Agriculture during the Stone Age:

The Old-stone age, also known as the Paleolithic era, occurred from about
2.6 million to 10,000 years ago.
It began when Australopithecus, a human ancestor, made the first stone
tool and ended with the agricultural revolution.
During this time, people were hunter-gatherers or foragers. They lived a
nomadic lifestyle and followed big game and other sources of food. The
men worked together to hunt large animals and bring their carcasses back
to their families while women were responsible for gathering. They
gathered nuts, seeds, berries, and insects, they also gathered sea food
when it was available.
Although we believe that these nomads followed specific gender roles,
gender inequality seems to be a concept of more modern invent. While
meat from the hunt was the most coveted food, the gathered food may
have consisted of up to 80% of these peoples’ diets. It also sustained the
community when the hunt was unsuccessful.
Their populations were limited by their lifestyle. These people stayed with
extended family for hunting and protection, but had to stay in small enough
groups that the land could support them. Luckily, pregnancy and nursing
would take 3-4 years with each child, which meant there were 3-4 years
between subsequent births. Unfortunately, there is evidence that these
peoples resorted to infanticide as a means of population control.

Agriculture during Bronze Age:

Bronze Age agriculture of the Levant is reflected in archaeological as well
as in textual sources. These sources are rich and manifold, which
corresponds to the fact that agriculture, was crucial for the Levant during
the Bronze Age. However, it has to be stated that many aspects of Bronze
Age Levantine agriculture are not reflected by archaeological remains or by
ancient texts. Therefore, the change of settlement patterns in the course of
time is an important source to reconstruct the dynamics of ancient
agriculture. Next to archaeological, iconographical, and written sources, we
have ethnological surveys, which are crucial for our understanding of
Bronze Age agriculture in the Levant. Traded agricultural products always
provide knowledge on the economic emphases of ancient societies,
beyond reflecting the required mechanisms of technology and labor
organization in agriculture. Of particular interest will be to connect future
research on ancient Levantine agriculture with environmental questions.

Agriculture during Iron Age:

The iron age people were mostly farmers and they depended on farming
for their survival. They used innovative tools to cultivate crops such as
wheat, barley, peas, beans and grains. Cooking tools were also invented
such as metal cauldrons and vessels. They used these cooking utensils to
cook food such as stews, soups and porridge. People during this age also
learned to make bread, they kept cattle like cows, sheep and pigs for milk
and meat. Cows and sheep were the most important since they could make
dairy products from milk and used their hide and wool for clothing. During
this age the best weapons and tools were made from iron and steel through
which they made great achievements and advanced in the field of farming
and expanded their civilization called Celts.
During this era, iron tools and weapons became very popular with new
inventions and techniques gave rise to a better lifestyle by making farming
easier and more effective. The need for stronger technology led to
replacing bronze with iron tools because much stronger than bronze tools
through the process of repeated heating and hammering. Iron when
heated, can be shaped into various desirable shapes which made ir
convenient for people to use it for different purposes.