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I RANIAN J OURNAL OF
Research Paper
Validity and Reliability of the Timed Up and Go and the Anterior Functional Reach Tests in
Evaluating Fall Risk in the Elderly
1. Department of Human Motor Behavior, Faculty of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran.
2. Department of Motor Behavior, Faculty of Physical Education and Sport Science, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran.
Citation: Aslankhani MA, Farsi AR, Fathirezaie Z, Zamani Sani SH, Aghdasi MT. [Validity and Reliability of the Timed Up and Go and the
Anterior Functional Reach Tests in Evaluating Fall Risk in the Elderly (Persian)]. Iranian Journal of Ageing. 2015; 10(1):16-25.
Objectives The purpose of this study was to investigate the validity and reliability of Timed Up and Go (TUG) and
Functional Reach (FR) tests in evaluating fall risk in the elderly.
Methods & Materials 200 elderly were equally divided into falling or no falling history groups. The par ticipants
were community-dwelling adults aged 60 years and over in Tehran, Iran. All subjects performed TUG and FR tests.
Data were analyzed using Pearson's correlation, ANOVA, Cronbach's alpha and t tests.
Results TUG test had acceptable construct validity (group difference, growth and clinical validity), Cron bach's
alpha was 0.81 and time stability was 0.98. Also, FR test had acceptable construct validity (group difference, growth
Keywords: and clinical validity) and time stability (0.97). Results showed that TUG and FR tests have significant correlations
ageing, Balance, with fall risk.
Falling, Validity, Conclusion TUG and FR tests have acceptable validity and reliability for the elderly. Therefore, these two tests can
Reliability be used to identify possible fall risk in elderly people.
* Corresponding Author:
Seyed Hojat Zamani Sani, PhD
Address: Department of Motor Behavior, Faculty of Physical Education and Sport Science, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran.
Tel: +98 (914) 4912352
Email : hojjatzamani8@gmail.com
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Novels and verses of Azmunhai Barkhastin and Raharften Zamandar and Distursi Aqdami Qudami for
Arziabi Khatir Zaminkhorden in Salamandan
2 2 1 1
Muhammed Taqi Aqdsi * Seyyed Hojjat Zamani Thani , 2 , Zahra Fathi Rezaei Alireza Farsi Muhammad Ali Asalnkhani
1- Grove of Reftary Sciences and Senakhti Warzhi, Daneshkada Physical Education and Warzah Sciences, Danshgah Shahid Beheshti, Tehran, Iran.
2- Gruh Raftaar Movement, Danshkadah Physical Education and Science Warzashi, Danshgah Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran.
Objectives of the goal of Pzhohsh, present, prestige, and Payayi Azmunhai Berkhastan and Rahvtn Zamandar and Dstrcsi Aqdami in front of Arziabi
Bud. Articles and documents of a fat man perspective 200 Azmodniha salamand ba Damna Sunni 60 Sal bala, in the course of du groh ba and without a
Anha reads precedent zaminkhorden (here as 100 azimuthni), the election of Shadand. Dadaha based on the use of Pearson's Hempestigi tax,
And
analysis by Ariane Makrah, Cronbach's alpha and Azmon T's independent Arzabi Shadand tax, Azmoun Berkhastin and Rahvten Zamandar based on a
discrepancy, Pallini and Rushdi narrators), Cronbach's alpha (0/81 ) And temporal stability (0/98) is acceptable to Barkhordar Budd. Azmoun Destursi Aqraldi
Nez based on a reasonable consideration (Grohi discrepancy, Balinese and Rushdi narrations), temporal constancy (0/97) acceptable to Burkhordar Budd.
They are presenting the results of an investigation of the relationship between Azmunhai Barkhastin and Raharften Zamandar, Dastarsi Amalkurdi and Keywords:
Azmun Berg Hambastigi Moanidari and Judd Dar. A significant result of the results salamandi, draw,
of the investigation of Bianger Rawi and Payayi Qabil Do Azmoun Barkhastan and Raharftan Zamandar and the Constitutional Court in Salmandan Bud. zminkhorden, novel,
Therefore, as Ein Du Azmun Mitwan has a Shinasai perspective, the danger of Zaminkhorden in Salamandan, using it as a response. payayi
introduction
Marg and Mir Migerd [6, 5]. They are concerned with the results of the investigations
regarding his father’s death from Salamandani, as well as his previous history, with
The salamandan association's decision is due to the need for a discourse and
very limited results [8, 7].
a an appropriate program in the opinion of my protection actions in all social,
for granted
Here are the problems of the symptoms of social, economic, spiritual,
economic and French dimensions, as well as other policies, such as shores. And I
spiritual, and physical multiple exiles in Salmandan, Khanawada Anha, and the reads
am going through a dozen periods of other medical examinations after the age of
University of Mekand Download. I am in the policy of apologizing for his programs,
60. I am a woman of age, my body is in the form of my body and my body is in
Tuanbakhshi, with the title of his program, Behbud Salem Jami, in the fullness of
limbo [1]. Personnel of the Tuanbakhshi services from the point of view of protection
the
cognitive surfaces, I am sorry for working on it, and its drama and programs are
a and preserving most of the surface of Kurdish work in the city of Mayabad [2-4].
Baptized
limited in a smooth surface, or a pure imbalance. As for his feet, he has the title and
of
borders du sum
realistic obstacles, rather than a secret that he sees, a contradiction between her
walking line and my work, calculated and intended; Nashnayi Ya
Namrbat Boden Criterion Hai Sanjesh by the design of Girihai Palini with the
* Responsible
Zamani Thani Nashani: Tabriz, Daneshgah Tabriz, Danshkdah, physical education and
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Chabert 0/80 [21] and Rak Wood and Hamkaran 0/56 [22], it's a dust In the direction of the nobility and nahnakhtje of the relative karbardhai balini sciences
award. Duncan and Hamkaran Payayi Zamani FR Ra [11/0] Newton sounded in a prominent form as a result of bhdasht and temporal as a result
and of
temporal
bhdasht
and Takahashi [24 0/95 to 0/85 Hamkaran and Lynch], [23 0/92 as it is specialized in balin ntwand by way of making use of it as significant symbols of
a
Hamkaran in between Salamandan Zapni 0/90 in a row] 25.] hierarchy in arzyaby tanayyi
consuming equilibrium
event and salamand
a temporal endingbiberdazd; After all,from
that is not hidden it is time
a time-
to time,
Boden, it is a recommendation. Even if there is a number of them, this is a measure of Benabrian aims to achieve a present preparation and cognitive version of an equivalent scale
the metand of the people who are equal to the standards that are related to the of intensity, based on the scale of Raj Arzyabi, equivalent to the Salamandan, meaning the scale
of Est. 2 1
government of Gonagoun, such as the people who use the decision of Gerd [14]. And And the constitution of my work Equivalent to Barkhastan and Raharvetan
you can check it out in a group of medical resources that are personally identifiable. In Zamadar [ 9-13] . The goal of Tarhan is a measure, the balance of the Tawanihai,
order to complete this gauge, take this gauge with a limited-edition device, plain, your work is equal to the length of time, and the Arzyaby is a revisionist, and the
balanced, and with the help of amazonger, you can complete it for more than 5 Bimaran is attributed to the interventions of Darmani and Toanbakhshi, and the
minutes, and if you can run it in its surroundings, you can start reading the result of balance of Behbud is equivalent to Salamandan Ast[9]. Behdasht and Amruza,
And
this gauge. The sieve buttons must be changed to an additional level of security. There as a whole, are intertwined.
terms of carrying out the activities of rosemary cardi and the ability to perform
Rosh reading
azmon on different dewary surfaces, meperdazed. They are required to mediate
The type of realization present from the type of its expansion Hipod. University
Matthias and Hamkaran with a quick Roshi title in order to set problems equivalent
Dard [11.]
Its criterion is that there are many individuals with a comprehensive Amari title,
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Bahar 1394, session 10, Shamara 1 Novels and verses of Azmunhai Barkhastin and Raharften Zamandar and Distursi Aqdami Qudami for Arziabi Khatir Zaminkhorden in Salamandan
A score of 0 = with two acupuncture (Sanjideh Mishoud) [27]. Between tensile strength
and tensile strength analysis, differences between dental crowns of different use, a
scores on the side of orbital stability, and from an independent amaranth crown from
Miss her
His concern is to provide it before the company in his reading within the directives
In table number 1, information related to the organization’s activities in the pre- of the full review of the company, in order to satisfy his satisfaction with the name of
existing associations and associations has been shown. the company in the proposal to complete the model. In every 100 people of Salamand
Zamandar, and the constitutionality of the Kurds, based on their gross differences in as a period of time. When a message is present with a message, the time when you
the extent of their use. The results of the press Azmoun T are independent among its start a message and when you want to start a message with a message, the time is
groups in the table of its 3 numbers. He also developed such a view that he did not stopped [9].
see a disparity in the field and met my acceptance between its ugliness and the
presence of a dard; Of course, from the perspective of this, in this case, to the
width Shane, Turi Ka Badnash Ba Dewar angle of 90 degrees to find a canad, Canar
In the course of his life, according to a practical perspective, the narrators of Saz Dewar Myasted. Bazoi Canar Diwar, 90 degrees with a yard, and it has a way, a
Rushdi (they differed in grammar over different years) in the period of time of Azmoun, degree of bandy brasas, a centimeter, and azagiri, a space of space from Azmodni.
Azmodnihai, an investigation of the age of 6 divisions of Taksimbandi Shadand (first My destiny as an individual has been stricken, and Indazhigiri Michod; The discrepancy
volume of 60 to 64 to 70 to 74Grove
SAL, volume of SAL,75
Som Chaharm thetolast
79 volume of 65
Sal, Grove to 69 SAL,
Benjem 80 to between the first and the last is one centimeter, so that it has a number of a dozen
84 Sal and Grove Chesham 85 to 89 Sal) . Doctrine Raharften Zamandar: Kurdish times [9] (Photograph 1).
And
determine the age of his disparity, the source of waiting for the doctor, and in order to Azmoun is equivalent to Burj Nez in the perspective of a novelist who has been
determine the age of the procedure, insist on it with imbalances, he buys his wife. very useful. Duatgran taqi pour payayi factor it this scale ra using Cronbach's alpha
Results in Table 5 for the severity of the problem. Dr. Azmoun, BrachastanShamara 4
And between 0/768 to 0/921 in the dust. This is a comprehensive scale of 14 factors, a
6, Groh 3 discrepancy And Groh 2 Mehendiary discrepancy with Grohhai 5 5 Dasht. In And and in a Beng scale of two degrees Likert (Number 4 = 2 BH)
And pieces
4. International Quality of Life Assessment
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Table 1
Without the precedent of Zminkhorden With the precedent of Zmenkhorden
enumeration enumeration
monitor monitor
9 9 14 14 Zen
nationality
91 91 86 86 return
13 13 4 4 Black
27 27 21 21 Diploma Zir
15 15 22 22 diplam
24 24 31 31 Bachelor
7 7 6 6 Bachelor's degree
5 5 5 5
Doctor
From the days of my time, I will protect it as a Kurd. From the point of 5, Groh 3 discrepancy And And 6, Groh 2 discrepancy meaningary with Grohhai
view of the narrators of Hemgrai Azmoun Barkhastin and Rahreften 4 5 5 Dasht. Hamantour ke watching Michod And
I mean, with a group of 4, a
Zamandar and Azmoun Dastarsi Amerkurdi, the link between disparity between their groups, the role of Sunni commentators, and he buys this
Azmounha and Azmoun is equivalent to Burj Dir 40, according to the because of the novels of Saza Rushdie, where do they come from?
table 2
Azmoun Destroy Amal Kurdi (centimeter) ** * Azmoun Brakhastan and Raharften Zamandar (second)
Groh
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Bahar 1394, session 10, Shamara 1 Novels and verses of Azmunhai Barkhastin and Raharften Zamandar and Distursi Aqdami Qudami for Arziabi Khatir Zaminkhorden in Salamandan
table 3
Standard
P
Azadi degree t Myangin Groh We are determined
deviation
Without the
0/0001 198 10/49 1/2 7/93
precedent of Zminkhorden
Azmoun Brakhastan and Raharften Zamandar (second)
Without the
0/0001 198 -8/47 9/01 22/15
precedent of Zminkhorden
Do you want to do it?
danger, they are in the salmandan, there is a resource salmandan ba and without precedent zaminkhorden in azmoun brachastin and rahften
zamindar and joddar. The results of the investigation of Paafthai Morris and Hamkaran,
table 4
P
Groh (i ) Groh (j ) Difference between meangin du Groh (ij ) Two deviations from myangin
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Table 5
P
Groh (i ) Groh (j ) Difference between meangin du Groh (ij ) Two deviations from myangin
And those who are healthy and sick (heart attack) are able to straighten Percy Bahr Thani Afzaish in the course of Azmoun mentioned, equivalent to
up with the ability
and thatof they
their do
leg[16].
muscles, and they are required to do this Afzaish 4 Darsadi Danger Zaminkhorden in Sal Ati Bud. Do not hesitate to
Raharvten Zamandar Hampstagi in their case, the reason for this Hamkaran in Percy Thabat Daroni Azmoun Barkhastin and Rahravten
azmoun is mentioned by the stability of Balayi Berkhordar Ast (98/0 = Zamandar Nashan Dada Shad Ka Azmoon from Dare Balayi Barkhordar
r ). , Nisselsagaard and Hamkaran, Bohanon and Chabert Hamkhwani Asst (0/81). This investigation is based on the results of Botolfoson and
Dard [17-21, 15]. Chopin and Hamkaran Payayi Zamani Azmon TUG Ra Hamkaran, Shami and Hai Jan Hamkaran Dard [16, 15]. Botolofsen and
Pa 25 Azmodni Organic Cut Indominal Dam 93/0 Bedst Orand [17]. Hamkaran Thabat Droni Azmoun is mentioned in the case of Cronbach's
Table 6. The results of the hampestiye tax between Azmunhai Berkhastan and Rahveten Zamandar and equal to Burg.
64/0 -0001/0 40 Azmoun Brakhastan and Rahreften Zamandar and Azmoun equal to Berg
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Bahar 1394, session 10, Shamara 1 Novels and verses of Azmunhai Barkhastin and Raharften Zamandar and Distursi Aqdami Qudami for Arziabi Khatir Zaminkhorden in Salamandan
As payayi zamani qabuli burkhordar est. Results of a present investigation by 78 Salamand Markaz Naghedari, Payai Zamani Ra Bali 90/0 Berrci
Yiftahi Duncan and Hamkaran, Lynch and Hamkaran, Newton and Takahashi Gezaresh Korand [18] Potolfsen and Hamkaran Neez Gezaresh Korand Ke
and Hamkaran Hamkhwani Dard [23-25, 11 ] . Therefore, it is a mentioned Payai Bazazmaye In Azmoun Dur Damanh i. Prasi payai bazamayi sh azmoun
azmoun Ra azmouni sabq, arzan, dependable, accurate, reasonable, and movability in salmandan because of dadand ka azmoun TUG az payayi
applicable to its various circumstance, my knowledge of Karand [11] . [23] zamani bali 90/0 perkhordar bod [19].
Linch and Hamkaran Neez in the study of individuals afflicted with spinal
98/0 ast[20].
5
Consistent with the results of Flensberger and Hamkaran
6
Ke Roy Afrad After my heart fell silent and they hummed, cooed and hummed
In a present investigation of his father-in-law, the meaning of his house, Daiyat Nakhli, Kar Kurda Budand, Hammakhwani Dasht [30-31] Madat Azmoun
between Azmunhai District, Amerkurdi, Berkhastan, and Raharften Zamandar, Barkhastin, Raharftin Bohanon, and Shabert Nese Ke
Dadand in Prersi
PayaiZamandar
Zamani AnNashan
80/0
and Azmun is equal to Burg in Salamandan and Judd Dar. This is an Maybashd [21.]
procedure I have to do a lot of times [22]. And these are the results
under Its variation is present in a hampestial tax scale, possibly the effect the sources of influence, the results of the investigation, and the
of the type of azimuthaniha. As a matter of fact, the people of Salem, the problems of the two authorities in Salamandan. Where is a factor
people of Dari Maalolit, and the people of Dakar Bimarihai have different that has instability in severely severe procedures and results that
results, with different results in a similar time to this country.a where have an increased probability under the influence of a decision made.
Durger Michond. At the same time as the vestibular system, the muscular
system and the skeletal system, you must be able to straighten it, and the
in the liver is more and more influencing, as a result of other influencing In a present investigation of his father, he insisted on his work in Kurdish
factors in the hamster equilibrium, which are more and more phasic, and the
5. Flansbjer et al.
number of pine nuts is more and more important in the province of Khwahand [34].
6. Van Hedel et al.
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