ติวสดออนไลน์ฟรี
PHYSICS 1
Max Phunsakorn
 F1
t. Two forces acting on a point haveS A fo
Thesame
net force a ติ
effectisasthe วฟรี Sforce
vector R P’EUW
TATICS BY
u
F2 the single vect
erted on an object are shown. The

Newton’s Laws of Motion

sum of
equal to all thevector
their forcessum.
acting vect
missing third force? on the box.
’s First Law S
v 5 const
.2) Newton’s first law states that when no force acts on an
S S S
when the vector sum of all forces acting on it is zero, the F1 F2 5 2 F1
in equilibrium. If the object is initially at rest, it remains
u
F3 กฎการเคลื่อนที่ของนิวตัน (Newton’s Laws ofIfremains
it is initially
This law is valid only in inertial
the vector sum of the forces acting on an objec
in motion, it continues to move with constant
Motion)
at rest or (as here) in motion with consta
F frames of reference.
u

3
• กฎ#อ% 1: หากไ%&แรงมากระ,-อ/ต1 /ต1จะ3กษาสภาพการเค:อน< (อ=>งเห?อนเ@ม หAอเค:อน<BวยความเEวคง<
nd Newton’s Second
-อไป) Law
เGอHงเกต/ต1IนจากกรอบKางLงเMอย

N.3) The
EWTON ’SSinertial
C.ECOND LAWproperties D. 115 are characterized
OF MOTION of an object
• กฎ#อ% 2: ความเNงของ/ต1แปรPนตรงQบแรงRพS<กระ,-อ/ต1
ass. The acceleration of an object under the action of a S
SF
S
S
และแปรผกPนQบมวลของ/ต1
 F2
S
a 5 SF/m
the
of forces is 
 directly proportional to the vector sum of the
the ! !
d inversely 
 proportional to the mass of the object. This
our
hip is Newton’s
 second law: ΣF = ma mass m
F1
S

gF 5 ma,
ces
the 

S S
An object’s acceleration depends on its
mass 13 (4.7) mass and on the net force acting on it.

form, gFx 5 max and gFy 5 may

cle. • กฎ#อ% 3: เGอ/ต1สองVน&แรงกระ,ระหWางQน แรง</ต1Xงสอง
d over. This section will introduce
กระ,-อQนจะ&ขนาดเZาQนและ&[ศตรงQน]าม

component

represent
ns 4.8). 

them. ! ! F12


 F12 = − F21 2


nd Weight 1


4.4) The weight of an object is the gravitational force F21
vity.
ng-range แรงบางชนิดที่ควรรู้จัก
force of gravity. Gravity
naceit by the earth (or whatever other object exerts the grav- mass m
in their
force).
the orbitsis around
Weight theissun,
a force and and a vector quantity.
therefore S
w 5 mg
S S
g
be have &ห(ก (weight) ^อ แรง<โลกกระ,-อ/ต1 [ศ`เ]าหาaดbนcกลางของโลก

e’ll
nitude a• thorough
of the


weight of look at gravity
an object at any specific
FIGURElocation is
4.5 Weight always points
sheonproduct
the or nearofthe the surface
mass m ofofthe earthandvertically
theobject downward.
the magnitude
An object’s weight depends on 
 its mass and on
celeration due to gravity, g, at that location: Free fall, Free fall, 

the acceleration due to gravity at its location.
moving moving 

on or near the surface of the earth
w 5 mg. (4.9) Projectile motion 

up down
ght is themonly
(kg) long-range force we 



agent
ght forobject
of an the weight
depends force is the but the mass is
on its location,


–2) of location.
ent
is in some ways the simplest a ! force
g (m/s ) 2


ht vector always points vertically u


’s Third Law
u
w
u
w w 

W ! mg (N) S 
 S
.5) Newton’s third law states that “action equals reaction”; Fball on foot Ffoot on ball


oody bodiesThis
object. interact,
is anthey exert forces
SI informal
system on each other that, at
expres- 

eant, are equal
exerted 
 inthe
on magnitude
object.
!(a) and
Note
! opposite
that in direction. The S S
The
es
sl to
in an action–reaction
briefly 

examine


wmass = pairgalways
mlater act on two different
in the Rolling
An action–reaction pair: Fball on foot 5 2 Ffoot on
At restrepresent a mutual interaction of
The two forces
hey never act on the same object. u u
eight and mass

 in
!
Chapter 5. ◀ w objects, and eachwacts on a different object.
w = dหeก (N)

! W
dy mDiagrams
g (slug) m = มวล (kg)

! dหeกของ/ต1&[ศ`ลงตามแนวhงเสมอ ไ%Wา/ต1จะอ=ในสภาพ

o into gF. To help identify the

g = ความเNงโfมgวง (m/s2)

.6) In Newton’s second law, only the forces acting on an
การเค:อน<ใดjตาม A free-body diagram of a man dragging a crate.
S
a ! grelevant
(ft/s2 ) forces, draw a The diagram shows all the forces
–3)
y diagram. Such a diagram shows the chosen object by acting on the man, and only
ee” of its surroundings, with vectors drawn to show forces acting on the man. T
W (lb) - 1 - the facebook.com/beengineer2012
plied to it by the various other objects that interact with it.
 ติวฟรี PHYSICS BY MAX PHUNSAKORN
• แรง,ง (tension) &[ศ`ออกจากkง<lRงmจารณา ไปตามแนวเoนเpอก









กล�อง (block) คน (man) 



Fเชือกดึงคน Fคนดึงเชือก 





เชือก (rope) 








 Fกล�องดึงเชือก Fเชือกดึงกล�อง



• แรงแนวฉาก (normal force) ^อ แรง<qวHมPสกระ,-อ/ต1 &[ศrงฉากQบqวHมPส







 y y

 N


N

 θ

 θ x




θ θ
θ x θ



 mg mg





5.3 Friction Forces 171

• แรงเ2ยดทาน (friction) ^อ แรง<qวHมPสกระ,-อ/ต1ในแนวขนานqวHมPสIน [ศตรง]ามQบการเค:อน<เtยบQบqว
HมPส

Figure 5.19 When there is no relative motion, the magnitude of the static friction force fs is less than or equal to ms n. When there is


relative motion, the magnitude of the kinetic friction force fk equals mkn.

(a) n (b) n (c) n (d) n



 T T T
fs fs fk



 w w w w

1 No applied force, 2 Weak applied force, 3 Stronger applied force, 4 Box sliding at


=µ N
box at rest. box remains at rest. box just about to slide. constant speed.
▶︎ แรงเ2ยดทานส7ต
No friction:
fs = 0
(static f ≤µ N
Static friction:
friction)

fs 6 ms n s s
f
Static friction:
fs = ms n s, max s
Kinetic friction:
fk = mk n


ook N f µs = Hมประuทwความเxยดทานสyต (coefficient of static friction)


(e) 1 fs2max
▶︎ แรงเ2ยดทานจล; (kinetic friction)

fk
f =µ N k k


5 This graph shows the friction µk = Hมประuทwความเxยดทานจลz (coefficient of kinetic friction)
8 The kinetic friction force
force magnitude f as a function varies somewhat as
of the pulling force magnitude T.
W intermolecular bonds
form and break.

T
(b)O
Level of Difficulty : 6 Box at rest; magnitude of
• simple 7 Box moving; kinetic friction ••• challenging.
•• general
static friction equals that is essentially constant.
of applied force.
 ติวฟรี PHYSICS BY MAX PHUNSAKORN
• 1. N identical carts are connected to each other using strings of negligible mass. A pulling force F is
applied on the first cart and the system moves without friction along the horizontal ground. The tension in the
string connecting 4th and 5th cart is twice the tension in the string connecting 8th and 9th cart.
tension in the last string.
N N–1 2 1 F

Find
(a) the total number of carts ( N ) and
(b) tension in the last string.

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 ติวฟรี PHYSICS BY MAX PHUNSAKORN
1. (continued)

-4- facebook.com/beengineer2012
c friction between each
0. (a) Draw a free-body ติวฟรี PHYSICS BY MAX PHUNSAKORN
ermine•• (b) the
2. ก{องมวล 2.00 accelera- 5.00
kg |กกดQบผeงBวยแรง P &[ศ,}ม θ = 60.0° Qบแนวระ~บ ~งป lหนดใÄHมประuทwความ
เxยดทานสyตระหWางผeงQบก{องเÅน 0.250 ขนาดของแรง P <,ใÄก{องอ=>งเÅนÇÉวÑน kg
tension T in the rope.
shed 10.0 kg
that
with
gure Figure P5.70
u
fric-
wall
S
P 71. The system shown in Figure P5
sible of magnitude 1.50 m/s2. Assum
that Figure P5.66 kinetic friction between block
tion-S for both inclines. Find (a) the
s if 0 P 0 has a larger value friction and (b) the tension in t
r. (c) Repeat parts (a) and
an angle of u 5 13.0° with Additional Problems
72. A black aluminum glider floats
of a house slopes up at level aluminum air track. Alumi
flat rock that has been force in a magnetic field, and
eighborhood child. The ble. A strong magnet is attached
ine with an initial speed forming a total mass of 240 g
kinetic friction between attached to one end stop on the
0. The rock slides 10.0 m net with a force of 0.823 N when
osses the ridge and goes net are separated by 2.50 cm. (a
rabolic trajectory above of the glider at this instant. (b)
negligible air resistance. attached to another green glid
eight the rock reaches 120 g. Find the acceleration of ea
icked. 
 ers are simultaneously released a
can swim underwater at 73. A young woman buys an inexpe
p vertically upward, leav- car racing. It can attain highway
.26 m/s. A record salmon tion of 8.40 mi/h · s. By makin
1.0 kg. Consider the fish she can increase the net horizo
the water below the sur- - 5 24.0%.
- With much less expense,
facebook.com/beengineer2012
 floor so that the scale reads his
he car is horizontal. At one point
ar zooms with negligible friction
inclined at• 30.0° below the hori-
3. เÖกชายáกàองการเjบâกแอปเäลโดยไ%àองãนàนไå
รอก:นÄอยไíQบàนไå
scale read at that point? áกออกแรงìงเpอกจนตาîงïานไB 250 N dหeก<แñ
จóงของáกและเéาèเZาQบ 320 N และ 160 N ตามò~บ lหนดใÄเñาของáก
ace car of ไ%HมPสQบôน
weight 8 820 N opens
จงหา
-mile run (1)
when the car is travel-
ความเNงของáก
tal retarding force must be sup-
(2) แรง<เéาèกระ,-อáก
e to stop the car in a distance of
takeoff, the combined action of
gines and wings of an airplane
e on the plane, directed upward
bove the horizontal. The plane
elocity in the vertical direction
celerate in the horizontal direc-
eight of the plane? (b) What is its
n?
Note that the cloth must move more than 30 cm rela-
tive to the tabletop during theติวprocess.
ฟรี PHYSICS BY MAX PHUNSAKORN
81. An inventive child wants
to reach an เขาçกเéาèêอยëาน
apple in
a tree without climb-
ing the tree. Sitting in
a chair connected to a
rope that passes over a
frictionless pulley (Fig.
P4.81), the child pulls
on the loose end of the
rope with such a force
that the spring scale
reads 250 N. The child’s
true weight is 320 N, and
the chair weighs 160 N.
The child’s feet are not
touching the ground. Figure P4.81

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8/17/10

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 a ! g sin u, where g ! 9.80 m/s2. acceleration is such that the string remains perpendicular
65. A 1.30-kg toaster is not plugged in. The coefficient of to the ceiling. Determine (a) the angle u and (b) the ten-
static friction between the toaster and a horizontal coun- sion in the string. ติวฟรี PHYSICS BY MAX PHUNSAKORN
tertop is 0.350. To make the toaster start moving, you
carelessly pullรถõúนหùงแ{นลงเÉนเขา
•• 4. on its electric cord. (a)เûมเNงจากหüด>งไป†ง
For the cord ten-
sion to30.0
be as
m/ssmall as possible,
ในเวลา 6.00 °นาtyouภายในรถ&âก¢มมวล
should pull at whatm
angle = above
0.10 the horizontal? (b) With this angle,
kg ÄอยBวยเpอกลงมาจากเพดานรถ how
ในระหWาง<
u
large must the tension be?
รถlRงเNงเค£องพบWาเoนเpอก,}มฉากQบหRงคารถ
66. ! In Figure P5.66, the pulleys and the cords are light, all
จงหา
surfaces are frictionless, and the cords do not stretch.
(a) How }ม θthe acceleration of block 1 compare with
(1) does
(2) ความ§งในเoนเpอก<แขวนâก¢ม
the acceleration of block 2? Explain your reasoning. u
(b) The mass of block 2 is 1.30 kg. Find its acceleration as
it depends on the mass m1 of block 1. (c) Evaluate your
Figure P5.69

70. An 8.40-kg object slides down a fixed, frictionless

inclined plane. Use a computer to determine and tabu-
late the normal force exerted on the object and its accel-
m1 eration for a series of incline angles (measured from the
horizontal) ranging from 0° to 90° in 5° increments. Plot
a graph of the normal force and the acceleration as func-
tions of the incline angle. In the limiting cases of 0° and
90°, are your results consistent with the known behavior?
m2
71. A mobile is formed by supporting four metal butterflies
of equal mass m from a string of length L. The points of
Figure P5.66 support are evenly spaced a distance ! apart as shown in

2 = intermediate; 3 = challenging; " = SSM/SG; # = ThomsonNow; $ = symbolic reasoning; ! = qualitative reasoning

-7- facebook.com/beengineer2012
 ติวฟรี PHYSICS BY MAX PHUNSAKORN
•• 5.

a
m

จากป มวล m çกBวยเpอกเบา<ปลายBานหùงต•งไí และวางอ=บน¶ม<ไ%&แรงเxยดทาน ßาระบบเค:อน<ไปทางขวาBวย

ความเNงคง< a โดย<มวล m ®งคงHมPสอ=Qบ¶ม จงแสดงใÄเ©นWาความ§งของเpอกจะ&™าเÅน

T = m(gsin θ + a cosθ )

-8- facebook.com/beengineer2012
 ติวฟรี PHYSICS BY MAX PHUNSAKORN
••• 6. A small block of mass m rests on the rough, sloping
side of a triangular block of mass M which itself rests on a
horizontal frictionless table as shown in figure. If the coefficient
m
of static friction is µ , show that the minimum horizontal force
F applied to M that will cause the small block m to start F
moving up the incline is given by M
θ
⎛ sin θ + µ cosθ ⎞
F = (M + m)g ⎜
⎝ cosθ − µ sin θ ⎟⎠
.

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 ติวฟรี PHYSICS BY MAX PHUNSAKORN
6. (continued)

- 10 - facebook.com/beengineer2012
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Physics 1

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