Salazar Colleges of Science and Institute of Technology

Madridejos Campus

MARKET RESEARCH
Instructor: Mr. Junar S. Desucatan, MBA

Module 1-Research Title

Expected Output: Research Title

The Research Title

 It is the first thing that is usually seen or read.
 Well-written research title draw interest from the readers.
 It gives weight and reputation to the research paper.

What are things to remember in making a research title?

1. The research problem or topic must be chosen by the researcher himself/herself which is
within his/her interest, specialization and competence of the researcher. It must be within the ability of
the researcher to finance, otherwise he/she must be able to find funding for his research.
2. It is researchable and manageable, which means that data are available and accessible. The
data must meet the standards of accuracy, objectivity, and verifiability. Answers to the specific
questions (sub problems) can be found. The hypotheses formulated are testable, that is, they can be
accepted or rejected. Equipment and instruments for research are available and can give valid and
reliable results.
3. The research can be completed within a reasonable period of time. It is significant, important,
and relevant to the present time and situation.
4. The results are practical and implementable and requires original, critical, and reflective
thinking. It can be delimited to suit the resources of the researcher but big or large enough to be able to
give significant, valid and reliable results and generalizations.
5. The study must contribute to human knowledge particularly on the national development
goals for the improvement of the quality of human life. It must show or pave the way for the solution of
the problem or problems intended to be solved.
6. It must not undermine the moral and spiritual values and must not advocate any change in
the present order of things by means of violence but by peaceful means.
7. There must be a return of some kind to the researcher. The return may be: Monetary;
advancement of position, promotion; improved specialization, competence, and skill in professional
work; enhanced prestige and reputation; and satisfaction of intellectual curiosity and interest, and being
able to discover truth.
8. There must be a consideration of the hazards involved, either physical, social, or legal of a
person or other living things.

The following are the guidelines in the formulation of the research title. These are also the
characteristics of the title.
1. Generally, the title is formulated before the start of the research work. It may be revised and
refined later when needed or upon the suggestion of the research committee.
 2. The title must contain the subject matter of the study, the locale of the study and the
population involved.
3. The title indicates what is expected to be found inside the research report by stating the
aspects of the subject matter to be studied.
4. It must be as brief and concise as possible. Maximum of 15 words.
5. Avoid using the terms “An Analysis of,” “A Study of,” “An Investigation of,” and the like. All
these things are understood to have been done or to be done when research is conducted.
6. If the title has more than one line, it must be written like an inverted pyramid and all words
should be capitalized.

The Elements of a Research Title

1. Aim (Purpose) – answer the question, why do I want to conduct this study? A problem
statement should imply the purpose of conducting the study.
2. Topic (Subject Matter) – answers the question, what do I want to study about? The problem
statement should contain the topic of interest of the researcher.
3. Place (Locale) - answers the question, where do conduct the study?
4. Period – answer the questions, how long will it take care for me to finish the study? This
implies the time allotted for the researchers to finish his/her study.
5. Population or Respondents – answer the questions, from whom will my data come from or be
collected? The population or the respondents of the study should also be implied in a research
problem statement.

APPLICATION
1. Think of a topic that interests you.
2. Remember the guidelines in identifying the research topic/title.
3. Write your topic/title of your chosen field of interest in a one
whole sheet of paper.
Module 2- Statement of the Problem

Expected Output: Statement of the Problem

What is a Research Problem?

 A Research problem is a statement about an area of concern, a condition to be improved upon,
a difficulty to be eliminated, or a troubling question that exists in a scholarly literature, theory or
practice that point to the need for a meaningful understanding and deliberate investigation.
 It may be expressed in declarative or interrogative form.
 Commonly called the heart of the research, is what the researchers aim to answer later as they
go through the research endeavor.

CHARACTERISTICS OF A RESEARCH PROBLEM

The following must be considered in constructing a research problem;
 A research problem is not just answerable by yes or no. It should imply that
explanations and justifications regarding the true situation or observation are required.
 A research problem implies relationship between the variables of the study
 The problem should be stated in clear, unambiguous manner.
 A researchable problem must imply interpretation and analysis of data.

CRITERIA FOR EVALUATION OF A GOOD RESEARCH PROBLEM

1. Novel. A good research problem should be something that is new. It may be a new process,
product, or principle.
2. Interesting. A good research problem should draw attention and interest from other people.
3. Practical. The aim of research is to improve people’s quality of living. A good research problem
then should be useful and beneficial to its target population.
4. Innovative. A good research problem should improve the current state of existing technology.
5. Cost-effective. A good research problem should provide a good value for money, time
resources, and manpower while conducting a study.

The research problem should be SMART.

1. S – Specific. The research problem must be specifically stated.
2. M – Measurable. The research problem must be quantifiable or observable.
This may include interviews, surveys, or recorded observations such as videos and audio
recordings.
3. A – Attainable. A research problem should be easily achieved, solved, or
answered by the researcher after all valid procedures had been carried out.
4. R – Realistic. It should be possible for the researchers to perform the
experimentations or observations needed to solve their problems.
5. T – Time bound. Researchers should also consider the time allotment for their
research. They should think of a research problem that could be carried out in the given
time period.
  The Statement of the Problem, is also called the heart of the research study, is where the
general and specific problems or objectives are presented.
 The introductory statement in this section is usually the general problem or goal based from
the research title. This is followed by specific problems or objectives that will thoroughly studied
in the course of the research.
 More often, specific problems are stated in interrogative form, while research objectives are
stated in declarative form.
 Specific problems need to be answered by statements of hypotheses, while research objectives
may not be followed by a hypothesis.

IMPORTANT ELEMENTS OF THE STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEMS (General Problem)

1. MAIN TASKS
- they satisfy the questions, “what to do” with the major variables such as to associate, to
relate, to assess, to measure, to determine, etc.
2. MAIN or MAJOR VARIABLES
3. PARTICIPANTS: Subjects or Respondents
4. The Specific Setting
5. Coverage date of the conduct of the study
6. For development research, the intended outputs such as an intervention
program, module, policies, among others.

APPLICATION
Formulate the “Statement of the Problem” part of your market research. Fill in the
following items.

Title of your Research:

__________________________________________________
General Problem:
The researchers aim to ___________________________________
____________________________________________________________
__________________________

Specifically, the researcher seeks to answer the following questions:

_________________________________________________________________

Module 3-The Market Research Paper

Expected Output: Introduction

 THE RESEARCH PAPER

After doing all the necessary procedures in identifying the research topic or research title, a
research write-up or a research paper must be written. A research paper is composed of five (5)
chapters. The following are the most common components of the research paper;
Chapter 1 - The Problem and Its Scope
 Rationale of the Study (Problem/Objective)
 Theoretical /Conceptual Framework
 Statement of the Problem
 Statement of Hypothesis
 Significance of the Study
 Scope and Limitation of the Study
 Definition of Terms

Chapter 2 – Review of Related Literature

Chapter 3 - Research Methodology
 Research Design
 Flow of the Study
 Environment of the Study
 Respondents
 Research Instruments and Procedures
 Statistical Treatment
Chapter 4 - Data Presentation, Analysis, and Interpretation
Chapter 5 - Summary, Conclusions, and Recommendations
Bibliography
Appendices

Chapter 1. INTRODUCTION /THE PROBLEM AND ITS SCOPE

This is the first part of a research paper, the Introduction or the Problem and Its Scope. It
consists of the following parts;
a. Rationale of the Study
b. Theoretical / Conceptual Framework
c. Statement of the Problem
d. Hypotheses
e. Significance of the Study
f. Scope and Limitation of the Study
g. Definition of Terms

a. RATIONALE OF THE STUDY

The Rationale of the Study is sometimes called as Background of the Study gives the readers
important information about the research being conducted. The following are its features;
1. It cites the reason why the researcher chooses to study a particular topic.
 The researcher writes his/her personal observations, difficulties, issues, and other
relevant experiences that led him/her to conduct a study about the topic at hand.
 He / She may cite relevant studies that might have caught his/her interest to pursue
such study.
 2. It describes the setting or the place where the research will take place.
 Different localities have different needs to be addressed, thus, it is important to note
where the study will be conducted.

3. It presents the bases that may support or negate the claims of the researcher.
 A researcher may present relevant literatures related to the study he/she is conducting.
4. It gives justification for the need for the research study.
 The researcher may cite benefits and other advantages that the research study might
present after it has been done.
 The researcher must establish the importance to conduct the research study.
 Once established, he/she push to start working on the problem.
In summary, the Rationale of the Study provides a brief explanation on how the study was
conceived, how will it be conducted, and the possible contribution it may give to the society (Clemente,
et. al 2016).
It is very important in establishing the cognitive setting of the research and it involves the
following;
a. discussion why there is a need to study the problem
b. clarifies the important technologies for the reader to easily understand
what the research is about
c. establishes the degree of seriousness of the problem which has prompted
the researcher to look for solutions.
The following questions will aid the researcher in formulating the introduction:
1. What is the rationale of the research problem?
2. What is the setting of the research problem?
3. What is the basic literature foundation of the study?
4. How serious is the chosen research problem?
5. What is the general objective of the research problem?
6. What is the overall purpose of the research problem?

APPLICATION
Formulate the Introduction of your market research.