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BULLOUS PEMPHIGOID SUSPECTED INDUCED BY COVID-19

VACCINE AND CYSTITIS IN A GERIATRIC PATIENT


Dini Daniaty1*, Karin Rachmani2, Shannaz Nadia Yusharyahya3, Lili Legiawati4, Rinadewi
Astriningrum5
1-5
Departemen Dermatologi dan Venereologi Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Indonesia -
Rumah Sakit Umum Pusat Nasional dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo, Jakarta, Indonesia
*081358111121, dr.dini.daniaty1987@gmail.com

Abstract

Introduction: bullous pemphigoid (PB) is an autoimmune disease that induce subepidermal bullae
and very common among the elderly. Various precipitating factors such as infection and vaccination
play a role in causing or exacerbating PB. The Covid-19 vaccination can produce a variety of
cutaneous adverse effects including PB. The purpose of this paper is to describe cases of PB relapse
following Covid-19 vaccination. Case: a 77-year-old obese woman complained of blisters on the
palms of her hands, feet, and armpits that started as itchy red areas and were getting worse 2 weeks
following the second dose of Covid-19 vaccination. She also suffered of painful erythematous oedema
on both lower legs. Fever and tachycardia were presented. Erythematous plaques, tense bullae,
erosions, and excoriations were found in the armpits, palms and feet, abdomen, arms, and thighs.
There were no Nikolsky or Asboe-Hansen signs discovered. Erythematous, widespread, warm plaques
were detected on both lower limbs. ALT-70 score of 4, Naranjo score of 4, leucocytosis, high CRP,
and procalcitonin were found. Discussion: vaccination-induced inflammation can cause basement
membrane disruption and reveal hidden antigens, causing autoantibodies to form. Molecular mimicry
initiates PB in bacterial infections. The existence of immunosenescence in the geriatric population can
diminish immune system performance when combined with infectious diseases, resulting in antigens
that can cross-react and activate inflammatory pathways. Conclusion: it is critical to identify and
prevent various precipitating factors to raise patient’s and doctor’s awareness in the case of a future
recurrence of PB.

Keywords: bullous pemphigoid, geriatric, Covid-19 vaccination

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