and asked him why
he wanted to know.
8. What happened to Bob?
He told me that while I was studying for my math exam and ___________________________________________
asked him why he wanted to know. ___________________________________________
He said that while Bob was playing hockey he fell and broke
9. What did Perry try to do while they were
his leg, and while they were waiting for the ambulance to
waiting for ambulance?
come he tried to phone me, but the line was busy.
___________________________________________
I suggested we go and visit Bob, and Perry thought it was a ___________________________________________
great idea.
10. Did we go visit Bob?
___________________________________________
___________________________________________

18
 2) GRAMMAR

PAST CONTINUOUS
Rules and uses
PRESENT PERFECT TENSE RULES
Formula

Affirmative sentences
Formula to make future perfect tense
Subject + was/were + continuous (ING) +
Affirmative
object
Subject + has/have + Past Participle
Examples
I have taken vacation.
- They were doing useful work.
She has taken vacation.
- He was driving to work yesterday.
Negative
Negatives sentences
Subject + has/have + not + Past Participle
Subject + was/were + not + continuous (ING)+
I have not taken vacation.
object She has not taken vacation.
Examples
Interrogative
- They were not doing useful work.
- He was not driving to work yesterday.
Has/have + Subject + Past Participle + ?
Have you taken vacation?
Interrogative sentences
Has he taken vacation?
- Were they doing useful work?
- Was he driving to work yesterday?

19

PAST PERFECT TENSE RULES
Affirmative
Structure – Subject + had + Past Participle
Example – She had written an essay.
Negative
Structure – subject + had + not + Past Par-
ticiple
Example – She had not written an essay.
Interrogative
Structure – Had + Subject + Past Participle
+?
Example – had she written an essay?
FUTURE PERFECT TENSE
He will have retired by the time he is 60.
Affirmative
Structure = Subject + will + have + Partici-
ple
Example = I will have arrived by 10 o’clock.
Negative
Structure = Subject + will + not + have +
Participle
Example = I will not have arrived by 10 o’clock.
Interrogative
Structure = Will + Subject + have + Participle+ ?
Example = Will I have arrived by 10 o’clock
EXAMPLE SENTENCES
1. By the end of this year, I will have completed
my degree.
2. She will have gone to the market by 7 o’clock.
3. The children will have studied grammar les-
sons.
4. The farmers will have sown the crops.
5. The passengers will have reached their destina-
tion.
6. By the end of next month, I will have traveled
to Venice.
7. I will have taken the exam.
8. Tom will have completed his degree before
January begins.
9. She will not have made this mistake.
20
 3) NEW WORDS

A) Fill the blanks with “was” or “were”.

C) Write the correct “ing” verb in the blank.

1. Jane ______________ doing homework

1. John was _______________ coffee (drink).
2. We ______________ eating cookies.
2. They were _______________ (read).
3. The dog ______________ barking.
3. We were _______________ for Easter eggs (hunt).
4. Mom ______________ cooking dinner.
4. Mom was _______________ (exercise).
5. The boys ______________ playing baseball.
5. I was _______________ Easter eggs (paint).
6. Dad ______________ watching TV.
6. The children were _______________ Tv (watch).
7. It ______________ raining outside
7. You were _______________ to Kate. (talk)
8. The baby ______________ crying.
8. The dog was _______________ the cat (chase).
9. The girls ______________ listening to music.
9. The cat was _______________ (run).
10. I ______________ taking a photo.
10. It was _______________ outside (snow).
11. They ______________ running.

12. You ______________ studying.

D) Make a question.
B) Negative form. Fill in blanks with “was/ were / not” Fill in the blank with “be” and an “ing” verb
and/ or an ‘ing” verb”

1. __________ they __________ dinner? (eat)

1. The dog was not ______________ (bark). 2. __________ I __________ to music? (listen)

2. I ______________ not eating candy. 3. __________ It __________ ? (snow)

3. They were not ______________ (laugh). 4. __________ we __________ TV? (watch)

4. It ______________ ___ ___ (snow). 5. __________ you __________ Easter eggs?

5. We were ___ ______________ TV(watch). 6. __________ she __________ homework? (do)

7.__________ the dog __________ ? (bark)

6. We were ______________ painting Easter eggs.
8. __________ she __________ a photo? (take)
7. You ______________(listen).
9. __________ he __________ soccer? (play)
8. She ______________ (do).
10. __________ Kate and John __________ fast? (run)
9. Kate and John ______________ not eating dinner.

10. The dog ______________ the cat (chase).

21
 SIMPLE PAST (DID)
Simple past tense indicates an action which is completed at a definite time in the past.

Positive (+) Negative (-) Question (?)

I started

22
UNIT SEVEN
3)Tokyo is the world’s ……………………………..
(expensive) city. Harare in Zimbabwe is
What we will learn ………………………….(cheap).
Grammar: Comparatives and superlatives
New words:
Conversation: 4)Beth is…………………………………… (inte-
rested) in boys than her school work.
1) CONVERSATION & READING
5) Susan is ……………………………………
(thin) than her sister.

6) Diana is……………………………………(you-
ng) company director in the UK.

7) Urumqi in China is the

word’s………………………………..(far) city.

8) My parents are …………………………………

A) Read the text about Joel’s family. Choose the words. (happy) married couple I know.

My name’s Joel and I’m YOUNGER/ YOUNGEST person

in our family. COMPARATIVES AND
I’ve got two sisters and they’re both OLDER/ OLDEST SUPERLATIVES
than me. Erica’s account and she’s RICH/ RICHEST than
both Frances and me. She’s also the MORE INTELLI- 2) GRAMMAR
GENT/ MOST INTERESTING person in the family. Superlative adjectives are used to describe an object
Frances has got the MORE INTERESTING/ MOST IN- which is at the upper or lower limit of a quality (the tal-
lest, the smallest, the fastest, the highest). They are used
TERESTING job of us all I think she is a dancer. But I’m
in sentences where a subject is compared to a group of
the TALLER/ TALLEST Frances and Erica are both a lot objects.
SHORTER/SHORTEST than me!
My mother’s name is Ruby and she’s eight years YOU- The dog is faster than the elephant.
NGER/YOUNGEST than my father, Colin. He’s retired The horse is the fastest.
now. But he thinks life was BETTER/BEST cook in the The horse is bigger than the dog.
The elephant is the heaviest.
family. That’s good, because my mother is the WOR-
The dog is more energetic than the elephant.
SE/WORST! I so my parents MORE OFTEN/ MOST
OFTEN than my sister because I live the NEARER/
NEAREST. But the whole family is always together at
New Year, which is the MORE IMPORTANT/ MOST
IMPORTANT day of the year for us.

B) Now complete these sentences with its comparative or

superlative form.

1 Nepal has …………………………………………….

(unusual) flag in the world.

2)Tom is …………………………………… (easy) to live

than Harry. Harry is a lot ………………………………..
(noisy) and ………………………………….(aggressive)
than Tom.
23
Superlative
Examples:
My house is the largest one in our neighborhood.
This is the smallest box I’ve ever seen.
Your dog ran the fastest of any dog in the race.
We all threw our rocks at the same time. My rock flew the
highest. (“of all the rocks” is understood)
Comparative
Examples
Today is the worst day I’ve had in a long time.
You play tennis better than I do.
This is the least expensive sweater in the store.
This sweater is less expensive than that one.
I ran pretty far yesterday, but I ran even farther today.
3) VOCABULARY
A) Complete the sentences using the comparative form.
1. It’s too noisy here. Can we go somewhere
_______________________________ (quiet)?
2. The weather is too cold here. I’d like to live somewhere
_________________________ (warm)
3. You’re talking very loudly. Can you speak
______________________________ (quiet)
4. Unfortunately her illness was _________________ we
thought at first. (serious)
5. The exam was ___________________ than I expected.
(difficult)
6. Going by train is ___________________ than driving.
(expensive)
7. You’re ___________________ than me. (old)
8. Can you walk a bit _________________? (fast)
9. Its’s_______________________ to live in a big house.
(comfortable)
10. I’d like to have a _______________ car. (big)
B) Complete the sentences using a superlative.
1. This hotel is _____________________ in town. (cheap)
2. This building is ____________________ building in the
town. (old)
3. It’s _____________________ university in the world.
(famous)
4. It’s one of _______________________ rooms in the
hotel. (good)
5. It was _________________________ book in my
life. (bad)
6. What is __________________________ sport in
city? (popular)
7. What’s ___________________________ country
in the world. (Small)
8. What’s ______________________ thing you’ve
ever bought? (expensive)
9. It was _________________________ decision I’ve
ever made. (important)
10. This exercise is ____________________ I’ve ever
done. (difficult)
C) Complete the sentences using a superlative or
comparative form.
1. USA is _________________________ than France.
(large)
2. David is _______________________ student in
our group. (tall)
3. She is ____________________________ than I.
(old)
4. It isn’t warm today. It was
________________________ yesterday. (warm)
5. She is _______________________ singer in our
country. (popular)
6. This motorbike is __________________ in this
shop. (expensive)
7. A sofa is _______________________ than chair.
(comfortable)
8. My father is ________________ than by brother.
(strong)
9. This mountain is ________________________
place in the world. (dangerous)
10. English is ______________________________
subject of all. (interesting)
24
 CONNECTORS
UNIT EIGHT Os conectivos são palavras que contribuem para dar
What we will learn sentido e coesão em um texto, eles ajudam a estruturar o
Grammar: Sequences and connectors
New words: começo, meio e fim entre as frases e parágrafos; deixam o
Conversation: texto e fala mais refinados.
São conectivos usados para iniciar parágrafos, apre-
1) CONVERSATION & READING sentar informações e fazer referência entre ideias.

March 6th 2022

Dear Peter,
How are you? I Hope you are fine. It been a long time since I
last saw you, and that’s why I decided to send this letter to you,
so I tell you about one of my trips to Europe.
I travelled during December last year. First, I went to Paris,
and let me tell you that I had lots of fun, since some of my
friends travelled with me: I had never to Paris before. We Como o próprio nome diz, servem para acrescentar
stayed there for three weeks, but given the fact that we were too informações ao que está sendo falado ou escrito.
tired in the first day of our arrival, we just to get some sleep.
The next day we decided to go up the Eiffel Tower. The expe-
rience of seeing Paris from above was wonderful, so we de-
cided to take a lot of pictures from there. Later, I had one of
those tasty crepes you used to talk a lot about, and finally we
went back to the hotel we were staying at.
During the first week we visited the Louvre museum and The
Arch of Triumph, then we took a boat tour to Sena Lake, we
had a special dinner paired with a glass of champagne, and
lastly we took a train to the south of France, which is actually
very close to Spain.
That week was terrible because I got ill, so I has to stay in bed
for five days: my friends had a great time in that place, though:
they bought souvenirs and went places. While I just watched
the TV in the hotel’s room or read of the travel guides.
I was fully recovered after that week and I proposed to go
to Barcelona and then to Madrid. Finally, my friends and I
decided it was better to stay in Barcelona since there were a
lot of interesting places to visit. I promise to see you in Lon-
don on our next visit. Take care: I hope to hear from you soon
.
John

25

Estes conectivos são usados para facilitar o enten-
dimento e estruturação da sua redação (essay), exi-
bindo de forma clara a sequência das informações,
fatos ou ideias que estão sendo expostas.
A função destes conectivos serve
para informar quando os fatos
ocorrem.

Servem para comparar ideias ou conceitos que

foram apresentados.

26
Contrast
Indicam uma ideia ou conceito contrário ao que foi
apresentado, servem para contrapor informações.

Giving examples
Estes conectivos são bem simples e servem para
fornecer detalhes ou exemplos do que está sendo
apresentado.

Cause, sequence and result

A função destes conectivos serve para indicar ou re-
lacionar como os fatos, ideias ou conceitos ocorrem,
ligando as informações e apresentando de forma
clara a razão ou o motivo entre elas.

27

Ao finalizar a sua essay (redação), é extremamente
importante usar um destes conectivos para resumir
ou concluir de forma clara o que foi apresentado.
3) NEW WORDS
A) Connectors of Contrast
Conjunctions (followed by a complete sentence):
- although, though, even though, in spite of the fact that.
- while, whereas
- but, yet
- however , nevertheless, even so, on the one hand... on the other bordinate clause are different or the same but stated.
hand, on the contrary
Connectors followed by a noun sentence, a noun or a gerund:
- in spite of , despite
NOW, DO THESE EXERCISES:
1. Some people believe in ghosts and supernatural phenomena
_______________________others are skeptical about all that.
2. She didn’t get the job ___________________________her
brilliant qualifications.
3. “That book you’ve been reading must be very
interesting” “ ______________________, it’s dead
boring but I have to read it for school”
4. I’m not going to speak to her
_________________________she begs me pardon
5. ______________________________the risks
thousands of people climb the Everest every year.
6. I’m thinking of buying a new car. _____________
_____________________the old one still works, so
I could still use it for a couple of years.
7. The ad was excellent.
_______________________, the product didn’t sell
very well.
8.________________________________the wea-
ther wasn’t really good, the holidays was great!
9. The plane landed ________________________
the thick fog that covered the runway.
10.The government wants to pass the law. _______
____________________________, the party in the
opposition won’t lend them their support to do it.
11.The book is really interesting,
__________________________too specific if you
are not an expert
Connectors of purpose
- When the subject of the main clause and the
subordinate clause is the same. They are followed by
a verb
- in order to, so as to, to, in order not to, so as not
to
- When the subjects of the main clause and the su-
- They are followed by a complete sentence.
o in order that y so that
NOW, DO THESE EXERCISES:
1. I decided to pack up early
___________________I had enough time to go to
the airport by bus.
2. You must always use lots of sun cream
____________________________get sunburn.
28

3. She has put on some winter clothes
_______________________to be warm when she goes out.
4. Clara didn’t carry a lot of cash
_______________________get robbed.
5. _____________________________do it properly, you
must follow the instructions.
6. I called an electrician ____________________________
he would repair the plug in my bedroom.
7. They’ve been working a lot
___________________________save the company from
bankrupt.
8. My family saved money all year
_________________________we could have a special
holiday abroad.
9. ____________________________________get vitamins
you should eat lots of fruit and vegetables even if you don’t
like them much.
10. My son started to wear glasses
_______________________________read when he was
only 5.
B) Complete following sentences using an appropriate
connecting word.
1. Alice seems to be quite intelligent; ……………………,
she often gets poor grades.
( ) whereas ( ) otherwise ( ) nonetheless
2. This restaurant has some of the best chefs in the town.
…………………. their service is excellent.
( ) In addition to ( ) beside ( ) moreover
3. I’ve never been to the US …………………… . having
friends and relatives there.
( ) although ( ) however ( ) in spite of
4. He is a reckless driver; ………………….., he hasn’t had
any accidents.
( ) even as ( ) although ( ) even so
5. My sister works three jobs in a day; ………………… .,
she doesn’t earn much money.
( ) however ( ) even as ( ) moreover
6. We went out ………………… .. the cold weather.
( ) despite ( ) although ( ) besides
7. I tried to look happy ……………………… feeling
miserable.
( ) although ( ) in spite of ( ) however
8. Lorena seems to be quite clever. ......., she often gets
low marks.
( ) nevertheless ( ) Furthermore
9. The service at this restaurant is excellent. ..........,
the food is delicious.
( ) However ( ) In addition
10. I’ve never been to Argentina, .........having relati-
ves there.
( ) As well as ( ) Despite
11. Jordi is a careful driver. .........., he’s had several
accidents.
( ) Moreover ( ) However
12. Cristina loves playing sport, ........ she’s not very
good at it.
( ) And ( ) But
13. Anna is talented at music.......... art.
( ) As well as ( ) In spite of
C) Rewrite the following sentences using the connec-
tor in brackets.
1. Isabel apologised several times. Nevertheless, Pau
wouldn’t speak to her. (but)
__________________________________________
__________________________________________
__________________________________________
2. We decided to walk even though it was raining. (in
spite of)
__________________________________________
__________________________________________
__________________________________________
29
UNIT NINE 2) GRAMMAR

What we will learn

PASSIVE VOICE GRAMMAR
Grammar: Passive voice grammar
New words:
Conversation: Next week is my mother’s birthday. I will
send her flowers.
1) CONVERSATION & READING
Below are examples of the passive voice
using different verb tenses. Something is
happening to the flowers, the subject of our
sentences. (Except for future continuous!)

Simple present
Flowers are delivered every day.

Present continuous
Flowers are being delivered right now.

Simple past
CONVERSAÇÃO SOBRE PAST CONTINUOUS
flowers were delivered 2 days ago.

Past continuous
The flowers were being delivered when I
Phoned the florist.

Present perfect
Flowers have been delivered in Canada
since 1877.

Past perfect
Flowers have been delivered before my
mom got home.

Future
The flowers will be delivered next Tues-
day.

Future continuous
That flower truck has been behind us for
15 minutes. I think we are being followed!

Present conditional
The flowers will be delivered if there are
no problems with your credit card.

Past conditional
The flower would have been delivered if
we had enough roses.

30
 Passive Voice
Passive voice is used in English when it is more convenient or interesting so stress the
thing done than the doer of it, or when the doer is unknown:

My bag was stolen is much more usual than Thieves stole my bag.

• The passive of an active tense is formed by putting the verb TO BE into the same tense as
the active verb and adding the past participle of the active verb:

Active: He wrote a letter.

Passive: A letter was written.

• In a passive sentence the agent, or doer of the action, is very often not mentioned. When
the agent is mentioned it is preceeded by BY:

Active: My brother has written that poem.

Passive: that poem has has written by my brother

Tense Active voice Passive voice

Simple present Writes is written
Presente continuous is writing is being written
Simple past Wrote was written
Past continuous Was writing was being written
Present perfect has written has been written
Past perfect had written had been written
Future will write will be written
Present infinitive to write to be written
Perfect infinitive to have written to have been written
Present participle writing being written
Perfect participle having written having been written
Conditional would write would be written

31
 3) NEW WORDS
A) All tenses active & passive voice
Mr and Mrs. Brown live in a small town somewhere in the
north. They (1) …………………………………………..
(be) married for 12 years and since 2013 they (2)
…………………………………………. (live) in a
nice small house with a garden. Last year they (3)
…………………………………………………….
(decide) to redecorate the garden and so one of the
trees (4)…………………………………………………..
(cut) down and some new flowers
(5)…………………………………………..
(plant). While Mr. and Mrs Brown (6)
……………………………………. (watch) the ex-
cavator digging a hole for the swimming pool, the
garden fence (7) ……………………………………..
(paint) yellow and green. After the swimming pool
(8) ………………………………… (deliver), they (9)
…………………………………………… (install), they
(10)…………………………………… (invite) all their
neighbors to a pool party with barbecue.
Every October, Mr and Mrs Brown
(13)………………………………………. (not enjoy)
spending too much money on expensive hotels but his
wife (14) ……………………………………………
(prefer) a certain standard of living. At the moment
they (15) ……………………………………………..
(stay) in a beautiful and comfortable and bed
and breakfast hotel in Barcelona which (16)
………………………………………….. (run) by
Ms Gonzales. So far a couple of museums (17)
…………………………………………… (visit), several
photos (18) ………………………………………. (take)
and paella (19) ……………………………………………
(eat). If the weather is nice, they (20)
……………………………… (spend) the day at the beach
tomorrow.
B) Change the following sentences from active to passive!
1. The dentist pulled out my tooth.
My tooth ________________________by the dentist.
2. Who delivered that parcel ?
Who __________________that parcel
______________________by ?
3. The police are questioning him now.
He __________________________now by the police
4. The waitress serves breakfast at 7 o’clock.
Breakfast _____________________________at 7 o’clo-
ck by the waitress.
5. Who did they give the prize to?
Who ________________the prize ____________to ?
6. The news seemed to have shocked him.
He seemed ________________________by the news.
7. You should take these tablets before meals.
These tablets _______________________before meals.
8. The teacher has sent him out of the classroom.
He ___________________________out of the class-
room by the teacher.
9. You must wash coloured clothes separately.
Coloured clothes ___________________separately.
10. The mayor will open the new sports centre next
month.
The new sports centre ______________________by the
mayor next month.
11. Many parents influence their children strongly.
Children ___________________________strongly by
most parents.
12. They were pulling down the building when I walked
by.
The building _________________________down when
I walked by.
13. Somebody has stolen Jack’s car recently.
Jack’s car __________________________recently.
14. He expects people to show him more respect.
He expects ______________________more respect.
15. Has anyone collected the rubbish yet ?
_________________the rubbish _________________
yet ?
16. Nobody has seen the Queen since July.
The Queen___________________________since July.
32
UNIT TEN 2) GRAMMAR
What we will learn QUANTIFIERS
Grammar: Quantifiers
New words:
Conversation:
How many + How much = saying some-
thing without saying the exact amount
1) CONVERSATION & READING
Countable

Many I have too many bananas.

A few I have a few chickens.

Uncountable

Much I don’t have much rice.

A little I speak a little Spanish.

At the delicatessen

Sandwich chef: Hello.

Customer: Hello. Countable and uncountable
Sandwich chef: Which bread would you like?
Customer: Grain please. Enough I have enough juice.
We have enough cookies.
Sandwich chef: How many slices?
Customer: 4 please, I’d like 2 sandwiches.
Plenty We have plenty of juice.
Sandwich chef: What type of sandwich would you like?
We have plenty of cookies.
Customer: My personal favourite with pickles, lettuce,
olives, chicken, peppers and cheese.
A lot of I have a lot of juice.
Sandwich chef: How many pickles would you like?
We have a lot of cookies.
Customer: 4 please.
Sandwich chef: How much lettuce?
Some I have some juice.
Customer: Not much. We have some cookies.
Sandwich chef: How many olives?
Customer: A lot please.
Sandwich chef: How many slices of chicken?
Customer: 4 slices please. Think os comparatives:
Sandwich chef: How much pepper?
Customer: A lot please. Countable
Sandwich chef: Red, green or orange?
Many More Most
Customer: Red and orange in one sandwich and green in
the other.
Uncountable
Sandwich chef: How much cheese would you like?
Much More Most
Customer: 4 slices please.
Sandwich chef: Would you like anything else?
Customer: Yes, some salt and pepper please. Ex: There are many people in Korea, more people in Japan
but the most people live in China.
Sandwich chef: How much? Much time is spent on studying, more is spent working but
Customer: Not much. most is spent watching TV.
ROLE PLAY. WORK IN PAIRS.

33
 3) NEW WORDS

A) Complete the sentences with how much or how B) Complete the sentences with much, many, a lot of.
many.
1. Are there________________________ apple on the
1.__________________________________ . classmates
tree?
do you have?
2. There is ________________________ fog today.
2._____________________________ sugar does your
3. How ____________________________ oranges are
mom put into her coffee?
left in the fridge?
3._____________________________ days are there in a
4. My neighbor has so
week?
_____________________________ cats.
4._____________________________________ is the
5. The teacher gave us _________________________
pencil?
homework.
5.__________________________________ money have
6. Do you read_______________________________
you got?
books?
6.___________________________________ cars does
7. Do you get ___________________________________
your family own?
_ e-mails?
7. ________________________ bananas do you
8. I don’t like this boy very________________________
want me to buy?
9. How _________________________ does this dress
8.________________________________ more time do
cost?
you need to get ready?
10. I couldn’t go to the cinema because I had too
9.________________________________ girls in your
______________________ work to finish.
class play soccer?
11. I had a bad grade because I made
10._________________________________ people work
_________________________ mistakes in my test.
here?
12. Tim is drunk. He has had too
11.___________________________________ different
_________________________ wine.
fruits do you know?
13. I eat _______________________ vegetables, but I
12._____________________________________ pages
don’t eat __________________ meat.
have you already read?
14. Andy is shy, he doesn’t have
13._____________________________________ are the
_________________________ friends.
oranges?
15. Don’t eat so __________________________ cake.
14.___________________________________ times a
week do you eat fish?
15.___________________________________ dresses
does your sister have?

34
UNIT ELEVEN
What we will learn
Grammar: Conjuctions
New words:
Conversation:
1) GRAMMAR
BECAUSE
Because is used to
show/give reason. It is
followed by a complete
sentence with its own
subject and verb.
Examples
* She usually eats at
home, because she likes
cooking.
* The girl ran because she
was afraid.
* He is delighted because I
am here.
* I like
Samuel because he’s
honest.
WHEREAS
Whereas is conjunction.
it links two ideas that
contrast with each other.
Examples
*Chickesn meat is
white, whereas that of an
ox is red.
* My father is
wealthy whereas we are
poor.
* Whereas we did all the
job, they enjoy
themselves.
* I am poor, whereas my
sisters are very rich.
HOWEVER
We can express a contrast
by using the adverb
however with two
sentences. It is always
Followed by a comma.
Examples
* He was feeling very
ill. However, he went to
School.
* Some people disagree with
This idea, however. It’s never
proven right.
* She is the best student in
school. However, she doesn’t
do homework on time.
ALTHOUGH
Although is used for
introducing a statement
that makes the main statement in a sentence seem.
Examples
* Although it rained all day,
we enjoyed the party
very much.
* He failed in the exam,
Although he studied very hard.
* They didn’t go to the party,
although they were invited.
35
3) NEW WORDS

Although – but – however

a) Choose the correct answer.

1. My mother goes shopping although - however it is

raining.

2. Megan reads book but – however she doesn’t read

newspapers.

3. I have studied hard for the exam. Although – howe-

ver, I failed the exam.

4. Although – however it was late, we went out.

5. I like swimming but – however I don’t like riding a

horse.

6. I ate two hamburger although – however I wasn’t

hungry.

7. I missed the bus. Although – however I wasn’t late

for the school.

8. Karen visited us yesterday but – although she didn’t

stayed with us.

9. Although – however the exam was difficult, I had a

good mark.

10. Morgan went to school although - but he was ill.

36
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38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
UNIT TWO
What we will learn
Grammar: Subject pronouns; possessive adjectives; possessive pronouns
New words: adjectives and pronouns
Conversation:

A) Fill in my, your, his, her, its, our, their.

1. I don’t know the time because I can’t find _____________________________watch.

2. What’s the boy’s name? __________________________________ name is Ben Scott.

3. Debbie has got a cat. ________________________________________cat is very lively.

4. The dog is very cute. ________________________________________name is Ben.

5. We are at school. __________________________________________school is very nice.

6. I have a new laptop. __________________________________________laptop is white.

7. I’m from Seattle. Most of ______________________________friends are from Seattle, too.

8. The rabbit is white. _________________________________________cage is in the garden.

9. Sandra and Jenny are friends. ____________________________school is in the city centre.

10. The Millers have a new car. _________________________________________car is blue.

11. Emma Peel has got a brother. _______________________________________name is Paul.

12. Nick Baker has a sister. _________________________________________name is Debbie.

13. Yes, we have a dog. _____________________________________________dog is very old.

14. The boys have got a tortoise. ______________________________________name is Trundle.

15. Suddenly the children see an old man. It’s ________________________________grandfather.

16. Aunt Mary is sitting at the table. Peter fills ____________________________glass with juice.

17. We take the guitars and start to play. _________________________________music is great.

18. Captain Clark drives a yellow sports car. It’s _____________________________________car.

19. Tom and Robert like fish and chips. It’s __________________________________favourite food.

20. We cannot come on Saturday. It’s ____________________________________father’s birthday.

52
B) Fill in my, your, his, her, its, our, their.

1. Ann likes ________________________________________________ teachers at school.

2. Is this Peter’s book? No, _____________________________________book is in the schoolbag.

3. Mary, is this your bike? No, ____________________________________bike is behind the house.

4. The hamster is in ________________________________________________ cage.

5. Henry helps ________________________________________________ little brother.

6. Children, where are ________________________________________________ exercise books?

7. The boys play with ________________________________________________ football.

8. Tommy writes ________________________________________________ homework.

9. Paul and Cathy eat ________________________________________________ sandwiches.

10. My sister and I go to ________________________________________________ grandmother.

11. The monkey eats ________________________________________________ bananas.

12. The cats drink ________________________________________________ milk.

13. Tom and I like spaghetti. It is __________________________________________favourite food.

14. Carol and Bob do not like ______________________________________________classroom.

15. Can I play with ______________________________________________computer game, Tom?

16. Dad always washes ______________________________________________car on Sundays.

17. What’s ________________________________________________ telephone number, Susan?

18. Ann has two brothers. ____________________________________names are Bill and George.

19. Lucy likes ________________________________________________ new bike.

20. I can’t find ____________________________________________new shirt. Have you seen it?

53
C) Fill in mine, yours, his, hers, ours, theirs.

A: Is this my book?
B: No, it’s _________________. Yours is over there on the desk.

A: Do you really think that it was my fault?

B: Yes, of course it was _________________________.

A: Is this our neighbours’ dog digging in our garden?

B: Yes, it’s __________________________________.

A: Who left that mobile phone on the shelf? Is it my brother’s?

B: Yes, I’m sure it’s ____________________________.

A: Is this my glass?
B: No, it’s not ________________________. It’s mine.

A: Those are your kids’ bikes, aren’t they?

B: Yes, they are. They are __________________________.

A: Whose sunglasses are these?

B: They are __________________________________. I was looking for them for some time.

A: Is that your car in the driveway?

B: No. We parked ______________________________________________on the street.

A: Linda is looking for her keys. Are these hers?

B: Yes, they are __________________________________________.

A: This is your parents’ car, isn’t it?

B: No, it’s _________________________________________. I bought it last Tuesday.

A: Someone forgot this umbrella? Is it your brother’s?

B: Yes, I think it’s _____________________________________________________.

A: Does that red SUV belong to your parents?

B: Yes, it’s __________________________________________________________.

54
D) Complete with mine, yours, his, hers, ours, theirs.

1. The books belong to me and my sister. It is _______________________________________.

2. The car belongs to my uncle. It is _______________________________________________.

3. This ball belongs to those girls. It is ______________________________________________.

4. This laptop belongs to my brother. It is ___________________________________________.

5. These books belong to my sister. They are ________________________________________.

6. That motorcycle belongs to her brothers. It is ______________________________________.

7. This cat belongs to our neighbour’s daughters. It is __________________________________.

8. This house belongs to me and my brother. It is _____________________________________.

9. The shoes belongs to my sister. They are __________________________________________.

10. The tennis rackets belong to me. They are ________________________________________.

11. The mobile phone belongs to you. It is ___________________________________________.

12. The bikes belong to my friends. They are _________________________________________.

13. This coat belongs to my aunt Deborah. It is _______________________________________.

14. This truck belongs to my neighbour Bill. It is_______________________________________.

15. The ball belongs to me and my sister. It is ________________________________________.

55
UNIT THREE B) Complete the sentences with: Herself, him-
self, itself, myself, ourselves, themselves,
What we will learn
Grammar: Object pronouns; reflexive pronouns
yourself or yourselves.
New words + audio:
Conversation:

1. I wash ______________________.
A) Which object form of the personal pronoun can
substitute the underlined phrase in the sentence? 2. You wash ______________________.

1. The teacher always gives the students homework. 3. He washes ______________________.

( ) me ( ) them ( ) you
4. She washes ______________________.
2. I am reading the book to my little sister.
5. It washes ______________________.
( ) her ( ) us ( ) him
6. We wash ______________________.
3. The boys are riding their bikes.
( ) it ( ) them ( ) her 7. You wash ______________________.

4. My father is writing a letter to John. 8. They wash ______________________.

( ) me ( ) her ( ) him C) Fill in the correct reflexive pronouns into the
gaps.
5. I don’t know the answer.
( ) she ( ) her ( ) it
1. She cooks breakfast ___________________
6. Sally is going to see Anne. ______________.
( ) her ( ) him ( ) me
2. They were looking at___________________
7. Open the window, please. _____________in the mirror.
( ) it ( ) them ( ) us 3. I don’t need your help. I can do it__________
_______________________.
8. Can you tell the people the way to the airport,
please? 4. He is taking a photo of__________________
( ) you ( ) them ( ) us ___________.
5. Andrew, you have to make your bed_______
9. The books are for Peter.
___________________________________.
( ) him ( ) her ( ) you
6. The cat
10. Can you help my sister and me, please? scratched_______________________.
( ) her ( ) me ( ) us 7. My mother decided to bake a birthday cake
____________________________________.
8. They don’t respect___________________.
9. Are you going to the supermark
et_________________________?
10. We’ve made a
scarf______________________________.

56
 D) Read and choose with correct object pronoun.
11. Tell me a little about _________________.

1. I can’t see Mary. I can’t see ______________.

12. He never talks about _________________. ( ) him ( ) she ( ) her

13. She did all the work by 2. Karen is next to Peter. Karen is next to ________ .
_________________. ( ) he ( ) him ( ) he

3. Can you help Peter and Ann? Can you help

14. They were concerned for
________?
_________________ in such an unsafe situa-
( ) they ( ) you ( ) them
tion.
4. Drink your apple juice! Drink ________!
15. He has to fix that _________________. ( ) it ( ) its ( ) your

16. I want him to do the job 5. We are going to the cinema. Come with

_________________. ________!
( ) we ( ) them ( ) us

17. The horse hurt _________________.

6. These are my bananas. You can’t eat ________
( ) they ( ) them ( ) it
18. The players clean the field
_________________. 7. Carol is at school. She can’t come with ________
( ) we ( ) us ( ) they
19. She asked _________________ some
questions. 8. The cat is under the chair. Can you see
__________?
( ) he ( ) she ( ) it
20. Grandpa cut _________________.

9. Dave can’t swim. Help ________!

21. I always find the way _________________. ( ) him ( ) her ( ) he

22. Elizabeth sang quietly to 10. It’s Kate’s birthday today. This is a present for
_________________. ________
( ) she ( ) her ( ) it

23. John hurt _________________while he

11. Where are you? I can’t see ________
was repairing his car.
( ) your ( ) you ( ) us

24. Mrs Miller planted the roses

12. The windows are opened. Close ________
_________________. ( ) it ( ) they ( ) them

25. I went to the shop to buy 13. I can’t ride a horse. Help ________!
_________________ some lunch. ( ) I ( ) me ( ) it

57
UNIT FOUR 11) __________________is going really well and so
I’m really happy.
What we will learn
Grammar: Indefinite pronouns
New words:
Conversation: 12) I know ____________________in this company.

A) Complete the sentences with somebody / some- It’s my first day.

thing / somewhere / anybody / anything / anywhere
/ nobody / nothing / nowhere / everybody / every- 13) Did you go ____________________during the

thing / everywhere. summer? (I don’t know if you did or not.)

1) She wants to live _____________________by 14) She doesn’t want __________________to help

the sea (in a certain place). her.

2) She put ________________________in the box, 15) She loves ________________. She’s a really
all the things that she had. kind person.

3) Does ______________________have a phone 16) I must have left my keys

charger? (I don’t know if a person has a charger or _______________________!

not.)
17) They looked ________________________for

4) We went _____________________this weeke- the money. They looked in all the places in the hou-

nd. We stayed at home. se.

5) She didn’t bring ______________________to 18) Would you like _____________________to

the party. drink? (This is an offer, not a real question.)

6) Is there ________________________in the 19) __________________________in the UK has

room? hot weather today. It’s cold all over the country.

7) A: What’s wrong? B: ______________, I’m fine. 20) _______________________unusual happened.

It was a very ordinary day.

8) _________________lives in that house. It’s

empty. 21) I gave the children _______________________
to eat because they were hungry.

9) Would you like to go ___________________this

weekend? (I don’t expect a particular answer.) 22) I wish _________________________would
clean this mess up!

10) _____________________was really friendly, all

the managers and even the CEO. 23) _______________________came to the door
earlier but I don’t know who it was.

58
24) I am sure I put down my keys 35) There’s _________________________very
______________________________. attractive about her.

24) Calm down. There is _____________________ 36) Did ______________________see George

to worry about. Clooney’s latest film?

25) Let’s sit down __________________________ 37) ________________________ is talking about

and talk. the new soap opera.

26) I heard a knock at the door but there was 38) I’m sure there is ________________________
_________________________there. ___________downstairs.

27) We didn’t see _________________________.
28) The restaurant was really crowded.
_______________________________had a good
time.
39) I can’t make my point clear. _______________
_______________________understands me!
40) Let’s go _______________________________
___________________________different tonight.

28) Be quite ! ______________________________ 41)___________________________________

is coming. must hand in their homework by Friday.

29) I don’t think _________________________ 42) The trouble is that there is ________________
knows the answer to that question. _________________________________for young
people in this town.
30) She can’t go ___________________________
without people recognizing her. 43) Can’t you hear that
_____________________________ is knocking on
31) I’ve got ________________________________ the door?
to tell you.
44) I was wondering if you would like ___________
32) I was really bored during the holiday. I did ______________________ to drink.
___________________________and went .
45) The family members have been badly injured in
33) I woke up and suddenly the accident. Is there _______________________
______________________________seemed better. ________________to help them?

34) There was water all over the floor. It was ______ 46) Carol has just checked the internet; however,
____________________________________. she couldn’t find the article ___________________
______________________________________.

59
 Punch –___________________________________
UNIT FIVE Push –___________________________________
What we will learn Read – ___________________________________
Grammar: Action verbs
New words + audio:
Conversation:
Repair – _________________________________
Ride –___________________________________
A) Write the translation. Rise –___________________________________
Eat – ___________________________________ Run – ____________________________________
Enter – ___________________________________ Save – ___________________________________
Exit – ___________________________________ Say – ____________________________________
Explore – _________________________________ Sell – ____________________________________
Fall – ___________________________________ Send – ___________________________________
Fight – ___________________________________ Shake – __________________________________
Fill – ___________________________________ Shout – __________________________________
Find – ___________________________________ Sing – ___________________________________
Finish – ___________________________________ Sit – _____________________________________
Fly – ___________________________________ Sleep – ___________________________________
Follow – ___________________________________ Smile – ___________________________________
Gather – ___________________________________ Speak – __________________________________
Give – ___________________________________ Spend – __________________________________
Go – ___________________________________ Stand – ___________________________________
Grab – ___________________________________ Start – ___________________________________
Help – ___________________________________ Stretch – _________________________________
Hit – ___________________________________ Swim – _________________________________
Hold – ___________________________________ Take – _________________________________
Hop – ___________________________________ Talk – _________________________________
Jump – ___________________________________ Teach – _________________________________
Kick – ___________________________________ Throw – _________________________________
Kiss – ___________________________________ Touch – _________________________________
Laugh – ___________________________________ Travel – _________________________________
Leave – ___________________________________ Try – _________________________________
Lean – ___________________________________ Turn – _________________________________
Lift – ___________________________________ Visit – _________________________________
Listen – ___________________________________ Vote – _________________________________
Live – ___________________________________ Wait – _________________________________
Make – ___________________________________ Walk – _________________________________
March – ___________________________________ Wash – _________________________________
Meet – ___________________________________ Watch – _________________________________
Mop – ___________________________________ Wear – _________________________________
Move – ___________________________________ Write – _________________________________
Nod – ___________________________________ Yawn – _________________________________
Yell – ___________________________________
60
 Play, go or do?
B) Complete the sentences with one of these verbs. Pay attention to the verb tense!

1. My sister ___________________ the piano very well.

2. They _________________ finishing every Saturday.

3. She _______________ gymnastics twice a week.

4. Next weekend we are _____________ camping near the river.

5. Michael ______________ rock climbing every summer.

6. Her brother ______________ athletics. He has already won some medals.

7. Do you know how ________________ horse shoe?

8. Have you ever _________________ parachuting?

9. Her mother ________________ jogging every morning, before going to work.

10. I have never _______________ yoga. And you?

11. Everybody should _____________ some exercise every week. It’s good for our health.

12. What I really like to do in my free time is _______________ cards with my friends.

13. Last year he ______________ surfing to Australia, because the waves there are fantastic.

14. My daughter loves ___________________ aerobics.

15. He ______________ volleyball for our school team.

16. People say that to _________________ chess is very good to train our concentration.

17. If I had the opportunity, I would ______________ sailing around the world.
18. What equipment do we need to _______________ paragliding?

19. Our English teacher likes to _________________ puzzles.

20. His father _____________ hunting with his friends.

21. When you _____________ football you have to score goals.

22. Is you team ______________ basketball this weekend?

23. You need a pair of flip – flops if you ______________ diving.

24. Nowadays is becoming fashionable ______________ tai chi.

25. I would like _______________ skiing with you, but I have no free time.

26. Have you ever ______________ any extreme sport?

27. Do you _________________ dancing with your friends?

28. Do you like _______________ karate?

29. If you _________________ scuba diving, you need specific equipment.

30. My brother likes ________________ tennis, but I don’t.

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UNIT SIX 17) Mr Blue ______________________(not/drink)
coffee in the library when the murder happened.
What we will learn
Grammar: Past Continuous
New words:
18) The maid ____________________(not/clean)
Conversation: the bedrooms when the murder happened.

A) Make the positive or negative past continuous 19) I ____________________________(not/listen)

to music when the murder happened.
1) Julie ______________________________(sleep)
at three o’clock. 20) The dogs ______________________(not/play)
outside when the murder happened.
2) You _____________________________(study)
at three o’clock.

3) Luke _____________________________(read)
at three o’clock.

4) I ________________________________(work)
at three o’clock.

5) They _____________________________(eat)
chocolate at three o’clock.

6) John ____________________________(play)

7) We ____________________________(watch)
TV at three o’clock.

8) He _______________________________(use)
the internet at three o’clock.

9) You _____________________________(cook)
lunch at three o’clock.
[
10) We _____________________________(travel)
to London at three o’clock.

11) Mrs Brown ______________________(not/walk)

in the garden when the murder happened.

12) Mr Black _______________________(not/work)

in his study when the murder happened.

13) Miss Jones _____________________(not/talk)

to Mr. White when the murder happened.
[
14) You ___________________________(not/play)
cards when the murder happened.

15) Dr Ford _______________________(not/read)

in his room when the murder happened.

16) Mr. and Mrs. Green ________________(not/eat)

in the dining room when the murder happened.

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UNIT SEVEN B) Complete the gaps with positive, comparative
and superlative form of the italicized adjective.
What we will learn
Grammar: Comparatives and superlatives
New words: 1. interesting
Conversation: Positive - I know___________________story.
Comparative - He knows______________story.
A) Put the adjectives between brackets in the correct Superlative - They know_______________story.
form
2. expensive
Positive - This dress is____________________.
1. My brother has a (tidy)_____________________ Comparative - That dress is________________.
room than me. Superlative - Those dresses are_____________
dresses in the shop.

2.Australia is (big) _______________________than 3. new

England. Positive - My car is_______________________.
Comparative - Her car is__________________.
Superlative - Chris’s car is_________________.
3. I’m (good) ______________________________
4. dangerous
now than yesterday.
Positive - This road is_____________________.
Comparative - That road is________________.
4. She’s got (little) ____________________________ Superlative - Those roads are______________.
money than you, but she doesn’t care.
5. good
Positive - He is a __________________student.
5. He thinks Chinese is (difficult)_________________ Comparative - She is a__________________stu-
dent.
language in the world.
Superlative - I am_____________student of all.

6. Valencia played (bad) ____________________ 6. deep

Positive - Arctic Ocean is_________________.
than Real Madrid yesterday. Comparative - Atlantic Ocean is____________.
Superlative - Pacific Ocean is______________.
7. Cats are not (intelligent)_____________________
7. important
as dogs. Positive - My job is______________________.
Comparative - His job is______________than
mine.
8. Show me (good) ___________________________
Superlative - Their job is_________________.
restaurant downtown.
8. selfish
Positive - Emily is________________________.
9. (hot) _______________________ desert of all is
Comparative - Kyla is_____________than Emily.
the Sahara and it’s in Africa. Superlative - Sandra is______________girl I’ve
ever met.

10. Who is (talkative) ______________________

9. bad
person in your family? Positive - The weather is__________________.
Comparative - Yesterday the weather
was__________________.
Superlative - Three days ago the weather was
____________________________.

63
 UNIT EIGHT
What we will learn
Grammar: Sequences and connectors
New words:
Conversation:

A) B) Choose so, because, but, although to comple-

te the sentences below.
1. Winters in Canada can be very cold.
_________________________, warm clothing in
important. 1. We couldn’t find a taxi, _________________we
(meanwhile, for this example, for example) walked home

2. Mercury is a small planet. ___________________,

it is only slightly larger than our moon. 2. _______________________it was very cold,
(thus, subsequently, in fact) she wasn’t wearing a coat.

3. I was sick so I didn’t study for the test;

___________________, I got a very low grade. 3. I woke up ___________________________the-
(e.g., therefore, first) re was a noise.

4. There are many reasons why Plan “A” didn’t work,

4. I called him ______________________his mo-
_________________, Plan “B” was a much better
idea. bile was turned off.
(in short, for instance /next)
5. _________________________ she’s very nice,
5. My friends looked for food;
she doesn’t have many friends.
_______________________, I made a shelter for the
night.
(meanwhile/ certainly/ as a case in point) 6. There was nothing on TV,
___________________I went to bed.
6. There was no rain for two months.
____________________, all the crops died.
(all in all/ e.g./ because of this) 7. All the cafés were full ____________________it
was a public holiday.
7. First, I arrived at hotel, then I checked in, and
___________________ I went to bed.
(to summarize/ finally/ truly) 8. She studied quite hard ___________________
she failed the exam.
8. Some passenger planes are huge;
________________________, an Airbus A380 can
9. She was crying ______________________her
carry more than 800 people.
(at least/ in brief/ indeed) team lost the match

9. A: Did you have a good time? B: No. 10. They wanted to win _____________________
_______________________, I had a terrible time!
it was impossible
(as a matter of fact/ to illustrate/ hence)

10. Patrick overslept this morning.

_____________________, he was late for work.
(as a result/ such as/ to sum up)

64
 UNIT NINE 7) Have you ever been awarded a prize?
________________________________________
What we will learn
Grammar: Passive voice grammar ________________________________________
New words:
Conversation:
________________________________________

A) Conversation questions to practice passive voice

8) What goal do you think humanity is not focused
enough on achieving?
1) Have you ever been punished or made to pay for ________________________________________
something that you did not do? ________________________________________
___________________________________________ ________________________________________
___________________________________________
9) What traditions are kept in your family?
___________________________________________
________________________________________
________________________________________
2) How would you handle integrating someone who
________________________________________
had been frozen for 100 years into society? 10) What’s the most difficult question you have
___________________________________________ ever been asked?
___________________________________________ ________________________________________
___________________________________________ ________________________________________
3) How would your country change if children were ________________________________________
allowed to vote?
11) Have you ever been hurt by someone you
___________________________________________ trusted?
___________________________________________ ________________________________________
___________________________________________ ________________________________________

________________________________________
4) Would civilization be better off if the internet had
12) What 3 global issues should be solved right
never been created?
now?
___________________________________________
________________________________________
___________________________________________
________________________________________
___________________________________________
________________________________________

5) Can you explain how glass is made?
___________________________________________
___________________________________________
___________________________________________
13) What’s the best present you’ve ever been
given?
________________________________________
________________________________________
________________________________________

6) What is the nicest thing that has been done for you? 14) What are the most popular foods eaten in your
___________________________________________ country?
___________________________________________ ________________________________________
___________________________________________ ________________________________________
________________________________________

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