ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY LABORATORY

Module 4
CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM

NAME:

1. Complete the following statements by inserting your answers in the space

provided.

The heart is a cone-shaped muscular organ located within the 1. _______________________.

Its apex rests on the 2. ____________________________ and its base is at the level of the 3.

_______________________ rib. The coronary arteries that nourish the myocardium arise from

the 4. _____________________________. The coronary sinus empties into the 5.

__________________________. Relative to the roles of the heart chambers, the 6.

_____________________________ are receiving chambers, whereas the 7.

_______________________________ are discharging chambers. The membrane that lines the

heart and also forms the valve flaps is called the 8. ___________________________. The

outermost layer of the heart is called the 9. __________________________. The fluid that fills the

pericardial sacs acts to decrease the 10. ____________________________ during heart cavity.

The heart muscle, or myocardium, is composed of a specialized type of muscle tissue called

11. ______________________________.

2. The heart is called the double pump because it serves two circulations. Trace
the flow of blood through the pulmonary and systemic circulations by writing
the missing terms in the space provided.

From the right atrium through the tricuspid valve to the 1. _____________________, through

the 2. _____________________ valve to the pulmonary trunk to the right and left 3.

___________________ to the capillary beds of the 4. ______________________, to the 5.

________________________ to the 6. ______________________ of the heart through the 7.

________________________ valve, to the 8. ________________________ through the 9.

_______________________ semilunar valve, to the 10.________________________, to the systemic

arteries, to the 11.________________ of the body tissues, to the systemic veins, to the 12.

______________________ and 13. _________________________, which enter the right atrium of the

heart.

1
 3. The figure below is an anterior view of the heart. Identify each numbered
structure and write its name in the corresponding numbered answer blanks.

1.
9.
2.
10.

8.
3.

4.

7.
5.

6.

4. The diagram below is the frontal section of the heart. Indicate the direction of
blood flow through the heart. Write your answer in the space provided.
15 1.
14
2.

3.
13
4.
12 13
1 5.
7
6.
9 8
8 7. BONUS
6
3 8.
10
9.
4
10.
5 11
11.

2 12.

13.

14.

15.
2
5. Complete the following concerning the blood vessels.
The central cavity of the blood vessels is called the 1. _______________________________.

Reduction of the diameter of this cavity is called 2. __________________________________ and

the enlargement of the diameter is called 3. _____________________________. Blood is carried

to the heart by 4. ______________________________ and away from the heart by 5.

____________________________. Capillary beds are supplied by 6. ___________________ and

drained by 7. ___________________________.

6. The illustration below is the arterial circulation of the brain. Identify the
structures labeled below. Write your answer in the space provided.

Key answers:
BASILAR ARTERY
ANTERIOR CEREBRAL ARTERY
POSTERIOR CEREBRAL ARTERY
1. MIDDLE CEREBRAL ARTERY
VERTEBRAL ARTERY

5.
2

4.
.
3.

7. The figures below show the blood components. Identify each component of
blood by writing in the correct name in the blank provided.
3
1. 2. 3.

4 5. 6.

8.. Correctly complete the following table concerning ABO blood groups

TYPE OF ANTIGEN TYPE OF ANTIBODY

BLOOD GROUP
PRESENT PRESENT

AB