Victoria Manzhay MPB 19-1

28/02/2023
3. Read the text and fill in the gaps with the appropriate field of law.
1.Constitutional Law
2.Administrative Law
3.Criminal Law
4.Procedural Criminal Law
5.Civil Procedure
6.Financial Law
7.Civil Law
8.Matrimonial Law
9.Commercial Law
10.Labor Law
IV. WRITING
1. Imagine that you are a lawyer. Write a brief note about what sphere of law
you prefer to practice in, point out advantages and disadvantages of being a
practitioner in this field.
I prefer to practice in criminal law.
Advantages of practicing criminal law:
Challenging Work: Criminal law can be one of the most challenging areas of law to
practice, but for those who enjoy a good challenge, it can also be one of the most
rewarding
Variety of Work: Criminal law cases can vary widely, from drug offenses to white-
collar crimes to murder cases. This variety can keep the work interesting and
challenging.
Ability to Make a Difference: Practicing criminal law can give lawyers the
opportunity to make a real difference in the lives of their clients. Winning a case can
mean the difference between going to jail and going free.
Disadvantages of practicing criminal law:
Emotional Toll: Criminal law can be emotionally taxing, particularly when dealing
with clients who are accused of heinous crimes. The stress of the job can take a toll
on a lawyer's mental health.
Long Hours: Criminal lawyers often work long hours, especially during trial
preparation and when trying a case. This can lead to burnout and a poor work-life
balance.
Risk of Violence: Criminal lawyers may face the risk of violence from clients,
witnesses, or even opposing counsel. This can be a real concern, particularly in high-
profile cases.
2. Prepare a report on topic: «Important and complex legal issues raised in
Ukraine during last year».
Human Rights:
During the last year, human rights have been an important legal issue in Ukraine, in
the context of the ongoing war in Ukraine. Violations of human rights by the Russian
military, including arbitrary detention, torture and killing of innocent people.
Constitutional Amendments:
One of the most significant legal issues in Ukraine over the past year has been the
constitutional amendments that were adopted in December 2020. These amendments
included changes to the judicial system, decentralization, and the role of the
President. The adoption of these amendments has been controversial, with some
arguing that they give too much power to the President and undermine the
independence of the judiciary.
Judicial Reform:
Another significant legal issue in Ukraine over the past year has been the ongoing
judicial reform efforts. The reform efforts have included changes to the appointment
process for judges, the creation of a new High Court, and the introduction of new
procedures for disciplinary proceedings against judges. These reforms have been seen
as important steps towards ensuring the independence and integrity of the judiciary in
Ukraine.
Corruption:
Corruption remains a significant legal issue in Ukraine, with the country ranking
poorly on international indices measuring corruption. While these cases have been
seen as important steps towards combating corruption, there are concerns about
political influence over the judicial system and the potential for selective prosecution.
V. OVER TO YOU
LAW QUIZ
Contract law:
If performance of a contract is impossible, what is the reason for contract ending? d.
frustration.
Criminal law:
A Which of the following procedures does a defendant have a right to have counsel
present? b. a line up after formal criminal proceedings have commenced.

Employment law:
1. Which of the following is not valid reason to bring an unlawful discrimination case
against your employer? d. hair colour.
2. False. It is illegal for an employer to treat employees less favorably because of
their employment status, whether they work part-time, full-time, or on a fixed-term
contract.
Administrative law:
True. Adjudication is a process of resolving disputes by an administrative agency
that is similar to a judicial process.
Constitutional law:
The President of the USA must be 35 years of age to hold office. Accordingly to the
Constitution, how old must a State representative be? b. 25.
Arrange the sentences in the correct order. Read the joke and discuss it with
your fellow student.
1. A young lawyer, in the process of opening a new private practice, was very
anxious to impress potential clients.
2. Upon seeing a man enter the lobby of his office, he immediately picked up his
phone and spoke into it, "Eight hundred thousand dollars? You're kidding me.
You're going to have to do better than that. Our bottom line for settlement is a
million. Don't waste my time with anything less."
3. Slamming down the phone, he then turned to the man who had just walked in,
and said, "Now, what can I do for you?"
4. "Nothing," replied the man. "I'm here to hook up your phone."
The joke portrays the lawyer as being overly eager to impress potential clients, to the
point where he is willing to have fake conversations on the phone in front of them.
The punchline, where the man reveals that he is there to hook up the lawyer's phone,
highlights the absurdity of the lawyer's behavior and adds a humorous twist to the
story. This joke can be used to discuss the importance of honesty and professionalism
in the legal profession.
Unit 1. Constitutional Law Section
1. The Nature of Constitutional Law
I. WARMING-UP
1. Sort out the following verbs into three columns depending on their
pronunciation:
[d]: established, claimed, linked
[t]: outlined, mentioned, adopted, construed, applied
[Id]: believed, connected, influenced
2. a. Read the definition given below.
Constitution is defined as a set of basic laws and principles that a country is governed
by.
b. Add one sentence of your own to the given definition.
Constitution is the supreme law of the land that sets out the framework for the
organization of government, outlines the rights and freedoms of citizens, and
establishes the limits of government power.
II. COMPREHENSION
1. Make up the plan of the text to outline the general ideas.
Title: Understanding Constitutional Law
I. Introduction
 Definition of constitutional law
 Importance of defining constitutional law
 The three meanings of the constitution
II. Historical background
 Aristotle's classification of governments
 The concept of concentration of powers and separation of powers
 The notion of social contract
III. Influence on the US and France
 Influence on the US Constitution
 Influence on the French Declaration of the Rights of Man and the Citizen
IV. Understanding constitutional law
 Constitutional law as the study of foundational laws of nation states
 The range and application of the terms of the Constitution
 The complexity and breadth of constitutional law
  Interpretation and application of the Constitution
V. Conclusion
 The importance of considering constitutional history, political practice, and
conventions in understanding constitutional law.
2. Answer the questions to check your level of understanding the text:
a. The motives for seeking the definition of constitutional law are to settle
conventional questions of usage within the legal system for purposes of exposition
and to establish the existence of clear distinction between rules of strict law and rules
established by political practice or constitutional convention.
b. According to Aristotle, the best form of constitution is the combination of
monarchy, aristocracy and democracy so that citizens could realize their rights and
carry out the duties for the benefit of the whole society.
c. The development of constitutional law is connected with the works of Thomas
Hobbes, John Locke, and other scholars who claimed the concept of concentration of
powers and separation of powers and developed the notion of social contract.
d. Constitutional law is broad and complex because it is the body of law governing
the implementation and interpretation of the constitution, which covers fundamental
aspects of the application of government authority in nation-states.
e. Two points of view of the constitution mentioned in the text are that some
constitutional lawyers maintain that the Constitution purposely remains vague and
subject to interpretation so that it may be adopted to the circumstances of a changing
society, while other constitutional scholars maintain that the provisions of the
Constitution should be strictly construed and their provisions applied in a very literal
manner.
f. A constitutional lawyer has to take into consideration the existing conventions and
extralegal rules because dealing with constitutional law requires not only considering
constitutional history and political practice but also conventions of various kinds that
are closely linked with the constitution itself.
3. Translate into Ukrainian:
межі конституційного права, розрізнення між правилами, політична практика,
класифікація форм урядування, поняття соціального контракту, «закон
джунглів», основні закони держав-націй, впровадження нових законів та
регуляцій, застосування термінів, піддається інтерпретації, основний
формальний документ держави.
4. Referring to the text define the meaning of the word combinations:
Legal provision: a rule or regulation established by law
Legal system: the system of laws and regulations established by a government or
other governing authority, which includes constitutional law, administrative law,
public law, and private law
III. VOCABULARY STUDY
1. Choose the word on the right that is associated with the word on the left:
Definition – term
Constitution – document
Democracy – government
Provision – article
Enforcement – regulation
Scholar – scientist