Relative motion in one and two dimensions

• Suppose two cars are moving in the same direction with speeds of 50 𝑚𝑝ℎ
and 60 𝑚𝑝ℎ. To a passenger in the slower car, the speed of the faster car is
10 𝑚𝑝ℎ. Of course, a stationary observer will measure the speed of the
faster car to be 60 𝑚𝑝ℎ, not 10 𝑚𝑝ℎ. Which observer is correct? They both
are! This simple example demonstrates that the velocity of an object
depends on the frame of reference in which it is measured.
• Consider a passenger in a train walking towards the front of a moving train.
The people sitting on the train see the passenger walking with a velocity of
2m/s. supposes the train is moving with a velocity of 9m/s relative to an
observer standing on the ground. Then the ground-based observer would
see the passenger moving with a velocity of 11m/s.

• Let’s consider a relative motion in one dimension with a car A (stationary),

a car B (moving relative to A with constant speed 𝑣𝐵𝐴) and a ball P (moving
with constant speed 𝑣𝑃𝐵 relative to B).
• however for 𝑣𝐵𝐴 = 𝑐𝑜𝑛𝑠𝑡 we have
The velocity of a particle depends on a reference frame. But observers on different
reference frames (that move at constant velocity relative to each other) will measure
the same acceleration for a moving particle.