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Name: Zaka Ullah Awan

SAP ID: 44123

Topic: Generation Cohort

Submitted to: Sir. Dr. Ishfaq Ahmed

Subject: HRM & OB

Class: MS Engineering Management

(1st Semester)
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Generation Cohorts
In Social Science, the word generation group or Cohorts explains the whole body of individuals
which born and living at the same time, most of them would be approximately the same age and
have the similar problem, ideas and attitudes. Generation’s concept has a long history there are also
psychological and sociological dimensions in the sense of belonging and identity which may define a
generation. The concept of a generation can be used to find out the specific birth groups in specific
historical and cultural circumstances, such as the "Baby boomers"

Currently, within the population, there are Five groupings

1. Baby Boomers,
2. Generation X,
3. Generation Y or Millennials,
4. Generation Z or Centennials.
5. Generation Alpha.
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1. Baby boomers: 
The term "baby boomer" is derived
from the boom in births that took
place after the return of soldiers from
WWII.
Baby Boomers are the people born
after World War II from 1946 to 1964.
The increased birth rates were
observed during the post–World War
II. baby boom, making them a
relatively large demographic group. In
the U.S., many older boomers may
have fought in the Vietnam War or
participated in the counterculture of
the 1960s, while younger boomers
came of age in the "malaise" years of
the 1970s.
Due to their high numbers and the
relative prosperity of the U.S.
economy during their careers, the baby boomers are an economically influential
generation.
Example:
My Grandfather is a baby boomer his birth year is 1933 and Masha Allah is still alive and
healthy. He was in the Pak army and fought the war of 1971 and retired from the captain
rank. And now enjoying retired army life. The baby boomers were born during the post-
World War II baby boom. They rejected and redefined traditional values. They are
also the wealthiest, most active, and have the most disposable income for food,
apparel and retirement programs.

2. Generation X: 
Generation X is the cohort following the baby boomers. Generation X is known as the
“middle child” generation because of its small size in comparison with the baby boomer and
millennial generations. Generation X is known as the “middle child” generation because of
its small size in comparison with the baby boomer and millennial generations. Generation X
is generally defined as people born
between 1965 and 1980. The term
has also been used in different times
and places for a number of different
subcultures since 1950.
Many researchers and demographers
use dates that correspond to the
fertility patterns in the population. For
Generation X, in the U.S. (and broadly,
in the Western world), the period
begins at a time when fertility
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rates started to significantly decrease, following the baby boom peak of the late 1950s, until
an increase in the late 1970s and eventual recovery at the start of the 1980s.

Example:
My parent and other family members (Uncles and Aunts) all belong to Generation X, and
they have seen the tenure changing from Analog systems to Digital Systems.

3. Generation Y or Millennials:
Generation Y (or Gen Y for short) also known as Millennials, are the generation following
Generation X. This generation Y is typically defined as those born from 1981 to
1996. become the largest generation in world history.
The Pew Research Centre reported that Millennials exceeded the Baby Boomers in U.S.
numbers in 2019, with an estimated 71.6 million Boomers and 72.1 million Millennials.
Generation Y is the social generation; social media is embedded into almost every aspect of
their life. Generation Y is willing to promote products & brands through social media in
exchange for rewards. It’s crucial that brands understand Gen-Y as individuals and on a
human level in order to get the most out of them in the workplace. Generation Y is
considered family- and team-oriented and values diversity, self-expression, social
responsibility, the environment, and social liberalism in comparison with earlier generations.

Example:
I belong to Generation Y. and all the characteristics which are mentioned before. I
think that’s true.

4. Generation Z:
Generation Z (or Gen Z) and also known as "Zoomers" are the people succeeding the
generation Y or Millennials. Pew Research Centre describes Generation Z as spanning from
1997 to 2012. Both the United States Library of Congress and Statistics Canada have
mentioned Pew's definition of 1997-2012 for Generation Z. Generation Z has shared many
qualities with millennials. Generation Z has its own unique characteristics. For one thing,
unlike millennials, Gen Zers are entering adulthood during a global pandemic. They rely on
social media but know how to manage social media. Generation Z preferred brands that
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show their
personality and
uniqueness. They
are greatly
influenced in their
brand selection by
video content. They
want to be seen as
environmentally
conscious, but they
often don’t want to
pay for this.

Example:
My little cousins fall
in the generation Z
category. And they
are all social media addicted and cannot live without the internet and social media.

5. Generation Alpha:
Generation Alpha (Gen Alpha for short) are the generation succeeding Generation Z.
Researchers and popular media typically use the early 2010s as starting birth years and the mid-
2020s as ending birth years. Generation Alpha is the first to be born entirely in the 21st
century. As of 2015, there were some two-and-a-half million people born every week around the
globe, and Gen Alpha is expected to reach two billion in size by 2025.

Example:
My Kids are fall in the Generation Alpha and they are also social media addicted.