Vocabulary and Core Concept Check 1. VOCABULARY How does the prefi ‘counter 2. WRITING Explain the difference between inductive reasoning and deductive reasoning. help you understand the term counterexample? Monitoring Progress and Modeling with Mathematics In Exercises 38, deseribe the pattern, Then write or draw the next two numbers, letters, or figures. (See Example 1.) BL -BRAS ee A 02,6,12, 20.0. 5. ZYX WY, 6. JRM,A,M, Oo 3 hh Ge In Exercises 9-12, make and test a conjecture about the given quantity. (See Example 2.) 9, the product of any two even integers 10. thesum of an even integer and an add integer 11. the quotient of a number and its reciprocal 12, the quotient of two negative integers In Exercises 13-16, find a counterexample to show that the conjecture is false. (See Fvample 3.) 43. The product of two positive numbers is always greater than either number. att 44. In isa nonzero integer, then han 1. is always greater 45. If two angles are supplements of each other, then one of the angles must be acute, 16. A line s divides MN into two line segments. So, the line 5 is a segment bisector of MN. 456 Chapter9 Reasoning and Proofs In Exercises 17-20, use the Law of Detachment to determine what you can conclude from the given information, if possible, (See Example 4.) 17. If you pas the final, then you pass the class, You passed the final. 18. If your parents let you borrow the ear, then you will g0 to the movies with your friend. You will go to the movies with your friend, 418. I aquadrilateral is a square, tangles. Quadrilateral OR’ thas four right ws four right angles. 20. If a point divides a line segment into two congruent line segments, then the point is a midpoint, Point P divides [AF into two congruent line segments. In Exercises 21-24, use the Lav of Syllogism to write a new conditional statement that follows from the pair of true statements, if possible, (See Example 5.) 21, Ife <2. then |x] > 2. Ife > 2, thom |x] > 2. 22. Ita then Se = 13.1 23. Ifa figure is a rhombus, then igure is a parallelogram. [fa figure is a parallelogram, then the figure has two pairs of opposite sides that are parallel 24, Ifa figure is a square, then the figure has four yerwent sides. Ifa figure is a square, then the gure has four right angles. In Exercises 25-28, state the law of logic that is illustrated, 25. If youdo your homework, then you can watch TV. If you watch TY, then you can watch your Favorite show, If youdo your homework, then you can watch your favarite show.26. Ifyou miss practice the day before a game, then you Will not be a starting player in the game, ‘You miss practice on Tuesday, You will not start the ‘game Wednesday. 27. Ix > 12,then.c + 9 > 20, The value of xis, Sox +9> 20. 28, If 41 and £2 are vertical angles, then £1 = 22 IZ = 22, then = 22, If 21 and £2 are vertical angles, then mZ1 = mié2, In Exercises 29 and 30, use inductive reasoning to make a conjecture about the given quantity, Then use deductive reasoning to show that the conjecture is true. (See Example 6.) 29. the sum of two add integers 30. the product of two odd integers Maintaining Mathematical Proficien Determine which postulate is illustrated by the statement. (Section §.2 ane! Section 8.5) 42, N+ BC= AC 4B, m2DAC = ma DAE + metAR x 49. AD is the absolute value of the difference of the coordinates of A and 2. 50. mZDAC is equal tothe absolute value of the difference between the > real numbers matched with AD and AC on a protractor, c Find the mean, median, mode, range, and standard deviation of the data set. In Exercises 31-34, decide whether inductive reasoning or deductive reasoning is used to reach the conclusion, Explain your reasoning. (Se: 31. 32, 33, Example 7.) Each time your mom goes te the store, she buys milk. So, the next time your mam goes to the store, she will bay milk, Rational numbers can be written as fir Irrational numbers cannot be written as fractions, All men are mortal. Mozart is a man, se Mozart is mortal. Each time you elean your room, you are allowed to go out with your friends. So, the next time you clean your room, you will be allowed to go out with your friends, Feviewing what ou laren previous grades nd Wesson (Seetion 7.1) 51. 6,7,9,2,5,10, 12 52. 20,28, 26, 32, 18,46, 35 53. 1.2.5.7, 7.9, 112 54. 14,15, 14, 14, 16,19, 17,17 458 Chapter9__Reasoning and Proots