10

Science
Practical Applications
of EM Waves

LEARNING ACTIVITY SHEETS

First Edition, 2020

Published in the Philippines

By the Department of Education
Region 8 – Division of Samar

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 This Learning Activity Sheet is developed by DepEd Region 8 –
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without written permission from the DepEd Regional Office 8 – Division of Samar.

Development Team of Science Activity Sheet

Writer: Rezalyn V. Dacuno, SST-III
Illustrator & Layout Artists:
Reviewer: Gina L. Palines, PhD.
Editor: Rezalyn V. Dacuno, SST-III

Carmela R. Tamayo Ed.D., CESO V – Schools Division Superintendent

Moises D. Labian Jr. Ph.D., CESO VI – Asst. Schools Division Superintendent
Antonio F. Caveiro, Ph.D. - Chief Education Supervisor, CID
Gina L. Palines, Ph.D. - EPS – Science
Josefina F. Dacallos EdD. – PSDS/LRMS Manager Designate
Deogene U. Dapuran, Ph.D. - District Head
Adela V. Bagas - School Principal

SCIENCE 10

NAME OF LEARNER :___________________________ GRADE LEVEL:_______ SECTION: ________________

SCHOOL : ___________________________ DATE : _______________________________

Radio and Microwaves in Wireless Communication

LESSON 1
I. Introduction:
 Radio waves have the longest wavelength in the electromagnetic
spectrum. They are produced by making electrons vibrate in an antenna. They
are used to transmit sound and picture information over long distance. Radio
waves have very whole range of wavelengths. The whole region of the radio
waves is divided into smaller regions or wavebands is allocated by law to a
specific radio service.
Microwaves can penetrate the atmosphere of the earth. This is the
reason why they are used for satellite communication.

II. MELC (with code)

Cite examples of practical applications of the different regions of EM waves, such as
the use of radio waves in telecommunication. ( S10FE-IIc-d-48 )
III. Strategy:

A. Explore
Check your understanding!
Direction: Choose the letter of the correct answer. Write you answer on the separate
sheet of paper.

1. Which of the following forms of electromagnetic waves is used mostly in

communication?
A. Gamma rays C. Radio wave
B. Infrared D. X-ray

2. Which of the following energy transformations occur at the receiving station?

A. Sound energy to electrical energy
B. Electromagnetic energy to sound energy
C. Electrical energy to electromagnetic energy
D. Electromagnetic energy to electrical energy

3. What type of radio waves are used to broadcast FM station?

A. Ultra High Frequency C. Very High Frequency
B. Extremely High Frequency D. Low Frequency Satellite
4. Communication is an application of what type of wave?
A. Infrared C. Radio wave
B. Microwave D. X-ray

5. What electromagnetic wave is produced by making electrons vibrate in an antenna?

A. Infrared C. Radio wave
B. Microwave D. X-ray

B. Learn

Activity 1: I am a Product of…

Directions: Look at the picture below and state whether each application uses radio wave or
microwave. Write your answer on the separate sheet of paper.
1.________________________ 2.______________________

3._________________
4.___________________ 5. ___________________

Applications of Radio Waves and Microwaves

in Wireless Communication
Radio Communication
Today, conversations, data and even music can be transmitted through air over
millions of kilometers because of radio waves. Wireless communication has become possible
through transmission and reception of these radio waves. Remember, radio waves can be
transmitted through empty space!
Radio waves have the longest wavelength in the electromagnetic spectrum. They are
produced by making electrons vibrate in an antenna.
Medium and high frequency waves are used for broadcasting by local
radio stations. In a radio station, sound is converted by a microphone into patterns of electric
current variations called audio-frequency (AF) signals. High frequency radio waves called
radio-frequency (RF) carriers can be modulated to match the electronic signal. In amplitude
modulation (AM), the amplitude of the radio waves (RF carrier) changes to match that of the
audio-frequency (AF) signal. This is used in standard broadcasting because it can be sent
over long distances. Very high frequency waves provide a higher quality broadcasting
including stereo sound. In this process, instead of the amplitude of the RF carrier, it is the
frequency of the waves that changes to match that of the signal. This is called frequency
modulation (FM). When the radio wave is received by the antenna of a radio or television, the
pattern is converted back to its original form. The sound portions of most television
broadcasts are carried as AM waves while the picture portions are carried as FM waves. They
are used to transmit sound and picture information over long distances.
Radio waves have a very wide range of wavelengths. The whole region of the radio
waves is divided into smaller regions of wavebands. Each waveband is allocated by law to a
specific radio service.
Low frequency waves are suitable for communication over great distance. But the
curvature of the earths limits the range to about 80 km. To extend the range, a repeater is
used. The repeater receives the signal and re-transmits it to the receiving station. High
frequency waves can be reflected by the ionosphere. This enables the waves to be transmitted
over great distances.

Did you know…

Frequency is an important characteristics of radio wave. AM broadcast
frequency is about 1,000,000 cycles per second (Hertz). For example,
when you tune in to your favorite AM radio station at 630 on the dial, the
radio is tuning to the radio wave with the frequency of 630,000 cycles per
second! On the other hand, FM radio operates on 100,000,000 cycles per
second. So, when you turn to 101.1 FM, your radio is tuning to
101,100,000 cycles per second frequency.
Applications of Microwaves
Satellite Communication
We know for a fact that radio waves travel in straight line. Why then are we able to
receive messages or information from other parts of the world?
First, let’s take a short review of some facts we learned in earth science. One layer of
the atmosphere is composed of ionized gases. This layer is called ionosphere. The high
frequency waves penetrate into the ionosphere and to the space. Therefore, communication
satellites are used to reflect these waves back to earth which are then captured by the
receiving antennas. Communication satellites travel around the earth at an altitude of 35, 000
km above the equator. They move at a speed of 11,300 km/h and revolve around the earth
every 24 hours, the same rate as the rotation of the earth. This makes them appear stationary
when seen on Earth. Antennae are mounted to point in fixed directions towards these
satellites.
Microwaves can penetrate the atmosphere of the earth. This is the reason why they
are used for satellite communications. Microwaves signals re transmitted by an antenna to a
satellite which amplifies and re-transmits the signal to an antenna in other parts of the world.
This is how we communicate with the rest of the world.
Most communication satellites are used to send and receive radio signals for
telephone services while the rest are for television broadcasting, scientific research and
weather forecast.
RADAR
Microwaves have short wavelengths and are reflected by small objects. This property
is used in radars. RADAR is an acronym of Radio Detection and Ranging. A radar system
consists of an antenna, transmitter, and a receiver. The antenna whirls around continuously to
scan the surrounding area. The transmitter sends out a narrow beam of microwaves in short
pulses. A distant object reflects some of the signal back to the receiver. The direction to
which the signal was received gives the direction of the object. The distance of the object can
be calculated from the time lag between the transmitted pulse and the reflected pulse.
Terrestrial Communication
Do you notice that a lot of people now resort to Cable TV for news, entertainment and
educational programs? CATV or cable TV is now used because of its wide range of channels
and clearer sound and picture. Moreover, some cable companies provide internet access to
users. How does this amazing CATV work?
Microwaves are used to transmit television news coverage from mobile broadcast
vehicles back to the station. The news crew can also set up a small antenna to send signals to
a communication satellite. This is how news are broadcasted and watched live around the
world.
A cell phone is a radio transmitter and receiver that uses microwaves. Cellular phone
is a very sophisticated radio, but still a radio nonetheless. It is today’s answer to the emerging
demand for mobile communication. Cellular phones depend on overlapping network of cells
or areas of land several kilometers in diameter. Each cell has its tower that receives and sends
microwaves signals.
Other Application of Microwaves
Microwave Oven
In a microwave oven, foods absorb certain microwave frequencies very strongly. The
microwaves penetrate the food being heated. it will agitate the water molecules within the
food, thus creating molecular friction which then produces heat that will cook it.

C. Engage
Directions: Below are the applications of radio waves and microwaves. You have to fill in
the table below by stating the types of EM waves and explain how these waves are used in
wireless communication. Write your answer on the separate sheet of paper.
 Type of EM Applications Uses (wireless communication)
Waves

FM Radio

RADAR

Cellular phone

Cable TV

Check your understanding!

1. How are AM and FM radio waves used in wireless communication?
2. How are satellite communication and terrestrial communication used in wireless
communication?

Assessment
Directions: Choose the correct answer and write the chosen letter on a
separate sheet of paper.
1. Which of the following forms of electromagnetic waves is used mostly in
communication?
A. Gamma rays C. Radio wave
B. Infrared D. X-ray
2. What type of electromagnetic wave is produced by making electrons vibrate in an
antenna?
A. Infrared C. Radio wave
B. Microwave D. X-ray
3. Which of the following energy transformations occur at the receiving station?
A. Sound energy to electrical energy
B. Electromagnetic energy to sound energy
C. Electrical energy to electromagnetic energy
D. Electromagnetic energy to electrical energy
4. Satellite Communication is an application of what type of wave?
 A. Infrared B. Microwave C. Radio wave D. X-ray
5. Which type of radio waves are used to broadcast FM station?
A. Infrared B. Microwave C. Radio wave D. X-ray

D. Apply
1. What is your favorite FM station?
2. What frequency does your radio tune to when you dial this station?
 The Application of Invisible Heat, Visible Light and Ultraviolet
Light
LESSON 2
I. Introduction
In this particular lesson, you will be able to learn that most of the EM waves are detectable and can
be seen in our naked eyes.
In the succeeding activities and discussions, you will cite some practical applications of infrared, visible
light and ultraviolet light and how these waves had affected people’s daily living
II. MELC (with code)
Describe the uses of infrared, visible spectrum and ultraviolet rays. (S10FE-IIc –d-48)
III. Strategy:

A. Explore

Check your understanding!

Directions: Choose the best answer. Write the chosen letter on a separate sheet of paper.
1. What form of radiation that lies beyond the red end and the visible light?
A. Infrared C. Visible light
B. Ultraviolet D. X-rays
2. What type of wave is used to produce Infrared Scanners?
A. Gamma rays C. Visible light
B. Infrared D. X-ray
3. What light is produced by heat?
A. Fluorescent light C. Neon light
B. Incandescent light D. Illuminated light
4. Sterilization of water from a drinking fountain is an application of what type of EM waves?
A. Infrared C. Visible light.
B. UV light. D. X-ray
5. What electromagnetic wave is sometimes called the invisible heat rays?
A. Gamma rays C. Radio waves

B. Learn
Activity 3: Guess What!

Directions: Look at the picture below. Guess what type of EM waves (infrared, visible light and UV light)
do they belong. Write your answer on the separate sheet of paper.

1. ___________________________

3. ___________________________

2. ___________________________
4. ___________________________

Applications of Invisible Heat, Infrared, Visible Light and UV lights

 Infrared waves are in the lower-middle range of frequencies in the EM spectrum. Infrared radiation
lies beyond the red end of the visible light. The size of infrared waves ranges from a few millimeters down
to microscopic lengths. The longer-wavelength infrared waves produce heat and include radiation emitted
by fire, the sun and other heat-producing objects; shorter-wavelength infrared rays do not produce much
heat and are used in remote controls and imaging technologies. The amount and wavelength of radiation
depend on temperature. Below 500 0C, an object emits only infrared radiation. Above 500 0C, an object
glows and emits both infrared and visible light. The difference in color determine the differences in
temperature. For examples shades of blue and green indicate regions of colder temperature; and red and
yellow indicate warmer temperature.
The human eye is not sensitive to the infrared light used by television remote controls. To send a
signal to a television, remote controls often use a diode that emits light. Some digital cameras have filters to
block near-infrared light, but most can detect it. It shows up on the screen as if it were visible light. When
you press a button on the remote control, the camera may show a pulsing light emitted by the remote.

The following are some useful applications of Infrared radiation:

1. Infrared photographs taken from a satellite with special films provide useful details of the
vegetation on the Earth’s surface.
2. Infrared scanners are used to show the temperature variation of the body. This can be used for
medical diagnosis.
3. Infrared remote controls are used in TV’s, video, cassette recorders, and other electronic
appliances
4. Infrared camera has transmitter that sends out infrared pulses.
5. A night-vision google.

Applications of Visible Light

When white light passes through a prism, it is separated into its constituent colors: the red, orange,
yellow, green, blue, indigo and violet. These colors do not distinctly separate but they continuously change
from red to violet. Red color has the longest wavelength from among these colors and violet has the shortest.
Our eyes are sensitive to electromagnetic waves of wavelengths that ranges from 4x10-7 m to 7x10-7 m. This
is the range of wavelengths of white light. Thus, the spectrum of white light is therefore called the visible
spectrum.
Visible light is essential for photosynthesis. Photosynthesis is the process by which green plant
makes food. Forms of energy taken from the sun used by plants and microorganisms million years ago are
locked up in coal and oil used as energy resources today.

Production of light

There are several ways in which a luminous object can be made to give off energy in the form of light. A
luminous object can produce incandescent light, fluorescent light and neon light.
a. Incandescent Light is a form of light produced by heat. Ordinary light bulbs in your home are
incandescent. They produce light when electricity is applied to them. Inside the glass bulb of a light
bulb is a thin wire filament made of metal tungsten. Tungsten can be heated to over 2000 0C without
melting.
b. Fluorescent Light is cooler and uses much less energy than incandescent light. Instead of being used
up to build up heat, electrons in fluorescent lights are used to bombard molecules of gas kept at low
pressure in a tube. The color that a fluorescent bulb produces depends on the phosphors used.
c. Neon Light can be seen in thin glass tubes of brightly colored lights. It is a cool light similar to
fluorescent light. When electrons pass through the glass tubes filled with certain gases, light is
produced. The most common type of gas used is neon gas which produced bright red. If other gases
are added, however, different colors are produced.

Application of Ultraviolet Radiation

The Heat Energy

 Ultraviolet radiation lies just beyond the violet end of the visible spectrum. Ultraviolet waves have
shorter wavelengths than the visible light and carry more energy.
The sun is our main source of ultraviolet radiation but there are also artificial sources of UV light.
Ultraviolet radiation in UV lamps are used by banks to check the signature on a passbook. The signature is
marked on the passbook with fluorescent ink. It becomes visible when viewed under an UV lamp. These
lamps are also used to identify fake banknotes.
UV radiation is also used in sterilizing water from drinking fountains. Some washing powder also
contains fluorescent chemicals which glow in sunlight. This makes your shirt look whiter than white light in
daylight.
UV radiation in sunlight produces vitamin D in the skin and gives us tanning effect.

C. Engage

Directions: Below are the applications of infrared, visible light and UV light. You have to fill in the table
below by stating the types of EM waves and describe the uses of this electromagnetic wave. Write your
answer on the separate sheet of paper.

Type of EM Applications Uses (Practical Applications)

Waves
Photosynthesis

Remote control

Fluorescent Bulb

Banknotes

Infrared Scanner

Check your understanding!

1. Describe the uses of infrared, visible spectrum and ultraviolet rays.

2. How can infrared radiation be detected if cannot be seen?
3. What is meant by visible spectrum?

ASSESSMENT

Directions: Choose the best answer. Write the chosen letter on a separate sheet of
paper.
 1. What electromagnetic wave is sometimes called the invisible heat rays?
A. Gamma rays C. Radio waves
B. Infrared D. Visible light
2. What form of radiation that lies beyond the red end and the visible light?
A. Infrared C. Visible light
B. Ultraviolet D. X-rays
3. Sterilization of water from a drinking fountain is an application of what type of
EM waves?
A. Infrared C. X-ray
B. UV light D. Visible light
4. What type of wave is used to produced Infrared Scanners?
A. Gamma rays C. Visible light
B. Infrared D. X-rays
5. What light is produced from heat?
A. Fluorescent light C. Neon light
B. Incandescent light D. Illuminated light

D. Apply

Apply what you have learned!

1. Suppose you are building an incubator and you need a source of heat. Would you use an
incandescent or fluorescent light bulb? Explain your answer.

Application of Penetrating Radiation and Nuclear Energy

LESSON 3
I. Introduction
Radiation particularly associated with nuclear medicine and the use of nuclear energy , along
with x-rays is ionizing radiation, which means that the radiation has sufficient energy to interact with
matter, especially the human body and produce ions. It can eject an electron from an atom.
II. MELC (with code)
Describe some practical applications of X-rays and Gamma rays. ( S10FE-IIc-d-48 )
III. Strategy
Check your understanding!
Directions: State whether the following applications are examples of X-ray or gammaray.

1. Diagnosisof bone fracture

2. CT Scanner
3. Radiotherapy
4. Cancer treatment
5. Nuclear Energy

B. Learn
Activity 5: Guess What!
Directions: State whether the following picture below are examples of X-ray or Gamma ray. Write the
answer on a separate sheet of paper.

Chest Bone Chest Bone

1. ___________________ 2. ___________________

Chest Bone

3. ___________________

Radiation is the transmission of energy in the form of waves or particles through space or through a
material medium. It may take such forms as light, or tiny particles much too small to see. Visible light, the
ultraviolet light we receive from the sun, and transmission signals for TV and radio communications are all
forms of radiation that are common in our daily lives. These are all generally referred to as 'non-ionizing'
radiation, though at least some ultraviolet radiation is considered to be ionizing.
Radiation particularly associated with nuclear medicine and the use of nuclear energy, along with X-
rays, is 'ionizing' radiation, which means that the radiation has sufficient energy to interact with matter,
especially the human body, and produce ions.
Applications of X-Ray (Penetrating Radiation)
X-rays come just after the ultraviolet rays. They are of shorter wavelength but carries higher energy
than the UV.
X-rays are produced using an X-ray tube. They are emitted when fast moving electrons hit a metal
target. X-rays were discovered by Wilhelm Conrad Roentgen in 1895.
 Long wavelength X-rays can penetrate the flesh but not the bones. They are used in X-ray
photography to help doctors look inside the body. They are useful in diagnosing bone fractures and tumors.
Short wavelength X-rays can penetrate even through metals. They are used in industry to inspect
welded joints for faults.
Applications of Gamma Rays (Nuclear Energy)
Gamma rays lie at the other end of the electromagnetic spectrum. They are shortest in wavelength
and highest in frequency. Gamma rays are emitted by only the most energetic cosmic objects such pulsars,
neutron stars, supernova and black holes. Terrestrial sources include lightning, nuclear explosions and
radioactive decay.
Gamma wave wavelengths are measured on the subatomic level and can actually pass through the
empty space within an atom. Gamma rays can destroy living cells; fortunately, the Earth's atmosphere
absorbs any gamma rays that reach the planet.
Gamma rays carry the highest amount of energy thus, they are more dangerous. They can also be
blocked with lead and thick concrete. Gamma rays are very strong that they can kill living cells. Gamma
rays are used to treat cancer through the process called radiotherapy. They are also used for sterilization of
drinking water.

C. Engage
Activity 6: Application and Its Uses!
Directions: Describe the applications of X-rays and Gamma rays using the concept map below.
Write the answer on a separate sheet of paper.

EM Waves

X-rays Gamma Rays

(definition) (definition)
 Applications/Uses Applications/Uses

D. Apply
Check your understanding!
1. Describe the application X-rays and gamma rays.
ASSESSMENT

Directions: State whether the following applications belong X-ray or gamma ray. Write the answer on a
separate sheet of paper.
1. Nuclear Energy
2. Diagnosis of bone fracture
3. Cancer treatment
4. CT Scanner
5. Radiotherapy

I. KEY TO ANSWER

LESSON 1: LESSON 2:
LESSON 3:
Strategy: STRATEGY;
1.C STRATEGY:
1.A
2.B 1.X-RAY
2.B
3.C 2.X-RAY
3.B
4.B 3.GAMMA RAY
4.B
5.C 4. GAMMA RAY
5.B
5.GAMMA RAY
LEARN: LEARN:
1.Radio Wave LEARN:
2. Microwave 1.X-RAY
1.Visible light
3. Radio Wave 2. GAMMA RAY
2.Ultraviolet ray
4. Microwave 3. GAMMA RAY
3. infrared
5. Microwave 4.Visible light
ASSESSMENT:
5. Infrared
ASSESSMENT 1. GAMMA RAY
ASSESSMENT
1.C 2. X-RAY
1.B
2.C 3. GAMMA RAY
2.A
3.B 4. X-RAY
3.B
4.B 5. GAMMA RAY
4.B
5.C 5.B
Prepared by:

REZALYN V. DACUNO
SST III

References:
Books:
Science 10 Learner’s Material pages 150-166
Prentice Hall Exploring Physical Science, Texas Edition, Maton et.al
Pages 641-647
Science – Grade 10 Alternative Delivery Mode
Quarter 2 – Module 2: Practical Application of EM Waves First Edition, 2020

Websites:
https://en.m.wikipedia.org
https://www.olympus-lifescience.com/en/microscope-resource/primer/java/polarizedlight/emwave/
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=VE520z_ugcU-wave
https://www.kiwico.com/diy/Science-Projects-for-Kids/3/project/Wave-Machine/2961
https://www.slideshare.net/dinahdumlao7/electromagnetic-spectrum-em-spectrum
https://sciencestruck.com/electromagnetic-waves-origin-theory
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_electromagnetic_theory
https://www.bbvaopenmind.com/en/science/leading-figures/faraday-electromagnetic-theory-light/
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electromagnetic_spectrum
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=m4t7gTmBK3g
https://www.slideshare.net/bleonacoba/history-of-electromagnetic-waves-dis
https://www.slideshare.net/dinahdumlao7/electromagnetic-spectrum-em-spectrum
https://www2.lbl.gov/MicroWorlds/ALSTool/EMSpec/EMSpec2.html
https://www.esrl.noaa.gov/gmd/education/info_activities/pdfs/CTA_EMS.pdf
https://www.slideshare.net/dionesioable/module-17-wireless-communication
https://www.toppr.com/guides/physics/communication-systems/propagation-of-electromagnetic-waves/
https://www.storyboardthat.com/storyboards/ahmad33294/electromagnetic-wave-theory-comic-strip
https://www.slideshare.net/dionesioable/module-17-wireless-communication
https://www2.lbl.gov/MicroWorlds/ALSTool/EMSpec/EMSpec2.html