Applied Thermodynamics

Ch.E-251

Sir Zaka ur Rehman Qazi

University of Engineering and

Technology, Lahore
 Assignment # 3
Check exactness and, hence, path independency of shaft work
�
Shaft work: �� = �
���
�
Flow work: �� =− �
� ��

Solution
 Shaft Work:
��� ���
Assume that �� = � �, � = ��� = ��
�� +
��
�� ≡ ��� + ���

By definition �� = ��� = ��� = ���

��� ���
�≡ =0& =�
�� � �� �

�� �� ��
= =�
�� � ����
�� �� ��
= =�
�� � ����
���� ����
As ≠
���� ����

Shaft work is path function (inexact differential)

 Flow Work:
�
�� =− ∆ �� =− � ��
�
For flow work assume that
�� = � �, � = ���
��� ��
= �� + ��
�� � �� �
≡ ��� + ���
So by definition
�� =− ∆ �� = ��� + ��� = ���
��� ���
�≡ =�& =�
�� � �� �
�� �� �� �� �� ��
( ) = =�& = =�
�� � ���� �� � ����
�� �� �� ��
�� =
���� ����
Hence flow work is a state function (exact differential)