BMW 5 Series (E34)

The BMW E34 is the third generation of the BMW 5

Series, which was produced from November 2, 1987, BMW 5 Series (E34)
until 1996. Initially launched as a sedan in January
1988, the E34 also saw a "Touring" station wagon
(estate) body style added in September 1992, a first
for the 5 Series. BMW replaced the E34 with the E39
5 Series in December 1995, although E34 Touring
models remained in production until June 1996.

The E34 generation marked the first time all-wheel

drive was incorporated into the 5 Series with the
525iX, and the first V8 engine to be used in a 5
Series. The E34 also saw the introduction of stability Overview
control (ASC), traction control (ASC+T) a 6-speed
Production November 1987 – June 1996
manual transmission and adjustable damping (EDC)
to the 5 Series range. Assembly Germany: Dingolfing
South Africa: Rosslyn
There was an unusually large range of engines fitted
over its lifetime as nine different engine families were Thailand: Bangkok (Yontrakit
used. These consisted of straight-four, straight-six Industry Co., Ltd.; 520iS)
and V8 engines. Designer Ercole Spada and J Mays
The E34 M5 is powered by the S38 straight-six under Claus Luthe
engine and was produced in sedan and wagon body Body and chassis
styles. Class Executive car (E)
Body style 4-door sedan
Development and launch 5-door wagon
Layout FR layout
Development ran from July 1981 to early 1987, with
the initial design proposal penned by Ercole Spada in F4 layout (525iX only)
1982.[3] Under the guidance of chief designer Claus Powertrain
Luthe, BMW based much of the design on the E32 7
Engine Petrol:
Series. Following Spada's departure from BMW and
styling approval in 1983, J Mays finalized the design 1.8 L M40/M43 I4
for production in mid-1985. Special attention was 2.0-3.8 L M20/M50/M30/S38
paid to aerodynamics, with the E34 basic sedan
I6
having a drag coefficient of 0.30.[4]
3.0-4.0 L M60 V8
Series production began in November 1987. In Diesel (turbocharged):
December 1987, the E34 sedan was unveiled to global
2.4-2.5 L M21/M51 I6
press.[5][6]
Dimensions
Wheelbase 2,760 mm (108.7 in)
Length 4,720 mm (185.8 in)
Width 1,750 mm (68.9 in)
 Height 1,412–1,420 mm
(55.6–55.9 in)
Curb weight 1,440–1,800 kg
(3,175–3,968 lb)[1][2]
Chronology
Predecessor BMW 5 Series (E28)
Successor BMW 5 Series (E39)

Interior

Body styles
Sedan models have a length of 4,720 mm (185.8 in), a width of 1,750 mm (68.9 in) and a height
of 1,412 mm (55.6 in).[7][8] Wagon models have a length of 4,720 mm (185.8 in) and a height of
1,420 mm (55.9 in).[9] All models have a wheelbase of 2,760 mm (108.7 in).[10]

E34 sedan E34 Touring

Engines
Official output figures are as follows:[11]

Petrol
 Model Years Engine Power Torque

83 kW 165 N⋅m
M40B18
1989–1994 (111 hp) (122 lb⋅ft)
inline-4
at 5,500 rpm at 4,250 rpm
518i
85 kW 168 N⋅m
M43B18
1994–1996 (114 hp) (124 lb⋅ft)
inline-4
at 5,500 rpm at 3,900 rpm

95 kW 164 N⋅m M20 engine- used in early

M20B20
1988–1990 (127 hp) (121 lb⋅ft)
inline-6 520i/525i models
at 6,000 rpm at 4,300 rpm

110 kW 190 N⋅m

520i / M50B20
1989–1992 (148 hp) (140 lb⋅ft)
520iS inline-6
at 6,000 rpm at 4,700 rpm

125 kW 190 N⋅m

M50B20TU
1992–1996 (168 hp) (140 lb⋅ft)
inline-6
at 5,900 rpm at 4,200 rpm
M50 engine- used in later
125 kW 222 N⋅m
M20B25 520i/525i models
1988–1991 (168 hp) (164 lb⋅ft)
inline-6
at 5,800 rpm at 4,300 rpm

141 kW 245 N⋅m

M50B25
525i[12] 1991–1992 (189 hp) (181 lb⋅ft)
inline-6
at 6,000 rpm at 4,700 rpm

141 kW 250 N⋅m

M50B25TU
1992–1996 (189 hp) (184 lb⋅ft) BMW M30 engine- used in the
inline-6
at 5,900 rpm at 4,200 rpm 535i/530i model

138 kW 260 N⋅m

M30B30
1988–1991 (185 hp) (192 lb⋅ft)
inline-6
at 5,500 rpm at 4,300 rpm
530i
160 kW 290 N⋅m
M60B30
1992–1996 (215 hp) (214 lb⋅ft)
V8
at 5,800 rpm at 4,500 rpm

155 kW 305 N⋅m

535i / M30B35
1987–1992 (208 hp) (225 lb⋅ft)
535iS inline-6 BMW S38 engine- used in the
at 5,700 rpm at 4,000 rpm
M5 model
210 kW 400 N⋅m
M60B40
540i 1992–1996 (282 hp) (295 lb⋅ft)
V8
at 5,800 rpm at 4,500 rpm

232 kW 360 N⋅m

S38B36
1988–1992 (311 hp) (266 lb⋅ft)
inline-6
at 6,900 rpm at 4,750 rpm
M5
250 kW 400 N⋅m
S38B38
1992–1996 (335 hp) (295 lb⋅ft)
inline-6
at 6,900 rpm at 4,750 rpm

Diesel
Model Years Engine Power Torque

85 kW 222 N⋅m
M21D24
524td 1988–1991 (114 hp) (164 lb⋅ft)
inline-6
at 4,800 rpm at 2,400 rpm

85 kW 222 N⋅m
M51D25
525td 1993–1996 (114 hp) (164 lb⋅ft)
inline-6
at 4,800 rpm at 1,900 rpm
BMW M51 engine used in 525td
105 kW 260 N⋅m models (note the intake air tube
M51D25
525tds 1991–1996 (141 hp) (192 lb⋅ft)
inline-6 coming directly from the
at 4,800 rpm at 2,200 rpm
turbocharger; the 525td does not
have an intercooler)

BMW M51 engine used in

525tds models (note the intake
air hose coming from the
intercooler which is located
below the radiator)

Drivetrain

Manual transmissions
▪ 5-speed Getrag 260
▪ 5-speed Getrag 280 — 3.6 L M5 model only[13]
▪ 5-speed ZF S5D 310 — 91-92 US, and European M50 engines[14]
▪ 5-speed Getrag 250G - 93-95 US M50 engines.
▪ 6-speed Getrag 420G — 540i and 1994-1996 M5 only

Automatic transmissions
▪ 4-speed ZF 4HP22 - M20 and M30 engines
▪ 4-speed GM 4L30-E (A4S 310R) - M50 engines (US only)[15]
▪ 5-speed ZF 5HP18 - M50 and M51[16] (except US) and 1992-1995 530i (M60B30).
▪ 5-speed ZF 5HP30 - 540i

Suspension
Front suspension consists of double pivot MacPherson struts, with a replaceable shock absorber
cartridge inside a steel strut housing. Control arms and thrust arms control front-to-back and
side-to-side movement.[17]: 300-1  Steering on most models is a recirculating ball design, however
the all-wheel drive 525iX uses a rack and pinion steering system (along with front suspension)
similar to the E30 3 Series 325iX model.[18] All front suspension components are steel, except
that the lower control arms on some models are aluminum.[19]

Rear suspension consists of semi-trailing arms with coil springs integrated in a strut
assembly.[20]

Models

Petrol-engined

The base model, available only in Europe,[11] was the petrol-powered four-cylinder 518i. Only
available with a 5-speed manual transmission, a total of 53,248 cars were produced.[21]

The next petrol model up was the six-cylinder 520i, which began production in January 1988. It
was initially powered by the BMW M20 single overhead camshaft engine, which was replaced by
the BMW M50 double overhead camshaft engine in 1990. The 520i was the second most popular
E34 model globally, with 426,971 units produced.[22] The 525i was the most popular E34 model
globally with 434,549 units produced.[22] As per the 520i, the 525i initially used the M20 engine,
which was replaced by the M50 engine in 1990.

Engine volume and year of manufacture often influenced the type of wiring. This was of great
importance for decoding the configuration and the possibility of further retrofitting. Thus, cars
can be divided into two types: high and low. Wiring had a big influence to the amount of possible
options and functions of a car. There also was update after M50 and M60 introduce.[23]

A rare E34 model is the petrol-powered six-cylinder 525iX, of which only 9,366 cars were
produced.[22] The 525iX was the first all-wheel drive 5 Series, and the only all-wheel drive model
in the E34 range. It was powered by the BMW M50 engine and was the first 5 Series to use a rack
and pinion steering system.

There are two versions of the E34 530i: an inline-six model produced from 1988 to 1990, and a
V8 model produced from 1993 to 1995. The earlier model was one of the last applications of the
BMW M30 inline-six engine. The V8 version, which replaced the six-cylinder 535i in the lineup,
was powered by the new BMW M60 V8 engine and was available with a 5-speed manual or
5-speed automatic transmission.[11] Initially, the V8 models were differentiated from other
models by the wide grill; in 1994 the wide grill became available on other models. Between the
two versions of the 530i, a total of 57,570 cars were produced.

The highest six-cylinder model (except for the M5) was the 535i. Despite the '535i' model
designation and '3.5' casting on the intake manifold, the BMW M30 engine found in the E34 535i
actually has a displacement of 3.4 litres (207 cu in). There was also a 535i Sport model with
M-technic body kit, boot spoiler with brake light, sport seats, M-Tech sports leather steering
wheel (M-tech 1 for 1988-1989 cars, M-tech 2 for 1990–1992), M-technic suspension (M-tech
springs, stiffer shocks, M-tech 25mm front stabilizer bar, M-tech 18mm rear stabilizer bar), a
polished rocker cover and also a limited-slip differential (25% lock) as standard. A total of 97,679
cars were produced,[22] including the Alpina B10 (BiTurbo, 3.5) models. The 535i was replaced
by the V8-engined 530i and 540i models in 1993.
In 1993, the 540i model was added to the top of the 5 Series lineup, powered by the BMW M60
V8 engine and available in both sedan and wagon body styles (the latter not in US).
Transmission options were a 6-speed manual or a 5-speed automatic. A total of 26,485 units
were produced.[22] Initially, the V8 models were differentiated from other models by the wider
grilles. In 1994 the wide grilles became available on other models as well.

Diesel-engined

The first diesel model was the 524td, which was introduced in 1988. This model was replaced by
the 525tds in 1991, and a lower-specification 525td was introduced in 1993. Only the 525tds
model was fitted with an intercooler.

North America

In the United States, the E34 model range was launched in October 1988 with the 525i and 535i
6-cylinder models (for the 1989 model year).[24] Over the course of the E34 generation, the 525i
Touring, 530i, 530i Touring, 540i and M5 models were sold in the United States. The 3.6 L
(220 cu in) version of the M5 remained in production until 1993,[25] by which time the 3.8 L
(232 cu in) version was being produced for other countries.

M5 model
Introduced in September 1988[26] and produced until August
1995, the E34 M5 was produced in both sedan and station
wagon ('Touring') body styles, the latter being the first M5 to
be available as a wagon.

The E34 M5 is powered by the BMW S38 inline-six engine,

originally with a displacement of 3.6 L (220 cu in) and an
output of 232 kW (311 hp), later upgraded to a 3.8 L
(232 cu in) engine rated at 250 kW (335 hp). This 3.8 litre
version of the M5 was first seen by the public at the 1991 M5 model
Frankfurt Motor Show, where the E34 M5 Touring also saw
its debut.[26]

In its last year of production for the M5, the transmission was upgraded from a 5-speed manual
to the Getrag 420G 6-speed manual (which was also used by the 540i model).

Special models

518g

A model which could run on natural gas (as well as petrol) and was only sold in Germany. The
518g was based on the 518i Touring model and the only transmission available was a 5-speed
manual.[27] The engine, also used by the 1995-2000 3 Series Compact 316g model, was a re-
tuned version of the BMW M43 four-cylinder engine.[28] When running on natural gas, the
engine produced 73 kW (98 hp),[29] compared with 84 kW (113 hp) when running on petrol. It
was only produced in 1995 and just 298 units were built.[22]
518iev prototype

After unveiling the BMW E1 and E2 concept car electric vehicles in 1992, BMW began a project
to show it was possible to make a full-sized electric car, despite the obstacle of the weight of the
lead-acid battery technology at the time.[30] The batteries were a lead-acid type and the electric
motors used a rotating-field AC electric drive. To assist the electric drivetrain, the 518iev also
had a four-cylinder petrol engine and a continuously variable transmission, a configuration
similar to the first production hybrid cars produced by other manufacturers several years
later.[31] BMW built at least one fully functional E34 prototype, which was tested in the late
1990s by Deutsche Post and others.

540i M-sport / M540i / 540i LE

Because the M5 was discontinued for non-European markets

in 1993, the 540i M-Sport model was built in 1995 for the
North American market.[32] On top of the regular 540i
features, additional features included sports suspension
equipped with EDC, bolstered sport seats, servotronic
steering, and US-spec M5 brakes.[33] 205 "M-Sport" models
were built, 139 of them with the 6-speed manual
transmission.[32]
540i model with "throwing star"
An M540i model was produced for in Canada. It includes the wheels
features of the North American 540i M-sport, plus upgraded
Euro-spec M5 brakes, 18-inch M-parallel wheels, and various
trim pieces.[34] Only 32 of these cars were built, all with a manual transmission.[32]

The 540i LE (i.e. Limited Edition) sedan was sold in Australia and the United Kingdom.[35][36]
The 540i LE included the interior from the M5, "throwing star" M-System II wheels, EDC
suspension with self leveling rear, Servotronic power steering, and front air dam. 70 of these
540i LE sedans were produced, all with a manual transmission, each individually numbered
using an engraved metal plaque stuck onto the centre console beneath the handbrake lever.[32]

Alpina models

B10 3.0 AllRad

This model is based on the 525iX with an enlarged 3 litre engine producing 231bhp instead of
192bhp. Between 1993 and 1996 64 saloon cars and 70 Touring cars were produced by the Alpina
factory in Buchloe with a very small number of right hand drive cars, 2 saloons and 1 Touring,
converted by Sytner, the Alpina Dealer in Nottingham, England.

B10 3.5

This model is based on the 535i with a modified 3.5 litre engine producing 254bhp instead of
220bhp. Between 1988 and 1992 572 left hand drive cars were made in Buchloe, with perhaps 30
or so right hand converted by Sytner. The B10 3.5 was only supplied as a saloon car and no
Touring cars were made.
B10 4.0

This model is based on the 540i with a modified 4 litre engine producing 315bhp instead of
286bhp. Between 1993 and 1995 45 saloon cars and 4 Touring cars were produced by Buchloe,
all left hand drive, with a further two right hand drive saloon cars converted by Sytner.

B10 4.6

This model is based on the 540i with an Alpina designed 4.6 litre engine which was used also in
the E36 Alpina B8 4.6. Between 1994 and 1996 27 saloon cars and 19 Touring cars were
produced by Buchloe, all left hand drive except one right hand drive Touring car. With 7bhp
more than the B8 4.6 (due to the larger exhaust manifold) it produces the same 340bhp as the
E34 3.8 M5 Touring but with nearly 20% more torque. It was also available in right hand drive
unlike the M5 Touring.

B10 BiTurbo

The B10 BiTurbo was based on a very modified 535i and was
introduced in March 1989 after a $3.2million investment in
R&D. Despite being nearly twice the price of a BMW M5 it
sold tremendously well and production ceased in 1995 after
507 saloon models were made, and only after BMW ceased
producing the M30 engine upon which the engine was based.
It was not available in right hand drive due to the turbo-
chargers placement or ever made as a Touring model. It
produced 360bhp and 375lb/ft of torque on full boost, just
B10 Biturbo model with Alpina
20bhp and 21lb/ft more than the B10 4.6. Along with the wheels
Lotus/Omega Carlton it was considered one of the fastest
saloon cars in the world.

Model year changes

BMW E34 had no facelift as such. All updates were introduced gradually and sometimes were
country specific. Most changes occur in September each year, when the changes for the following
model year go into production, as is typical BMW practice. Therefore, the changes for 1988
represent the 1989 model year, for example.

1988
▪ M5 model introduced
▪ 524td diesel model introduced
▪ 518i four-cylinder model introduced
▪ Driver's side airbag introduced

1989
▪ 520i engine updated to the BMW M50,[37] the first model to use the new twin-cam straight-six
engine
1990
▪ 525i engine updated to the BMW M50 in some markets, 1991 in others.
▪ 525iX all-wheel drive model introduced
▪ 525tds diesel model introduced

1991
▪ 525i engine updated to the BMW M50 in the US market.
▪ Touring (station wagon/estate models) introduced: 520iT and 525iT.
▪ Leather seat stitching pattern changed from double to single.
▪ Steering columns and wheels changed from E30-compatible (22mm nut) to E36-compatible
(16mm bolt).
▪ New interior (wooden decor)

1992
▪ 520i and 525i engines updated to the BMW M50TU, which added variable valve timing
(VANOS)
▪ V8 engines introduced in the 530i and 540i models. The V8 models adopted a wider grille
than other models.[38]
▪ M5 engine enlarged from 3.6 litres to 3.8 litres
▪ Revised exterior mirrors and hubcaps
▪ Revised interior electrics, primarily with central locking. General Modules were black on early
cars, green on later, and not interchangeable.
▪ 525i manual transmission changed from ZF 310Z to Getrag 250G, US market only.

1993
▪ 525td diesel model introduced
▪ Last year for 535i six-cylinder model,[39][40] marking the end of the 24-year production run of
the M30 engine
▪ 6-speed manual transmission available for 540i model (the first 6-speed manual available in
a 5 Series), non-US markets.
▪ ASC became available

1994
▪ 518i engine upgraded from BMW M40 to BMW M43
▪ M5 transmission upgraded from 5-speed manual to 6-speed manual
▪ Wider grille (previously used for V8 models only) became available for other models, non-US
markets.
▪ US-market Touring models no longer equipped with self-leveling suspension as standard.
▪ EWS 1 drive-away protection used in some models.

1995
 ▪ All models equipped with wider grill and body-colour lower body trim (US market).
▪ Interior materials revised: steering wheel slightly different design with colour emblem, door
cards ruched/gathered leather and with different glue (more durable between panel and its
vinyl/leather covering, less durable between panel and mounting clips).
▪ EWS drive-away protection updated to EWS 2.
▪ 540i available with 6-speed manual transmission for the US market, all with Sport seats and
suspension.
▪ 540i automatic and manual models equipped with 2.93 final drive, previously 2.81 (US
market, at least).

Production
Production of the E34 commenced on November 2, 1987, for the 535i,[41] with 535i market
launch being in January 1988 and other variants following a staggered launch. 520i and 530i
production began in January 1988, for March 1988 market launch. Production of the 525i began
in February 1988, being launched to market in April 1988, with the 524td entering production in
March 1988 for May 1988 introduction. Touring production began in November 1990.
Production ended for the sedan in December 1995 and Touring in June 1996.[42]

The production plants for the E34 were the Dingolfing plant in Germany and Rosslyn in South
Africa.[43][44] Total production was 1,333,412 units.[45][46]

References
1. "Specifications for BMW 518i E34 Sedan (1989-1994)" (http://www.bmwheaven.com/databas
e/show.php?id=465). www.bmwheaven.com. Retrieved 13 January 2017.
2. "Specifications for BMW 540i E34 LCI Touring (1993-1994)" (http://www.bmwheaven.com/dat
abase/show.php?id=497). www.bmwheaven.com. Retrieved 13 January 2017.
3. "Ercole Spada, der Brief" (https://web.archive.org/web/20130506134635/http://www.e34-ig.d
e/der-e34/ercole-spada.html). www.e34-ig.de. Archived from the original (http://www.e34-ig.d
e/der-e34/ercole-spada.html) on May 6, 2013.
4. "BMW Remembers Third-Gen E34 5-Series, You Should Too" (http://www.carscoops.com/20
17/01/bmw-remembers-third-gen-e34-5-series.html). www.carscoops.com. 4 January 2017.
Retrieved 24 December 2017.
5. "Lust auf Luxus und Leistung: Tradition: 25 Jahre BMW 5er (E34)" (https://www.welt.de/moto
r/news/article115355125/Tradition-25-Jahre-BMW-5er-E34.html). Die Welt. 17 April 2013.
6. "Ercole Spada Wanted to Make the E34 5 Series Look More Like the 8 Series" (http://www.a
utoevolution.com/news/ercole-spada-wanted-to-make-the-e34-5-series-look-more-like-the-8-
series-85494.html#). www.autoevolution.com. 20 August 2014.
7. "1993 BMW 525td E34 specifications" (https://www.carfolio.com/specifications/models/car/?c
ar=228085). www.carfolio.com. Retrieved 1 December 2017.
8. "1989 BMW 525i specifications" (http://www.automobile-catalog.com/car/1989/268805/bmw_
525i.html). www.automobile-catalog.com.
9. "BMW E34 525i touring" (http://www.carfolio.com/specifications/models/car/?car=56595).
www.carfolio.com. 2008-04-03. Retrieved 2010-12-07.
10. "BMW E34 530i sedan" (http://www.carfolio.com/specifications/models/car/?car=56276).
www.carfolio.com. 2008-04-03. Retrieved 2010-12-07.
11. "BMW 5-Series E34 versions & types" (http://www.automobile-catalog.com/model/bmw/5-seri
es_e34.html). www.automobile-catalog.com. Retrieved 25 March 2016.
12. "1994 BMW 5 Series 525i" (https://www.rarecars.com/used-vehicle-1994-bmw-5-series-525i-
c-21/). Rare Cars. 14 August 2021. Retrieved 18 April 2020.
13. "5' E34 M5 3.6 Manual gearbox" (http://www.realoem.com/bmw/en/showparts?id=HD91-EUR
-04-1989-E34-BMW-M5_36&diagId=23_0289). www.realoem.com. Retrieved 22 February
2019.
14. "5' E34 525i Manual gearbox S5D...Z" (http://www.realoem.com/bmw/en/showparts?id=HD5
1-EUR-05-1992-E34-BMW-525i&diagId=23_1168). www.realoem.com. Retrieved
22 February 2019.
15. "GM transmission and oil application chart" (http://www.taligentx.com/passat/maintenance/atf
change/BMW_ATF.pdf) (PDF). www.taligentx.com. Retrieved 25 April 2017.
16. "5' E34 525i Automatic gearbox A5S310Z" (http://www.realoem.com/bmw/en/showparts?id=
HD61-EUR-12-1992-E34-BMW-525i&diagId=24_1317). www.realoem.com. Retrieved
25 April 2017.
17. BMW 5 Series Service Manual- 1989 to 1995. Bentley Publishers.
18. "Any 525iX Owners?" (http://forum.bmw5.co.uk/topic/63947-any-525ix-owners/).
www.bmw5.co.uk. Retrieved 27 January 2018.
19. "5' E34 525i Cross member/wishbone/rod" (https://www.realoem.com/bmw/en/showparts?id=
HD61-EUR-10-1993-E34-BMW-525i&diagId=31_0250). www.realoem.com. Retrieved
23 February 2020.
20. "BMW E34 5 Series 520i Specs" (http://www.ultimatespecs.com/car-specs/BMW/1657/BMW-
E34-5-Series-520i.html). www.ultimatespecs.com.
21. "5'E34 model selection" (http://www.realoem.com/bmw/enUS/select?product=P&archive=1&s
eries=E34). www.realoem.com.
22. BMW Production Data (http://www.e30ic.com/BMWProductionData.pdf) (PDF). e30ic.com.
p. 14. Retrieved 10 March 2017.
23. BMW E34 Info page (http://www.pet-racing.de/E34). Germany: pet-racing.de. Retrieved
18 October 2021.
24. "BMW Classic - Recherche-Client" (https://bmw-grouparchiv.de/research/detail/index.xhtml?i
d=3711392).
25. "Model selection: 5'E34 - Saloon - M5 3.6 - USA" (http://www.realoem.com/bmw/en/select?pr
oduct=P&archive=1&series=E34&body=Lim&model=M5+3.6&market=USA&prod=1993020
0). www.realoem.com. Retrieved 22 February 2019.
26. "BMW M Registry - FAQ E34 M5" (http://www.bmwmregistry.com/model_faq.php?id=12).
www.bmwmregistry.com. Retrieved 2017-09-28.
27. "Model selection: 5'E34 > Touring > 518g" (http://www.realoem.com/bmw/enUS/select?produ
ct=P&archive=1&series=E34&body=tou&model=518g&market=EUR). www.realoem.com.
28. "BMW 518g Touring – Nothing But a G-thang" (http://www.curbsideclassic.com/blog/cc-outta
ke/curbside-outtake-bmw-518g-touring-nothing-but-a-g-thang/). www.curbsideclassic.com.
12 April 2018. Retrieved 22 August 2019.
29. "BMW 5 series E34 history and characteristics" (http://bmwguide.net/bmw-e34-history-and-c
haracteristics/). BMW Guide (in Russian). 16 February 2015. Retrieved 13 January 2017.
30. "Back from the future: BMW prototype with hybrid drive" (https://web.archive.org/web/200402
19141434/http://www.metricmind.com/data/bmw.pdf) (PDF). MOT magazine. 1995-04-02.
Archived from the original (http://www.metricmind.com/data/bmw.pdf) (PDF) on 2004-02-19.
Retrieved 2004-02-19.
31. "BMW 5 Series (E34) - Rewind Wednesday" (https://www.whatcar.com/news/bmw-5-series-e
34-rewind-wednesday/n16694). www.whatcar.com. Retrieved 26 February 2020.
32. "BMW M Registry - FAQ E34 M540i" (http://www.bmwmregistry.com/model_faq.php?id=13).
www.bmwmregistry.com. 4 October 2013. Retrieved 13 January 2017.
33. "M5 Alternative: 1995 BMW 540i M Sport" (http://bringatrailer.com/2013/10/04/m5-alternative
-1995-bmw-540i-m-sport/). Bring a Trailer. 4 October 2013. Retrieved 13 January 2017.
34. "The 1995 540i M-Sport and 540i" (http://www.kindel.com/bmw/m540_info.htm).
www.kindel.com. 8 September 2000. Retrieved 3 December 2017.
35. "1995 BMW 540i Limited Edition E34 Manual" (https://www.redbook.com.au/cars/research/us
ed/details/1995-bmw-540i-limited-edition-e34-manual/SPOT-ITM-210405#features).
www.redbook.com. Retrieved 3 December 2017.
36. "UK LE brochure" (http://www.m5board.com/vbulletin/e34-m5-discussion/45576-uk-le-brochu
re.html). www.m5board.com. Retrieved 3 December 2017.
37. "Model selection - 5'E34 - saloon - 520i - EUR - 09/1989" (https://www.realoem.com/bmw/en/
select?product=P&archive=1&series=E34&body=Lim&model=520i&market=EUR&prod=198
90900). www.realoem.com. Retrieved 26 February 2020.
38. "E34 facelift or not?" (http://forum.bmw5.co.uk/topic/128771-e34-facelift-or-not/?tab=commen
ts#comment-1388387). www.bmw5.co.uk. Retrieved 13 March 2018.
39. "5'E34 535i model selection" (http://www.realoem.com/bmw/en/select?product=P&archive=1
&series=E34&body=Lim&model=535i&market=EUR&prod=19930400). www.realoem.com.
Retrieved 13 March 2018.
40. "Used BMW 535i review: 1988-1993" (https://www.carsguide.com.au/car-reviews/used-car-re
view-bmw-535i-1988-1993-13434). www.carsguide.com.au. Retrieved 13 March 2018.
41. "BMW Classic - Recherche-Client" (https://bmw-grouparchiv.de/research/detail/index.xhtml?i
d=3711210).
42. "Der erste Winter des neuen 5er BMW" (https://bmw-grouparchiv.de/research/detail/index.xht
ml?id=3381957). bmw-grouparchiv.de. Retrieved 10 March 2018.
43. "Vehicle manufacturer profiles" (https://web.archive.org/web/20110722125713/http://www.aut
omotiveworld.com/oem-tracker/bmw-group/page/154). www.automotiveworld.com. Archived
from the original (http://www.automotiveworld.com/oem-tracker/bmw-group/page/154) on 22
July 2011.
44. "History of the BMW 5 Series in SA" (https://www.wheels24.co.za/News/Classic_cars/mzansi
s-amazing-fives-history-of-the-bmw-5-series-in-sa-20170321). www.wheels24.co.za. 21
March 2017. Retrieved 30 December 2018.
45. "BMW Classic - Recherche-Client" (https://bmw-grouparchiv.de/research/detail/index.xhtml?i
d=3894795).
46. Kittler, Eberhard (2001). Deutsche Autos seit 1990, vol.5. Stuttgart: Motorbuch. p. 165.
ISBN 3-613-02128-5.

External links
▪ Media related to BMW E34 at Wikimedia Commons

Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=BMW_5_Series_(E34)&oldid=1135712627"