Precision Time Protocol (PTP):-

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Forh3XfD_Ec
https://memim.com/precision-time-protocol.html

- 1 micro-second level of precision

- UDP packet , multicast address 224.0.1.129
- Source - Grand Master clock ( Only 1 GM per PTP domain )
Clock Type :-
- Boundary clock - The boundary clock intercepts and processes all PTP
messages and passes all other traffic. The boundary clock implements a local PTP
clock which can be synchronized to a master on one port and act as a master on
other ports. Since a boundary clock is a full PTP clock implementation, both the
time and frequency must be simultaneously updated to the local PTP clocks on each
PHY

- transparent clock
- ordinary clock

Master Slave
t1 ------------->t2 Sync
-------------> optional followup ( t1 timestamp , there could be delay between
creating message and actual tranmission on wire , followup sends actual
transmission on wire.

<-------------t3 Delay request ( to get exact amount of propagation delay

between master and slave)
t4 -------------->

The master sends a PTP Sync message containing a timestamp of when the Sync message
is transmitted (t1) to the slave.

mean_path_delay = [(t4-t1) – (t3-t2)] /2

offset_from_master = [(t2 –t1) – mean_path_delay]

GM Clock -- R1---R2--R3--R4----R5------- slave clock

Boundary/Transparent clock

The system supports communication to the PTP process on the CPM using any of the
IPv4 local interface addresses or an IPv4 local loopback addresses.