NAVISTAR, INC.

NUMBER:
CEMS
(CORPORATE ENGINEERING MATERIAL SPECIFICATION) CEMS A-6, PART I, APPX
TITLE: Low Carbon Steel, Flat Rolled and Structural Shapes - CURRENT ISSUE DATE:

APPENDIX April 2010

WRITTEN/REVIEWED BY: APPROVED BY: SUPERSEDES ISSUE OF:
Materials Engineering Materials Engineering February 2008

PRINTED COPIES OF THIS DOCUMENT MUST BE VERIFIED FOR CURRENT REVISION

This specification may involve hazardous materials, equipment, and procedures. This specification does not purport to address all
of the safety issues associated with its use. The user is responsible to consult appropriate safety and health practices and to
determine the applicability of regulatory limits prior to use.
Change Notice: Replaced “International Truck and Engine Corporation” with “Navistar, Inc.” per corporate
directive; revised Table A-VI; editorial changes.

APPENDIX
GENERAL INFORMATION (Not A Requirement)
changes. CONTENTS
GENERAL INtorial Changes
PAGE
A.1 GRADES 1
A.2 PRODUCT FORMS 3
A.3 MECHANICAL PROPERTIES 7
A.4 WELDABILITY 9
A.5 PREFERRED SIZES 10
A.6 PRODUCT CLASSIFICATION 14
A.7 TOLERANCES 15
A.1 GRADES
A1.1 Grade 1 - Low strength, high ductility grade intended primarily for sheet and strip applications
suitable for cold bending and moderate cold forming. For applications which require heavy forming or
cold bends more severe than those recommended in Table A-III, it may be necessary to purchase higher
quality steel such as Drawing Steel (DS). Steels of Grade 1 are easily welded by all common welding
methods.
A.1.2 Grade 1C - Intended for use in preference to Grade 1 when the properties of cold rolled sheet or
strip are desired, usually for improved appearance after painting or higher strengths (see Table A-II).
A.1.3 Grade 2 - Intended primarily for hot rolled sheet and plate applications suitable for limited cold
bending and forming. This grade is not intended for cold rolled sheet applications. Material supplied as
Grade 2 is easily welded, but as the carbon content increases above 0.15 percent, spot projection or seam
welding becomes increasingly more difficult.
A.1.4 Grade 3 - This grade is intended primarily for plate, flat bar, bar shape and structural shape
applications where a slightly higher strength, easily weldable material is required. Spot projection welds,
however, are not recommended. Merchant quality flat bars and bar shapes are not recommended for
severe cold bending and/or for critical welds.
A.1.5 Grades 4B and 5 - Grade 4B is intended primarily for structural shapes and Grade 5 is intended
primarily for plate applications where somewhat higher strengths are required. Structural shapes
produced to Grade 4B and plates produced to Grade 5 involve no chemistry extras. Plates, flat bars and
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NUMBER: TITLE: Low Carbon Steel, Flat Rolled and Structural Shapes CURRENT ISSUE DATE:
CEMS A-6, PART I, APPENDIX APRIL 2010
APPX
bar shapes produced to Grade 5 involve no chemistry extras. Plates, flat bars and bar shapes produced to
Grade 4B carry chemistry extras. Merchant quality flat bars and bar shapes are not recommended for
severe cold bending and/or critical welds.
A.1.6 Grade 6 - Grade 6 is a structural steel grade having yield and tensile strengths higher than low
carbon steel. In this class of steels, strength is achieved through chemical composition (alloying) and
special processing (including mechanical rolling, temperature control, etc.). This grade allows for
structural load bearing applications in cab panel design. A considerable variation in strength is available,
with ductility and formability decreasing with increasing strength. Grade 6 steels include the dent
resistant grades (strain- and bake-hardenable), structural steel (SS) grades, microalloyed HSLA grades,
the higher strength recovery annealed grades, the ultra high strength dual phase steels, and the very high
strength low carbon martensitic grades.
A.1.6.1 Grade 6 – Dent Resistant Grades (SHS and BHS)
These are the strain hardenable (SHS) and bake hardenable (BHS) steel grades with lower, as-received
strength values, providing greater formability. After the part has been fabricated (with a forming strain
equivalent to a min 2% tensile pre-strain), the yield strength level in the part increases. The Type A
grades are non-bake, strain hardenable grades and after a min 2% tensile strain during the forming
operation, the yield strength increases by a min 35 MPa in the longitudinal direction. The Type B grades
are bake hardenable grades. These grades experience an increase in yield strength, as a result of a min 2%
tensile strain during the forming operation, and an additional strengthening increment that occurs during
the paint baking process. The total strength increase depends upon several different factors. Refer to SAE
J2340 for further information; the steel supplier may be consulted for specific information regarding the
particular steel grade being provided.
A.1.6.2 Grade 6 –Structural Steel (SS) Grades
Structural steel (SS) grades are equivalent to the former steel designation of “structural quality.” These
grades are produced to specified mechanical properties, which are obtained through control of carbon
and manganese. This material is intended for structural purposes where mechanical test values are
required, and is generally available to a maximum thickness of 0.229 in. (6.0 mm).
A.1.6.3 Grade 6 – Microalloyed HSLA Grades
These are the typical high strength, low alloy steel grades using microalloy additions of carbide and
nitride forming elements, such as columbium, vanadium, titanium, either singly or in combinations, to
achieve the desired strength level. The Type X grades are required to exhibit a minimum spread of 70
MPa (10 ksi) between the minimum yield and tensile strength values. Type Y grades are similar except
that a minimum spread of 100 MPa (15 ksi) is required between the minimum yield and tensile strength
values. Grades which have an “F” suffix will specify an inclusion controlled steel, which provides
improved formability over the standard X or Y HSLA grades. HSLA steels are intended for applications
where greater strength and weight savings are important. The corrosion resistance of these steels is
about the same as plain carbon steels. The ultra-high strength steel grades (UHSS) have increased
strength over the other HSLA grades and are made to a fine ferritic grain practice; they also include
microalloying elements such as Nb (Cb), Ti, V, and Mo.

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NUMBER: TITLE: Low Carbon Steel, Flat Rolled and Structural Shapes CURRENT ISSUE DATE:
CEMS A-6, PART I, APPENDIX APRIL 2010
APPX
A.1.6.4 Grade 6 – High Strength Recovery Annealed Cold Rolled Steel (Type R)
These are the cold reduced recovery annealed sheet steel grades. Strength levels are achieved primarily
through cold working. Microalloy additives may or may not be present. Carbon level is restricted to
0.13% maximum for formability and weldability. Mechanical properties developed are highly directional,
and ductility and formability are limited. These steel grades are best suited to limited cold bending and roll
forming applications.

A.1.6.5 Grade 6 – Ultra High Strength Dual Phase Steel (Types DL and DH)
These are the dual phase steel grades. Special heat-treating practices involving quenching and tempering
are used to generate a dual-phase microstructure of ferrite and martensite, with the volume fraction of
martensite determining the strength level. Classification of these types is based upon the minimum tensile
strength of the grade. Two types of dual phase steels, DL and DH, are available based upon the ratio of
yield and tensile strengths. Dual phase steel products having YS/TS ratios of 0.7 or less are designated as
DL types, while dual phase steel products having ratios greater than 0.7 are designated DH.
A.1.6.6 Grade 6 – Low Carbon Martensitic Steels (Type M )
These are the fully martensitic, ultra high strength, sheet steel grades. Carbon content and tempering
temperature determine the strength levels. These steels have limited ductility but are used in some cold
bending and roll forming applications.
A.2 PRODUCT FORMS
A.2.1 Sheet
A.2.1.1 Sheet Qualities- Hot and cold rolled carbon steel sheet is available in several different quality
grades and types. The common low carbon grades may be provided as vacuum degassed or chemically
stabilized steels at the supplier‟s option. The structural sheet steels are available in several different
strength grades. Carbon content is a maximum of 0.15 %, however lower carbon contents of 0.02% max
are also common in the non-structural grades.
A.2.1.1.1 Commercial Steel (CS) - Unless otherwise specified, sheet will be supplied as commercial
steel. This type is suitable for moderate forming and most applications involving bending. Three types of
commercial steel are available depending upon carbon content; unless otherwise specified, Type B will be
provided.
A.2.1.1.2 Drawing Steel (DS) - This quality is a further improvement in quality and ductility. It may be
specified for drawing applications requiring greater formability and drawability than is available from the
commercial steel grade. It is again available in two types depending upon carbon content. Unless
otherwise specified, Type B will be provided.
A.2.1.1.3 Deep Drawing Steel (DDS) – This quality is a highly ductile and formable type capable of
deep drawing applications. It is a stabilized steel grade, free from strain aging. It exhibits high uniformity
within any shipment and among successive shipments. Care should be exercised to insure that very low
carbon contents do not reduce the yield strength value below the required minimum of 22 ksi (150 MPa).
A.2.1.1.4 Extra Deep Drawing Steel (EDDS) – This quality is the most formable of the sheet steel
types. It is a stabilized steel and will generally be interstitial free, providing exceptional formability. It is
the most formable and most expensive of the sheet steel types. Care must be exercised to insure that the
low carbon contents do not reduce the yield strength value below the required minimum of 22 ksi (150
MPa).
A.2.1.2 HR Surface Condition- The following surfaces are available on Hot Rolled sheet steel:

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NUMBER: TITLE: Low Carbon Steel, Flat Rolled and Structural Shapes CURRENT ISSUE DATE:
CEMS A-6, PART I, APPENDIX APRIL 2010
APPX
A.2.1.2.1 As-Rolled - Suitable for many applications where mill oxide or scale resulting from the hot-
rolling operation are not objectionable. It is not recommended for deep drawing operations because the
oxide and scale impair the flow of metal and increase tool wear. The as-rolled condition is also not
recommended for exposed parts where finish is a prime requirement unless special care is taken to obtain
a smooth painted surface.
A.2.1.2.2 Special Surface - Specified when a surface better than normal as-rolled surface is required.
Sheets have smooth, clean surfaces with adherent oxide.
A.2.1.2.3 Pickled - Mill oxide and scale have been removed by pickling in a dilute solution of sulfuric
acid. This surface condition is necessary for drawing operations where scale can score dies and for spot
welding where scale may affect weld integrity.
A.2.1.2.4 Pickled and Oiled (P&O) - Same as above except oiling added. Unless otherwise specified,
pickled sheets are oiled. Mill oils are added in the coiling operation. They provide a temporary protection
from surface rust during shipment and storage. An approved list of mill oils and drawing compounds is
maintained at each of the assembly plants. Mill oils supplied must be easily removable in the assembly
plant‟s wash and phosphate systems.
A.2.1.2.5 Chemically Treated (CT) – This is a chemical passivation treatment normally applied to
galvanized steel to avoid the formation of „wet-storage-stain‟ or white rust during shipment and storage.
In most cases, the passivation treatment is not compatible with subsequent surface treatments such as
phosphatizing and painting, so CT should generally not be specified for steel which will be painted.
A.2.1.3 CR Surface Condition - The following surfaces are available on Cold Rolled sheet steel:
A.2.1.3.1 Matte - This is the standard cold rolled sheet finish. It is a dull finish, without luster, produced
on rolls roughened by mechanical or chemical means, to provide a degree of surface texture which is
beneficial in retaining lubricants and is well suited for lacquer and paint adherence.
A.2.1.3.2 Commercial Bright - This is a relatively bright finish having a surface texture intermediate
between matte and luster. This surface finish is suitable for some decorative painting and plating
applications. If sheets are deformed in fabrication, affected areas may roughen to some degree.
A.2.1.3.3 Luster - This is a smooth, bright finish produced by rolling on ground rolls. The surface
texture is suitable for plating and other applications. If sheets are deformed appreciably, some coarsening
of affected areas may result.
A.2.1.4 Edge Condition
A.2.1.4.1 Hot rolled sheets in cut lengths or coils can be obtained with mill edge or cut edges. Mill
edges may contain defects such as cracks or thin edges. Cold rolled sheets in cut lengths and coils are
supplied with cut edges.
A.2.2. Strip
A.2.2.1 Strip Quality
A.2.2.1.1 Hot rolled strip is generally made from open-hearth, basic oxygen, or electric furnace steel
produced as continuous cast product, and aluminum killed. Cold rolled carbon steel strip is made from
hot rolled, de-scaled coils by reducing to the desired thickness in a rolling mill. An annealing step is
sometimes used at an intermediate thickness to facilitate further reduction or obtain the desired temper or
mechanical properties.

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NUMBER: TITLE: Low Carbon Steel, Flat Rolled and Structural Shapes CURRENT ISSUE DATE:
CEMS A-6, PART I, APPENDIX APRIL 2010
APPX
A.2.2.1.2 Cold rolled strip is commonly produced to any one of five tempers as shown in Table 2 in the
main portion of this specification. An anneal treatment and skin pass are typically used as the final steps in
producing temper numbers 4 and 5.
A.2.2.2. Strip HR Surface Condition - Hot Rolled strip is available in the following surface conditions:
as-rolled, pickled, and pickled and oiled. These conditions are fully described under hot rolled sheets.
A.2.2.3 Strip CR Surface Condition - Cold Rolled steel strip is available in the following conditions:
A.2.2.3.1 No. 1 (Dull Finish) - A finish without luster produced by rolling on rolls roughened by
mechanical or chemical areas. Suitable for lacquer and paint adhesion and beneficial in drawing
operations by reducing contact friction between die and strip.
A.2.2.3.2 No. 2 (Regular Bright Finish) - Produced by rolling on rolls having a moderately smooth
finish. Suitable for any requirements but not generally applicable to plating.
A.2.2.3.3 No. 3 (Best Bright Finish) - A high luster finished produced by selective rolling practices,
including the use of specially prepared rolls. This finish is particularly suited for electroplating.
A.2.2.4. HR Edge Condition - Hot Rolled strip is produced with the following edges:
A.2.2.4.1 Mill Edge - The normal edge produced in hot rolling. It is generally round and smooth without
any definite contour.
A.2.2.4.2 Square Edge - Produced by edge rolls during the hot rolling process. The edges are square
and smooth with the corners slightly rounded.
A.2.2.4.3 Slit or Cut Edge - Produced by shearing, slitting or trimming of mill edges. This edge is
desirable for machine welding and for feeding into machines having limited guide clearance.
A.2.2.4.4. When a definite type of edge is not specified, mill or slit edges are furnished.
A.2.2.5 CR Edge Condition – Cold Rolled strip is produced to the following six types of edges:
A.2.2.5.1 No. 1 Edge - A prepared edge of a specified contour (round, square or beveled) which is
produced when a very accurate width is required, or when the finish of the edge suitable for
electroplating is required, or both.
A.2.2.5.2 No. 2 Edge - A natural mill edge carried through the cold rolling from the hot rolled strip
without additional processing of the edge.
A.2.2.5.3 No. 3 Edge - An approximately square edge produced by slitting on which the burr is not
eliminated.
A.2.2.5.4 No. 4 Edge - A rounded edge produced by edge rolling either the natural edge of hot rolled
strip or slit edge strip. This edge is produced when an approximately round edge is desired and when the
finish of the edge is not important.
A.2.2.5.5 No. 5 Edge - An approximately squared edge produced from slit edge material on which the
burr is eliminated by rolling or filing.
A.2.2.5.6 No. 6 Edge - A square edge produced by edge rolling the natural edge of hot rolled strip or slit
edge strip when the width tolerance and finish required are not so exacting as No. 1 edge.
A.2.2.5.7 Unless otherwise specified, cold rolled strip will be furnished with a No. 3 Edge.

A.2.3 Flat Bar

A.2.3.1 Flat Bar Qualities
A.2.3.1.1 Merchant Quality - Bars made to this quality are usually produced to semikilled practice;
however, there are no restrictions on deoxidation practice. Bars of this quality normally contain seams
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NUMBER: TITLE: Low Carbon Steel, Flat Rolled and Structural Shapes CURRENT ISSUE DATE:
CEMS A-6, PART I, APPENDIX APRIL 2010
APPX
and surface defects but are suitable for noncritical applications involving mild cold bending, mild hot
forming, punching, and welding. This quality is not generally used for applications involving forging,
heat treating, or critical welds.
A.2.3.1.2 Special Quality - Bars made to this quality are killed or semikilled and are manufactured in
such a manner as to minimize injurious internal defects and surface imperfections. Bars of this quality are
suitable for applications involving cold bending, hot forging, heat treating, cold drawing, turning and
other special processes. Further restrictive requirements made be applied to special quality bars for
particular end uses. These include macro-etch test limits for soundness, fracture testing, nonmetallic
inclusion limitations and restrictive chemical requirements. In addition, steels carefully controlled for
special applications are available. These include bars for axle shafts, cold punched nuts, files, cold
extrusions, and cold heading.
A.2.3.2 HR Flat Bar Surface Condition
Hot Rolled flat bars in the as-rolled condition have a surface similar to hot rolled sheet with mill oxide
and scale present. Various treatments are available to remove this oxide scale and improve the surface
condition. These include: pickling or blast cleaning (dry), pickle and oil or pickle and lime, pickle and
phosphate coat or pickle, phosphate coat and lube.
A.2.3.3 CR Flat Bar Surface Condition
Cold Rolled flat bars are available only in the as-rolled condition. Surfaces are smooth and clean with
adherent oxide.
A.2.4 Bar Shapes and Structural Shapes
Bar Shapes include such shapes as channels, angles, tees and zees where the largest sectional dimension is
less than 3 inches (76.2 mm). Structural shapes are those where the greatest sectional dimension is 3
inches (76.2 mm) or larger. Structural shapes are normally supplied to one quality grade known as
“structural” quality. Bar shapes, however, fall in the bar classification and bar qualities (merchant or
special) are applicable.
A.2.5 Plate
A.2.5.1 Plate Qualities
A.2.5.1.1 Regular Quality- The quality normally furnished unless otherwise specified. Plates of this
quality do not have the degree of chemical uniformity, internal soundness or freedom from surface
imperfections that are associated with higher qualities. Regular quality is analogous to merchant quality
for bars. As such they are suitable for similar applications such as those involving mild cold bending, mild
hot forming, punching and welding for noncritical parts.
A.2.5.1.2 Structural - Intended for applications in structures, such as bridges, buildings, and
transportation equipment.
A.2.5.1.3 Cold Drawing - Intended for plates to be cold drawn through closed dies to obtain product
having a high degree of surface finish. This application requires a higher degree of surface quality than is
normal for regular quality plate.
A.2.5.1.4 Cold Pressing - Intended for cold working operations such as bending, forming, and pressing
at room temperature.
A.2.5.1.5 Cold Flanging - Plates produced to this quality generally have higher strengths than cold
pressing quality plates to provide for greater design stresses with moderate angle bending.
A.2.5.1.6 Forging - Intended for forging, heat treating, or similar purposes in which uniformity of
composition and freedom from injurious defects are essential.
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NUMBER: TITLE: Low Carbon Steel, Flat Rolled and Structural Shapes CURRENT ISSUE DATE:
CEMS A-6, PART I, APPENDIX APRIL 2010
APPX
A.2.5.1.7 Pressure Vessel - Intended for applications in pressure vessels. Plates of this quality may be
supplied to ultrasonic testing requirements.
A.2.5.2 Plate Surface Condition
Plates may be de-scaled by blast cleaning or pickling where required.
A.2.5.3 Plate Edge Condition
A.2.5.3.1 Mill Edge - The normal edge produced by hot rolling between horizontal finishing rolls. Does
not conform to any definite contour.
A.2.5.3.2 Universal Mill Edge - The edge produced by hot rolling between horizontal and vertical
finishing rolls or when rolled in grooved rolls. These plates are sometimes designated as “U.M. plates.”
A.2.5.3.3 Sheared Edge - Produced by shearing.
A.2.5.3.4 Cut Edge - Produced by flame cutting. This practice is used when plate sizes exceed maximum
shearing thicknesses.
A.3 MECHANICAL PROPERTIES
A3.1 Tensile Properties
Minimum tensile strengths and elongation for the corresponding Grades 1-5 in this specification are
shown in Table A-I (refer to Table 1 in CEMS A-6 Part I for minimum yield strength requirements.)
Typical tensile properties for Grade 1C cold rolled sheet/strip corresponding to a given temper are shown
in Table A-II. Tensile property requirements for Grade 6 structural steels are shown in the main body of
the specification. .
TABLE A-I. MINIMUM TENSILE PROPERTIES FOR STEEL GRADES 1-5
Minimum Expected Minimum Expected
Grade Tensile Strength Elongation in 2 Inches
ksi MPa (50.8 mm)
1 43 000 296 28% 19%
2 48 000 331 26% -
3 53 000 365 24% 15%
4B 58 000 400 20% -
5 58 000 400 25% -

TABLE A-II. TYPICAL TENSILE PROPERTIES

Grade 1C - Cold Rolled Sheet and Strip
Temper Tensile Strength % Elongation in
Number ksi MPa 2 Inches (50.8 mm)
No. 1 (hard) 90 620 *
No. 2 (half-hard) 65 450 10
No. 3 (quarter
55 380 20
hard)
No. 4 (skin-
48 330 32
rolled)
No. 5 (dead soft) 44 300 39
*This temper is very stiff, intended for flat blanking only, and not requiring
ability to withstand cold forming.

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NUMBER: TITLE: Low Carbon Steel, Flat Rolled and Structural Shapes CURRENT ISSUE DATE:
CEMS A-6, PART I, APPENDIX APRIL 2010
APPX
A.3.2 Cold Bends
The recommended minimum bending radii for Grades 1, 2, and 3 are shown in Table A-III. Minimum
bend radii for Grade 1C, cold rolled strip, are shown in Table A-IV. It is recommended that strip
thicknesses over 1/2 inch (12.7 mm) be hot formed. The suggested minimum bend radii for Grade 6
structural steel (SS) are shown in Table A-V, in Table A-VI for HSLA steel grades, and in Table A-VII
for Type R grades (refer to SAE J2340 for bend radii for other types of Grade 6 materials).

TABLE A-III. RECOMMENDED MINIMUM BEND RADII FOR STEEL GRADES 1-3

Minimum Bend Radii in Terms of Thickness (T)

thru 0.25 inches over 0.25 inches (6.4 mm)
(6.4 mm) thru 1.5 inches (38.1 mm)
Grade
across parallel to across parallel to
grain flow grain flow grain flow grain flow
1* 0.25T 0.5T 0.5T 1T
2 1T 1.5T 1T 1.5T
3 1.5T 3T 1.5T 3T
*Drawing steel (DS) sheet can be bent flat upon itself in any direction.

TABLE A-IV. GRADE 1C* COLD ROLLED STRIP

RECOMMENDED MINIMUM BEND RADII
Minimum Bend Radii
Temper in Terms of Thickness (T)
Number across parallel to
grain flow grain flow
No. 1 (hard) 1T 5T
No. 2 (half hard) 1T 3T
No. 3 (quarter
hard)
0.5T 1T
No. 4 (skin
rolled)
0.1T 0.25T
No. 5 (dead soft) ** **
* Available thru 0.250 inch (7.35 mm) thickness only.
** Can be bent flat upon itself in any direction.

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NUMBER: TITLE: Low Carbon Steel, Flat Rolled and Structural Shapes CURRENT ISSUE DATE:
CEMS A-6, PART I, APPENDIX APRIL 2010
APPX
TABLE A-V. RECOMMENDED MINIMUM BEND RADII FOR GRADE 6,
STRUCTURAL STEEL (SS) SHEET

Minimum Bend Radii

Grade 6,
in Terms of Thickness (T)
Type __
Hot Rolled Cold Rolled
205SS (30SS) 1T
230SS (33SS) 1T 1.5T
255SS (37SS) 2T
275SS (40SS) 2T
340SS (50SS) 2.5T

TABLE A-VI. MINIMUM BEND RADII FOR GRADE 6, HSLA SHEET

(UP TO 0.230 IN. THK)
(SEE ALSO CEMS A-43 APPENDIX FOR HSLA GRADES ≥0.25 in. THICK)

Grade 6,
Type __

275X (40X) 2T
275XF (40XF) 1.5T
310Y (45Y) 1.5T
310X (45X) 1.5T
340Y (50Y) 2T
340X (50X) 1.5T
340XF (50XF) 1T
450Y (65Y) 3T
450X (65X) 2.5T
480Y (70Y) 3.5T
480X (70X) 3T
480XF (70XF) 2T
550X (80X)
2T
550XF ( 80XF)
UHSS Types:

620X (90X) 2.5T

690XF (100XF) 1.6-2.5T

1.6T (T≤0.24 in.)
760XF (110XF)
1.8T (T>0.24 in.)

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NUMBER: TITLE: Low Carbon Steel, Flat Rolled and Structural Shapes CURRENT ISSUE DATE:
CEMS A-6, PART I, APPENDIX APRIL 2010
APPX
TABLE A-VII - TYPICAL BEND RADII FOR GRADE 6, HIGH STRENGTH RECOVERY
ANNEALED COLD ROLLED SHEET STEEL (Type R)
Typical Inside Radii for Cold Bending in Terms of Thickness (T)
International
Grade 6, Hot Rolled Cold Rolled
Type __

490R N.A. 3T

550R N.A. 3T

700R N.A. 4T

830R N.A. 6T

A.4 WELDABILITY
The Grade 1, 1C, 2, and 3 products have been used for many years. These lower carbon, lower strength
sheet steel products are readily welded using spot welding techniques, Gas Metal Arc Welding (GMAW)
techniques, seam welding and laser welding techniques. Spot weldability requirements are generally based
upon robustness and durability. The sheet steel product selected for use, and its associated coating or
coatings, must meet all applicable quality and performance requirements described in TMS-9516 for spot
welded assemblies.
A.4.1 Grade 6. The Grade 6 Structural steel sheet products exhibit much higher strengths, and welding
of these products may require inclusion of several factors not normally considered in welding the lower
strength sheet products. In addition to consideration for weld location access, heat input, production
rates and current ranges, the high strength Grade 6 products generally require some additional mechanical
performance testing. Selection of the sheet steel product in combination with the welding process, spot,
arc, or high frequency welding, can provide a successful weld procedure for the high strength Grade 6
products.
A.5 PREFERRED SIZES
Whenever possible, the design engineer should select one of the preferred standard thicknesses. The use
of preferred sizes contributes to minimizing the plant‟s raw material inventory, provides for a more
efficient material purchasing program, and reduces the overall costs of material handling and storage.
A.5.1 Plate-Inch - Preferred Sizes and Tolerances
Preferred sizes and tolerances for plate products ordered to inch sizes are shown in Table 8 in the main
body of the specification. .
A.5.2 Plate-Metric - Preferred Sizes and Tolerances
Preferred sizes and tolerances for plate products ordered to metric sizes are shown in Table 9 in the main
body of the specification. Please note that the inch and metric tolerances are not the same and should not
be used interchangeably. .
A.5.3 Sheet Steel - Inch - Preferred Sizes and Tolerances
Preferred sizes and tolerances for sheet products, hot rolled, cold rolled, coated and uncoated, ordered to
inch or to SOFT metric conversion, are shown in Table 11 in the main body of the specification. Please
note that the inch and metric tolerances are not the same and should not be used interchangeably.

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NUMBER: TITLE: Low Carbon Steel, Flat Rolled and Structural Shapes CURRENT ISSUE DATE:
CEMS A-6, PART I, APPENDIX APRIL 2010
APPX
A.5.4 Sheet Steel - Metric - Preferred Sizes and Tolerances
Preferred sizes and tolerances for sheet products, hot rolled, cold rolled, coated and uncoated, ordered to
metric sizes, are shown in Table 12 in the main body of the specification. Please note that the inch and
metric tolerances are not the same and should not be used interchangeably.
A.5.5 Preferred Sizes for Carbon Steel Products
Preferred Sizes for Carbon Steel Products are shown in the following tables .
TABLE A-IX - PREFERRED SIZES
Carbon Steel Flat Bars
Thickness Thickness
inches mm inches mm
3/16 4.8 1-1/4 32
1/4 6.4 1-3/8 35
5/16 7.9 1-1/2 38
3/8 9.5 1-5/8 41
7/16 11.0 1-3/4 44
1/2 13.0 1-7/8 48
9/16 14.0 2 51
5/8 16.0 2-1/4 57
3/4 19 2-1/2 64
7/8 22 2-3/4 70
1 25 3 76
1-1/8 29

TABLE A-X - PREFERRED SIZES

Carbon Steel Channels - Bar Size
Size Weight
inches mm lb/ft kg/m
1-1/2 x 1/2 x 1/8 38 x 13 x 3 1.12 1.67
1-1/2 x 9/16 x 3/16 38 x 14 x 5 1.44 2.14
1-1/2 x 3/4 x 1/8 38 x 19 x 3 1.17 1.74
2 x 1/2 x 1/8 51 x 13 x 3 1.43 2.13
2 x 9/16 x 3/16 51 x 14 x 5 1.86 2.77
2 x 5/8 x 1/4 51 x 16 x 6 2.28 3.39
2 x 1 x 1/8 51 x 25 x 3 1.59 2.37
2 x 1 x 3/16 51 x 25 x 5 2.32 3.45
2-1/2 x 5/8 x 3/16 64 x 16 x 5 2.27 3.38

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APRIL 2010 Page 11 of 15

NUMBER: TITLE: Low Carbon Steel, Flat Rolled and Structural Shapes CURRENT ISSUE DATE:
CEMS A-6, PART I, APPENDIX APRIL 2010
APPX
TABLE A-XI - PREFERRED SIZES
Carbon Steel Structural Angles
Size Thickness, Inches (mm)
3/16 ¼ 5/16 3/8 7/16 ½ 9/16 5/8 ¾ 7/8 1
Inches (mm) (4.8) (6.4) (7.9) (9.5) (11) (13) (14) (16) (19) (22) (25)
8x8 (203 x 203) X X X X X
8x6 (203 x 152) X X X
8x4 (203 x 102) X
7x4 (178 x 102) X X X
6x6 (152 x 152) X X X X X X
6x4 (152 x 102) X X X
6 x 3-1/2 (152 x 89) X X
5x5 (127 x 127) X X X X
5 x 3-1/2 (127 x 189) X X X X
5x3 (127 x 76) X X X X
4x4 (102 x 102) X X X X X X
4 x 3-1/2 (102 x 89) X X X X
4x3 (102 x 76) X X X X
3-1/2 x 3 –1/2 (89 x 89) X X X
3-1/2 x 3 (89 x 76) X X X
3 –1/2 x 2-1/2 (89 x 64) X X X
3x3 (76 x 76) X X X X X
3 x 2-1/2 (76 x 64) X X X
3x2 (76 x 51) X X X

TABLE A-XII - PREFERRED SIZES

Carbon Steel Angles - Bar Size
Size Thickness, Inches (mm)
1/8 3/16 1/4 5/16 3/8 1/2
Inches (mm) (3.2) (4.8) (6.4) (7.9) (9.5) (13)
2 –1/2 x 2-1/2 (64 x 64) X X X X X
2 –1/2 x 2 (64 x 51) X X X X
2 – 1/2 x 1-1/2 (64 x 38) X X X
2x2 (51 x 51) X X X X X
2 x 1-1/2 (51 x 38) X X X
1-3/4 x 1-3/4 (44 x 44) X X X
1-3/4 x 1/1/4 (44 x 32) X X X
1-1/2 x 1/1/2 (38 x 38) X X X
1-3/8 x 7/8 (35 x 33) X X
1-1/4 x 1-1/4 (32 x 32) X X X
1 x1 (25 x 25) X X

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APRIL 2010 Page 12 of 15

NUMBER: TITLE: Low Carbon Steel, Flat Rolled and Structural Shapes CURRENT ISSUE DATE:
CEMS A-6, PART I, APPENDIX APRIL 2010
APPX
TABLE A-XIII - PREFERRED SIZES
Carbon Steel Channels - Structural
Designation Depth of Thickness Width of
Channel, of Web, Flange,
depth x lb/ft Kg/m inches (mm) inches (mm) inches (mm)
C 3 x 4.1 6.1 0.170 (4.32) 1.410 (35.81)
3 (76.2)
C 3 x 5.0 7.4 0.258 (6.55) 1.498 (38.05)

C 4 x 5.4 8.0 0.184 (4.67) 1.584 (40.23)

4 (102)
C 4 x 7.25 10.8 0.321 (8.15) 1.721 (69.24)

C 5 x 6.7 10.0 0.190 (4.83) 1.885 (47.88)

C 5 x 9.0 13.4 0.325 (8.26)
5 (127)
C 6 x 8.2 12.2 0.200 (5.08) 1.920 (48.77)
C 6 x 10.5 15.6 0.314 (7.98) 2.034 (51.66)
6 (152)
C 6 x 13.0 19.3 0.437 (11.10) 2.157 (54.79)

C 7 x 9.8 14.6 0.210 (5.33) 2.090 (53.09)

C 7 x 12.25 18.2 7 (178) 0.314 (7.98) 2.194 (55.73)

C 8 x 11.5 17.1 0.220 (5.59) 2.260 (57.40)

C 8 x 13.75 20.5 0.303 (7.70) 2.343 (59.51)
8 (203)
C 8 x 18.75 27.9 0.487 (12.37) 2.527 (64.19)

C 9 x 13.4 19.9 0.233 (5.92) 2.433 (61.80)

9 (229)
C 9 x 15.0 22.3 0.285 (7.24) 2.485 (63.12)

C 10 x 15.3 22.8 0.240 (6.10) 2.600 (66.04)

C 10 x 20.0 29.8 0.379 (9.63) 2.739 (69.57)
C 10 x 25.0 37.2 0.526 (13.36) 2.886 (73.30)
C 10 x 30.0 44.6 10 (254) 0.673 (17.09) 3.033 (77.04)

C 12 x 20.7 30.8 0.282 (7.16) 2.942 (74.73)

C12 x 25.0 37.2 12 (305) 0.387 (9.83) 3.047 (77.39)
C12 x 30.0 44.6 0.510 (12.95) 3.170 (80.52)

C15 x 33.9 50.4 0.400 (10.16) 3.400 (86.36)

C15 x 40.0 59.5 15 (381) 0.520 (13.21) 3.520 (89.41)
C15 x 50.0 74.4 0.716 (18.19) 3.716 (94.39)

A.6 PRODUCT CLASSIFICATION

The product classification given in Tables A-XIV and A-XV is provided to aid manufacturing in product
selection.

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APRIL 2010 Page 13 of 15

NUMBER: TITLE: Low Carbon Steel, Flat Rolled and Structural Shapes CURRENT ISSUE DATE:
CEMS A-6, PART I, APPENDIX APRIL 2010
APPX

TABLE A-XIV - FLAT HOT ROLLED CARBON STEEL

Product Classification by Size
Width in Inches (mm)
Thickness over 3.5
to 3.5 over 6 (152.4) over 8 (203.2) over 12 (304.8)
in Inches (88.9) over 48
(88.9) to 8 (203.2), to 12 (304.8), to 48 (1219),
(mm) to 6 (152.4), (1219)
incl incl incl incl
incl
0.2300 (5.842)
BAR BAR BAR PLATE PLATE PLATE
and thicker

0.2299 (5.841) to
BAR BAR STRIP STRIP SHEET PLATE
0.2031 (5.157)

0.2030 (5.156) to
STRIP STRIP STRIP STRIP SHEET PLATE
0.1800 (4.572)

0.1799 (4.571) to
STRIP STRIP STRIP STRIP SHEET SHEET
0.0449 (1.141)

0.0448 (1.140) to
STRIP STRIP
0.0344 (0.873)

0.0343 (0.872) to
STRIP
0.0255 (0.648)

TABLE A-XV - FLAT COLD ROLLED CARBON STEEL

Product Classification by Size
Width in Inches (mm)
Thickness
to 12 over 12 (304.8) over
in Inches
(304.8), to 23.94 (608), 23.94
(mm)
incl incl (608)
0.2500 (6.350)
BAR SHEET * SHEET
and thicker

0.2499 (6.349) to
STRIP ** SHEET * SHEET
0.0142 (0.360)

0.0141 (0.359)
STRIP SHEET * SHEET
and thinner
* Classified as strip when a special edge or special finish (other than matte or luster) is specified, or
when single strand rolling is specified in widths under 24 inches (610mm).
** Classified as sheet when made from cold rolled sheet coils and cut lengths, slit from wider coils
with cut edge (only) and in thicknesses 0.0142 inch (0.360 mm) to 0.0821 inches (2.085 mm) and
carbon is 0.20 percent, maximum by ladle analysis.

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APRIL 2010 Page 14 of 15

NUMBER: TITLE: Low Carbon Steel, Flat Rolled and Structural Shapes CURRENT ISSUE DATE:
CEMS A-6, PART I, APPENDIX APRIL 2010
APPX

A.7 TOLERANCES
Tolerances for the steel products covered in this specification are described in the general ASTM specification for
each product. These include ASTM A6/A6M, ASTM A29/A29M, and ASTM A635/A635M. For other controlling
ASTM specifications for sheet products, see the main body of the specification.

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APRIL 2010 Page 15 of 15