@oe0e002002 08288 GFT H9CC8SHSHSHHOHOSCSBHSSHHHOHOH SB; LARIGATION 1. Intorduc tion to Torigation 2. Walker Reduixements of Crops 3 Desgo of Canal 4 Analysis of Gorowity Dams 5. Theories of Seepage ow pot yase® 6. Misceltancous©0F0F09HTHCHHOBHHOCHHOHFH99HTH9R999R9R9R9R9R9HHHHSH* acy Grp reqwires Certain amount of water ok seyloy iOkz vel thmughout the growth Prod, ot desired hime sv that the Grp Moy attain Kall. maturity SF is on Grta Natuarl wainfull 76 both timely A Sullrerent then inrigation fociliies Ove nok 7eaurred to be diyetoped Ino. AwPital Coun Hike Toca Doinfoil 7S bots insulberenk and iyveguls OF Nob ney theatfore ivngation Fati|ttes ove Teauizt) tobe develop Water Reairement of imp may Not be full-fined by Dabugos DHF jn Suth lase irrigation Facilibes Ore Veayirtd by be developed 0 trot exactly thok Much amount of Woler Muy be Supphied tothe tmops Tewired for pehit¥ing Moxi mum CUIb yo Hon° ° Rice Wheat ° khooif a : Monson ~~ ) 3 (June ~ sept) (Nov= Masih, . : ° bye ivy aa | | L ° : cult vob Sowiy auttiveiy . Henge Tevigntin may be defined ag StAvtifical opphtaron of Wotey at desired Tnkerwal for Specified ducnbin , tomghout the arrowth period of the mp So Os ty aHoin full Matus? NOTE Class:ficabion of Ove based on Deki trenly oF Notun Rain fol! eeeoeooe080 8009000 Avid Ch) | Semi hod (Zea bey) These are the Orta ,whese for | These art the aria whee dulhiva® Caltuation of any tye OF —|~-tion of infeaies Cayps Can be dom © Covp Tornpabion Ts Must Without iTagation, but fr ane? ® sotmaining Cops isngabon i$ Taw éx- Thor, Kacehh a a ° Leh Ladakh soo gene, Kur, TH. te @ ° To fevive Csvps These ae Yhose Coops ushrth tan be Guth vated © : ° in iMferioy Condition algy. Héae infesios Londen correspond, — > Poot Duality oF Sort &.- Giin , pues e — Less Gvoflubiity of Waker e@ e ‘; : * These inferiog Cmps Snows low yield 4 Hin Sucide Rate ® e Advantages of Trrigation A e at j “ips Non ' x 7 yelping 10279U KON FUbilrbes, 9X Obimining maa yield :~ Sinde by PMCIWPITA 7 We Con Supply enact thak Mush amount of water Whith "s reauire by bothe Group, Mox Yidd i's obtoinad Note Vietol = Cult wb (tonne) DV hoe = tot me Anta hact | SEliminaion of Mixed Lorpping. | Ceouscy oF 2 oF more reps together in the Some Held Ol the Same me js lalled Mived Conepiny Mrqed Cmnpig hos following Drwbatks —= Mow Yield Canpol be obbnined from éntize Oot dL ary yen time + Ak the Lime of horwesting diffeetnt Comps Will get mixed hens they movKeL Volun Suality is Teoluded Thuchere ivngation helps i0 elimina bigy mired covpping Vvevavg, Lhok mush ammount of water Gin be SupPlied to GmP that is e e e @ e @ e e @ e e e e e e e @ e e @ e ; sequind for its mou Yield e @ e ° @A TMPRVINg Domestic Waley SUPP) Devaopmmint of Fengatiod facts in on arta ‘helps in iMereasing | suppoating fre walter Supply in neos by vines r tnble oF and trvns where other sources of Water's not auailnble of there's Stamecity of Water x Cene-sation of Hychn -Clecbave Power” tol from Wore Cheapes power Genembion (09 be Obiale ‘ ‘ itngot'on Aeveoprent Payjets Paimarily designed Por ivnga & focilities_of (mm unilo bon Tornigotion thonnel O07. grey Protivled with embmnk —menk and infection Brule Which lonnelts asa More of Gmmuni Cation asp 4 Mforestahon Trees ove Jenernily Yawn vlong the bunk of Chonnel whith inUrtaces the Proprstion of frcen lover & vlsy helps in Tels ity the so Ervsion SSCSOCOHHSAXAAKHFZDXZOZ00 000090000 A optimum Benefits. + Guntol Pov Spevityeoeoevveavuesanseoveeoeeoeeneovneaenoeaneeoaaoeeod Disoduon taxes oF Ligation *Torigtion may lend to Cetation of Wek Chimotic tond iv Whith results m OMbink Frwth oF Mosaui tos } mic OManieM that intecaces He WSk OF WUltx boene diseases © Sitensive Terigabon Moy Jeno to watea legging 28-00-20 IF woteris aphid Over 2 Daaicultuzal Hild tren Ceatain trribiog je (ost dite by Seepyye ke Ubimo ily jivins GW FTL this Pavcess Continuous for few Suceesive Years ,then Grup —dwotes table level iAtriases ond if it veachet uply Wot Zone Whi, will 7eSutt in Choking Of Poves Present in the wots that ase responsible for ‘Aeration, henls garwkh of the Cavp is — finol WL Spiel WITL % inde jndiah Sojis Ure deFecrent in NitMAeAL, ik 1S Supplemenked by addition of fextilizers ( UReo! Ne CoNH,) whith Olorg wits Wotey Seeps Upto the Giv lat] these by itotases the Lonlentnbion OF Nitmte in TE° FTP ARS Grn woes fs used fer comvswic Puapese it may leod @ 4 Mothemno giobernemin. Type of Porigation Toryation rs broadly Llassifitd iDby 2 types I) Surface Tovigotion i) Sub Supfile Trnyption T) Supt Tavign tion Tn this method Woleg is Oppied over the Suvfan ond Agroto\ kurro} Feld oemeins 10 wet Condstion Teis fur they cluseify as ) Flow TFrngavion 1) lif Pymigobion i) Flow Tovgaton Vhin the Water 1S ovajloble at higher Jevel Gnd iLis Suppl @ Poles teuel by the dtbion oF gravity: then rbig termed os Flow : \rM%ation i : ° @ fred &y Some Methunicol OF monyal means® e@eoeo00000990092000880 i) Lift Tovigation TE the wotes FS Fi cd as ih ° Ond then Supplied Fr invdgotoo es Cee lira cL e @ Of tube Well, ofeo well, for SUPplYing Tor 4ption Wakes Foils Use of 2 ° 50 tis Cae ony @CHOCSSHHSRSSEBHSHSHHSHOHSHHSHSOHSORSSOHSHOCOAEOEHE Fow ivigation Res her Classified as. 8) Pevennin) Torygakion B) Ftooul Tarigation 8) Pewennial Tevgabo ( Gootoiled Trrgalivn) Th this syskm of Traigation Gostonkd loninupusly Waker supp 15 Dscumed to the Caves iN Otbralunte with the veduireMenk oF Gwp Unamghout the (arp Period and is oma DS Gn)n)le) Targiahon On unis System water fe supplied Errugi, Lana Distribulion Systern Fak ng off from a receravors ob O Weir Pesinnin) Teration js fuathes classified os 1. Divect Trsgation 2) Stomge Ton gobion Wwhyn Tarypabion is olone by diveaing tne viver Mundt joo the Main lanol by usieg ivession hundwovk lea- Weir, boerge) Ow Ss the iver jb Ts HoMed OL distee Tengation TE O porn ig ConStructee] 000055 Phe Biler to‘Stooe the Wwote; duaing monssoon

When the land Soil is ena ssively Peamvable OF highly impesmuble Sinte w this Cate ate of supply don be Coptedled in highly Pesme Obl Soil it Con be indrtoted and low Permeable Soil it bon be Sur tably reduced o> When the land is rxqulay Bm Suh Cote sinte other Curkate method oF P'stosbubiod of wales is nok Suitable , SPriakler mithod r6 Used Tig mathod is PrefPesod iF these is Orb ceny oF cworcity of Waker However if Ind 1s iFrequlors A wokr rein exkecs tee e me flooding method 1S avlopbed © 5 When Woler tab i's high . Sinks this Coe gnle of water supply Con be Contovltedl ib ig ducd te such an ea\nt , Eo be used vf) Cowps fot Unity o croton serpage W08Ses which ‘redlided “Une leroy © (079ng. ° wpaen OTe oma 18 Suvh hak Sto8vna) -Waler reauiveMmunt is @ apo such as neay Coasts: ig Stax When the Wale 1s OVoilnbe with aifeally Aye Gee — When tro OnvP +r be amon ast Suth Of bb © OS ty rtquine humidity Gobel . Lovp having Shalw vols. * Cop reaurring high anol freauent irngabion Toe of SPrink Jer Systan “these Systems ae of Pritaring type i) Permanent NSkem Tn pesmoncnk System .Pites are Pemoneny bym'td (ko the Soil in Sueh a Wor tot the do nok jdterferc With the forming operabiuns ij Sem; —Peomantrt System Ta Sem Permonenb sycem the morn lines are buried! 10 gerund with loktels Use portable] Mende ii) Portable system Tn Postable system the main aS weil a8 lokeow Pres Ue Patabl. Portable Advontage ehh psovvonlages OF SPainKler Sy chem 4 Seepage losses whith oCeur in Carthen chonnels of SuofL® | o ivngaton are nok obseryél hire eeoeeeeeo08308089000998209909983930o Lon \eveling is Nok eau ree) © * Tr offers high efficia Bo-G5/ @ 4 - ty ( i ) e@ ~ TEES lecs Jabous oriented o* Tt Feaches down the Salte A Prtvint ‘the Wotey waging 3 - Sahinney oF son ® at Foti Can be unifamly opplied in this Case by mnig ikin ® IVjotion water only e e * Tt Patents the Cavston of Soil @ FTES Suitable for all typ of Sort A vil types of topogmphy . Disodvontaays KSINCE powts_L Techpilal \onowledge 7s Waurred 7 More Lys e Z @ Method paves Cosel ox bee High wind may divrat the Potters of Distiby linn : * Tn ama of high ump J. high wind Velocity €VPorahion losees e RF fomporriti vey Most @ & Fi Gauses intertferents in fasming oPernbon L ey Thy Gee Not Suited for Yhe Crops reauiring Preautdlore depth of ingption ex Rile ; © * TMhitiol Cost of installation PS wey high © 4 A Constant water supply is needed for this Method mes Quality oF irmgation Woke TeIyird 10 this Case ComPonitive beter (frre fm susrentled colds) Spas te Ovid dhocKn of Pipes ee0002) Doi , : ip arabe | Prckle Torigotion “ 1 " E : “TEison ovbifiiw) Subsustrer method of isngolion in © Which Water i¢ Oppyed draeey into the Cvs Zone with td ‘the heip oF pew pipes A Pex fo-va lives. eo) * Tn this (ase eVaPrmation A Pertombion (vsses are Neal gig henu its etFicienvy °S Voy high Fv-954) ® A Sine Goek involved in thig Cate 76 alsy Mose, 1E'S NOE sy @ Porulos in Tadian Sub lootinent Cory of Tar tion Wotey unity of ivnyakion Wales 75 rHtPreseoled in Hams of ‘lowing Poe bers i) Suspended Soliols @eoe02e090900009 ” The elfee of Sediments Present in irngebon wouter derinds @ Up bqpe of irrgakd and type of Solids . + when fine sedimnunts from water Chaving Wy, p, 3) ink © obtained for eavsivn of Sedimentaoy tes) is dlemsited ing sandy sal its Feetility iS impr ved ° ak Howe Very iF (arvse Sedimats from wotes (how deficient, @ oF Nps and obtoind trim Omsin of Wpoeous “roew ) is Aeposited 70 Spil fr Moy Deduce the fertNity of smiToto) Gacentmyon of Soluble Salts “ Ae ee “tenemmiy Salts of Caltium, Magnesurn Sodium O Pots age | Prtsentin iergohivn woke thak Prves by be haze fall for the Grit of bavps os if tray tart in entess Prey ltod tv O) Brus ty the ConPs b) peduice pe oSmrosie o6mobe atl viby c) Chote the void in wuts henle effets Oembon % The lonteotmbin of Soil iD Water js Nok of muh lonterno} but Gne of Salls in Soil +%lubon is Moze Conlern Os With Hie Passngy Of Hme these Salts yes de posted iA So!) anol eltats the Jt oF Coops. & Concentmbion of Salis ¢0 Soil Solution rs Frum by G, = Salinity (ont. of Svil Selution Q@ = Ouontity of Wotes oppred Guz Cunsumphn Use of Water Re= usefull /ehechve Ron fall C = Gnteohution of salts iN iTnyabey wWoker Note CR Gone of calts if Rain water Tr obove cauutivn, Cone of Salts in Rain water is Dok Conseco. TE it iS Gnsiclertal then Ge CQ4+ Ce Q+R-WmA Tl tot Cone of Salis ~ Foo mall iis hag bal For Sonne Planks bub if its Went is More thon 2ov0 matt itis hoxmfuyt tb all Coops NOTE a. Salts (one. 76 olep ‘mearured in ltrms vb Cleckssaal Gnduehy® e@ee0000) VY OF Waves TY feof Woks ond ts Sultobilihy foy iPagabon Type of Wolter Lone. OF Sols Lah O51 1D ‘) Low Salinity Wolter (Ci) l00-260. ii) Medkurn Salinity water W50-Fov. ii) High Salinity Wolter G ) Js0 - 2950 W) Very Sigh Sobinnty (6,) 72250 ° @ e e e e @ e e e e e e e e i) Low Salinity Water (6) — Tt tom be used fo vmgotien OF olny —St all type of Gil eopect cacept For Spil oF cakemedy iow — @ Jeomenbility ° fi e ii) Mecham Salinity Water (G) ~ Con be used iP a mocleomte : aman’ oF leaching is Poo vided of Nomol toltmnt Plant (an e also be Jon : e e e NOTE Leaching —TL is the pmtiss in whith unter is odded! tthe, Soil, So thot the Salts Present 7 Spi may Jet Arssrol 10. ° and davinaloutiith the helP of Sudhore/Sub Suto. Drain esalt Se “ wv OO ~ Gemvarhares ii) Hiep Salinity water (Cs ) Canppt be ustd OP Sri] With Testicle cbrrinnge Ww) Veoy high Salinity Waker (G,) T tris pvt suitabn for the Tan¥abion NOTE Tovigation — Awifitin) /vatum) Opphcoien of Wales to Fosm 19, PM Utltuse — Te is the Scrtnle duols Qowrh of rps and Vivestorks Cromestic Animal ust id Pg rca lhe) Facmirg — TIS an Activity] Business ©o Which We Grow Coops os breeatng of livestoers iif) Peocentage of Sodium ions he other Cationg (2:7 NOVA. @02eeeo8e2Geeaeoeaeeaeeeeeoenoeeend e + Ceenecaly Gor) Galaing Gann and Nat ions ATE the pra alage of Nat ion is 4 5% OF tolol trchongdy, Gatton th rs tovaoble Ae XL of Wat incatases abut 10/ folowing Oharyes ave induad i Sui) —= TH intrtases pH of Soi) — > Tt Reduces the ptamesbi lity of Spt 3 Ft aibrecrses—* TE inorcases the Plosbeity of Soft + The Poopystion of Nat jon Prtsentin Sol is Foray Mensured & Prmmedey tamed a5 Sotium NbsSoxPhrn Raho (sna) Spr = Not tear + gh Htoe — Cencenteotion of these. Cabrons in bess of meplig Clossifilo tion of Fsrigation Wolerd uses on boas of SAR o| ° ° Tyre of Water SAR ° Low sodium Wates (5) O-1D. : Medium sodium Water(5) Io1B. - High Sodium Wokea( S3) 18-26 e ° Very hugh Svohum Woley 4 DLL a Low Soolium Water (S,) - Tt lon be useol far Tongation of : almost ail Soils kk for all Cops Cacepe those Which bre highly @ Sensitive tv Sodium (ex Stone fruit Totes.) | Medium Sodrum Water (S.) — TES nvt Sut ble Fre Fine Leatucre) Spi) Whidh May Tei re GYPSUM Prox to jes ae ake og@eoeeseeeeeees ee eeoeoeeeaaneoeaoeneaeaneaeaoaeaeaeoeeoe NoTE Sa type of Water 7S treaped with GYPsum Pros to it Use OS it helps in svedutny Concentmbn of tathomble Nat 4 oe Aso, +2Nat———» Na, Sv, + av Now, Spr = —lnot | T But why re a only ole 9 type water] why not gdg Casa, + na) Na, So, + a) Were Sa fonkerigeh baveded bo Sp type woler but Se | Jet (onveded Fev Co GIG, dus be high Gypum —51/$ S 2 Casu, + comey “ mS, + oe oN ii) High cod:um Woter(G,) ~ TE Proves hovm Ful For almost O) Lype of Soils Ado rewire Good daninoge fer Heoahing Ww) Very High Sodium Woteds,) — Not Suitable far irnga hon Clossthiaton oF Soline L Alkaline Soils Note Hése Cone. of Sodium wrt tobal txthang'bk Cations is ePatsenkd in beams of Exthangible sodium Perentaye [es p] Classi fida tion IEC Lmho/em Esp pa Saline Svil > hoo 41 Z (white Alls) vo | £85 i ie Aikuline Soil/Codke sui] ve a eae Nuon Saline Sof/Bous Sol _ i aati sul }ne. nti) oul >hoop SI5 285@ Duestion- Whok is Une flussifitalion of Trigahion ubler having® Fling Pests ° e Not = 44 Mey) L 7 Gres 6 mar |i ° o mg? = 18 may) . ° Electo(o| Gordluch vity of Ehit Waker by Divivnie Kesler by @ be zsv Mmhe gk gue ° 2 e Aise Lommrent upon Une Problem whith maz be fated if ths ue | FS usted fo ivegation and Sug yes. the Remedies. e e i) gg - [%s] ‘ Melton] FE my \ ewe ° 2 (+(£ ° a ° SAR= dwlp ZI = © 7 = ho = e| E> 30 4B (onan) = G) : Henle this wow is C.-5, Woler ° e W) TE ens unter rs used fer ington Tt would eit Check osmotic bulunce of Plant , Would reduc decane Copacity of Rooks leads ty injusy tv plont . . : ; : ti) Te use tis Worer For Jraigeton Prior leaching muse be Cone ‘ ° elv) Jp. J BiGsbon ate Gocentoa tion @ ® ® High lone. of ilesbonnes of Gx?*, eae ‘resulks iD e : : Precépitarson of ta>t b Ma? Uneveby iNerensing tre relobve © —Prpoation of Sodium in da sing Souium hyza ods. @ Not : 4spRr= [nor] Tay omy oe) Cone. of Tonic eae 2 e@ 7 eo * exe Elments like bown, Selenium Gre Present in lorgt “IPN Water (Soap Lonter of Consish of eats of ban) XOntentmbion of born above 03 mglt may Prove to be tone for Gatoin Pints b its Gneentration above Am 1S tone fer oN the Plonts eoeoevenvunueeeoe20e0e0e02 020208 8080leeeeeeseeeseeeessOeeeoH2902899908 WATER REQUIREMENT OF CRop oe EVtxy Gop seauired & Covain Ounlity of Waker ofley a Fixed inberve Yrmughoul Fes peviod uF Gomwtn *& Hente water Teduirement of Cop S™gMIFies the btal Duan bity Gnd the way In Which a Cmp remixes WMLer thortghont JES. period of Yor, if Sem 350m Whom pEtImM ~WSLm | |v Nov 5 Feb Here Woles Reaurement is total 34-5l0 at egurdy Regulus iNteova) i9—3moddths. of 2-3 wteks |) Crp period (2) The time lopse frum the instant OF [ES Sowing ty the 1D Stant of the vay of (wp 1s kermed 08 Cop Pesiog F Crop Pexiod = 3 month lo Nov 5 fth Sowing Hoove shy2) Buse Pesiod (B) The ime bl the T5* Wakeving OF u CwpP AL the Lime Of iES Sowing to its [ask ww ering before havesting is Glied Buse Pesiod 12 Nov Base 28 Jan. Pesi ool ———Carop-Period cccee lv Nov B-feb Sowing Haavesting + Coup period is Slighty More thon Base Perivd but for al) Pemctiisl PusPoses je fg taken Some * TEMS also teomed OS Growth Period 3) Dellw of Crwps (A) Every top Teamined a Covtain Omount of umler after p ° Certain Fited intesva) OF bite , Ebmughot ibs goth Pesio? =| # The Depen of Woes reaqy pred every Hime geocanlly Vanes? @ bw Blo Gn depenrding Upon type vf Sor) type oF CrP A type of Climote ¥ This Wokg is sequined ot on iNkervol of [teamed os Foceuen yy ) 6-15 dayseeoeeeeseeeS ee eeoeeeeeondee2OGOSGGOOE * Hone the tofu) Guamiity Can be expressed in teams oF depth ot Volume) of waley aewired by Une Covp fos irs full Gawler, (Motuviry) j6 Lermed OS "Delia ” + Ay Opprximole Volue of Della of Difftxenl Cops in Trdio ore og follows Cap Delta on fietel (9) * Sugos Cane 100 F Rice | 120. i Fouits _ Go sets | Vegetables | A [% Wheake ib Ap ne Bosley otf 0 Peas \5e Quesvien- TF Rite rewind Inst d4pHh of lee UE UN ous interval of Olu 1 Bays ond Crop Provdl Fox Rite 6 by if where required Fem of water ofles lor days Wwhéeore "4 She bose Praivd of Wheod 5 [ov doy 5 every 29 doys and Find the watvof J of Arce. tv wheat fou Rice , Freqquaney of Trngotion = Ula IN times Tole) Depth of Wakes seine A= NS A= \26-5(m for Wheat Freamen by = 182 = § Limes 15 Totul Depth of Wale Required = YF > 42cmAka _ pet 265 = 35 A wheot Ar 4) Duty of Cop (D) Tis—dofinglas—the—Volu-me—o fn be eeoeesoged TE rs defined Of the Number of hettooe of land ara © Irrigated for given (mp for its full g-mwtn by SUPP OF § 1 msec of Umber onbinusushy ducing tre entire bute & Period of the Cp Volume of Wakes applied tv bne Cap Gu Buse prnvd of Bduys ak mic @AmYsec =V. = 1X BX24xb60x%6y = Bb400 B rm? Assuming Mil types of Ipscses tobe Zew Vand = Vitored Shoo B= Area tv be ivnigated (D)X Depth oF woter, vewyetd for Full grower of bwplA) Boum B= AXD D= Bé400B] __(wt/eurmec ) A p= 6 a Bi} —Chact/ cumec )A= 9642 om og A= BOB om D D Puy Pppm Value of Duty for tndion carps Cop Duty boct/cume _Sugor Cone 420 jee FRC oth A Wheat (Bu0 ee | a000003080208800 S- 0Ck-2p 6 Ouestion Find Ve foro Crp wher ibs Daly 1928 hoot] éumee on © the fitid Lhe base praia of bis mp 16 115 days, ° e De BB = Bb4xIe — 545mm e D 1928 ° e Duty at Various places ° ° ° Rives (yh ata 2 Z : IF | . Real Perlolatim losses | e = 7 = / E wre © ; win) E Minow vr on . | | (gel . Distribuory| 47 i aon : putes Fiera| + Ip Fenigation System Wober from Saryce T1005 into Ve main Canal, foom moin lana) inv the bench Conv), frm bath nol intone Disk obuk From Diskoi bub (Ob the Minor © oo : (ona) , from iPr iD} D tne Walder Cource of fittd Chunnol, from _ ied chonnel finalyinto be Fieto) ° eo utes from cnr Pink to Onolher Point © due to CVarban lin ad x Pricey En'e Passage of 10 iprigation $ wal gation Syska luss of Water . Peviolation take plote, tamed aS Tra nsnission| Fninsit) @ Convey once Losses # ADs we rove Gheod in ivnigabion sychem from Head to main lapol tothe head of eld. Length of flow of wuler in Lhese channels Ttdutes , which in tux vedubed the tonsm; ~ SSion Losses 4 Henle Phe ovaitobility of water for ianignlin iNreases thre by for Some A, more rata (on be ienguted Wenle © e Duty indweases . NoTe ° Duty of Water , therefore. Varies_ ftom one Plate bo another ® plate and indrtases as we muve downsheam frm htod © ° DE the main Cann) tewords the head oF booth of Water ° Course °‘The Duty ak heod vf woles Cowse OF OULeL of Minos istermed ag outlet Discmosye fortes @ Note OATH OULEE point 7% the Print What the Fes pontibin'tits of iveigohion departmmt tan finishes and it belomes the WSponsibin'ty of individual former to Carry the WOley this fields beyond this Pink Note * Th lise of Flow) Direct isvrigation , Duby Fs olwous CaPreSéed OS feta [Discharge (ea hott) cume ) Te is tamed vs Fow Duty 08 Duty Bur. tp tase Woke i¢ Start (Strmge. i sngabion) Duty 7S eapsesced in tesms Df Osea Peg Unit Volume “of Wer QvoilOble 19 WWSeovoiy for ivngabion (ex-hout/ 4m?) This type of Duty is ttrmed OS Ouantity Duty of Stomge Duty Factor lfecting Duty J. Tyre of Crop A Coop vequyring move water will hove less (wumge of area fos sume Muantity of Water being supehed os Compareel tothe Omp vemiving less whaler \ Hen puby will be Jess for a Cop whith Needs Move Woler And ViSa -Vissn| 2) Type of Soi) TF the pemtnbi ity of Lil Undey iergakvo is hiyh Woley IoSs due ty Protolotion Will be move und went. duty wil) be less and Wsa-Vioso 3) Usefull Rainfa)) Ty Some of the Coees if Useful wmiOfoll %% moxe hente Cesvin demand of wates of Comp is Fulfilled by jk, these b Move iron woles 7s Evarable Whith Powvides highey Duty 4) Climate and season As duty includes the wokes less in CVaremtion ond Prat, © ~Dbon ° These testes will Var7y 10 diferent climatic (ondihion, di fe : Stason, and diff days of Pavh'lulus Seasons i ° Henle move is the [oss due to higher temp Cevaposnbion |S) @ 7¢ Phe Du ° Jesces 76 Phe Duty : 5) Effeciinty of Traig ation ° oF higher is the efficienty oF ivrigation lesser 1Sthe Iss ° Of Water , Move 15 Hre DVD'labII ty of wots fos oops e a @ thot vesules in higher buy . e e e @Signit Conte of Duty ee © TF area Of the Field 1s tv be itrgpted dnisknmon one Puy OF Woter Vorous Covps i$ alse Knows thon vule Ot Which need 1 be supply Con be Caltulokd eo Q= Avta hock Cumea Ee “Race camer +o Discharged Required by the Coop is ker 4 buly Of Water fr Vorivus comps fs Uls» know the Oot of Fred Gan be Coltulated A ChowJ= Q ltumec) X D (hore /cumec) Methods fos Tm pang the Duty of Water eoeeecesenn0even C+ pikvline 1 should be perrraly Jeoched o— VSe of imped Methorls of Tanga tion ©, fond tobe Used Must be Jevelled as fax as Possible a Fietds should be peopesty Plough ed behre OPPHlation of @ Water © __, Adoption of Solution of Cops — the Stusce of Trrigation watts Must be Selected within e the prescribed |i mit @_ sy \i Efficient method of Opp talon of water Must 5 be ddopked (pop Tongan, SPxnKler Ingo’ ) e— By lining vf Gaal—> Fre flooding Must be Ovoided Pasi cunuov! os ea Seasons #9 India ) KHARIF SEASON (June -sept)/ Summer Season Ride, Cotton, Jowos , Baym 2) RABI SEAS on (Wov- meren) winter Season Wheat Gimmm oil Seeds 3) ZAI SeAson (Proii June) Fruits Veqeto bles 4) PERENNIAL B> 2o0days Sugas lone When Coop required Woler for its Cop Seasm Unc ols» Fes Scie tine 1h the begining of the Neat Carp Sarton PrivVision hostv be mpde Fos this vdllionot Water /oVerlap jt js lermed 0s Ve nine Ailowance Ladd ee ee ee ee rr rr rr@ee2G88282808H8FHGHKHHHKHHHHHHHOTDHDHOHHRHHHHOOE 4-1) -99 Crp Rati Awea Roti | khavif-Rabi Ratio © The oxen bo be imrigated for Raboj Cov is Jeoceally move. Yon thet of khavik (ae OS Della for Khavif leprs more This bv of Props arco of Khasif Season b vk of Ri Seadon tv be ivngotel 7% Lalled khtrait Robi sy ATS Vole 19 Zercrmlly 25 ( Ae £05) Fe Paleo Posigation B initia) stages befwc the 2rP 7S Soon the Firtd is voay ohy whith 1s Generally found at the Lime of Sowing of Rabi (‘pue ty) 05 oF Stptembes month Soil is may be bev Ivy tobe. sown au) Ty Suh lave foil (6 MorStustd with Woke So BS b help iM the sowing of the (we ik ig kemedus Pole Traptivo Koes Wokevi ny The firse von tering whioh is Jivtin to a Crp , When the Corp ic few Cm n/n 7s lalfed kor Woteviag Tk 1g USoully Mor SINE woksing Followed by other ouontering pl usual Inkrfal as Teaiaed boy Ure Corps Base Period pe ; =n CoP period poo%» Kon pesied — DiSuhuage 1s peak +The cptimum depth of Prre Watering fer chffeaent erp ont diffe Or- for RVG = 19m ° for Wheak — 13.50 : oe The Pesiod Witte Perio) for whith Kor wontening it Fs done Th istenmed as Kos Period © ° ae TE Uris kos wolerng jg Not record 44 the plone at clesjzxJ © Hime period the Plant Sulees Signifilant loss fos RG Kwa Period — 2- 4 Weeks for wheat key Peaion! — 3-8 Wreks Cash Cups én laser) A Cop whith has te bectesashed in the Market fer pPrvlecs OS FH lannot be Linares dirtetly ‘by Ye Cullvotwr 75 em © teamed 0g Cash Cop Ex Ta, (olen, JU, Sug Cane... ete 4 Dil the Non foo Comps oe fot}uded in this Cotegaoy The food Gor, Ox€luded form this het list (& wheok, m2& : CoP Ration When Ure Same Grp ig Gown ogoin agpin over the Period OF time in ume ime the fablity of the land pe otiuled os Sm betomes deficient in Speake typeof Mubreints oe have Acoumutae entese of oliffermt type of Nubpr tats ‘Tn opder ty enhunte the fistility oF Smt and fomke the SPH FegQaIn ES briginal Staulure HEIs pebessory by /URer Ollow the Jand to lie idle/-faliod oF Fmw Some other type of Crp which Complement Ure Previong Crp.” This method of Jrwing diffeetnt & (aps if Rokotin Une Her the anobhey jn Game Fitld iS termed aS Corr Robotivn for 4 Foley tarps One Suggesled tv be gmwn in Rotation — Rilke Gam —> G}wm- Juod — 4%m — Whtat -Jaor ~ draro Danigotion © Ficienty Efi ciendy of doy Sycrem depends 00 Dut park inPut of Porm e—'er (wots in our (ase) in volved! COR CCHOCSCOSHOOCHOHOHEHBEH HEHEHE Het i 6S the Doho of out Put Water to Phe input water © As Dittestnle OF oukprt Wy Nopuk Wold 75 termed As © 105505, Harte higher Oot the Iusses of wotty jesser i's the OFA cieN ee ey : 4 oe Losses of waterRiver > iCienty oF WOler veyonle ) EFFiC ty of Covey Ths the pub: of Water deliver! iN Phe Fidel form the Outtel Point to the Water toléring into the Moin Channel ae its Staning Point ae ve 190 Tris eli ciendy tes 10% ACLount Conveyonte losses. S®eeeea Coe eeoeoseeaeoesoenn09202092009900 2) Ebficeenty of WDler app)jtation Thig the Rabo of Tuanhly of wales Stovtel ite Yre wey” @ came zone of Ure Coops $D Pre Aunphily of Woter auuolly dive ° toed into the fred Vax Vaz yoy a °Vaz > Quantity of oles Stored wok Zone This eHictenty aetPacsnis Runovlf Losses tae 3) Efficitn oy oF Woles Stomge TW is tre ato pF water Storéd iM Yhe BE Zone. Auviny Fvrigation tothe Woes rtanired 1 he TUE Zone Prive to the ivngatron No = Nee nippy RRz Vega = Duuntity vk wWoler BEAM etl MN Yhe BOL Zone pefnrte ipmygation. Te represents the @tkent OF hocking oF voids 19 pout Zone A) ETFiCienge of Waker vse Peis defind OS thetic of Wales benef Cally Used by the Cavp fu its Zr (inting Jearshing water aeauireemen bere Suopkity of woker delivered Nua = Me X\o9 Vs Vu Volume of Woler beretrGolly Used fr Emre Grrl 5) EFFICI eney of Wakey DiStribubyn /uniform Coetftitnt This ellicen iy Te Pecsents the bnleok to whith the wales hos Wstnbuled) Lenebnted to 0 Unifeem depth Yovughout the fred TES piven by Nay = [I- ,) 20 d= p= Mian dep of Woler srracd unity stage ed. | POSOHHHSHHHSHHHHHHHHHHHHHHSHHSHHHHHSHHHOEna = (Sam D= Mann depth of waler stored during jsngabun d= Avg of obsdule Value vf deviation of depth of Strny, frum mean (0) D= 24d elPtioele tha = hm 6 ol= ]2-ra] + }t9-14} + | ko-\-4) +] 1514] +] mre 6. d= 04 i eo Na=(\ - vo =(I “a5) oo = 88.22% _ Queston- A skrtiom of BEA sec boos divested fom a Lonel @ : tothe firtld and axa vf to ®& Mtoe /gce weot delivered to the 58 hottose Was ivreapd M Bhy. The Qeehve depth-of wle Tom is Ltr. The Runwlf bss in Ure fidd Ferlol wos sont Thedépthof Waley Pinirahon vanitd Ryn 14m othe hood of feild @ Im at by of betel osere Lr Avofloble maishune wa ae appa. city of So) 1S 2olm)m dep Of Sosy Ths weayryed to find all the isngpbion oy AScumyin iTaiguon was Shogted wk a Moistuse CaPrhiy | Vevel oF Aoz of Bvailubls mothice ond Ietchi ng Aw rma 5S Doom Salt DN = ae xo = we x00 = Bor 5D i) Na Vez = 386 oy = Bo-4a 4 Vy Zhee v SuPPled 19 vlume of Wakes SuPPled = JXBX bok b0 = 3156 wm? fitd @ Bhr loo Runoff Lvsg in Bap feild = 400m : Volume of Unter Stora 0 Spek Loy = 3056 m3 wot Jone a = Vee y = 3056 = 498 bY = TRE x10 2 Xyo0= ( go cu Neg Moisture Hobhng PLY — 99 MLq = 34cm oF Hit Moistuat Holdieg lo pa City befre = 34 yOb= 204em cere : ee Vepa= 32600 Adolitionol Wales rea) red 10 “Bt Zope. before irmgahion (Vere) = 20% HIG L102 BoseNas (I- 8) s00 = (1 238 rors F407 1-36 Do FH = 135 em 2 d= [et-h35) +1135) 2 sem, Alcina ea) 7 _ WNL = Nu sto. = 3206 pipe Gh 210 Vs B45G Nu= 3066+20 = O86 =3256 B- @eNoV-20 Evo potenns pinion / Gosumplive use(G) 7 = Concumptive Use may be defined as Omount of BWoler Uled jn the CUapo tson go mtion Fioman Geta undey VoRaHOD Plus Uhe Wale Used by Ure Plank in thei metabolic Porlese far buitding up oF 9 Nubaents. New bSsues © e Sie Gunnlity of woler euired by te plank for its Metmbo}e © otiviny is Vey Ieee ib Fe nega Hel ond Concumptive use (d.) ® Stoke emal te (a Po tonsprration( Ez) Evopotranspiration 7S the Fetal amount of Waker used by the Pont mm trnsPmbon of the Plont and tvapymbon from adjustont Soil oF any Other walea body (79 tose look Jrmut @ 19 woler) e@ooeee ok ht Values of eVoprtmnsprntion/Gnsumpbve use my be © Uiflescot Fox dient Grps Brit may be ai sent for Some ; Covp ot aiff time ond Ploce @ ok The tensprition 1s defined OS tre Prrtese (1D) which water leaves e? ely, Plant ay Photwsyn thesis thmugh it's leaves to Cnter 8 the ateno sphere fix its Grown by the Parkes of Phobrsynthesis oe Sine teonspiantion OCouys during Pept doy light houss jks e TSS eylent iS Observed dusing photo synthes.s © ON Yhe DYherhe hond CVaPommbn 1°s Conkingus Uoomughout Ure @ olay ono night #* Tronspimbon Irsces Nob only clk pends on auoiloble Sun fight | but ulsp depend Upon the aVailoble morstust. : # Dilferenk Plant will hove diffécnt veount of o water ond henle nei water Consuming Prorecty will be difleeenk here ones 1 Stondaahce tL £6 Beported in kams oF Ten Toonsmaattion Ratio [TR) Fonspimbion Raby definad os moe of Wuler trnsPrtd by Piont tothe moss of doy Molter porte! ofles its Full drut tee tal mass of wokey Tron Sfind by Plank Muss of Dry Matter Produced @0200020000080900808808“ToansPimtion Ratio Wheat - Bvv~ bou (oyj- 45°) Rice - 600 ~ 800 [pvg- Foo) Toonspimion io lab *s Jere oy Measuved using Phy tometer ® e ‘This 15 most Widely used rvthod Whit Cinsct of o Closed ond 2 Wales Hype took fontavring Subficitob Sor to numsh Ube Phote @ Wolters rs Upphitd to it DvtiFecially Over tre Froth Perioul of bee Pint Gnd trongermtion i¢ mesygco! og follow , +M—™, T= THMSPi THON M, = Trial Moss of Instrument: Ms Toto) moss of water Oddled aluctng Tes Full growths @ M, = Fool moss of the Thstument e ° The TESUIE Obtwined frm thic Method does nok nabey with ie OF atta aS Crag fitid Gindition Conroe Stimuly Jed e Monover Sertened Sheller Qoe vbstsved ty 3 ve rhe Lower Resu)t NOTE . When SulfitienE morstuae Freely OVor'loble -40 Completely rer Phe needs of plant fos Cvuprmbon & kmnsprabvg 5 Hamed OS Pokprol EvaretunspmtionHowever the orkiol ummnt of water use fox Lis Purpose. re = terres) ie 98 Actuol evopotmnsProtin e@ PET depends upon — Climobe fakes @ ; RET Depends Upon — “Type oF spl L rrp or per 19 fith) Con be Meosured using device i$ kesmed ag @ Lusi metey @ > . i 5 : E fective Roinfar) /vsofult Poinfoil (Re) | 07 © A Poxtion oF Rain falling over 0 Croped wxta durin ing Reso e @ 71 the One 55 utitrsed bby the Omp bo fulfill ves Cua Ev bmnsPr biog @ Xuiv¢mnt e ° “Thee by (t Medudes ierpabon eeaurvement of the Ummp. “The Powtion of awinfoll trotre electvely Used forthe grwth of Coop 5g teamed os USeful Rainfall Re) This Voluenn be Caluutnted by SthStemvtivg from total rwinfl a) Evapowubon b) Deep Pyblation ¢) Runge f = Totu! Roi. i Usehih Roinfar) frm) = Toto! Rainfall (mm) > ayy Rato forte | @02006009080880980008SEE PERE ee ere ne ase Te Heoe Robi OHD fachx Signifits Une Prvtion of Roinfol Used by fhe Plant -for Ep This forter C5) wrt be for a Wide Spred Rain fining over lvvy Osea Bather thon Closed “Onin fanny oves 1€3S Osea A sell minfo (an algo be Found emprstaily as follows i. [REE 86 a5mm] IF R= IMM mont W [Bie 0eR— tom] iF R 295 mln om a8 R= bial Roinfall in mm) Morth 4 ae” yaw” : Rae oe 20 ° Concumplive Tengation Reduiement (cre) ° ° Thot Postion vf CMNSumplile USe Which hos tobe Satay through iTayotio) is Dilad og CTR Ctr= Gi-ReNa Taviqotion Reduiament [NTR) Thot Povtron of lonsumptie Use whith hos to be Soshred by exgation Dlong with loaning sreauimat 15 termed 05 NIR Nre= CIR + Feoening Reaurrement NIR= G ~ Ret leach ing Reaurzement Fiend Trvigaton Requrwmeol (FIR) a Tnaddetion ty NTR Fit Trngation Reairscment takes into Albount Surfote Tunvle (vssec. Fre= NTR -+ Runoll Losces | N= rs x00 Grwss Trngotivn Reauiaemun (GTR) Th addition, to PTR, Gre O40 tokes sOto Ottownt lori Of Tronstt lossea GIR= FIR + Taansit | sse0g N= LR xy azR 2020882 FFT HKHZBEEHHK8HSHTHHHHH9HOHOHHHHOSOHHHE BL:Foe bey Atfetting fonSumpbiye Use ) Humidity Higher iS the humility moe i Waker avviloble in voids OF Dis bende lessor 75 the Vapourisation thereby lesser is the Consumptive use i) Type of soil a 5 lace of Peamenbh Svil wotes CUaporpales easily untae ® on] Dbstoution as Voitls Ove jNkeronneled henle Consumptive @ Use will be Moxe ™ font wee kr kL ii) ToPegearhy of Soil Tn Inte of Virquiog tevpugm hg DS Sustole aato of Fittd Caprsed ty etenogPhere i$ moe Ebée-Fare prose evaPyoabion take plot Henle Ca will be more \ Gusfole x ee BP OUT toi EVM to Pace, Cae S@CGCCAOR9GHOO9ECHO OG OHH A2BSB0SOOS9SKTSSHTSHHSHHHOSHHOHROHOOHRHOHBSHOOHH82® iL Base Period TH the bose Period For Sume CrP iS inbreased then its Gnsy “MPH VE use iS Dlsy incrensedl y) Mean Monthly Temp (‘c) TF Dug femp is mow , Mor is He Bale oF 4 Vafoursytien hin More ig Hhe Lonsumptilve Use of the Lrvp. Question. TE GA Pe for the Periods Bre Shown Coe Jowor Carp Sown ot a Pati ular Iydativn. The Period oF Fmt 1S Gem 16 Ok to 2 feb. Deteamne the NFR OF tht Zp assuming Inok woler 16 Dok vequieed fre Dry Othes Plapoce Carpet” eno pt thot me the CVuprbonsrvahon news of the Csr. Time | Gulrowy| Re(mmy] NER= GeRe oct 16-3) 34 3) 4 Noy 1-30] By 2! 63 pec I-3) | 6h 4 Ug. Jon |-3)] 184 25 Co fb 1-2] to ) In ENTR= Ald. Bm Buse period = l'0 olay s TR for ce) =414 = 397 wn }dog To“Thukse ct Methed to find Concumpbive. use (G.) 7 Concumphiye ute Con also be Final by empyitally by ‘ehmving and © 1. Blaney - (aide Equation 2. Host reaves Class f Pan EVopombon ) Bloney = Cridplle uation Te Staks thu montly lonsumplive Use 7s give by, G= Ke [eee +32) Ca= Monthly Densumphive We in bm k= Omp fotler whith is fund empraitolly Adennd’s urn Condition Of Poti uly, Oxo fer t= Mion monthly seme (Cc) OL sin “F then fie rs gyen by, Ga. = RPE 4o p= Monthly 7 of baru! day Wrybt houss thot octur dluring thot Pesto! MOTE she Une of ke for dE Cops of Tolan Sib lontinnt vs Nok avery hate 11 rg Mot Suitable to Used here.Duestinn- Delermine Lhe \wlume of water seu) aad ty be divested from the head Work fo ivwgale un Drea Of Buve hae. Sing infra. ~ ton, Jive below - Assume Bor OS the CHeibye Paclirenhbn to Yoke tose of the Conumphye use of he CaP. Assume oy € thie; “tly OF Waker oMpIIahin yn fitid 4 FHL OS re Omvey arte eae of dono) IMME! Temp *P June | a uy 46 August 43 Sem: | an Ou | 64 Nov 5H Dec At Ton | 48 Fee | 54 Morb} 60 7 [my | oe _| beats ae Sunshin, Ripm) ies Gu= ee aul 7 72 13-85 na {08 OBS 18.25 Ft \30 0-85 \aseq By NG 0.85 12-85 +8 105 0-06 (Se 11-403 42 Dy O65 6b35 oy 0 o-by AS 8-6 0 -0-69 62 14 ° obs B6t be 0 oto T-24 ua 0 tho 4-54, 48. 0 O75 | 12-50. : : ADU mm <= 43944 Z a= \26 355 Cm Re= 0-GXR=0-9 X55B = 446-L,mm tre = Cu-ke = NIR= CIR+ leoching Req* — Gl. NGA NIR= Gl FH ON 126: 3955-44-64 = Bl. 415¢m SS SyBhF15 FIR = NER st = B= (open (63.4340 No og (63.43 Gre = FER = FR A sepa a4. 40cm Ne OTs Volume of Wakes otduysed fr Boo hoe Uta bE heod vf te Gnu] = 247-32X 02> ovo Mp4 vio~s = MAB. Gb M-m> 108. 665 M-m?> |08-665 M-m? Question A monubty Ga. fr Prddy axe Bien blow celeomine the toby] Cy. Aso Lompute WwhukS Pre avy mmontbly a aod Peak monty Cu Time Gi{tm) - June |-29 o4 ay +a 93 pug (3) 93 Sep I-30 4 oe J-3) 6 hoy N94 \5 1) Total Ga = UF4 234 23+ + TEMS = 134oy Dv doy CG. = 134 = 13h = 04540). a “y i) Bug ently Cy = pA5xBO= LET bm” Wi) Peojo monthly Gy= 240m. (gune)2) Horrg eats Class A Pon EVapoynbin Th this method Er / lu is mtiakd to pan CVaposmimn by ae a Gnstont Jermed 0g Eaap Gr Coethreink (hk) Evapobnsprmtion (t/t) = kX Pon eanporokin kee Ex Ep. Gonsumplve use Goetticent (Kk) 16 diff fos diesen Crops and is Ok diff Plole Sit foo Some Compsras it depends Uren Groh Jenuth .focation , type of Soil , Stoge of Green of Podhtulag CwP The volue of Hs Gonstant 16 quoploble fer diff Ope 1 windian Sublontinent , Henle Unis Metre Sendiy Used hese Hese the Oris ove being divided inte B grups Und GeleC) iS Fined AlCowingly Here Po? evuposution Ep lon be Capenirrentoly deteamrned b divettly Measuring the Duantiy of Woes WaPo From the Stondurd Class A Pon Ghis Pon is 12m in aod 25¢m deep und is botwm is Trisecd by 5UM olive the Joound level The dipth OF water jn it iS kept in the wg of 5-94.50 beloo the top55d ——» b og tne GL These Volues ae of basic of thinning Precise Ep. y y Question - Fors Use in Har4reoves MelMod insespetk OF dour 0® Whtot Covp folowing jo Values Ore Sugeno ° ° 7 Ope oF Crop kK Wheot +5. gmmp bw 1NoY b @, pe ig 15 Maguh . The Re jn the @ . Individual mMoNths bee 94 © 5 oog : \o oc follows 3 1s aq ones Rem) e 2o O24 a : ° 26 O33 7 : Bo oho Deo ke ° 38 ohe Jon 20 e Ao 0-52 Fe, 7 = 45 O58. ne - 7 bo 065 sé a ‘The men Closs A Pun 0 PrmQ i Ven by bo od trong di fe ove Fiven haw @ 65 080 my (e 70 — o-By e co oa ° Bo 40 e 85 0-80 e O-To 0-60 @ O60Pextp\a yon Insses Ye Oi] Lonughoute tre grout Pexiod FIR py ="to% CARy = 754 ; bmpube Vne UTR fre Pro whole Crop porivd ipuuding tom oF Wee Pre Seung ocaprremert 7qgek Time + (days) “4 = Bxwo] je e¢((m) Er =KEp bo) Nov- 1-30 Ip W= 1am ole | 43 21-08, Dee ja ec \-2) 45 33 HSanpp Oa " bby yin 1-31] 44 5b oH! 4 504 Fh \-28.| 10h 46. 090 | Is 13-5 Mah I-15 | lox Ay o-b0 \o 6.00 + = No. of- Pays UPL» the mit Spon of londesntd month 2 . bels = Nw dt 5 - Cov ing Seas 4 / qi Pp m b= 45 = Nov 16 Ww Decig B= Bose peood = 136 doy. b= = Bis to gan t= lol = FemIG w Feb ly Toto! Gu | Ep = 346 oo = RF = BIG ty mont a Tel Re = Bim Ctr = Ci- Re = BE BH 28 At NIR= CIR leaching Rey = 2346 fo =IBULEM, pn, ak ee le @ye (eg eee 7 O58 ' Assumisy Foo GR inchiding Pet iDavpation Requi semen’ oF FoM | wvmitorte iy | = 4h. 69 +4 =) 64&m, 2) Sh Fem of Waker 75 \o be prided by lanol = 6 of, = 58 Gra 4468+ aris in @ee7OVO02020200909 0880998988888 8 88888888 BHO-nwV-99 RELATION. Sots MOTSTURE- ERRIGATION RE@UTR. BS GL Be Soi Root wales Zone z Zone olf Totes mediote Zone hoop Remuion : ™ ) deny dortata, Inner WTL Zone of Sabumtiog i We G-ourd Wobed Zone. Gernind] Gong vee ie Field | wy Copnaty Lo | z Amur Mvis tye : = 7 & Permanent ae & aQ sevnlable a =a waler 3 it @G8G0088OHHH88HTH9FHHH898H9HHR9FTH29990989 8899of ae Fl a The woes below the Watts Fable fevel (WIL) is Kravwe vs Ground | | Water and above the WTL iS Ienown a& Soil Morshyec | The Povtion of Zone Of Bembivn 30 whi Bunks of Plant /boyx, Ptovtrle 42 obsrob the morstured: Nubsients frvm Soi) iS teomuh as Soil /Rovt Wolters Zone A vikon Wales F115 ores the grind (tithes due ty veibahioh bp due fo Roinfaw) 0 Poot of ik Jets obsvabed jn Unis “woot Zone (i Zone of Ortation) ond) west Zee olwn to meet rund wate table Under atten of Gravity Field Capacity Tope diately Gfter tre OPPHOakon OF Whtr overLhe Joustd ce Certrin amount of water ss zelvintel OP Une Suctace OF Spi) @eeoe00080280808088980F 98888 FHTHTHFHTHHKTHHSHSEOBHO Porticles by mole cular abtmction & by Chemrtol bond (tomprsstive we pe) “9® ¥ This Water Con pot be eosily dained undex the Dtlion of arity and is tesmed mg field Capmity ° + : e The Fittd Capacity 1S the Water [onknt of Spi) afer Fite drip? hes token Plate for Sutititca Period (2-5 days) en 7 + Ths fied Copotity Water further Zorwst oF e a) AVorlable Water [‘apiliaey Water 7 ») Non Availabe Woter /Hy9 206 pre Waser . e 0) Awoilable Wo 'Llopintoay Waker : ak P pon oF fied Capacity wales Whith 7% Oltoubel +0 Soi port? by surfote tension Gzoinse Jonuttabunul Feces ond bon be wedy by Pont fir its gw by Capiionty 1% Yeemed as Ly (4Pillary @ Water b) Non Pwvi lable Woes ) Hygjars opt pwoter @ e @ ® A por-ot Field Capacity water thot lon’ nok be vemoved by : Capilmaity of ats /plonts vod iS Not Moiluble far jig guts is Hamed Os HygnSlope Wavy : @ % The field Gpatity water Content Gan be dsfined OS the duontity e of Woler Whilh Sil Can “wetoin ores its Sucka. ogeinse gmuiy® 4th. Gyanlily oF Ory Be aa °@ Gad (opacity = We of Woler attained inlerbin amt Volume of ® Soi) wgainst Goavil > \Do e ‘ 7 Sa os r ogi WE of Sane lume of Day Soil * ca WA e ‘ a 888 @ vt Let prota vf So) be Linr Ab be the dupth of wok Zone Volume vk Soil in twot Zone = a4 = dw = Volume vf Soil X Dry Density = dx Day weight of sol in Tok zone Feo= wh of Wakes attomed if Soil ol Xa : We of unter aetnined in gm = Fd fb Vs We Ed Wa \C id wel Volume of woter aétoined in Soi) = Depth of water rivineol in sn) = £4 ioe Me THis alsy Yomid) DS Tohul water Strmge Copatity oF Sort (Capres ed interms of depth] Note Depth of wok aehained in Soil in bly 2 woley Conkenk is Jiven etaNOTE Fe= We of woke atlvinedd 10 Sil Wwe of Dry Soil f= Noe 2 Vav FF woter Content prezint Coote sfonding +e WWlopotity °. svi is Comply Soburanked oe J Twn Vw= W nae of Fe= Www = Vow = Yw ‘ va v Va V wi L = Nw Fo= we @ Me The total fittd opacity vaoter Con Dok be utilis by the Plont @ Sk tan eakrack Water fom Yre Soil UPt> On ealent 14 Ofter @ Whith fg Wilts (be Gomes orp) This Wher CooWnk fs lermag. OS Perma ner wating point Pwp SCOCSOHCHOHRHFBA GA HH28 O09 a TE lon Lheoefore be vefearrtd the water Whith ro Ovvilable tp the pion 15 He hit of Ficld Capacity Water ond pwp of Woaley trig. is known 08 ove: Available Mvishure /Capiesy Wales] Mow Sumy Capo city OF Soll% The Portion of BUailuble Moisture whichis most €osily Catm, ~Ced toy the Plant fu its gmuth io kermed vs Readily aveiarte MoSture Te is oppax = FF- Bo of DVoilvbole Moistuse OM¢ ~optinum Moisture Conkent This Phe MoStuse Conkeok in Phe wit Zone btlow Whitt Wien (Cannoen er easily ovajjuble/ Exteackable tothe Lsor Fos its grutn IF water Conkent falls bewe ome cueing its goth Peso ‘t olfette the Pooduttvity OF he CovP- Soil Moistuae DeFrcitn The Wales reaunyed to boing Sol mpstuse Content pf a given So) toits Fiend lopouty 7s tolled Geld moystuze nascetty or Soil Moisture Defecianty E%uivolent Moisture . TL iS Uhe wotes retained by a Sutucmbed Soi) atte bein Grbsifuged fos BMS by txle of Ivvn Himes Mot of amy Te is opPox canal of Shightly less than fied Gap cingHente Objecive oF iemgativn is tak innaigobion snoutd be Coss? @ Dut OF Suh intesvo)) Freaucaly Sp that the moiskyae Onkol ¢ ° in the Wot Zone neverfalls belww OMe ° Question — Sordy tavm Soi) Wdls voles oF Vnvrom Jo depths low : The wrot duplh of CP Zalm and Whe * AVorlobse depletion oF eonter iS 35% The doiy water use by . the Crop iS Bmmloloy The Ota trbe iamgared iS bo & bp hoe : and Wales Lan be drweated at 2B JJsee- The Suofos i aie OPP dobion ehetenty is 40/ ) A Lomnd wates Gobx bution. Coluulsje Fit Copra-city ond PVP. Thoye ig no DrI0 fo) i) Pilowobje Depltben Derth Bw the rengahivn 1) Fetuenty of Tragahin 13) Net gpplitolion depth of water W) Yolymne of Wontey IAnred V) Time “stqurrid to Tr goke shot fom, Moisture holding liom dity of Sor! = lav onl Depth of Root Zone = 300m, Mor'styre Halng Lapocity of Rot Zone = yo X03 =h2mm @9®ee006089309092090800090>, vi 1) Peanssible Depletion = USB% 42= [4-F mm . ai ; on = (he FS i) Freauenty of engption — qb Bays “2 Boys i a 25 =15 i) Net wolee Depth ty be opphd = 157 = 34.5 mm. / C4 tor days = Wo os Cog tle 7 hes omy: > 2. = 10 1Y- Granby of wate veda red R Net wWoler Depth to be oppidd = LF — 2645 mm OG W) Volume of woler wean) ren) = Goxto" 136.4507 = 2.15 M4 py WV) Tim seared = BAD*Y36 95 KF = IB bx B min 2BX1 03% 60X60 © Question - After how mony days wiilYou Supply Water fo So in = Ores bo ensuee Sulfititne Irmgabion oF the givenleP if @ -is field Gpocty of Son 294 4-NoV-2p et, Par = 13% © Lis py pensity of Soi) = bIgrice © Lv, EMtetivt pepth of Rook Zone = Folm ood Dairy Consumphie Use of woler Fo givin Lrp 12m eo Assume Gry ote Dobe iF Dok givenMax water storage /fvonnble moskue = LB-13=15)/ Assume Reoslity OVojlable mostuse = Box of Prolyble YD - Petweoty nt olay 6 Duestin - Bovms of UWMler i's applied ty a former nce field © Of 0.6 hoe when the mo'stuce Cokeak 19 Soil foils Loe te 40% @ y 5 °e OF the Duorloble waby blo the Fe (364) of aA pup 15x of @ the soi) Crp Combbinatrn ° @ e e Mostuse © = OGNIG = 12% : ° Depth of Water Strstd 0 Pk Zone it vid (fe- one) ° blw Fe A OMe Ve ° e e = S33 Foxole : : = 1092 am = [b9.2mm 7 Preauindy of Prngptbon = (he =. 9. day, : eo e e Determine the Field Applilakion shcenty The aot Zar dept of Kile SS ion Assume f) =0% Man wales Storage Copatity |Availoble Mortum

The Grp it grush jN an ahPrPrake 5) with No adh ° bower within the top bem derth of Sw) @ @— Norma) bepth of Rovk Zone \S |-20 8 Bulle Drasity 1-36 fnke e—Fe= les pwp=77r © Morsture leur) i Lon ¢s tobe Muitoined at Nok Iee¢ thor : dol atthe avarlable atention eT gthd.n—i5- tov be mointoined ak Nor heoge — Tenge bon will then be done OVey A dummbon of boys OL @ Uniform yale of Supply and abunrtiem white advan to fully and just “Compensute Fir Pre aia — Sowa je ohne pn LE Nv when he tor) Morchuee wi jute ot FC. —> No Crt ites po eteuived Fr leaehy —> for the Crop akbne dation the avy lapel Nuptmnspmbon yaks Oot 3m) vlc, ) Noy — 30 Noy It [Dea — 3) bee [4 jan ~ 3L)on Ly 1 Feb — 26 feb | Mazvh ~ D5 Moh 2 neal ve done on 6 after 24 mgh 5 enpeured Tim CHertive Rainfall oF 2a rom duro yon boy Dares POdusive With UP} Seva vig — There 5 4 jan- 19. — By te end oF Crap Jeol Seaton only the Min vontes @ Deeded) to be le UNU Sed 1 7O% ZheFo 00 0900000090000000098999998938988 8 SO Soy Mow Wuter stomgye apacity of Available Moss tue Os Puoiloble Refanhoo = Fo-PWP= IB- Fez Depth of ua . wy = ad (Pe -ome er Reedy avoiluble for pow) E c) = 139X12 X Bx 0 =vung % = (B98 on Water Gnsume fron 4* Nov -30 Nov = @N.LX Zp = 33MM =320m d Deo — vee = | FX 3) = B2T On. djon- 3pN = 24y7 = OF ew. Ajon~ (agun = 2u- Zk) Ie [4.4mm \é = base Toho! Wober Consumed UP lv [4 fon = S3+B2t boFo+ hoy, = [43 dm. No. of Days basume Wee = \MBF-1A3 = 4 96 dois Over Later 24x 107! : Hedde 1S iwngaton will be Needed Aeslaies Utter 4 Duy for yan je fom 24 Jan ~26 JPr- - aarre Yul Water Required on 24% h 26% Jon = Ib93 + hXDWs 0! (4 2X D-4 AIO! \,02 =/24¢ a0Wotes Consumed from 26 J0O onwomds 26 po-a)gon = 6X24 =lhh on 4 feb- 2efeb = 2OxIG = A2Em. 1 Maveh- 26 MDseh = 25X35 = BHO _ Mestre HigeD Ih-34 4m iber0g No- oe Pos 10 Museh wauired . e 40 bonsume reodly Ovoiluble = BF-Nh~bo = 1-6 Do¥6 Motsture Boxy! ° @ @ Hente Setond iTngativn is aeayyat) OP I~ 17 Mosh ANd) the Wotes oppid Wok) be =1439-]).G4+ = 2-520mCANAL IRRIGATION SYSTEM The tntize pictorbutinn System trom the head yf Moin bony) tthe UYorcultuon) field 75 divided int Following, i) Primary Distribu tn System. Moin tonal db Beanch lono) ") Seconvlery pistributron Syston. Disvribubesy ond ioe Minne ti) Tea tintey Distribution Sy stem Woles Course & Field Chondole “The above ine) Monuemen oF lonveying ond digtobut; ny Woter 75 lathe Warm Bande HY chem. MunssTurn — Fited By Tiiweny this Warm bond Sygem the turn of deren) Foreyas One Fired Su thot duly water 75 Dok ou pried 4p Q Single fo omens ClossifGation of Canols Classifitaton of lonals (an be Bone as tollows ) Alluvial and Non Muvrat Canols }32Chossit@tion of Cools i) Alluvial ong Non Pluviol Canals. The Conals when exlavated Enough OMuviol S01) O7e bolle Alluvial -Conods. Gano) 10 Suth pea GS—lempaae yse the Wales from dizeit isxigo ion iNSKv) oF Some isvigntion as BIVes 'O ANuvio) Sol hove Femelenty te chore res WOter Course Nove The Sal Whith doe formed by lontiounus deposition of conde From a trmugh an aaen 16 lesemeed as MILD! @ Soil e e How foundoton |shuta Ove grorelly Do farm oVolnbbh. ;) @ tis Case or in this kind of Svi} Gnojs ExlaVvoled Eramigh Neo Aituiol, So) (0x- For ed due! 4 dksintegontion oF Roiks 10 Mounhi Neus Region) ove davmeol as # Wen Ailurie) Canvis These (nals Doe pat of Somge lengahon AS wee j0 MM Plluvia) Sof) hordly Chonges their wales Cunte Hont Foundation ove genemily aVorloble i tris GoseI) 00 the basis of Plignment pF Yne Cana) °) Worsshed onal | Ridge Conn} s S WokeShed Pata okie Cans] whichis higned olvyg Ory Watershed OF m0be line rs e@ Called Uttndrow Wabeshed Gna) or Ridge Cone! e @ The natin)! mit of the Command asta of Suth iT 7gohbn Chane) would be on either Side of the channel ° © + Piigning ov andl (moin oF beoru,) along the aidge line S Msucee Gounry Frngntion on bole Siles oF the Conn) © & Sin dainoze olways Hows OY from the vide No forse davinage ton (sg a Conal Heole there 15 D0 Reauivement OF Grose Dovinoge wok Fut these Canals° STP the WalesSheol Prrssin thenah villojes w& 10 try lony © my hove to Jeate the Watershed 55 Rig Rid line for Some : OS tance 7 A The depression 1 the Ridge line Moy vise reamined lonsinuline OF Viacwes us Syphong te Moininity Conon fu) SupPlyver| 7 b) Cointous Conad : The woes Chao foro Connot be Prrviced.i9 late of billy Datos Sie Yy Ganditins 19 PINS Dive Vostly difleacnt Comportel bo Ploion Whoot -viver Fis in volly henle ibis Not, possible fr ayn ine © Cono) along the vialge line 7 Th Suh Condhtin (ota Ginals Oac Parvided whith Dae ole = 1) Pre Cou Lontous Oncepe for ZVI the aeaujse! Loot Soe to Ye Conv) D Look Cano Can itayple ODly Pre side te bers. be Lawsce Osea onthe Other side is oP hrgher level Ds the dovinnge Fw is always at Tight OMles tothe @ Gntowr cup tonols alge meet drringze 10 ble henle these @ ; o 7 Canals algo Beaire PSS Donin og WOK ° Sinte Slope of Rives iS Muth steeper thon the Oona! bed : Slope the Canal SUarrunds More OAd! Move oxen buy © TeSeH and the viver eSto Slote of River Sop = 2400-280” pl Soc = 2avv=2b2e Swope of Can 4777 © Soe C44 SR cy Side Slope Conn 4 any) which ss alga at raphe age, te the lointorr je along the Side Slyfe is termed OS Side Sof Conn) Sinde Notuml Dawinnge alsy Flows at sight angles Contour ie Neves meee tres lana) henle No Coss —Donidage is vewuired jin this Cove @eeanene00202928288988CH8OS8THSTHKSHKHHTHHSHSHOHHCHOKSEHSEE ee ot & vo“ $ @ Side Slo Pe Cone)