3)

To better understand what lean thinking is, we can define it according to 5 different
points.
-First point is to define the value; value is what the customer is willing to pay for.
There are many techniques such as interviews, surveys, demographic information,
and web analytics that can help you decipher and discover what customers find
valuable.
-Second point is “Map the Value Stream” in this step, the goal is to use the
customer’s value as a reference point and identify all the activities that contribute to
these values. By reducing and eliminating unnecessary processes or steps, you can
ensure that customers are getting exactly what they want while at the same time
reducing the cost of producing that product or service .

-Third point is Create Flow, after removing the wastes from the value stream, the
following action is to ensure that the flow of the remaining steps run smoothly
without interruptions or delays. Some strategies for ensuring that value-adding
activities flow smoothly include breaking down steps, reconfiguring the production
steps, leveling out the workload, creating cross-functional departments, and training
employees to be multi-skilled and adaptive.

-Fourth point is Establish Pull inventory is considered one of the biggest wastes in any
production system. The goal of a pull-based system is to limit inventory and work in
process items while ensuring that the requisite materials and information are
available for a smooth flow of work.

-And finally last point is Pursue Perfection Wastes are prevented through the
achievement of the first four steps: 1) identifying value, 2) mapping value stream, 3)
creating flow, and 4) adopting a pull system. However, the fifth step of pursuing
perfection is the most important among them all. It makes Lean thinking and
continuous process improvement a part of the organizational culture.

As a conclusion lean thinking refers to a set of concepts for improving efficiency and
quality while reducing expenses, conserving time, space, and effort. Aldi is a company
that takes a direct approach to doing business. Other grocery retailers draw shoppers
into their stores with elaborate displays, extra services, and promotions, whereas
Aldi's main purpose is to 'provide value and quality to our customers by being fair and
efficient in all we do.' Aldi's whole business concept is around giving customers good
value for their money. An organization can effectively minimize its working hours by
operating during the most productive hours, reducing the need to engage additional
workers for shift changes, by employing the lean thinking strategy. The business can
focus on time-based management. It's a technique for cutting down on time.