Synergy, Evolution, And Culture:

An Introduction To The Fields Of Anthropology

Robert Shanafelt

Table Of Contents

Introduction ............................................................................................... 1

Chapter One: Traditional Knowledge and Scientific

Discovery ................................................................................. 17

Chapter Two: “In the Beginning …” .................................................... 33

Chapter Three: The Bottom Lines of Life: Getting Into and

Breaking Out of Our Cells ......................................................... 47

Chapter Four: Continuity and Change in Skeletal Form ..................... 73

Part Two Introduction ............................................................................. 97

Chapter Five: Social Natures, Monkey and Ape Society, and

Human Implications .................................................................. 99

Chapter Six: Information, Animal Communication, and

Language ............................................................................... 121

Chapter Seven: Early Symbolic Expression and the Building

Blocks of Language ................................................................ 147

Chapter Eight: Technological and Social Evolution .......................... 177

Chapter Nine: Linguistic Relativity, Meaning, and the

Cultural Contexts of Language ............................................... 215

Chapter Ten: Cultural Configurations: Form and Meaning in

the World of Cultural Anthropology ......................................... 245

Concluding Comments ......................................................................... 281