Q.

We can tell from this that they respected Muslim customs which is why Abu Abdullah got special
privileges from taxes, as he didn’t have to pay them on his houses for about 3 years but after that even
he would have to. We can also tell by the by King Ferdinand allowing the Muslims to keep their property
that the King and queen didn’t want a hostile relationship with the Muslims. We can also tell that while
Isabella and Ferdinand were allowing Muslims to stay and keep their inheritance they were effectively
second-class citizens now, only thing that saved them from mass deportation was the letter of the law
placed by the king and queen for now.

Q.2

We can see in this painting that Muslim rulers were not in the class of Christian rulers as, in the painting
the Muslims are shown to be are bowing down and accepting some of payment from the Christian kings.
From this painting it looks as if the Christians rulers are the higher ups of Muslims rulers and they
effectively tell them what to do. Even the tunics they are wearing show more elitism in the part of the
Christian ruler as he is wearing a dual colored tunic while the Muslims are wearing one colored clothes.

Q.3

We can see this is a formal treaty signed by Abu Abdullah as well as the King and Queen of Castile and
Aragon. Its purpose was to effectively tell the Muslims what they’re status was after their defeat and
surrender. Its value is that it’s a firsthand account of what the conditions of the Muslims were supposed
to be after they’re surrender. It is also very valuable in determining what kind of relationship, King
Ferdinand wanted with the Muslims. However a great limitation is that we don’t know if this treaty was
enforced in an effective way while the Queen and King didn’t want a hostile relationship with the
Muslims. What’s to say the Christian population living there didn’t?

Q.4

Source E reveals that the treaty where the sultan of Granada had to be become the vassal of the King of
castile was a very hostile relationship right from the outset as when the Nasrid dynasty began its
historical existence as a Christian vassal in mid-13 th century. The vassalage was a condition for survival
however it led to a basic contradiction in the fabric of the state as for a Muslim ruler to be subject to a
Christian king went against every principle of Islamic law and vassalage of Granada on top of that was a
finical burden. They had to pay a large of sum of money called Parias as an annual tribute to Castile.
They also had to fight against enemies that had nothing to do with them such as enemies of the King
whether it be Muslims or Christians. While source G tells us that tributes having always existed between
two states, so it was the norm however for Granada in particular making these payments was never
pleasant as they confirmed inferiority to Granada. Source G also reveals that in addition to taxation, it
was also accompanied by commercial exchanges as constant interference in granada’s domestic affairs
by castile. However Source G also reveals that the Muslims of Granada had a working relationship with
Castile instead of a hostile one as the sultans visited Castile on a few occasions, even when not fighting
castile’s enemies.

Q. 4

Finical issues were a big factor in the fall of Granada however they were other factors as well including
in- fighting between Muslims which is how Abu Abdullah took power. As well as the more extremism of
Christianity in spain as a result of the counter-revolution, which put many more exrreme methods such
as the Spanish inquisition into society which at first was used against heretics but slowly was used
against all religions . Muslims were forced to convert to Christianity which many would not do, so were
frequently tortured and deported. Also it wasn’t exactly finical issues that were the problem of the
tributary exchange but rather the act of giving the tributary itself which confirmed inferiority status to
Granada which as Source E very effectively said was quite unacceptable to many sultans as it went
against principle of Islamic law, as well as the fact to get the tax, they had to tax their muslims
population far more heavily then either Shia or Sunni law allowed. So along with being humiliating it was
considered morally wrong to give these tributes to Castile. Source F also revealed in fact Abdullah nor
any Moor of Granada had to even pay tax for the first years, so its unlikely to be finical problem alone
also many muslims were allowed to keep their inheritances as well as estates whether they were great
or small so it shouldn’t have been an extreme problem to pay those same rulers back. Also according to
Source F the Castilians respected the Muslims at least subject wise so it’s unlikely they kept increasing
taxes to ridiculous rates. However it would be great lie to say that the biggest of problem was not finicial
as even in Source E the vassalage is being described as being a finical burden, as Granada often had to
pay large sums of money called such as Parias in a tribute to Castile. Also it wasn’t just tax which
resulted in the most finicial issues as in Source G it is said that Castille often interfered in domestic
affairs in Granada so even the natural profit they were making, was also coming in the hands of the
castillains. Also the development of border institutions likely meant that the profit going to Granda
through trade was likely reduced with the advent of borders there which traders could easily stop to.
But another factor in the Fall of Granada according to Source G was the constant fighting between
Castile and Granada and the restoration of that vassalage. Source E also expands upon this says that
Granada was also commanded by Castille to frequently fight other battles that had nothing to do with
Granada as well as fight many muslims which largely hardened the hearts of muslims against Castillians
even more. In conclusion while I would say finicial problems were the biggests factor in the fall of castile,
they were others , the other factors of counter-revolution, the spainish inquisition, the infighting
between muslims, the inferiority of being a vassal state to a Christian kingdom as well as Castille doing
its best to control even more profits from inside Granada even after heavily taking them. These were
also a big factors in the fall of Granada.