32 Tiga et prodction and Total Qualty Management (Ms) Tndosrial ‘Application ‘automobiles, electrical goods Jand consumer |e Chemical, Petroleum, Mik Processing etc a Introduction to Preducuon Manogement. wr 3 lowing best represents a pure service? 8 and repair best represents a pure gos? changeabilty of pars, division of labour, vo tasks best focuser. ne sen ot bow terms ‘purpose equipment,” exible and capable of ing work" and "wide variety of goods or services” best relate (Project Wr Job shop (il) Flow shop (Ww) Continuous flowa yn and Total Quality ‘Management (vis) TT vipur's™ Productos ) Inveducton to Production Managemen. wT 35 ples of the necessary input production factors are Flaw sare ‘ofthe conversion of inputs into output Labour, Contr, Goods, Feedback (©) The exam Capital, Land, Service, Feedback ne me poten Input, Gorverson Process, Output Feeback (6) The scope ot Se Output, Transformation, ' pa of Prod keting Saar ay wd nin) gy Steno en * oe is more standardized ve Quality of Good (When services are pu uct process ate purchase customer, Prost tramerengie a purchased by the customer, te ownership Cee (@) Fainting a wal by any speciic colour is an example of mass orm making, readymade garments, pharmaceutical Production arg (h) Sugarcane processi Uniform making, rt si cletaaien aban * ing to produce sugar is an (arm sing reno (oct 1) a 19 10 produce sugar is an example of process ee (0 Construction of Metro rails project type production. (April 18) Batch Security is Process Type (oct. ns.: (a) True, (m) Oe Conversion Output are basic factors of (Oct. 18) he 7 , a men False, (0) False, (e) True, (f) False, (g) False, treo (4) Matet mn: te rae rare oe lnventory Tumover Rat sg raw material nto finish indard Products ‘Succeeds Production Manageme i) ‘s the process of transforming raw mate “a Feedback of Output of ee c cruae “Aprn 19) a ly Skileg Workers ‘goods forsale. (Apri reen Production oduction of ing Progustor/Packaging) eae fiarket Factor ecig a ply (6) Sal (8) Cost ang Intermittent Production ‘Special Purpose Machines [Ans.: (a) Managing ca He Coan: () Etlectveness; (g)Erfcency, (h) Advertsing (©) Operations Management ations Etat Conversion Process, Out em salt eee one (Batch Type: (m) Production Process; (n) Production] Corrective action (2) Fitin tw Banks: Mass Production Environmental Friendly =i rroduction is defined as “the step-by-step ‘of ane form of oral nto another form through chemical or mechanical process to THEORY QUESTIONS create or enhance the utility of the product to the user’ (1) Define Production Management. Discuss the components of Production (&) Intermitent Production System means it is not production © is loss connected with raw materia or inputs Hairdresser is an example of Production system. Production System is flexible. whereas Continuous Production System is not. {[Ans.:(e) conversion, (b) continuous, (¢) Waste, (d) Job, (2). Stute whether the following statements are True or Fal (@) Ax organization consists mainly of five important functional ‘subsystems, viz. Finance, Production and Operations, Marketing, ‘Human Resource and Management Information System. ” (b) The principal activity in all production operations is to transform inpuls 4 with sutable processes into outputs thal satisfy consumer wants. advantages and batch production? What are its characteristics, advantages and 5? ‘mass production? What are its characteristics, advantages and Intermittent) ject production? What characteristics, advantages and process production? What are its characterises, advantages and tions?Product Development, Classification and ...... gee 2 a QUESTIONS Multiple Choice Questions: (a) b) () @ (e) 0) (9) Determining standards of performance of various parameters, viz., Cost, Quality, Safety, etc. is (Appraising Contormance (ii) Planning for Improvement (WY Setting Standard (iv) None of the above Is not a step in New Product Development process? () Concept development and testing @® Mass Production (iii) Test marketing (iv) Commercialization ——_____ ideas are generated from internal sources? () 20% to 30% (ii) 30% to 40% (FIT 50% to 60% (iv) 70% to 80% Is not a type of consumer products? (i) Convenience products (ii) Specialty Products (iii) Shopping Products fe} Materials and parts For better process design, every process should be (i) Capable of handling inputs (ii) Systematic Legitimate (4) without any Goal Market Pull and inter-functional view are strategies for (Oct. 18) AT Product development (ii) Pragess Design (iii) Quality Management (iv) New Product Introduction Technology Push and inter-functional view are strategies for ease (Oct 16) (i) Product development (ii) Process DesignCO 74 (2) @) (4) rrr Viput’s™ Production and Total Quality Management (BMS) (il) Quality Management (WF New Product Introduction (h) _____ means determining the shape, standard and pattern of the product. (April 19) (Product Design/Product Process/Product Sale) fAns.: (a) “Setting Standard, (b) Mass Production, (c) 50% 10 60%: (d) Materials and parts; (e) without any Goal, (f) Product Developmen, (9) New Product Introduction; (h) Product design] Fill in the blanks: (2) The ___ design phase provides a translation between the requirements analysis and the detail design. (®) Design for Sustainability is the Design for ______and_sociaj requirements. (ce) The _____ designing includes decisions regarding its shape, size, tolerance, colour and appearance of the product. (d)_ The functional design identifies what its design object is to do and is more concemed with what is to be done. (@) _Interchangeability of parts possible for worn out and damaged parts it is adopted in new product development. [Ans.: (a) functional, (b) Green or Environmental, (c) form, (d) specification (FDS), (e) Standardization] ‘State whether the following statements are True or False: (a) Normally Functional Design follows Form Design. (b) Design for Assembly precedes Design for Manufacturing. (c) Simplification is opposite to that of Diversification. (April 18) (a) Modular design for a product is always good for improving maintainability of the product. (e) Product design does not include the design of services. [Ans.: (a) False, (b) True, (c) True, (d) True, (e) False] Match the Column: { Group ‘A’ Group ‘B’ (a) Automation (i) Expert knowledge, skill and techniques (b) Ergonomics (ii) Capital item (c) Convenience products | (iii) Simplification (d) Accessory equipment’ | (iv) Environment friendly design and production (e) Specialization (v) Consumer Products (vi) Human factors consideration (vil) Elimination of human intervention (vill) Materials and Parts pa [Ans.: (a - vii); (b.- vi); (¢ - v); (a- ii); (e- i)pert Location ror 9 * Choose the alternative that has the highest composite score Factor Rating Example: “Factors Weight | Location A | Location A Score | Location B | Location B Score | = cee (ee) 2) (3) =(1)«(2) @ (5) =(1)x (4) Labour cost 03 10 30 9 27 Naamess to market 02 7 14 3 06 Tx 0.4 7 0o7 5 05 Neamess to raw materials 04 8 32 6 24 Total 1.00 = 83 - 62 (1) As location A has higher score hence it is recommended. QUESTIONS OBJECTIVE QUESTIONS Multiple Choice Questions: (a) A dominant factor that influences the location decision of a manufacturing firm is: Transportation cost (ii) Proximity to markets (iii) Location to competitors (iv) Climate changes (b) When considering foreign locations, crime, and the threat of terrorism fall under which category? (i) Cultural Differences (ii) Market (iii) Financial (WP Safety (c) Which of the following is not a step in the general procedure for making location decisions? (i) Develop location alternatives (ii) Evaluate the alternatives and make a selection (if Gain government approval of location alternatives (iv) Decide on criteria for evaluating altematives and Identify important factors (e.g., location of markets) (d) Which is a major consideration when choosing to operate in a region? (i) identifying a community (7 location to raw materials90 (2) (3) (4) (e) SPT viputre™ Production and Total Quality Management (BMS) (ill) possible sites available (iv) the minimum wage rate Location decisions should consider all of the following except (Access to labour skills (i, Access to markets oy Product Cost (iv) Local government tax incentives [Ans.: (a) Transportation cost, (b) Safety, (¢) Gain government approval of location altematives; (d) location to raw materials; (e) Product Cost] State whether the following statements are True or False: (a) (b) (c) (a) e) Most organizations try to find the one best location. Plant location can contribute to the difference between profit and loss for a firm. A location decision may be either to replace an existing facility with another one or to expand an existing facility, add a new one, or else. It is more important for a production facility to be near the potential market than for a service facility. The location decision falls under long term planning. (April 18) [Ans.: (a) False, (b) True, (c) True, (d) False, (e) True] Fill in the blanks: (a) (b) (c) (@) (e) In Factor Rating method of Evaluating Location Alternatives, the weights sum is : In Location cost-volume analyses (Break even Analysis), we determine total cost for the expected level of output. Soil, size and topography is related factor influencing Location decision. Availability of Raw Material is related factor influencing Location decision. Banking facilities is related factor influencing Location decision. [Ans.: (a) 1, (b) lowest, (c) Site, (d) Region, (e) Community] Match the Column: Group ‘A’ Group ‘B” (a) (b) (c) (d) (e) Availability of Labour Failure in Location Decision NANO car project Break Even Analysis Availability of Power Region related factor Weight Transportation Model Disposal of waste Factor Comparison Method Community related factor Objective of Location Decision (viii) Site related factor [Ans.: (a - vii); (b - i); (c (d— iv); (e — vii]Hs Pant Loyout wr (v) Lower cost/unit of output, due to the greater productivity using the same number of workers. (vi) Savings from the indirect labour, from reduced errors, rework, repairs and rejects. Disadvantages of FMS (i) Limited ability to adapt to changes in product or product mix (ex. machines are of limited capacity and the tooling necessary for products, even of the same family, is not always feasible in a given FMS). (i) Substantial pre-planning activity. (iii) Expensive, costing millions of dollars. (iv) Technological problems of exact component positioning and Precise timing necessary to process a component. (v) Sophisticated manufacturing systems. QUESTIONS OBJECTIVE QUESTIONS (1) Multiple Choice Questions: (a) Which one of the following is not generally regarded as an advantage of product layouts? (i) Material handling costs per unit are low (ii)_ Labour costs are low per unit The system is fairly tlexible to changes in volume of output (iv) unit costs may be lower than with other processes (b) A_______ layout is an arrangement based on the sequence of operations that are performed during the manufacturing of a good or the delivery of a service. (i) Group (il) Process tr Product (iv) Fixed position (c) Which of the following is not a reason for facility layout studies? (i) There is significant change in demand or throughput volume. (ii) A ney good or service is introduced to the customer benefit package. (ili) Accounts receivable increases significantly. @eP Different process, equipment and/or technology are installed. (a) A key advantage of a process layout is 4 Flexible equipment and resources (ii) High degree of automation16 (ill) Smooth flow of materials (lv) High levels of inventory (e) Which type of layout is adopted in soap manufacturing plants? (), Stationary layout Combined layout (Wil) Product layout (lv) Process layout i Oo 2 _ pertains to planning of the space available for production activities. (April 19) (Plant Layout/Plant Location/Plant Management) [Ans.: (a) the system is fairly flexible to changes in volume of output; (b) Product; (¢) Different process, equipment and/or technology are installed; (d) Flexible equipment and resources; (e) Combined layout; (f) Plant layout] (2) Fillin the blanks: (@) In Cellular Manufacturing, generally machines are arranged in Viput’s"™ Production and Total Quality Management (BMS) form. (b) Another name for functional Layout is layout. (c) Ship building requires type layout. (a) For Refineries layout is suitable. (e) A breakdown of one machine in a Layout may cause stoppages of machines in the downstream of the line. [Ans.: (a) U, (b) Process, (¢) Stationary or Fixed Position, (d) Line or Product, (e) product or line] (3) State whether the following statements are True or False: (a) A good layout is one that involves backtracking. (b) Line layout is also called as Product layout. (April 18) (c) Visibility does not form a part of Good Layout. (d) In Product layout, all the facilities are brought and arranged around one workstation. (e) Only the properly laid out plant can ensure the smooth and rapid movement of material from the raw material stage to the end product stage. [Ans.: (a) False, (b) True, (c) False, (d) False, (e) True] (4) Match the Column: Group ‘A’ Group ‘B’ (a) Cement Industries () Process Layout (b) Dam construction (il) Cellular Layout (ec) Backtracking (ill) Inexpensive (d) Lean Manufacturing (iv) Stationary Layout (e) Ladder Layout (v) Closed Loop Layout (vi) Open Field Layout (vil) Line Layout (vill) Flexible Manufacturing System [Ans.: (a — vii); (6 — iv); (c - i); (d - li); (e — vili)]14 production and Total Quality Management (By) 360 TO vipur in the market, material o the firm for its production ata high price for making sp (© Forward buying: In this method, suppliers and the purchase department enters into a contract in which latter agrees to | and supplies in future at a y, both the parties are certain of specific future date. buy a specific quantity of pre-agreed price. In this the execution of contrac called buying for future. Such contract can be traded in the commodity market, if circumstances changes. industries such as food processing or where raw material is available in a specific season, such type of buying is resorted to. The goods purchased constitute a huge quantity as they are required to be used throughout the year. Hence, it is purchased keeping in view the yearly requirement and stored appropriately by the organization. (8) Electronic Procurement: It is the process of purchasing online through internet. It is also known by the name of the supplier (7) Seasonal Buying: In ce ‘exchange platform where all the stakeholders such as vendor and buyers and processes such as_ e-tendering, e-auctioning, e-invoicing, e-payment, etc. are interconnected. QUESTIONS ‘OBJECTIVE QUESTIONS. (1) Multiple Choice Questions: ‘Which one ofthe following is not included in the 7 R's in purchasing? () Quality i) Price DA production @ fun iota 17 “pean metageerece7 Placement of purchase order urcasing pr ay ‘backdoor buying process ensure that al hard copes of purchase ene SP Sccuments ae fled corecty n'a sones oe? 28 OPH acme develop integrated supply strategies that support hucrese and objectives “ ‘Spend analysis, Contract management Cost management ‘Supplier selection Purchasing is primarily a clerical activity. (Apri 18) {b) Supply management is also known as procurement at many frms and ‘government agencies. (@) In collaborative relationships, buyers and suppers can work together to mutually share the benefits of leaming curves and procucaity improvements. ‘only materials design activities. [Ans.: (a) False, (b) True, (c) True, (A) True, (e) Fas]158 SEEPW —viput’s™ Production and Toto! Quolty Management (BMS) and he gets, over a period of time, exposed to broader aspects of the materials function. 7 ‘OBJECTIVE QUESTIONS lultiple Choice Questions: ‘Systematic approach in planning, procurement, storage and material handling s0 ae to maximize company's investment in materials is (Investment planning (Integrates Materials Management thy Praneat cot (iv) Allof the above (b) Department of Purchase function should be aware of the folowing, Current price trend anal Current trends in product material Current trends in technology of material BA Allof the above (©) “Issuing the material upon request and accounting the material is a responsibilty of folowing department in Materials, Management ‘Source Development Materials Planning Stores (iv) Allof the above (@) Forecasting is a responsibilty of following department in Materials Management (Source Development BA Nateriais Planning Stores Allof the above owing is not a scope or function of Integrated Materials ‘Management (0) Production Planning (i) Storing and Warehousing (AR Sales of Finished Goods (iv). Transportation Integrated Materials management ‘operating role © ‘Materials Management ® 4 __ RFQ means Request FT means Request Handling, wT 159 __ includes jobs lke dropping, releasing, holding and ‘Stacking of material. (Oct. 18) Purchase Management Inventory Management ‘Management Management ted Materials Management; (b) All of the above, rials Planning; (@) Sales of Finished Goods; (f) Material reduction technique. Purchasing consists of sourcing and Procuring Group 8 affecting quality (@) Sourcing s a part of (e) Integrated Materials Department (4) Disposal of Scrap (@) Challenge of Material Management [Ans.: (a— vill; (=v): (e~ i) Purchase (ii) Balancing of inter departmental178 A Viput’s™ Production and Total Quolty Management (BMS) QUESTIONS VE QUESTIONS | led machinos a8 transtor nveyors and transport systoms. ‘Aided Design | Computer-Aided Engineering (CAD/ Computer-Aided Manutac Enterprise Resource Plann oF Automated Storage and Ret (b) Which of the following do not ‘conveyors? Br Products are bulky, large or heavy ‘The route does no v P) Systems (ASRS) resent a requirement for fixed-path is required inspoction or in-process storage h Variable Destination Material to certain areas, Input > Storage of Inputs > Moving ished goods to Warehouses -> to roduction > 9) Handling/taterial Procuring) jement/Mat [Ans. ‘Storage &%d Retrieval Systems (ASRS), (b) Products are bulky, large or heavy, (c)Inflexibity; (d) Receipt of Input ~> Storage of Inputs > Moving to Production => Moving of Finished goods to Warehouses to final Customer; (e) Sourcing and Purchasing: (1) Material handling] ‘Material Handling Systems increases? or 179 le whether the following statements are True or False: ‘Material handling cost per unit decreases as the size of the unit load (b) Never ride on hoisted loads or hooks being moved by cranes. involves only protec Inventory. vetoci th When racks are [Ans.: (a) True, (b) Ta ing: ‘can be stacked in any manner. (April 18) nding Does Not Add Value To The Product; Only Handling does not involve movement of Material, but Jn, and storage and control of mi to the average speed (in miles/nour) of handling equipment in a warehouse. rials. Handling Equipments are ime but increase material sles are an acceptable place to store materials, (6) False, (d) True, (e) True, (f) True, (9) False, (h) Falso, () True, () False, (k)True, (I) False) [Group Used for moving unit loads both horizontally and vertically Equipment used for holding or bfering materials over a period of time handle Ww ” Fork Lift Trucks Material Han Aut» Guided Vehicle (AGV) Conveyers Adaptability and Flexibility Storage Material Handling Equipment 1) Comfortable working conditions (=v). (h- vil}wee view Production and Total Quality Manogemen: (Oy = Minimum Level + ROQ = 600 +900 = 1500 Units per Week = (Min Level + Max Level) /2 = (600 + 1500) / 2 = 1050 Units [[evestons (1) Multiple Choice Questions: To ane selective itera used in ABC ANAIySIs for cl snization’s on hand inventory Is ihe 232 (6) Maximum Level (Average Level Analysis. (b) Pareto's aw is also known as @ XZ (i) SOE OT ABC © ‘Which of the following is not an element of Ordering Cost »~ ‘Storing Cost 5 tart pce {(li) Internet Cost for placing purchase order oe ares a it. tn ‘organization's on hand inventory Is. rea AN Unit Price (i) Annual Demand (Ql) Annual Consumption Value S aeerereee ee Eatery wc so on {Just in Time inventory (il) Reorder Point oe ‘ordering cost. (Oct. 18) rg heneting comm (Production cost (il) Processing Bi Inventory Cost (lv) Purchasding o Inventory Manogement www a Ordored to be purchased at the 1 department for replenishment of iy which is consumed during Average ary arge tan Tower rma Invent cag orang cot 8 “ (1) Explain how excess invent rode | corporate profitably. (2) What are the reasons for holding inventory (inventory functionality)?ValUdl i tuuucuvry on we 1¥: ne »! Total Productivity: 1.25 Times. QUESTIONS OBJECTIVE QUESTIONS (1) Multiple Choice Questions: (a) Which of the following factor does not influence productivity? (i) Material (ii) Technology {ij Previous Capital (iv) Labour© @ Business (go) Toe working capa! ‘Service Flow Models 280 o eee Taylor Devis Tar a (iv) APC Model Which are the factors called 8s not considered in total factor produetiviyy ea “he toting is considered in American Productiviy Cote Model? BD Price Recovery (i) Price Detlator (i) Wages and Salary Office Expenses Input 0 re te ratio of output to input in organization. (Oct, 1 (Safety Cost (i) Inventory Ratio (i, Performance index Productivity is the ratio between what is produced to what ¢ ‘required to produce it. (April 19) Quanity Activ Previous Ee) tre working capital, (c) Craig and Hanks Manager; (e) Price Recovery, () Productivity; (f) Productivity) the blanks: productivity models developed by American Produc Center __partial producti is ratio of Output to combined vabed Materials consumed. is the simple formula for measuring Productivity. More crops per drop of waters related to partial produc. MS Productivity Model, S stands for . ‘APC model, (b) Materia (d) Wels ce) is, (6) Outputnput, (a) Productivity Management is not important in increasing organization's the resources inputs are combined value of land ‘sumed, tivity is the ratio of real value of output 10 the labour, energy and material, ‘THEORY QUESTIONS (4) Short Answer Questions: Productivity. What is the importance ot productivity ments? various Partial Productivity measures. Discuss Total Factor Productivity (TFP) measures.@ Does not reflect opinic vf Non-customer. 1 : ers. qi) Dees not provide comparative information gi) Difficult to get unbiased information, | QUESTIONS | OBJECTIVE QUESTIONS le Choice Questions: views quality as function of enti i particular department of product. (Oct. et eee cee (i) Cost of Quality — (i) Ho Quality Management (iii) Quality Improvement (iv) Kaizen is the performance of the product as per the commitment made by producer. (Oct. 18) (i) Total Quality Management (ii) Purchase Material ) Quality (iv) Product development () _ should be aimed at the needs of the customer, present and future. (April 19) (Quantity/Quality/Productivity) [Ans.: (a) Holistic Quality Management, (b) Quality; (c) Quality) (b)COS 326 (2) @) (4) rrr Vipul’s™ Production and Total Quality Management (BMS) Fill in the blanks: (@) One of the absolutes of Crosby is the performance standard of quality 1s _ __ defects. (b) Kaizen means to modify, to change and Zen means (©) SERVQUALisa ____ measuring instrument. (a) Garvin identified attributes that may be used to define Product quality. (©) Quality Control is a product focused concept, whereas Quality Assurance is a focused concept. fAns.: (a) Zero, (b) Think. Make Good, Make Better, (c) Service Quality, (d) eight, (e) Process} Match the Columi Group ‘A’ Group ‘B’ (a) Product Quality Dimension | (i) Deming Cycle (b) Service Quality Dimension | (ii) Customer focused organization (c) TQM (iii) Process Quality Focused concept (a) Quality Controt (iv) 14 principles for top management and 4 points Philosophy (e) Kaizen (v) 14. steps for quality program improvement and Four Absolutes (f) ~=PDCA (vi) Joseph Juran (g)_ Dr. W. E. Deming (vil) Performance and Aesthetics (h) Fishbone Analysis (viii) Assurance and Empathy Cost of Quality (ix) Product Quality Focused concept Quality Measuring Too! (x) _Ishikowa (k) Philip Crosby (xi) Servqual () Quality Assurance (xii) Costs of Poor Quality (m) Prevention and Appraisal | (xiii) Group voluntary activity Cost (n) Internal and External | (xiv) Continuous Improvement failure (0) Quality Circle (xv) Costs of achieving good quality [Ans.: (a - vii (d — ix); (e — xiv); (f — i); (g — iv); (h - x); (i- vi); G — xi); (k — v); (I - iil); (m — xv); (n = xii); (0 - xiii] State whether the following statements are True or False: (a) Philip Crosby formulated PDCA cycle. (b) Anaesthetics refers to as to how a product looks. (c) Quality is fitness for use stated by Ishikawa. (d) Imai and Kaizen are antonyms. (e) TQM requires management to reject change. (April 18) [Ans.: (a) False, (b) True, (c) False, (d) False, (e) False]380 a) (2) (a) (2) (3) TT vipurs™ Production and Total Quality Management (BMS) QUESTIONS | OBJECTIVE QUESTIONS | Fill in the blanks: (a) (b) ________ at many organizations simply means a measure of quality that strives for near perfection. The fundamental objective of the Six Sigma methodology is the implementation of a strategy that focuses on process improvement and variation reduction through the application of Six Sigma improvement projects. (c) 1SO 9000 is a series of standards dealing with management systems. (d) The is a formal statement from management, closely linked to the business and marketing plan and to customer needs. (e) _______ is the international specification for an Environmental Management System. (Oct. 18) (f) ISO stands for Organization for Standardisation. (April 19) (Indiarvinternational/institutional) (g) Under _______ process, 99.99966% of products created are expected to be statically free from defects. (April 19) (Kaizen/Six Sigma/Lean) (h) ______- defines quality in terms of the social loss, loss to producer and consumer. (April 19) (Deming/Taguchi/Kepner and Tregor) [An Policy, (e) ISO 14001, (f) International, (g) six sigma, (h) Taguchi] Match the Column: : (a) Six Sigma, (b) Measurement-based, (c) Quality, (d) Quality Group ‘A’ Group ‘B’ (a) Muda’ (i) Waste of Overburden (b) Mura (il) 10 Grading Criteria (c) Muri, (ill) 7 Grading Criteria (d) Baldrige Award (iv) Problem Solving (e) Deming Prize (v) Robust Design (f) Taguchi (vi) Unevenness (g)_ 1SO 14000 (vil) 7 Wastes (h)_KEPNER TREGOE (viti) Environmental management i [Ans.: (a= vil); (b — vi); (=i); (d = ii); (e — il); (Fv); (g— vill); (hv) THEORY QUESTIONS Explain the steps to be followed in implementing quality system ISO 9001. What are the requirements of ISO 14000? Explain them briefly. Define quality system and explain the evaluation of ISO 9000.