Tsunamis are giant waves caused by earthquakes or volcanic eruptions under the sea.

Out in
the depths of the ocean, tsunami waves do not dramatically increase in height. But as the
waves travel inland, they build up to higher and higher heights as the depth of the ocean
decreases. The speed of tsunami waves depends on ocean depth rather than the distance from
the source of the wave. Tsunami waves may travel as fast as jet planes over deep waters, only
slowing down when reaching shallow waters.
…along the coast.

The earthquake had a magnitude of 9.0 and it struck at 2:46 PM. The epicentre was located
some 80 miles (130 km) east of the city of Sendai, and the focus occurred at a depth of 18.6
miles (about 30 km) below the floor of the western Pacific Ocean.  Hundreds of aftershocks,
dozens of magnitude 6.0 or greater and two of magnitude 7.0 or greater, followed in the days
and weeks after the main quake.
… in the deluge.
the official total for the number of those confirmed dead or listed as missing from the disaster
was about 18,500, although other estimates gave a final toll of at least 20,000. Because of that,
the March 11, 2011, earthquake was the strongest and deadliest to strike the region since the
beginning of record-keeping in the late 19th century, and it is considered one of the most
powerful earthquakes ever recorded.
…causing the explosion
Because of concerns over possible radiation  exposure, Japanese officials established an 18-
mile (30-km) no-fly zone around the facility, and an area of 12.5 miles (20 km) around the plant
was evacuated. This event resulted in the total destruction of more than 123,000 houses and
damage to almost a million more.
…
Hurricane Katrina, tropical cyclone that struck the southeastern United States in the 23th of
August 2005. The hurricane claimed more than 1,800 lives. Reached Category 3 on the Saffir-
Simpson hurricane scale on land and Category 5 in the Atlantic Ocean.
… percent underwater.

By September 1 an estimated 30,000 people were seeking shelter under the damaged roof of
the Superdome, and an additional 25,000 had gathered at the convention center. Ultimately,
the storm caused more than $160 billion in damage, and the  population  of New Orleans fell
by 29 percent between the fall of 2005 and 2011. Although many residents returned and the
city’s population increased to about 400,000 by 2020, it still remained some 20 percent below
its population in 2000.