2018 10th International Conference on Intelligent Human-Machine Systems and Cybernetics

The Design of Vehicle Tracking and Positioning System

Chunlong Ma1, Xin Pang2, Zhize Zeng3, Shaohua Wang4*, Yue Yang5
1,2,3. Guanghua College of ChangChun, ChangChun 130031,China
4. State Key Laboratory of Automobile Simulation and Control, Jilin University, Changchun 130025, China
5. College of Traffic, Jilin University, Changchun 130025,China
Email:576406185@qq.com

Abstract—This design introduces a GPS/GPRS vehicle

tracking and positioning system based on the ARM-Linux II. OVERALL STRUCTURE OF VEHICLE TRACKING AND
platform. The system uses the s5pv210 as the vehicle-mounted POSITIONING SYSTEM
terminal of the central microprocessor. The GPS function The overall structure of the vehicle tracking and
module equipped with the vehicle-mounted terminal obtains
positioning system is shown in Figure 1. The entire vehicle
the current vehicle focus location information at a set time
interval and displays it on the screen. Then the GPRS network
monitoring system can be structurally divided into four parts:
is used to transfer the positioning information between the GPS Satellite ǃVehicle terminalǃGPRS Network ǃ
monitoring center and the vehicle-mounted terminal in real Monitoring center.
time to achieve real-time positioning and tracking of the
vehicle. The vehicle tracking and positioning system combined
with GPS, GPRS and embedded technology can play a good GPS Satellite
role in vehicle monitoring management and security protection.

Keywords-s5pv210; Embedded technology; GPS; GPRS

I. INTRODUCTION
Traditional vehicle monitoring methods have become
increasingly unable to meet people's needs. For example, the
vehicle tracking and management scheduling problem of
bank, public security fire protection, logistics, bus or taxi ,
relying on the previous person-to-person online mode can
not play an effective role. In order to manage all types of
vehicles safely and effectively, as long as it is possible to
obtain real-time location information of vehicles,
corresponding solutions can be found.
In this paper, a kind of embedded GPS and GPRS
positioning and monitoring scheme is proposed, which can
realize remote monitoring, mainly based on the vehicle-
mounted positioning terminal and monitoring center. The
vehicle-mounted positioning terminal receives the
corresponding vehicle-mounted status information through
the GPS module and sends it to the monitoring center
through the GPRS network. The monitoring center can also
query in real time to monitor the operation of the vehicle.
The system integrates the characteristics of low power
consumption, high practicality embedded technology and
low cost GPRS technology, making the entire vehicle-
mounted system conform to the trend of modern vehicle-
mounted technology development.
Vehicle terminal
GPRS Network
Monitoring center
Figure 1. Overall structure of vehicle tracking and positioning system
GPS satellite: Calculating and transmitting the location
information of the vehicle-mounted terminal.
Vehicle-mounted terminal: Including central processing
unit, display unit, GPS receiving unit, GPRS communication
unit, etc, providing positioning, display, data transmission
and other functions
Wireless communication network: GPRS wireless
communication network is a pivotal group of information
interaction between vehicle-mounted terminals and
monitoring centers, and it is an important part of the entire
vehicle tracking and positioning system.
Monitoring and control center: It is mainly based on
electronic maps of the monitoring and control operation
platform, receiving the display of vehicle-mounted terminal
data information.

978-1-5386-5836-9/18/$31.00 ©2018 IEEE 339

DOI 10.1109/IHMSC.2018.10183
 The system mainly conducts research on vehicle tracking
and positioning technology, which combines GPS and GPRS.
It uses GPS to obtain the position information of the target,
and through the data transmission function of GPRS, the data
transmission between the mobile vehicle and the monitoring
center is realized to achieve the tracking and positioning of
the vehicle. Then the target is displayed on the capacitance
screen of the vehicle-mounted terminal and the electronic
map of the monitoring center using the map matching
algorithm[1].
The entire system consists of vehicle-mounted terminal,
GPRS network, and monitoring center.
III. HARDWARE DESIGN OF VEHICLE-MOUNTED
TERMINAL
The Vehicle-mounted terminal device is one of the keys
to the entire system. It consists of the controller of ARM ,
GPRS, GPS, capacitor screen, and some peripheral circuits,
which can achieve the reception, processing, and
transmission of positioning data.The hardware structure of
the vehicle terminal is shown in Figure 2. The GPRS
network is a transmission medium for vehicle-mounted
terminals and monitoring centers. GPRS uses packet
switching technology. It has the advantages of "high speed"
and "always online" and it is suitable for wireless
transmission in vehicle tracking positioning systems.
The principle of the entire tracking and positioning
system: First, the GPS module of the vehicle-mounted
terminal receives the positioning data from the positioning
satellite, and then the ARM extracts the longitude, latitude,
and time information of the vehicle and displays it on the
capacitor screen. The GPRS module that drives the vehicle
terminal is connected to the GPRS network and then the
positioning information is sent to the monitoring and control
center so that the monitoring and control center can obtain
the positioning information of the vehicle to achieve the
purpose of tracking and positioning[6].
GPS  will also be transmitted)
Antenna  x <6> Longitude Hemispheric E or W
GPS module $50
com
VSY Capacitor
GPRS
Antenna touch screen
Guitar
GPRS module
A7
Figure 2. Hardware structure of vehicle-mounted terminals
A. ARM s5pv210 microprocessor
The S5 PV210 is a 32-bit RISC microprocessor. It is a
low-cost, low-power, high-performance application
processor designed by Samsung of South Korea for mobile
phones and general-purpose products. The S5 PV210 has a
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64/32-bit internal bus consisting of an AXI/AHB/APB bus,
which provides excellent hardware performance for 3G
applications. It contains multiple powerful hardware
accelerators. The internally integrated MFC supports the
encoding and decoding of MPEG4/H .263 / H. 264[2].
B. GPS/GPRS module
This design uses the A7 module of the GPS / GPRS /
GSM function produced by Shenzhen Anxin Technology
Company. The module integrates GPS and GPRS and
contains almost all the basic functions of a mobile phone:
wireless Internet access, text messaging, telephone calls,
GPS positioning, which can be operated using simple AT
instructions.
1) GPS function
The GPS function module receives satellite data, and
after processing, it forms asynchronous serial output of
message data(RS-232 interface standard). Its message format
is binary and standard NMEA-0183 protocol. Serial
communication parameters: baud rate = 9600, data bit = 8
bits, stop bit = 1 bit, no parity check. When the actual
navigation application reads GPS spatial positioning data, we
can update latitude and longitude and time data every few
seconds as needed. We have no need to understand the full
information of the NMEA-0183 communication protocol. It
is only necessary to select the partial positioning data we
need from it. The rest of the information can be ignored[4].
If the satellite communication is normal at this time, the
data format that can be received is as follows:
$GPRMC,080655,A,4546.40891,N,12639.65641,E,1.045
,328.42,170809,,,A*60
$GPRMC,<1>,<2>,<3>,<4>,<5>,<6>,<7>,<8>,<9>,<10
>,<11>,<12>*hh
x <1> UTC time, hhmss format
x <2> Positioning status, A = valid positioning, V =
invalid positioning
x <3> Latitude dmm.mmm format(the previous 0 will
also be transmitted)
x <4> Latitude hemisphere N or S
x <5> Longitude dddm.mmm format(the previous 0
x <7> Ground rate(000.0 ~ 999.9 knots, the previous 0
will also be transmitted)
x <8> Ground heading(000.0 ~ 359.9 degrees, North
as a reference, the first 0 will also be transmitted)
x <9> UTC date, ddmmy format
x <10> Magnetic bias(000.0 ~ 180.0 degrees, the
previous 0 will also be transmitted)
x <11> Magnetic declination, E(East) or W(West)
x <12> Pattern Indications
2) GPRS function
GPRS is a mobile wireless network. It is a technology
between 2G and 3G. The transmission speed is slow, and the
fastest is more than 100 Kbps, it is suitable for a small
amount of data transmission.The advantage is that the
telephone signal can connect to the network conveniently
and adapt to a wide range of areas. Since you need to access
the Internet, then you must use the SIM mobile card. The A7
module already supports Tri-Netcom by default, so we select
a Mobile SIM card[8].
C. Capacitor touch screen Guitar
Multi-point capacitive touch screen control chip Guitar
which uses the principle of projective capacitance detection
consists of 15 drive channels and 10 induction channels to
form a touch detection network, through the built-in analog
amplifier circuit, digital operation module, and high-
performance MPU gets real-time and accurate touch
information and transmits it to the master chip through
I2C[3].
IV. THE SOFTWARE DESIGN OF VEHICLE TRACKING AND
POSITIONING SYSTEM
A. Software Architecture for Vehicle-mounted Terminal
The vehicle-mounted terminal software system mainly
includes GPS positioning function, GPRS communication
function and QT interface display function, as shown in the
vehicle-mounted embedded software block figure 3:
In-vehicle terminal software
structure
GPS GPRS QT
Positioning communication User interface
Access to vehicle Send vehicle Display vehicle
location location location
information information information
Figure 3. Software structure of vehicle-mounted terminals
Specific functions:
x GPRS module: Send the location of the vehicle to
the monitoring center.
x GPS module: Read and analyze GPS positioning
information
x Qt: Develop user graphical interface
B. Vehicle-mounted terminal software design
The design of vehicle-mounted terminal software
mainly includes the design of serial port software, the
design of vehicle-mounted terminal GPS software, the
design of vehicle-mounted terminal GPRS software, and
the development of user graphical interfaces for Qt. The
following mainly introduces the design of GPS software
for vehicle-mounted terminals[5].
Since the data collected by the GPS module contains
more content, the data must be analyzed when receiving it
and the required information must be extracted. The
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flowchart for the extraction of GPS positioning
information is shown in Figure 4.
The principle of extracting GPS positioning
information from the serial port: First the program
establishes and initializes the receiving data buffer, and
then determines whether the serial port opens successfully.
If the serial port is successfully turned on, the parameters
of the serial port are initialized, of which the baud rate is
9600, data bit is 8, the parity bit is None and the stop bit is
1. Then, in the received positioning information, find the
positioning statement starting with the flag "$GPRMC",
store it in the buffer, and then process the positioning
statement to obtain the positioning information of the
current vehicle-mounted terminal[7].
Start
Turn on Serial
1
Successful˛
<
Discard Data
Set Serial Parameter
1
Right Data˛
<
Writing data to the receiving buffer
End
Figure 4. Flowchart of GPS positioning information extraction
V. CONCLUSION OF SYSTEM TEST
The vehicle tracking and positioning system designed
in this paper has been tested in the laboratory.The tests
has some conclusion:
Through the combination of GPS and GPRS
technology, the system can achieve remote monitoring of
vehicles. The vehicle-mounted positioning terminal can
receive the corresponding vehicle status information
through the GPS module and can be sent to the
monitoring center through the GPRS network. The
monitoring and control center can query and monitor the
operation of the vehicle in real time, accurately locate the
vehicle location in real time, and the The monitoring and
control center supports the unified monitoring of multiple
vehicle terminals, which is convenient to manage.
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