SECOND YEAR ESSAY DR.

GAMAL

Misused Forms pp 250-275

Using a wrong preposition
Absorbed in, not at: The man was absorbed in his ‫ منشغل يف‬-‫مهنمك‬
work.
Accuse of, not for. She accused the man of stealing. ‫يهتم ب‬
Accustomed to, not with. I'm accustomed to hot weather. ‫معتاد عيل‬
Afraid of, not from. Laura is afraid of the dog. ‫خائف من‬
Aim at, not on or She aimed at the target. ‫ هيدف إيل‬- ‫يصوب حنو‬
against.
Angry with, not against. The teacher was angry with him. ‫غاضب من‬
Anxious about, not for. They're anxious about his health. ‫قلق عيل‬
Arrive at, not to. We arrived at the village at night. ‫يصل إيل‬
Ashamed of, not from. He's now ashamed of his conduct. ‫جخالن من‬
Believe in, not to. We believe in God. ‫يؤمن ب‬
Boast of or about, not James boasted of (or about) his ‫يتفاخر ب‬/‫يتبايه‬
for. riches.
benefit by, not from She has benefited by the change. ‫يس تفيد من‬
Careful of, not for. He is very careful of/about her ‫حريص عيل‬
health.
come or go by train, not He came by train yesterday. ‫ يرجع ابلقطار‬- ‫يذهب‬
with
complain of, not for Annette complained of the ‫يشكو من‬
weather.
Composed of, not from. Our class is composed of thirty ‫يتكون من‬
students.
Confidence in, not to. I have great confidence in you. ‫ثقة يف‬

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 SECOND YEAR ESSAY DR. GAMAL

Conform to, not with. We must conform to the rules. ‫ يتوإفق مع‬- ‫يطابق ل‬
Congratulate on, not for. I congratulate you on your ‫هيينء عيل‬
success.
Consist of, not from. A year consists of twelve months. ‫يتكون من‬
Covered with, not by. The mountains are covered with ‫مغطي ب‬
snow.
Cure of, not from. The man was cured of his illness. ‫يعاجل من‬
Depend on or upon, not It depends on (or upon) her. ‫يعمتد عيل‬
from.
Deprive of, not from. He was deprived of his freedom. ‫حيرم من‬
Die of an illness, not Many people have died of malaria. )‫ميوت من (مرض‬
from an illness.

Different from, not than. My book is different from yours. ‫خمتلف عن‬
Disappointed in, not I was disappointed in his work. ‫حمبط من‬
from
Divide into parts, not in I divided the cake into four parts. ‫يقسم إيل‬
parts.
Doubt (n) of or about, I've no doubt of or about his ‫شك يف‬
not for. ability.
Dressed in, not with. The woman was dressed in black. ... ‫مرتدية‬
Exception to, not of. This is an exception to the rule. ‫إس تثناء ل‬
Exchange for, not by. They exchanged wheat for .... ‫ ب‬... ‫يبادل‬
machinery.
Fail in, not from. Steven failed in mathematics last ‫يفشل يف‬
year.
Full of, not with or from. The jar was full of oil. ‫ميلء ب‬
Get rid of, not from. I'll be glad to get rid of him. ‫يتخلص من‬
Glad of or about, not I’m glad of or about the news. ‫ بسبب‬/ ‫ من‬/ ‫سعيد ب‬
from or with.

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 SECOND YEAR ESSAY DR. GAMAL

Good at, not in. My sister is good at mathematics. ‫جيد يف‬

Guard against, not from. You must guard against bad ‫ حيرتس من‬/ ‫حيذر‬
habits.
Guilty of, not for. He was found guilty of murder ... ‫مذنب ب‬
Independent of, not Clara is independent of her ‫مس تقل عن‬
from. parents.
Indifferent to, not for. They are indifferent to politics. ‫ال يبايل ب‬
Insist on, not to. He always insisted on his opinion. ‫يرص عيل‬
Interested in, not for. She is not interested in her work. ‫هممت ب‬
Jealous of, not from. He's very jealous of his brother. ‫غيور من‬
Leave for a place, not to They're leaving for England soon. )‫يتوجه إيل (ماكن‬
a place.
Live on, not from He lives on his brother's money. ‫يعيش عيل‬
Look at, not to. Look at this beautiful picture. ‫ينظر إيل‬
Married to, not with. Angela was married to a rich man. ‫مزتوج من‬
Opposite to, not from Their house is opposite to ours. ‫ موإجه ل‬/‫مقابل‬
Pass by a place, not from Will you pass by the post-office? )‫مير ب (ماكن‬
a place.

Play for a team, not with He plays regularly for that team. )‫يلعب ل (فريق‬
a team.
Pleased with, not from. The teacher is pleased with me. ‫ من‬/ ‫سعيد ب‬
Popular with, not John's popular with his friends. ‫حمبوب دلي‬
among.
Prefer to, not from. I prefer a blue pen to a red one. ..... ‫ عيل‬.... ‫يفضل‬
Preside at or over, not Who presided at (or over) the last ‫ يرتأس إجامتع‬- ‫يرأس‬
in. meeting?
Proud of, not for. He's very proud of his promotion. ‫خفور ب‬
Rejoice at or in, not for. We rejoiced at (or in) her success. ‫يفرح ب‬

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 SECOND YEAR ESSAY DR. GAMAL

Related to, not with. Are you related to him in any ‫يرتبط ب‬
way?
Repent of, not from. He repented of his crime. )‫يتوب عيل (يندم‬
Satisfied with, not from. Are you satisfied with your ‫رإيض ب‬
marks?
Similar to, not with. Your house is similar to mine. ‫مشابه ل‬
Sit at a desk etc., not on The bank manager was sitting at ‫جيلس عيل مقعد‬
a desk etc. his desk.
Spend on, not for. I spend a lot of time on my ‫ينفق (مال) عيل‬
computer.
Succeed in, not at. I hope he'll succeed in his work. ‫ينجح ف‬
Superior to, not from or This is superior to that. ‫أفضل من‬
than.
Sure of, not for. I'm quite sure of her honesty. ‫متأكد من‬
Surprised at or by, not Harold was surprised at/by the ‫مندهش من‬
for. loud bang.
Suspect of, not for. I suspect Kate of stealing the pen. ‫ يهتم خشص ب‬/ ‫يشك يف‬
Take by, not from. Robert took his brother by the ‫ ميسك من‬- ‫جيذب من‬
hand.
Tie to, not on. The girl tied the string to the kite. .... ‫ ب‬.... ‫يربط‬
Tired of, not from. The boys are tired of eating boiled ‫متعب من‬
eggs.
Translate into, not to. Translate this passage into ‫يرتمج إيل‬
English.
Tremble with cold, etc., The man was trembling with cold. ‫يرتعش من إلربد‬
not from cold. etc.
Warn (a person) of They were warned of the danger. ... ‫حيذر (خشص) من‬
danger, not about
danger.
Write in ink, not with I've written the letter in ink. ‫يكتب ابحلرب‬
ink.

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 SECOND YEAR ESSAY DR. GAMAL

Misuse of the Infinitive

The gerund and not the infinitive should be used after prepositions
Without + -ing. Do your work without speaking. ‫بدون‬
Instead of + -ing. He went away instead of waiting. ‫بدال من‬
Capable of + -ing. They're quite capable of doing ‫قادر عيل‬
that.
Fond of + -ing. She's always fond of talking. ‫مغرم ب‬
Insist on + -ing. Simon insisted on going to ‫يرص عيل‬
London.
Object to + -ing. I object to being treated like this. ‫يعرتض عيل‬
Prevent from + -ing. The rain prevented me from ‫مينع من‬
going.
Succeed in + -ing. He succeeded in winning the ‫ينجح ف‬
prize.
Think of + -ing. I often think of going to England. ‫يفكر ف‬
Tired of + -ing. The customer got tired of waiting. ‫متعب من‬
Used to + -ing. She's used to getting up early. ‫معتاد عيل‬
The gerund is used after the following verbs
Avoid + -ing. You can't avoid making mistakes. ‫يتجنب‬
Enjoy + -ing. I enjoy playing football. ‫يس متتع ب‬
Excuse + -ing. Please excuse my being late. ‫يعذر‬
Please excuse me for being late.
Finish + -ing. Have you finished speaking? ‫يهنيي‬
Go on (continue) + -ing. The music went on playing all ‫يس متر‬
day.
Mind (object to) + -ing. Would you mind opening the ‫ميانع‬
door?

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 SECOND YEAR ESSAY DR. GAMAL

Practise + -ing. You must practise speaking ‫ميارس‬

English.
Remember + -ing. I don't remember seeing him. ‫يتذكر‬
Risk + -ing. We couldn't risk leaving him ‫خياطر‬
alone.
Stop + -ing. The wind has almost stopped ‫يتوقف‬
blowing.
The gerund is used after certain adjectives
Busy + -ing. He was busy revising for the ‫مشغول‬
exams.
Worth + -ing. Is today's film worth seeing? )‫جدير ب (يس تحق‬
The gerund is used after certain phrases
Have difficulty in + -ing. She has no difficulty in doing it. ‫دليه صعوبة يف‬
Have the pleasure of + - I had the pleasure of meeting him. ‫يس متتع ب‬
ing.
It's no use + -ing. It's no use crying like a baby. ‫ال فائدة من‬
It's no good + -ing. It's no good getting angry. ‫ أنه أمر يسء‬/ ‫ال جدوي من‬
Look forward to + -ing. I look forward to seeing him soon. ‫يتطلع إيل‬
There is no harm in + - There's no harm in visiting her ‫ال رضر من‬
ing. now.

DR. ZAKI M. ABDULFATTAH 6