INTERNATIONAL TRUCK AND ENGINE CORPORATION

CEMS NUMBER:

(CORPORATE ENGINEERING MATERIAL SPECIFICATION) CEMS-A-9

TITLE: CURRENT ISSUE DATE:
Steel Spring Wire December 2002
WRITTEN/REVIEWED BY: APPROVED BY: SUPERSEDES ISSUE OF:
Materials Engineering Materials Engineering October 2001

PRINTED COPIES OF THIS DOCUMENT MUST BE VERIFIED FOR CURRENT REVISION

This specification may involve hazardous materials, equipment, and procedures. This specification does not purport to address all of
the safety issues associated with its use. The user is responsible to consult appropriate safety and health practices and to determine
the applicability of regulatory limits prior to use.
Change Notice: Revised Metallurgical Properties and made editorial changes

1.0 SCOPE
This specification covers the Company’s requirements for steel wire used for the manufacturing of springs.
General requirements for springs are shown in Engineering Standard 146.

2.0 INTRODUCTION
Springs are used in a great variety of applications as return springs, balancing springs, compression springs, valve
springs, etc. They are generally loaded in torsion; Strength, fatigue life, and surface quality are controlling design
features.

3.0 CONTENTS
PAGE
CHEMICAL COMPOSITION…………………………………………………………... 2
MECHANICAL PROPERTIES ………………………………………….……………... 3
METALLURGICAL PROPERTIES …………………………………………………… 15
DIMENSIONAL TOLERANCES ……………………………………….……………... 17
QUALITY ………………………………………………………………………………. 19
METHODS OF TEST …………………………………….……………………………. 19
DESIGNATION ON DRAWINGS AND PURCHASE ORDERS……………………... 20
PACKAGING AND SHIPPING ………………………………………………………... 20
APPENDIX – GENERAL INFORMATION …………………………………………... (Green Sheets)

4.0 REFERENCE DOCUMENTS

Unless otherwise specified, the latest issue of all referenced standards shall apply. The following standards,
specifications and regulations are referenced in this specification.
Quality System Standard QS-9000 (ISO 9001) ASTM A 227 ASTM A 232
INTERNATIONAL IQR Quality Standard ASTM A 228 ASTM A 313
INTERNATIONAL Manufacturing Standard D-13 ASTM A 229 ASTM A 370
INTERNATIONAL CEMS AT-2 ASTM A 230 ASTM A 877
CFR Title 29, Part 1910 ASTM A 231
INTERNATIONAL Engineering Standard 146

5.0 CLASSIFICATION
Steel spring wire is classified by material composition and strength properties.

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DECEMBER 2002 Page 1 of 20

NUMBER: TITLE: CURRENT ISSUE DATE:
CEMS A-9 Steel Spring Wire December 2002

6.0 GENERAL REQUIREMENTS

6.1 Chemical Composition
Spring wire purchased to this specification will conform to the ladle chemical composition shown in Table I for
the type specified.

TABLE I – CHEMICAL COMPOSITION

Interna Chemical Composition, percent (max except where shown as range)
Approx
tional Description Phos-
ASTM Carbon Manganese Sulfur Silicon Chromium Others
Type phorus
A 227 High Tensile Cold 0.10-
1 0.45-0.85* 0.60-1.30* 0.04 0.05 -- --
Class II Drawn Carbon Steel 0.30
Extra High Tensile
0.10-
1H -- Cold 0.70-1.00** 0.20-1.30** 0.04 0.04 -- --
0.30
Drawn Carbon Steel
A 227 Cold Drawn 0.10-
2 0.45-0.85* 0.60-1.30* 0.04 0.05 -- --
Class I Carbon Steel 0.30
A 229 Oil Tempered 0.10-
3 0.55-0.85 0.60-1.20 0.04 0.05 -- --
Class I Carbon Steel 0.30
High Tensile Oil
A 229 0.10-
3H Tempered Carbon 0.55-0.85 0.60-1.20 0.04 0.05 -- --
Class II 0.30
Steel
Square Wire, 0.12-
3S -- 0.55-0.75 0.60-1.20 0.04 0.05 -- --
Oil Tempered 0.30
Carbon Steel,
0.12-
4 A 230 Oil Tempered, 0.65-0.75 .065-0.90 0.03 0.03 -- --
0.35
Valve Spring Quality
Cold Drawn Carbon
0.12-
5 -- Steel, 0.65-0.75 0.60-0.90 0.03 0.03 -- --
0.30
Valve Spring Quality
0.12-
6 A 228 Music Wire .070-1.00 0.20-0.60 0.03 0.03 -- --
0.30
Chromium Vanadium,
0.20- Vanadium
7 A 231 Oil Tempered, 0.45-0.55 0.60-0.90 0.03 0.03 0.80-1.10
0.35 0.15-0.25
Regular Quality
8 A 232 Chromium Vanadium, 0.80-1.10 Vanadium
0.20-
Oil Tempered, 0.45-0.55 0.60-0.90 0.03 0.03
8Aψ -- 0.35 0.40-0.60 0.15-0.25
Valve Spring Quality
Chromium Silicon, 1.20-
9 A 877 0.51-0.59 0.50-0.80 0.025 0.025 0.60-0.80 --
Valve Spring Quality 1.60
Nickel
Stainless, UNS
12 A 313 0.15 2.00 0.04 0.03 1.00 17.00-19.00 8.00-
S30200
10.00
Stainless, UNS Nickel
13 A 313 S30400, 0.08 2.00 0.04 0.03 1.00 18.00-20.00 8.00-
Regular Quality 12.00
Stainless, UNS Nickel
14 -- S30400 0.08 2.00 0.04 0.03 1.00 18.00-20.00 8.00-
Valve Spring Quality 12.00
Nickel
17-7 PH,
6.50-7.75
Precipitation
15 -- 0.09 1.00 0.04 0.03 1.00 16.00-18.00 Aluminu
Hardening
m
Stainless
0.75-1.50
* Carbon and manganese in any one lot will not vary more than 0.13 and 0.30%, respectively
** Carbon and manganese in any one lot will not vary more than 0.20 and 0.30%, respectively.
ψ Type 8A is a modification of Type 8.

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Corporate Technical Standards. Suppliers are required to assume all patent liability. 2002 by International Truck and Engine Corporation.

DECEMBER 2002 Page 2 of 20

NUMBER: TITLE: CURRENT ISSUE DATE:
CEMS A-9 Steel Spring Wire December 2002

6.2 Mechanical Properties

Wire purchased to this specification will conform to the mechanical property requirements shown herein for the
type specified. See “Methods of Test,” page 19.
6.2.1 Tensile Strength
Requirements for the tensile properties are shown in Tables II thru IX. Metric equivalents are shown in Tables
IIA and IXA. Approximate values shown for theoretical torsion elastic limits are for design information only, and
are not part of the specification requirements.
TABLE II
TENSILE PROPERTIES – COLD DRAWN CARBON STEEL SPRING WIRE
Type 1 Type IH Type 2*
Wire Size high tensile extra high tensile
cold drawn carbon steel
cold drawn carbon steel cold drawn carbon steel
Tensile Tensile Torsional** Tensile
Torsional** Torsional**
Strength Strength Elastic Limit, Strength
Elastic Limit, Elastic Limit,
Steel Dia- Thousands, Thousands, Thousands, Thousands,
Thousands, Thousands,
Wire meter, psi psi psi psi
psi psi
Gage Inch (Not a
(Not a (Not a
min max Requirement) min max Requirement) min max Requirement)

25 0.0204 324 364 178 350 387 192 283 323 142
24 0.0230 320 360 176 346 381 190 279 319 140
23 0.0258 316 356 174 337 373 185 275 315 138
22 0.0286 312 352 172 332 367 193 271 311 136
21 0.0317 307 347 169 327 361 180 266 306 133
20 0.0348 302 342 166 325 359 179 261 301 130
19 0.0410 294 332 162 314 348 173 255 293 128
18 0.0475 287 325 158 306 339 168 248 286 124
17 0.0540 280 316 154 301 332 166 243 279 122
16 0.0625 273 308 150 295 325 162 237 272 118
15 0.0720 267 301 147 287 317 158 232 266 116
14 0.0800 262 296 144 282 312 155 227 261 114
13 0.0915 254 287 137 276 305 149 220 253 110
12 0.1055 249 281 134 269 297 145 216 248 108
11 0.1205 242 273 131 263 291 142 210 241 105
10 0.1350 238 269 129 258 285 139 206 237 103
9 0.1483 235 266 127 253 280 137 203 234 102
8 0.1620 231 261 125 249 275 134 200 230 100
7 0.1770 226 256 120 245 270 130 195 225 98
6 0.1920 222 251 118 241 267 128 192 221 96
5 0.2070 219 247 116 238 264 126 190 218 95
4 0.2253 215 243 114 235 260 125 186 214 93
3 0.2437 213 241 113 232 257 123 183 211 92
1/4 0.2500 211 239 112 230 255 122 182 210 91
2 0.2625 211 238 112 227 252 120 180 208 90
1 0.2830 209 236 111 224 249 119 178 204 89
1/0 0.3065 206 233 109 220 245 117 175 201 88
5/16 0.3125 201 227 107 217 242 115 174 200 87
11/32 0.3438 197 223 104 213 238 113 170 196 85
3/8 0.3750 194 220 103 210 235 111 167 193 84
13/32 0.4063 192 217 102 208 233 110 166 191 83
7/16 0.4375 191 216 101 206 231 109 165 190 82
1/2 0.5000 181 205 96 195 220 103 156 180 78
17/32 0.5312 178 202 94 190 210 101 154 178 77

* Type 2- Sizes below 0.0204 inch; tensile properties are subject to agreement.
** Average values.

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DECEMBER 2002 Page 3 of 20

NUMBER: TITLE: CURRENT ISSUE DATE:
CEMS A-9 Steel Spring Wire December 2002

6.2.1 Tensile Strength (Continued)

TABLE III
TENSILE PROPERTIES – OIL TEMPERED CARBON STEEL SPRING WIRE
Type 3* Type 3H
Wire Size Oil Tempered High Tensile
Carbon Steel Oil Tempered Carbon Steel
Tensile Tensile Torsional**
Torsional**
Strength Strength Elastic Limit,
Elastic Limit,
Steel Dia- Thousands, Thousands, Thousands,
Thousands,
Wire meter, psi psi psi
psi
Gage Inch (Not a
(Not a
min max min max Requirement)
Requirement)

25 0.0204 293 323 178 324 354 198

24 0.0230 289 319 176 320 350 195
23 0.0258 286 316 174 317 347 193
22 0.0286 283 313 173 314 344 192
21 0.0317 280 310 171 311 341 190

20 0.0348 274 304 167 305 335 186

19 0.0410 266 296 165 297 327 184
18 0.0475 259 289 161 290 320 180
17 0.0540 253 283 157 284 314 176
16 0.0625 247 277 153 278 308 172

15 0.0720 241 271 149 272 302 169

14 0.0800 235 265 146 266 296 165
13 0.0915 230 260 143 261 291 162
12 0.1055 225 255 140 256 286 159
11 0.1205 220 250 136 251 281 156

10 0.1350 215 240 133 241 266 149

9 0.1483 210 235 130 236 261 146
8 0.1620 205 230 127 231 256 143
7 0.1770 200 225 124 226 251 140
6 0.1920 195 220 123 221 246 139

5 0.2070 190 215 120 216 241 136

4 0.2253 188 213 118 214 239 135
3 0.2437 187 212 118 213 238 134
1/4 0.2500 185 210 117 211 236 133
2 0.2625 185 210 117 211 236 133

1 0.2830 184 209 116 210 235 132

1/0 0.3065 183 208 112 209 234 128
5/16 0.3125 183 208 110 209 234 125
11/32 0.3438 181 206 109 207 232 124
3/8 0.3750 180 205 108 206 231 122

13/32 0.4063 177 202 106 203 228 122

7/16 0.4375 175 200 105 201 226 121
1/2 0.5000 170 195 102 196 221 118
17/32 0.5312 167 192 100 193 218 116

* Type 3 – Sizes below 0.0204 inch; tensile properties are subject to agreement.
** Average values.
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DECEMBER 2002 Page 4 of 20

NUMBER: TITLE: CURRENT ISSUE DATE:
CEMS A-9 Steel Spring Wire December 2002

6.2.1 Tensile Strength (Continued)

TABLE IV
TENSILE PROPERTIES – OIL TEMPERED CARBON STEEL SQUARE SPRING WIRE

Type 3S

Wire Square Wire, Oil Tempered Wire Square Wire, Oil Tempered
Size Tensile Torsional Elastic Size Tensile Torsional
Strength Limit, * Strength Elastic Limit, *
Thousands, Thousands, Thousands, Thousands,
Width, psi psi Width, psi psi
inch (Not a inch (Not a
min max min max
Requirement) Requirement)
0.050 253 283 162 0.162 200 225 128
0.054 247 277 158 0.177 195 220 125
0.062 241 271 154 0.192 190 215 122
0.072 235 265 150 0.207 188 213 120
0.080 230 260 147 0.225 185 210 118
0.091 225 255 144 0.250 183 208 117
0.105 220 250 141 0.312 180 205 115
0.120 215 240 138 0.375 175 200 112
0.135 210 235 134 0.437 170 195 109
0.148 205 230 131 0.500 165 190 105
* Average values
TABLE V
TENSILE PROPERTIES – CARBON STEEL SPRING WIRE, VALVE SPRING QUALITY
Type 4* Type 5*
Wire Size Carbon Steel, Oil Tempered, Cold Drawn Carbon Steel,
Valve Spring Quality Valve Spring Quality
Tensile Tensile Torsional**
Torsional**
Strength Strength Elastic Limit,
Elastic Limit,
Steel Dia- Thousands, Thousands, Thousands,
Thousands,
Wire meter, psi psi psi
psi
Gage Inch (Not a
(Not a
min max min max Requirement)
Requirement)
13 0.0915 235 260 132
12 0.1055 235 255 152 235 260 132
11 0.1205 235 260 132

10 0.1350 225 250 126

9 0.1483 230 250 148 225 250 126
8 0.1620 225 250 126

7 0.1770 215 240 122

225 245 145
6 0.1920 215 240 122

5 0.2070
220 240 142 -- -- --
4 0.2253
3 0.2437
215 235 138 -- -- --
2 0.2625
* Minimum reduction of area will be 40%
** Average values

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DECEMBER 2002 Page 5 of 20

NUMBER: TITLE: CURRENT ISSUE DATE:
CEMS A-9 Steel Spring Wire December 2002

6.2.1 Tensile Strength (Continued)

TABLE VI
TENSILE PROPERTIES – MUSIC SPRING WIRE
Type 6
Tensile Torsional* Tensile Torsional*
Wire Size Wire Size
Strength Elastic Limit, Strength Elastic Limit,
Thousands, Thousands, Thousands, Thousands,
Steel Dia- psi psi Steel Dia- psi psi
Wire meter, Wire meter, (Not a
(Not a
Gage Inch min max Gage Inch min max Requirement)
Requirement)

6/0 0.004 439 485 191 23 0.051 303 335 173

5/0 0.005 426 471 191 24 0.055 300 331 171
4/0 0.006 415 559 191 25 0.059 296 327 169
3/0 0.007 407 449 191 26 0.063 293 324 167
2/0 0.008 399 441 190 27 0.067 290 321 165
1/0 0.009 393 434 190 28 0.071 288 318 164

-- 0.072 287 317 163

1 0.010 387 428 190
-- 0.076 284 314 161
2 0.011 382 422 190
30 0.080 282 312 160
3 0.012 377 417 189
31 0.085 279 308 158
4 0.013 373 412 189
32 0.090 276 305 156
5 0.014 369 408 189
33 0.095 274 303 155

- 0.015 365 404 189

34 0.100 271 300 153
6 0.016 362 400 188
-- 0.102 270 299 153
7 0.018 356 393 188
-- 0.107 268 296 151
8 0.020 350 387 188
-- 0.110 267 295 151
9 0.022 345 382 187
36 0.112 266 294 150
10 0.024 341 377 186

11 0.026 337 373 185

-- 0.121 263 290 148
-- 0.028 333 368 184
-- 0.125 261 288 147
-- 0.030 330 365 183
39 0.130 259 286 146
-- 0.032 327 361 182
-- 0.135 258 285 145
-- 0.034 324 358 182

-- 0.036 321 355 181

-- 0.038 318 352 179 -- 0.140 256 283 144
-- 0.040 315 349 179 -- 0.145 254 281 143
-- 0.042 313 346 178 -- 0.150 253 279 142
20 0.045 309 342 176 -- 0.156 251 277 140
-- 0.048 306 339 174

-- 0.162 249 275 --

-- 0.177 245 270 --
-- 0.192 241 267 --
-- 0.207 238 264 --

* Average Values

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DECEMBER 2002 Page 6 of 20

 NUMBER: TITLE: CURRENT ISSUE DATE:
CEMS A-9 Steel Spring Wire December 2002

6.2.1 Tensile Strength (Continued)

TABLE VII
TENSILE PROPERTIES – ALLOY STEEL SPRING WIRE
Type 7* Type 8* Type 8A** Type 9*
Regular Valve Spring
Modified Chromium Vanadium, Chromium Silicon,
Wire Size Quality Quality
Oil Tempered, Valve Spring Quality
Chromium Vanadium,
Valve Spring Quality
Oil Tempered
Tensile Torsional ψ Tensile Torsional ψ Tensile Torsional ψ
Strength Elastic Limit, Strength Elastic Limit, Strength Elastic Limit,
Steel Dia-
Thousands, Thousands, Thousands, Thousands, Thousands, Thousands,
Wire meter,
psi psi psi psi psi psi
Gage inch
(Not a (Not a (Not a
min max min max min max
Requirement) Requirement) Requirement)
22 0.0286 290 315 174 -- -- -- 303 328 180
21 0.0317 286 311 171 -- -- -- 302 327 180
20 0.0348 283 308 170 -- -- -- 301 326 179
19 0.0410 278 303 166 -- -- -- 300 325 179
18 0.0475 275 300 164 -- -- -- 298 323 177
17 0.0540 270 295 162 -- -- -- 296 321 175

16 0.0625 265 289 160 -- -- -- 294 319 174

15 0.0720 260 284 158 -- -- -- 292 317 172
14 0.0800 256 279 156 -- -- -- 290 315 171
13 0.0915 251 274 154 245 265 160 287 312 168
12 0.1055 245 267 151 245 265 160 284 309 167

11 0.1205 240 261 149 245 265 160 280 305 165
10 0.1350 235 255 147 240 260 156 276 301 162
9 0.1483 231 251 144 240 260 156 273 298 160
8 0.1620 227 247 143 235 255 152 270 295 159
7 0.1770 223 243 141 235 255 152 268 293 156

6 0.1920 220 240 140 230 250 148 265 290 156
5 0.2070 216 236 139 230 250 148 263 288 154
4 0.2253 213 233 137 225 245 145 258 283 153
3 0.2437 210 230 136 225 245 145 256 281 152
2 0.2625 207 227 135 225 245 145 253 278 151

1 0.2830 205 225 135 -- -- -- 251 276 149

1/0 0.3065 -- -- -- -- -- -- 250 275 148
5/16 0.3125 203 223 133 -- -- -- 250 275 147
11/32 0.3438 199 219 132 -- -- -- 248 273 145
3/8 0.3750 197 217 131 -- -- -- 247 272 144
* Minimum reduction of area will be 45% for sizes 0.156 inch and finer, 40% for sizes larger than 0.156 inch. Reduction of area does not
apply to sizes under 0.0915 inch in diameter.
** Minimum reduction of area will be 40%
ψ Average values.

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DECEMBER 2002 Page 7 of 20

NUMBER: TITLE: CURRENT ISSUE DATE:
CEMS A-9 Steel Spring Wire December 2002

6.2.1 Tensile Strength (Continued)

TABLE VIII TABLE IX

TENSILE PROPERTIES TENSILE PROPERTIES
STAINLESS STEEL SPRING WIRE STAINLESS STEEL SPRING WIRE
Type 12 UNS S30200 Type 15
Wire Wire
Type 13 UNS S30400 Precipitation Hardening
Size Size
Type 14 UNS S30400 Stainless Steel 17-7 PH
Tensile Torsional**
Tensile Strength,
Strength, Torsional* Elastic Limit,
Thousands,
Thousands, Elastic Limit, Diameter, Thousands,
Diameter, psi
psi Thousands, Inch, psi
Inch
psi Incl. (CH Condition)
(Not a Requirement) *Condition *Condition
min max (Not a
C CH
Requirement)
0.009
and 325 355 155
0.021-0.025 275-305 330-360 179
Smaller
0.026-0.029 270-300 325-355 176
0.010 320 350 154
0.030-0.041 260-290 320-350 174
0.011 318 348 153
0.042-0.051 255-285 310-340 169
0.012 316 346 152
0.052-0.061 250-280 305-335 166
0.013 314 344 151
0.014 312 342 150
0.015 310 340 149
0.062-0.071 242-272 297-327 162
0.016 308 338 148
0.072-0.086 240-270 292-322 159
0.017 306 336 147
0.087-0.090 230-260 282-312 155
0.018 304 334 146
0.091-0.100 227-257 279-309 153
0.020 300 330 144
0.022 296 326 142
0.101-0.106 223-253 274-304 151
0.024 292 322 140
0.107-0.130 221-251 272-302 147
0.026 289 319 138
0.131-0.138 215-245 260-290 144
0.032 277 307 133
0.139-0.146 213-243 258-288 143
0.036 273 303 131
0.041 269 299 129
0.147-0.162 211-241 256-286 141
0.047 262 292 126
0.163-0.180 209-239 254-284 140
0.054 260 290 125
0.181-0.207 207-237 252-282 138
0.062 255 285 121
0.208-0.225 203-233 248-278 137
0.072 250 280 119
0.080 245 275 116
0.092 240 270 114
0.105 232 262 110
0.120 225 255 107
0.148 210 240 100 * Condition C – As received in coils.
Condition CH – After heating at 900°
0.162 205 235 97 for 1 hour and air cooling.
0.177 195 225 92
0.207 185 215 88 ** Average Values
0.225 180 210 85
0.250 175 205 83
0.312 160 190 76
0.375 140 170 67

* Average Values

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DECEMBER 2002 Page 8 of 20

NUMBER: TITLE: CURRENT ISSUE DATE:
CEMS A-9 Steel Spring Wire December 2002

6.2.1 Tensile Strength (Continued)

TABLE IIA
METRIC EQUIVALENT OF TABLE II
Type 1 Type 1H Type 2*
Wire Size High Tensile
Extra High Tensile
Cold Drawn Carbon Steel Cold Drawn Carbon Steel
Cold Drawn Carbon Steel

Torsional ψ Torsional ψ
Torsional ψ
Tensile Tensile Elastic Limit, Tensile Elastic Limit,
Steel Dia- Elastic Limit,
Strength Strength MPa Strength MPa
Wire meter, MPa
MPa MPa (Not a MPa (Not a
Gage mm (Not a
Requirement) Requirement)
Requirement)
min max min max min max
25 0.518 2235 2510 1225 2415 2670 1325 1950 2225 980
24 0.584 2205 2480 1215 2385 2625 1310 1925 2200 965
23 0.655 2180 2455 1200 2325 2570 1275 1895 2170 950
22 0.726 2150 2425 1185 2290 2530 1260 1870 2145 940
21 0.805 2115 2390 1165 2255 2490 1240 1835 2110 915
20 0.884 2080 2360 1145 2240 2475 1235 1800 2075 895
19 1.041 2025 2290 1115 2165 2400 1195 1760 2020 885
18 1.207 1980 2240 1090 2110 2335 1160 1710 1970 855
17 1.372 1930 2180 1060 2075 2290 1145 1675 1925 840
16 1.588 1880 2125 1035 2035 2240 1115 1635 1875 815
15 1.829 1840 2075 1015 1980 2185 1090 1600 1835 800
14 2.032 1805 2040 995 1945 2150 1070 1565 1800 785
13 2.324 1750 1980 945 1905 2105 1025 1515 1745 760
12 2.680 1715 1935 925 1855 2050 1000 1490 1710 745
11 3.061 1670 1880 905 1815 2005 980 1450 1660 725
10 3.430 1640 1855 890 1780 1965 960 1420 1635 710
9 3.767 1620 1835 875 1745 1930 945 1400 1615 705
8 4.115 1595 1780 860 1715 1895 925 1380 1585 690
7 4.496 1560 1765 825 1690 1860 895 1345 1550 675
6 4.877 1530 1730 815 1660 1840 885 1325 1525 660
5 5.258 1510 1705 800 1640 1820 870 1310 1505 655
4 5.723 1485 1675 785 1620 1795 860 1280 1475 640
3 6.190 1470 1660 780 1600 1770 850 1260 1455 635
1/4 6.350 1455 1650 770 1585 1760 840 1255 1450 625
2 6.668 1455 1640 770 1565 1735 825 1240 1435 620
1 7.188 1440 1625 765 1545 1715 820 1230 1405 615
1/0 7.785 1420 1605 750 1515 1690 805 1205 1385 605
5/16 7.938 1385 1565 740 1495 1670 795 1200 1380 600
11/32 8.733 1360 1540 715 1470 1640 780 1175 1350 585
3/8 9.525 1340 1515 710 1450 1620 765 1150 1330 580
13/32 10.320 1325 1495 705 1435 1605 760 1145 1315 570
7/16 11.113 1315 1490 695 1420 1595 750 1140 1310 565
1/2 12.700 1250 1415 660 1345 1515 710 1075 1240 540
17/32 13.492 1225 1395 650 1310 1450 695 1060 1225 530

* Type 2 – Sizes below 0.518 mm; tensile properties are subject to agreement.
ψ Average values
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DECEMBER 2002 Page 9 of 20

NUMBER: TITLE: CURRENT ISSUE DATE:
CEMS A-9 Steel Spring Wire December 2002

6.2.1 Tensile Strength (Continued)

TABLE IIIA
METRIC EQUIVALENT OF TABLE III
Type 3* Type 3H
Wire Size High Tensile
Oil Tempered Carbon Steel
Oil Tempered Carbon Steel
Tensile Tensile Torsional**
Torsional**
Strength Strength Elastic Limit,
Steel Dia- Elastic Limit,
MPa MPa MPa
Wire meter, MPa
(Not a
Gage mm (Not a
min max min max Requirement)
Requirement)

25 0.518 2020 2225 1225 2235 2440 1365

24 0.584 1995 2200 1215 2205 2415 1345
23 0.655 1970 2180 1200 2185 2390 1330
22 0.726 1950 2160 1195 2165 2370 1325
21 0.805 1930 2135 1180 2145 2350 1310
20 0.884 1890 2095 1150 2105 2310 1280
19 1.041 1835 2040 1140 2050 2255 1270
18 1.207 1785 1990 1110 2000 2205 1240
17 1.372 1745 1950 1080 1960 2165 1215
16 1.588 1705 1910 1055 1915 2125 1185
15 1.829 1660 1870 1025 1875 2080 1165
14 2.032 1620 1825 1005 1835 2040 1140
13 2.324 1585 1795 985 1800 2005 1115
12 2.680 1550 1760 965 1765 1970 1095
11 3.061 1515 1725 940 1730 1935 1075
10 3.430 1480 1655 915 1660 1835 1025
9 3.767 1450 1620 895 1625 1800 1005
8 4.115 1415 1585 875 1595 1765 985
7 4.496 1380 1550 855 1560 1730 965
6 4.877 1345 1515 850 1525 1695 960
5 5.258 1310 1480 825 1490 1660 940
4 5.723 1295 1470 815 1475 1650 930
3 6.190 1290 1460 815 1470 1640 925
1/4 6.350 1275 1450 805 1455 1625 915
2 6.668 1275 1450 805 1455 1625 915
1 7.188 1270 1440 800 1450 1620 910
1/0 7.785 1260 1435 770 1440 1615 885
5/16 7.938 1260 1435 760 1440 1615 860
11/32 8.733 1250 1420 750 1425 1600 855
3/8 9.525 1240 1415 745 1420 1595 855
13/32 10.320 1220 1395 730 1400 1570 840
7/16 11.113 1205 1380 725 1385 1560 835
1/2 12.700 1170 1345 705 1350 1525 815
17/32 13.492 1150 1325 690 1330 1505 800
* Type 3 – Sizes below 0.0204 inch; tensile properties are subject to agreement.
** Average values.

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DECEMBER 2002 Page 10 of 20

NUMBER: TITLE: CURRENT ISSUE DATE:
CEMS A-9 Steel Spring Wire December 2002

6.2.1 Tensile Strength (Continued)

TABLE IVA
METRIC EQUIVALENT OF TABLE IV
Type 3S

Wire Square Wire, Oil Tempered Wire Square Wire, Oil Tempered
Size Tensile Torsional Size Tensile Torsional
Strength Elastic Limit,* Strength Elastic Limit, *
Width, MPa MPa Width, MPa MPa
mm min max (Not a Requirement) mm min max (Not a Requirement)

1.270 1745 1950 1120 4.115 1380 1550 885

13.72 1705 1910 1090 4.496 1345 1515 860
15.75 1660 1870 1060 4.877 1310 1480 840
18.29 1620 1825 1035 5.258 1295 1470 830
2.032 1585 1795 1015 5.715 1275 1450 815
2.311 1550 1760 990 6.350 1260 1435 805
2.677 1515 1725 975 7.925 1240 1415 795
3.048 1480 1655 950 9.525 1205 1380 770
3.430 1450 1620 925 11.100 1175 1345 750
3.759 1415 1585 905 12.700 1140 1310 725
* Average values

TABLE VA
METRIC EQUIVALENT OF TALBE V
Type 4* Type 5*
Wire Size Carbon Steel, Oil Tempered, Cold Drawn Carbon Steel,
Valve Spring Quality Valve Spring Quality
Tensile Tensile Torsional**
Torsional**
Strength Strength Elastic Limit,
Steel Dia- Elastic Limit,
MPa MPa MPa
Wire meter, MPa
(Not a
Gage mm (Not a
min max min max Requirement)
Requirement)

13 2.324 1620 1795 910

12 2.680 1620 1760 1050 1620 1795 910
11 3.061 1620 1795 910
10 3.430 1550 1725 870
9 3.767 1585 1725 1020 1550 1725 870
8 4.115 1550 1725 870
7 4.496 1480 1655 850
1550 1690 1000
6 4.877 1480 1655 840
5 5.258 -- -- --
1515 1655 980
4 5.723 -- -- --
3 6.190 -- -- --
1480 1620 950
2 6.668 -- -- --
* Minimum reduction of area will be 40%
** Average values

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DECEMBER 2002 Page 11 of 20

NUMBER: TITLE: CURRENT ISSUE DATE:
CEMS A-9 Steel Spring Wire December 2002

6.2.1 Tensile Strength (Continued)

TABLE VIA
METRIC EQUIVALENT OF TABLE VI
Type 6
Tensile Tensile Torsional*
Wire Size Torsional* Wire Size
Strength Strength Elastic Limit,
Elastic Limit,
MPa MPa MPa
Steel Dia- MPa Steel Dia-
(Not a
Wire meter, (Not a Wire meter,
min max min max Requirement)
Gage mm Requirement) Gage mm

6/0 0.101 3025 3345 1315 23 1.295 2090 2310 1195

5/0 0.127 2935 3250 1315 24 1.397 2070 2280 1180
4/0 0.152 2860 3165 1315 25 1.498 2040 2255 1165
3/0 0.177 2805 3095 1315 26 1.600 2020 2235 1150
2/0 0.203 2750 3040 1310 27 1.701 2000 2215 1140
1/0 0.228 2710 2990 1310 28 1.778 1985 2190 1130
-- 1.828 1980 2185 1125
1 0.254 2670 2950 1310
-- 1.930 1960 2165 1110
2 0.279 2635 2910 1310
30 2.032 1945 2150 1105
3 0.304 2600 2875 1305
31 2.159 1925 2125 1090
4 0.330 2570 2840 1305
32 2.286 1905 2105 1080
5 0.355 2545 2815 1305
33 2.413 1890 2090 1070
- 0.381 2515 2785 1305
34 2.540 1870 2070 1055
6 0.406 2495 2760 1295
-- 2.590 1860 2060 1055
7 0.457 2455 2710 1295
-- 2.717 1850 2040 1040
8 0.508 2415 2670 1295
-- 2.794 1840 2035 1040
9 0.558 2380 2635 1290
36 2.844 1835 2025 1035
10 0.609 2350 2600 1280
11 0.660 2325 2570 1275
-- 3.073 1815 2000 1020
-- 0.711 2295 2540 1270
-- 3.175 1800 1985 1015
-- 0.762 2275 2515 1260
39 3.302 1785 1970 1005
-- 0.812 2255 2490 1255
-- 3.429 1780 1965 1000
-- 0.863 2235 2470 1255
-- 0.914 2215 2450 1250
-- 0.965 2195 2425 1235 -- 3.556 1765 1950 995
-- 1.016 2170 2405 1235 -- 3.683 1750 1935 985
-- 1.066 2160 2385 1225 -- 3.810 1745 1925 980
20 1.143 2130 2360 1215 -- 3.962 1730 1910 965
-- 1.219 2110 2335 1200
-- 4.114 1715 1895 --
-- 4.495 1690 1860 --
-- 4.876 1660 1840 --
-- 5.257 1640 1820 --

* Average Values

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DECEMBER 2002 Page 12 of 20

NUMBER: TITLE: CURRENT ISSUE DATE:
CEMS A-9 Steel Spring Wire December 2002

6.2.1 Tensile Strength (Continued)

TABLE VIIA
METRIC EQUIVALENT OF TABLE VII
Type 7* Type 8* Type 8A** Type 9*
Regular Valve Spring
Modified Chromium Vanadium,
Wire Size Quality Quality Chromium Silicon,
Oil Tempered,
Chromium Vanadium, Valve Spring Quality
Valve Spring Quality
Oil Tempered
Tensile Torsional ψ Tensile Torsional ψ Tensile Torsional ψ
Steel Dia- Strength Elastic Limit, Strength Elastic Limit, Strength Elastic Limit,
Wire meter, MPa MPa MPa MPa MPa MPa
Gage mm (Not a (Not a (Not a
min max min max min max
Requirement) Requirement) Requirement)
22 0.726 2000 2170 1200 -- -- -- 2085 2255 1220
21 0.805 1970 2145 1180 -- -- -- 2080 2250 1220
20 0.884 1950 2125 1175 -- -- -- 2070 2240 1210
19 1.041 1915 2090 1145 -- -- -- 2060 2230 1180
18 1.207 1895 2070 1130 -- -- -- 2045 2215 1150
17 1.372 1860 2035 1120 -- -- -- 2030 2200 1140
16 1.588 1825 1995 1105 -- -- -- 2015 2185 1120
15 1.829 1795 1960 1090 -- -- -- 2000 2170 1105
14 2.032 1765 1925 1075 -- -- -- 1985 2155 1095
13 2.324 1730 1890 1060 1690 1825 1105 1965 2135 1075
12 2.680 1690 1840 1040 1690 1825 1105 1940 2110 1070
11 3.061 1655 1800 1030 1690 1825 1105 1915 2085 1055
10 3.430 1620 1760 1014 1655 1795 1075 1895 2065 1035
9 3.767 1595 1730 990 1655 1795 1075 1875 2045 1020
8 4.115 1565 1705 985 1620 1760 1050 1855 2025 1015
7 4.496 1535 1675 975 1620 1760 1050 1830 2000 1005
6 4.877 1515 1655 965 1585 1725 1020 1810 1980 990
5 5.258 1490 1625 960 1585 1725 1020 1795 1955 985
4 5.723 1470 1605 945 1550 1690 1000 1785 1945 985
3 6.190 1450 1585 940 1550 1690 1000 1770 1930 985
2 6.668 1425 1565 930 1550 1690 1000 1755 1915 980
1 7.188 1415 1550 925 -- -- -- 1740 1900 965
1/0 7.785 -- -- -- -- -- -- 1725 1885 960
5/16 7.938 1400 1535 915 -- -- -- 1720 1880 950
11/32 8.733 1370 1510 910 -- -- -- 1705 1865 940
3/8 9.525 1360 1495 905 -- -- -- 1690 1850 930
* Minimum reduction of area will be 45% for sizes 3.962 mm and finer, 40% for sizes larger than 3.962 mm. Reduction of area does
not apply to sizes under 1.829 mm in diameter.
** Minimum reduction of area will be 40%
ψ Average values.

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DECEMBER 2002 Page 13 of 20

NUMBER: TITLE: CURRENT ISSUE DATE:
CEMS A-9 Steel Spring Wire December 2002

6.2.1 Tensile Strength (Continued)

TABLE VIIIA TABLE IXA

METRIC EQUIVALENT OF METRIC EQUIVALENT OF
TABLE VIII TABLE IX
Type 12 UNS S30200 Type 15
Wire Wire
Type 13 UNS S30400 Precipitation Hardening
Size Size
Type 14 UNS S30400 Stainless Steel 17-7 PH
Tensile Tensile Torsional**
Strength, Torsional* Strength, Elastic Limit,
Diameter,
Diameter, MPa Elastic Limit, MPa MPa
mm,
mm MPa (CH Condition)
Incl. *Condition *Condition
Min max (Not a Requirement) (Not a
C CH
Requirement)
0.53-0.64 1895-2100 2275-2480 1235
0.228 0.66-0.74 1860-2070 2240-1450 1215
and 2240 2450 1070 0.76-1.05 1795-2000 2205-2415 1200
Smaller 1.06-1.30 1760-1965 2135-2345 1165
1.32-1.55 1725-1930 2105-2310 1145
0.254 2205 2415 1060
1.57-1.81 1670-1875 2050-2255 1120
0.279 2195 2400 1055
1.81-2.19 1655-1860 2015-2220 1095
0.304 2180 2385 1050
2.20-2.29 1585-1795 1945-2150 1070
0.330 2165 2370 1040
2.31-2.55 1565-1700 1925-2130 1055
0.355 2150 2360 1035
2.56-2.70 1540-1745 1890-2095 1040
0.381 2135 2345 1025
0.406 2125 2330 1020
2.71-3.31 1525-1730 1875-2080 1015
0.431 2110 2315 1015
3.32-3.51 1480-1690 1795-2000 995
0.457 2095 2305 1005
3.53-3.71 1470-165 1780-1985 985
0.508 2070 2275 995
3.73-4.12 1455-1660 1765-1970 975
0.558 2030 2250 980
4.14-4.58 1440-1650 1750-1960 965
0.609 2015 2220 965
0.660 1995 2200 950
0.812 1910 2115 915
4.59-5.26 1425-1635 1740-1945 950
0.914 1880 2090 905
5.28-5.72 1400-1605 1710-1915 945
1.041 1855 2060 890
1.193 1805 2015 870
1.371 1795 2000 860
1.574 1760 1965 835
1.828 1725 1930 820
2.032 1690 1895 800
2.336 1655 1860 785
2.667 1600 1805 760
* Condition C – As received in coils.
3.048 1550 1760 740
Condition CH – After heating at 900°
3.759 1450 1655 690
for 1 hour and air cooling.
4.114 1415 1620 670
4.495 1345 1550 635
** Average Values
5.257 1275 1480 605
5.715 1240 1450 585
6.350 1205 1415 570
7.924 1105 1310 525
9.525 965 1170 460
* Average Values

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DECEMBER 2002 Page 14 of 20

NUMBER: TITLE: CURRENT ISSUE DATE:
CEMS A-9 Steel Spring Wire December 2002

6.2 Mechanical Properties (Continued)

6.2.1.1 Fracture
Wire will not show an overheated or cupping condition when fractured in tension.

6.2.2 Coiling
All Types Except Type 6 – Wire will not crack or break when wound around a mandrel of the size specified.
Type 6- When coiled as specified, the wire will shown a uniform pitch with no splits or fractures.

6.3 Metallurgical Properties

Spring wire purchased to this specification will be produced with a steel making practice capable of providing an
end product meeting all of the metallurgical and mechanical property requirements specified herein for each of the
spring wire types.
6.3.1 Decarburization
Decarburization will not exceed the limits for eaxh specified type as shown in Table X.

TABLE X
DECARBURIZATION REQUIREMENTS
Type Description Requirements

Oil Tempered
3
Carbon Steel
Total plus partial decarburization will not exceed 3.5% of the wire diameter of thickness,
or 0.010 inch (0.25 mm), which ever is less on any part of the surface. For sizes less than
High Tensile Oil 0.1875 inch (4.72 mm), complete decarburization will not exceed 33% of the total
3H
Tempered Carbon Steel permissible range, nor 50% of the range for sizes 0.1875 through 0.3750 inch (4.762
through 9.525 mm).
Oil Tempered
3S
Carbon Square Wire

Carbon Steel,
4 Oil Tempered,
Valve Spring Quality

Cold Drawn Carbon Steel, Shall contain no free ferrite.

5
Valve Spring Quality Partial decarburization may extend to 0.0015 inch (0.038 mm), maximum.

Chromium Vanadium,
8,
Oil Tempered,
8A
Valve Spring Quality
Total plus partial decarburization will not exceed 1.5% of the wire diameter of 0.005 inch
Chromium Vanadium, (0.13 mm), whichever is less, on any part of the surface. For sizes less than 0.1875 inch
7 Oil Tempered, (4.762 mm), complete decarburization will not exceed 33% of the total permissible range,
Regular Quality nor 50% of the range for sizes 0.1875 through 0.3750 inch (4.762 through 9.525 mm)

Chromium Silicon,
9
Valve Spring Quality
At a magnification of 100X, mounted, polished, & etched samples will not exhibit any
areas of complete decarburiztion. Partial decarburization is limited to 0.025 mm (0.001 in)
on wire diameters less than 5mm (0.192 in) and to 0.038mm (0.0015 in) on wire diameters
over 5mm (0.193 in)

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DECEMBER 2002 Page 15 of 20

NUMBER: TITLE: CURRENT ISSUE DATE:
CEMS A-9 Steel Spring Wire December 2002

6.3 Metallurgical Properties (Continued)

6.3.2 Surface Requirements

Surface quality shall not exceed the limits for the specified type as shown in Table XI.

TABLE XI
SURFACE REQUIREMENTS
Type Description Surface Requirements
High Tensile
1
Cold Drawn Carbon Steel Will be smooth and bright and free from excessive surface defects with no
Extra high Tensile seams present in depth greater than 3.5% of the diameter or 0.010 inch (0.25
1H
Cold Drawn Carbon Steel mm) whichever is less.
2 Cold Drawn Carbon Steel
Oil Tempered
3
Carbon Steel
High Tensile Oil
3H
Tempered Carbon Steel
Oil Tempered Carbon
3S Same as Types 1, 1H and 2, and in addition will contain no cross checks or
Square Wire
quench cracks.
Chromium Vanadium,
7 Oil Tempered,
Regular Quality
Chromium Silicon,
9
Valve Spring Quality
Carbon Steel,
4 Oil Tempered,
Valve Spring Quality
Will be free from imperfections such as seams, pits, die marks, scratches, and
Cold Drawn Carbon Steel,
5 other defects tending to impair the fatigue life of the spring. These grades
Valve Spring Quality
may be subjected to 100% inspection for surface defects with a magnetic or
Chromium Vanadium,
8 eddy current analyzer. Springs made from wire with surface defects of 0.002
Oil Tempered,
8A inch (0.05 mm) deep or greater will be rejected.
Valve Spring Quality
Stainless UNS S30400
14*
Valve Spring Quality
6 Music Wire
12* Stainless UNS S30200
After etching, will be free from serious seams, deep scratches, or other defects
Stainless UNS S30400
13* which will materially affect the quality of the finished product.
Regular Quality
15* 17-7 PH Stainless Steel Wire

* When specified for automatic coiling, the wire will be coated with a thin, uniform lubricant film.

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DECEMBER 2002 Page 16 of 20

NUMBER: TITLE: CURRENT ISSUE DATE:
CEMS A-9 Steel Spring Wire December 2002

6.4 Dimensional Tolerance

Spring wire provided will meet the dimensional tolerances shown in Table XII for the type specified.
TABLE XII
DIMENSIONAL TOLERANCES – ROUND WIRE
Wire Diameter, Diameter Tolerance,*
Type Description
Inch, Incl. Plus or Minus, Inch
1 High Tensile. CD, Carbon Steel
Extra High Tensile, Cold Drawn,
1H 0.020-0.028 0.0008
Carbon Steel
0.028-0.072 0.0010
2 Cold Drawn Carbon Steel 0.073-0.375 0.0020
3 Oil Tempered Carbon Steel 0.376 and Over 0.0030
High Tensile Oil Tempered
3H
Carbon Steel
Carbon Steel, 0.093-0.148 0.0010
4 Oil Tempered, 0.149-0.177 0.0015
Valve Spring Quality 0.178-0.250 0.0020
Cold Drawn Carbon Steel, 0.091-0.147 0.0010
5
Valve Spring Quality 0.148-0.186 0.0015
0.026 and Under 0.0003
6 Music Wire 0.027-0.063 0.0005
0.064 and Over 0.0010
0.020-0.075 0.00080
Chromium Vanadium,
8 0.076-0.148 0.0010
Oil Tempered,
8A 0.149-0.375 0.0015
Valve Spring Quality
0.376-0.500 0.0020
Chromium Vanadium, 0.028-0.072 0.0010
7 Oil Tempered, 0.073-0.375 0.0020
Regular Quality 0.376 and Over 0.0030
0.020-0.075 0.0008
Chromium Silicon,
9 0.076-0.148 0.0010
Valve Spring Quality
0.149-0.375 0.0015
0.015 and Under 0.0003
0.016-0.041 0.0005
12 Stainless UNS S30200
0.042-0.312 0.0010
Over 0.312 0.0020
0.003-0.000475 0.0001
0.00476-0.0069 0.00015
Stainless UNS S30400 0.007-0.0079 0.0002
13
Regular Quality 0.008-0.0119 0.00025
0.012-0.0239 0.0004
0.024-0.0329 0.0005
0.033-0.0439 0.00075
Stainless UNS S30400 0.044-0.3124 0.0010
14
Valve Spring Quality 0.3125-0.499 0.0015
0.500 0.0020
0.011 and Under 0.00025
0.012-0.032 0.0005
17-7 PH Precipitation
15* 0.033-0.044 0.00075
Hardening Stainless
0.045-0.0312 0.0010
0.313-0.500 0.0015
DIMENSIONAL TOLERANCES – SQUARE WIRE
Wire Width, Width Tolerance, Out-of-Square Tolerance,
Square Inch, Incl. Plus or Minus, Inch Inch, Max
Wire,
3S 0.050-0.071 0.0015 0.0020
Oil
Tempered 0.072-0.375 0.0030 0.0040
0.376-0.500 0.0045 0.0060
* Maximum out-of-round will be 50 percent of the total permissible variation in diameter.

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NUMBER: TITLE: CURRENT ISSUE DATE:
CEMS A-9 Steel Spring Wire December 2002

6.4 Dimensional Tolerance (continued)

TABLE XIIA
METRIC EQUIVALENT OF TABLE XII
Wire Diameter, Diameter Tolerance,*
Type Description
mm, Incl. Plus or Minus, mm
1 High Tensile, CD, Carbon Steel
Extra High Tensile 0.051-0.71 0.02
1H
Cold Drawn Carbon Steel 0.72-1.83 0.03
2 Cold Drawn Carbon Steel 1.84-9.52 0.05
3 Oil Tempered Carbon Steel 9.55 and Over 0.08
3H High Tensile Oil Tempered Carbon Steel
Carbon Steel, 2.36-3.76 0.03
4 Oil Tempered, 3.78-4.51 0.038
Valve Spring Quality 4.52-6.35 0.05
Cold Drawn Carbon Steel, 2.31-3.74 0.03
5
Valve Spring Quality 3.75-4.72 0.038
0.67 and Under 0.008
6 Music Wire 0.68-1.61 0.013
1.62 and Over 0.03
0.51-1.91 0.02
Chromium Vanadium,
8 1.93-3.76 0.03
Oil Tempered,
8A 3.78-9.52 0.038
Valve Spring Quality
9.55-12.70 0.05
Chromium Vanadium, 0.71-1.83 0.025
7 Oil Tempered, 1.84-9.52 0.05
Regular Quality 9.55 and Over 0.08
0.5 to 2.0 incl 0.02
Chromium Silicon,
9 2. 01 to 4.0 incl 0.03
Valve Spring Quality
4.01 to 9.5 incl 0.04
0.39 and Under 0.008
0.40-1.05 0.013
12 Stainless UNS S30200
1.06-7.92 0.03
Over 7.92 0.05
0.076-0.1201 0.003
0.1209-0.176 0.0038
Stainless UNS S30400 0.177-0.202 0.005
13
Regular Quality 0.203-0.303 0.0064
0.304-0.608 0.01
0.609-0.837 0.013
0.838-1.116 0.019
Stainless UNS S30400 1.117-7.92 0.03
14
Valve Spring Quality 7.93-12.69 0.038
12.70 0.05
0.29 and Under 0.0064
0.30-0.82 0.013
17-7 PH Precipitation
5* 0.83-1.13 0.019
Hardening Stainless
1.14-7.94 0.03
7.95-12.70 0.038

Wire Width, Width Tolerance, Out-of-Square Tolerance,

Square
mm, Incl. Plus or Minus, mm mm, Max
Wire,
3S 1.27-1.80 0.038 0.051
Oil
Tempered 1.83-9.52 0.076 0.101
9.55-12.70 0.114 0.152
* Maximum out-of-round will be 50 percent of the total permissible variation in diameter.

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 NUMBER: TITLE: CURRENT ISSUE DATE:
CEMS A-9 Steel Spring Wire December 2002

7.0 QUALITY
7.1 Wire will be uniform in quality and temper, and will not be kinked or improperly cast. When testing for cast
cold drawn wire will lie flat on itself and not spring up or show a wavy condition. Springs made from Type 12,
13, 14, or 15 stainless steel wire must be cleaned and passivated after coiling to insure maximum corrosion
resistance of the stainless steel. All metallic coatings must be removed prior to heat treatment.
7.2 The supplier should be capable of providing statistical evidence that the material has been manufactured
within process control limits established by the supplier for this product and that the process is capable of meeting
the requirements of this specification.

8.0 METHODS OF TEST

The properties of the wire will be determined using the test methods below. For requirement, see “Mechanical
Properties,” Section 6.2, or “Metallurgical Properties,” Section 6.3.

8.1 Tensile
Test per ASTM A 370

8.2 Coiling
Wind the wire on a mandrel whose diameter is a multiple of the nominal wire diameter for round wire, or nominal
wire diagonal for square wire as shown in Table XIII, except as otherwise specified.

TABLE XIII
COILING TEST
Wire Wire Diameter
Mandrel Mandrel
Type Diameter Type Or Width
Diameter Diameter
inch mm inch mm
0.020-0.161 Incl. 0.51-4.11 Incl. 2 x Wire Diameter
To 1.05 To 2.67 3 to 3.5 x
1, 1H Over 0.162-0.312 Incl. Over 4.11-7.92 Incl. 4 x Wire Diameter 6*
Incl. Incl. Wire Diameter
Over 0.312 Over 7.92 Not Applicable
2, 3, 3H, 4, 5 0.020-0.162 Incl. 0.51-0.4.11 Incl. 1 x Wire Diameter
0.050 1.27
7, 8, 8A, 9 Over 0.162-0.312 Incl. Over 4.11-7.92 Incl. 2 x Wire Diameter 1 x Wire Diameter
thru 0.162 thru 4.11
12, 13, 14 Over 0.312 Over 7.92 Not Applicable 3S
To 0.250 Incl. To 6.35 Incl. 2 x Wire Diameter 0.163 4.14
15 2 x Wire Diameter
Over 0.250 Over 6.35 3 x Wire Diameter thru 0.312 thru 7.92
* After coiling, stretch a 5-inch (127-mm)
length of coil so that it sets to approximately
3 times the original length.
8.3 Austenitic Grain Size
Determine austenitic grain size according to CEMS Test Method AT-2

8.4 Decarburization
Cut a transverse section of wire, mount, polish, etch metallographically and examine at a magnification of 100
diameters.

8.5 Surface Defects

TYPES 1, 1H, 2, 3, 3H, 3S, 4, 7, 8, 8A, and 9 – Cut a length of wire, etch in a solution consisting of equal parts of
chemically pure hydrologic acid and water at a temperature between 165-175 F (74-79 C) for a time sufficient to
remove approximately 1 percent of wire diameter. Microscopic examination of cross section at 100 diameters
will be used to determine the seam depth. An alternate method which may be used for convenience in inspection
is to file to the bottom of the defect and measure the thickness of wire removed.

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DECEMBER 2002 Page 19 of 20

NUMBER: TITLE: CURRENT ISSUE DATE:
CEMS A-9 Steel Spring Wire December 2002

8.5.1 NOTE: An additional alternate method for use on Types 4, 5, 8, 8A and 14 valve spring quality wire is to
100% test with a magnetic or eddy current defect analyzer.

8.5.2 TYPES 5 and 6 – Heat sample at 750 °F (399 °C) for 30 minutes. Etch and examine as shown in Section
8.5.

8.5.3 TYPE 12, 13, 14 and 15 – Cut a length of wire and etch in a boiling solution of 30% hydrochloric acid,
5% nitric acid, balance water.

8.6 Cast
Cut four coils of cold drawn wire from the bundle and drop on the floor. See “Quality,” Section 7.1.

9.0 SOURCE APPROVAL AND QUALITY CONTROL

9.1 Supplier Requirements
Suppliers must conform to the requirements of the International IQR Quality Standard which includes
conformance to the QS-9000 (ISO 9001) Quality System Standard. A mutually acceptable Quality Control
Plan as described therein is required for source approval to the requirements of this specification.

9.2 Approval
Parts supplied against contracts or purchase orders citing this specification shall be equivalent in all respects to
those samples that were approved by the purchaser. No changes in formulation or processing practices are
permitted without approval. In the event that changes in material, properties, processing practices,
construction, color, or labeling of the product are required, the supplier shall notify Materials Engineering, at
TDTC and Purchasing and Supplier Development of the proposed change(s). Test data indicating conformance
to all requirements of this specification, test samples, and new or amended or updated Material Safety Data
Sheet(s) (MSDS), in accordance with CFR Title 29, Part 1910 shall be submitted with the request for change.

9.3 Process Control

The supplier shall either perform and report results of tests on specific lots of parts produced or provide statistical
evidence of the lot having been produced in a state of statistical control and with a process capable of providing
all required properties. The part supplier and the plant metallurgist and/or the quality control manager of the
using International plant may determine testing and reporting requirements on specific products.

10.0 DESIGNATIONS ON DRAWINGS AND PURCHASE ORDERS

Specification of spring wire on drawings and purchase orders will be by the type number. Any other necessary
information such as the desired condition of Type 15 wire, will also be included.

EXAMPLES: Steel Wire, Type 2, CEMS A-9

Stainless Steel Wire, Type 15 (Condition CH,) CEMS A-9

11.0 PACKING AND SHIPPING

Each bundle will be on continuous length of wire, properly coiled, and firmly tied. All bundles will be identified
with a durable tag showing wire size and grade, heat number, and purchaser’s order number.

This document is restricted and may not be sent outside International Truck and Engine Corporation or reproduced without permission from
Corporate Technical Standards. Suppliers are required to assume all patent liability. 2002 by International Truck and Engine Corporation.

DECEMBER 2002 Page 20 of 20