Questions

1. Features of interlock knitting.

2. Description/requirements of interlock knitting machine.
3. Draw interlock needle gaiting and explain the reason for doing so.
4. Draw and describe interlock cam system.
5. In rib structure two course remains separate but in interlock structure two rib courses are intermeshed. Why?
6. Explain the interlock knitting action.
7. Why two cam trucks are necessary for interlock knitting cam system.
8. How to convert rib machine into interlock machine?
9. What do you mean by purl structure?
10. Feature of purl knitting.
11. Types of purl knitting machine.
12. Knitting sequence of flatbed purl knitting machine.
13. Cam system for purl knitting.
14. Principle of V bed purl knitting.
15. Draw automatic loop transfer process on V bed for purl knitting
16. Description/ requirements of purl knitting machine.
17. Distinguish between interlock and purl knitting.
Answers:
1. Interlock knitting is a type of double-knit fabric that is created by interlocking two sets of needles. It produces a
reversible, stable, and flat fabric with a distinct texture and drape.

2. An interlock knitting machine requires two needle beds, one positioned above the other, which allows two sets of
needles to work together to produce the interlocking fabric. The machine also requires a special cam system that
controls the movement of the needles, as well as a yarn feed mechanism.

3. Interlock needle gauging refers to the way that the needles are arranged in an interlock machine. The needles are
positioned in two sets, with each needle in one set sitting between two needles in the other set. This arrangement
ensures that the needles interlock with each other during the knitting process, creating the characteristic interlock
fabric.

4. The interlock cam system controls the movement of the needles in an interlock machine. The cam system consists
of two sets of cams, one for each needle bed, that control the needle movement and stitch formation. The cams
are designed to work together to produce the interlock fabric.

5. In rib structure, two courses remain separate because the needles are arranged in a way that allows the stitches to
form in a vertical column. In interlock structure, the needles are arranged in a way that allows them to interlock
with each other, producing a stable and flat fabric with a distinct texture.

6. Interlock knitting action involves two sets of needles working together to create the interlocking fabric. The yarn is
fed to both needle beds, and the needles move in and out of the fabric, interlocking with each other to form the
fabric.

7. Two cam trucks are necessary for interlock knitting cam system because they control the movement of the needles
in two separate needle beds. The cam trucks work together to produce the interlock fabric.

8. To convert a rib machine into an interlock machine, a second needle bed must be added to the machine, along
with a cam system that can control the movement of both needle beds.

9. Purl structure refers to a type of knitting stitch that is formed by bringing the yarn to the front of the fabric and
knitting through the back loop of the stitch.

10. The features of purl knitting include a distinct texture, good stretch and recovery, and the ability to produce
reversible fabric.

11. There are several types of purl knitting machines, including circular, flatbed, and V-bed machines.
12. The knitting sequence of a flatbed purl knitting machine involves the yarn being fed to the needles, the needles
knitting through the back loop of the stitch to form the purl stitch, and then the fabric being moved forward to
create the next row.

13. The cam system for purl knitting controls the movement of the needles and determines the type of stitch that is
formed. The cam system typically includes a series of cams that control the needle movement and stitch
formation.

14. The principle of V-bed purl knitting involves using a V-shaped needle bed to produce the purl stitch. The needles
are positioned in the V shape and move in and out of the fabric to create the stitch.

15. The automatic loop transfer process on a V-bed for purl knitting involves transferring the loop from one needle to
the next in a continuous sequence, creating a seamless fabric.

16. A purl knitting machine requires a needle bed, a yarn feed mechanism, and a cam system that controls the
movement of the needles.

17. Interlock and purl knitting differ in their stitch structure and the way that the needles are arranged. Interlock
knitting involves two sets of needles interlocking with each other to create a stable and flat fabric with a distinct
texture. Purl knitting involves the creation of a distinct purl stitch by knitting through
1. Features of interlock knitting
Interlock knitting has several distinctive features, including:

1. Reversibility: The fabric produced by interlock knitting is reversible, meaning that both sides of the fabric are
identical.
2. Stability: Interlock knitting produces a stable fabric that does not curl or roll at the edges.
3. Flatness: The fabric produced by interlock knitting is flat and does not have the ridges or bumps often found in
other knit fabrics.
4. Texture: Interlock knitting produces a distinct texture that is created by the interlocking of the two sets of needles.
5. Stretch: The interlocking of the two sets of needles produces a fabric that has good stretch and recovery.
6. Warmth: The interlocking of the two sets of needles produces a dense fabric that is warm and insulating.
7. Versatility: Interlock knitting can be used to produce a wide range of fabrics, including garments, home textiles,
and accessories.
2. Description/requirements of interlock knitting machine
An interlock knitting machine is a specialized machine used to produce interlock knit fabrics. The machine typically
consists of the following components:

1. Needle beds: An interlock knitting machine has two needle beds, one positioned above the other. The needle beds
are used to hold the needles that create the interlock fabric.
2. Cam system: The cam system controls the movement of the needles in the machine. It consists of two sets of
cams, one for each needle bed, that control the needle movement and stitch formation.
3. Yarn feed mechanism: The yarn feed mechanism feeds the yarn to the needles. It typically consists of yarn carriers,
tensioners, and guides.
4. Take-up roller: The take-up roller is used to pull the fabric through the machine as it is being knitted.
5. Fabric guide: The fabric guide ensures that the fabric is fed through the machine smoothly and evenly.
6. Drive motor: The drive motor powers the machine and controls the speed of the knitting process.

The requirements of an interlock knitting machine include:

1. Two needle beds: An interlock knitting machine must have two needle beds, one positioned above the other, to
produce the interlock fabric.
2. Specialized cam system: The machine must have a specialized cam system that can control the movement of the
needles in two separate needle beds.
3. Yarn feed mechanism: The machine must have a yarn feed mechanism that can feed the yarn to both needle beds.
4. Take-up roller and fabric guide: The machine must have a take-up roller and fabric guide to ensure that the fabric
is fed through the machine smoothly and evenly.
5. Drive motor: The machine must have a drive motor that can power the machine and control the speed of the
knitting process.
3. Draw interlock needle gaiting and explain the reason for doing so

Interlock needle gaiting refers to the arrangement of needles in an interlock knitting machine. In interlock knitting, two
sets of needles are used, with one set positioned above the other. The needles in each set are arranged in a zigzag
pattern, with each needle in one set positioned between two needles in the other set.

The purpose of interlock needle gaiting is to create a fabric that is stable, flat, and reversible. By interlocking the two sets
of needles, the fabric is held flat and stable, with no curling or rolling at the edges. Additionally, the interlocking of the
needles creates a reversible fabric, with both sides of the fabric appearing identical.

The zigzag pattern of the needles also allows for greater control over the tension of the yarn and the formation of the
stitches. The interlocking of the needles allows for the creation of a dense fabric with good stretch and recovery.

Overall, interlock needle gaiting is essential to the production of high-quality interlock knit fabrics.
4. Draw and describe interlock cam system

The interlock cam system is a specialized cam system used in interlock knitting machines. It controls the movement of the
needles in two separate needle beds, allowing for the interlocking of the needles and the creation of interlock knit fabrics.

The interlock cam system consists of two sets of cams, one for each needle bed. The cams control the movement of the
needles, determining when they will move up and down and how far they will move. The cams are typically made of metal
and are designed to fit onto the machine's cam shaft.

The cams are shaped to control the movement of the needles in a specific pattern. The cams for one needle bed control
the needles in that bed, while the cams for the other needle bed control the needles in the other bed. The two sets of
cams are synchronized to ensure that the needles in each bed move in the correct sequence to create the interlocking
pattern.

The interlock cam system also includes a stitch cam, which controls the formation of the stitches. The stitch cam
determines when the needles will form a knit stitch or a purl stitch and controls the tension of the yarn.

Overall, the interlock cam system is essential to the production of interlock knit fabrics. It allows for precise control over
the movement of the needles and the formation of the stitches, resulting in high-quality, stable, and reversible fabrics.
5. In rib structure two course remains separate but in interlock structure two rib courses are intermeshed. Why?
The reason that two courses in rib structure remain separate while two rib courses in interlock structure are intermeshed
has to do with the arrangement of the needles in the knitting machine.

In a rib structure, the needles are arranged in a vertical pattern, with the needles for each course positioned directly above
or below the needles for the previous course. This vertical arrangement of the needles creates a vertical separation
between the courses, resulting in two separate courses that remain distinct.

In contrast, in an interlock structure, the needles are arranged in a zigzag pattern, with one set of needles positioned
between the needles of the other set. This interlocking arrangement of the needles results in the intermeshing of the two
rib courses. As a result, the fabric produced by an interlock knit has a denser, flatter structure with better stretch and
recovery than a rib structure.

Overall, the arrangement of the needles in the knitting machine determines the structure of the fabric produced. While rib
and interlock structures are both common in knit fabrics, they have different characteristics due to the way the needles are
arranged.
7. Why two cam truck are necessary for interlock knitting cam system
Two cam trucks are necessary for the interlock knitting cam system because they control the movement of the needles in
two separate needle beds. The interlock knitting machine has two needle beds, one above the other, and each bed
requires its own set of cams to control the movement of the needles.

The first cam truck controls the needles in the upper bed, while the second cam truck controls the needles in the lower
bed. Each cam truck has its own set of cams that are synchronized to work together in a specific pattern to create the
interlocking structure of the interlock knit fabric.

The cams on each truck control the movement of the needles, determining when they will move up and down and how far
they will move. The cams are designed to fit onto the machine's cam shaft, and each cam is shaped to control the
movement of the needles in a specific pattern.

The two cam trucks work together to ensure that the needles in each bed move in the correct sequence to create the
interlocking pattern of the interlock knit fabric. The synchronized movement of the needles in the two beds is what creates
the unique structure of the interlock knit fabric.

Overall, two cam trucks are necessary for the interlock knitting cam system to control the movement of the needles in
both needle beds and to create the interlocking structure of the interlock knit fabric.
8. How to convert rib machine into interlock machine?
Converting a rib machine into an interlock machine requires replacing the rib machine's needle bed with an interlock
needle bed, as well as installing the necessary cam system for interlock knitting.

Here are the general steps for converting a rib machine into an interlock machine:

1. Remove the rib machine's needle bed: The first step is to remove the rib machine's needle bed from the machine.
The interlock needle bed needs to fit in the same space as the rib machine's needle bed, so it's important to
remove the old needle bed carefully.
2. Install the interlock needle bed: Once the old needle bed is removed, install the interlock needle bed in its place.
The interlock needle bed will have a different needle arrangement than the rib machine's needle bed, so it's
essential to follow the manufacturer's instructions carefully when installing the new bed.
3. Install the interlock cam system: The interlock cam system controls the movement of the needles in the interlock
needle bed. Install the necessary cams and cam trucks to ensure the needles move in the correct sequence and
produce the interlock knit structure.
4. Adjust the machine: Adjust the machine's tension, stitch length, and other settings to ensure the machine is set up
correctly for interlock knitting. Follow the manufacturer's instructions for making these adjustments.
5. Test the machine: Once the machine is set up and adjusted, test it to ensure it's working correctly. Make any
necessary adjustments before starting production.

Overall, converting a rib machine into an interlock machine requires installing an interlock needle bed and the necessary
cam system. It's important to follow the manufacturer's instructions carefully when making these modifications to ensure
the machine is set up correctly for interlock knitting.
9. What do you mean by purl structure?
"Purl" refers to a type of stitch used in knitting that creates a distinct, textured pattern in the fabric. A purl stitch is formed
by bringing the working yarn to the front of the work, inserting the needle into the next stitch from right to left, wrapping
the yarn counterclockwise around the needle, and pulling it back through the stitch, creating a new loop on the right-hand
needle.

When purl stitches are used to create a fabric, the resulting structure is known as a purl structure. Purl stitches have a
distinct appearance, with a bump on the front of the fabric and a "V" shape on the back. When used in combination with
other types of stitches, such as knit stitches, purl stitches can create a variety of textured patterns in the fabric, such as
ribbing, seed stitch, or moss stitch.

Overall, a purl structure refers to a fabric made up of purl stitches, which have a distinctive texture and appearance. Purl
structures are commonly used in a variety of knit fabrics, including sweaters, scarves, and hats.
10. Feature of purl knitting
The features of purl knitting include:

1. Texture: Purl stitches create a distinct texture in the fabric that is different from the texture created by knit stitches.
The bumps on the front of the fabric create a three-dimensional effect that can add interest to the design.
2. Reversibility: Unlike knit fabrics, purl fabrics are reversible, meaning that both sides of the fabric look the same.
This makes purl structures ideal for scarves, shawls, and other items that will be seen from both sides.
3. Stretch: Purl fabrics have a good amount of stretch, making them comfortable to wear and forgiving of slight
variations in gauge or tension.
4. Warmth: The bumps created by purl stitches can trap more air than flat knit stitches, making purl fabrics warmer
than plain knit fabrics.
5. Versatility: Purl structures can be used in a variety of patterns and designs, including ribbing, seed stitch, and moss
stitch, among others.
6. Ease of Learning: Purl stitches are relatively easy to learn, making them a good starting point for beginners who
want to experiment with different stitch patterns.

Overall, purl knitting has several features that make it a popular choice for a variety of knit projects, including its
distinctive texture, reversibility, stretch, warmth, versatility, and ease of learning.
11. Types of purl knitting machine.
There are different types of purl knitting machines that can be used to create purl fabrics. Some of the most common
types include:

1. Flatbed Purl Machines: These machines have a flat bed with needles arranged in a straight line. The needles can be
moved to create different stitch patterns, including purl stitches. Flatbed purl machines can be manual or
computerized and can be used to create a variety of knit fabrics, including ribbing, seed stitch, and moss stitch.
2. Circular Purl Machines: These machines are designed to knit in the round and can be used to create tubular fabrics
such as socks and hats. Circular purl machines have needles arranged in a circular formation and can be set up to
create a variety of stitch patterns, including purl stitches.
3. Jacquard Purl Machines: These machines are similar to flatbed machines but have the added capability of creating
intricate designs and patterns in the fabric. Jacquard purl machines use a series of punched cards or a computer
program to control the needles and create complex designs in the fabric.
4. Warp Knitting Machines: These machines are designed to create purl fabrics by using a series of warp yarns that
are interlaced with a weft yarn to create a purl-like texture. Warp knitting machines are often used to create fabrics
such as netting, tulle, and lace.

Overall, there are several types of purl knitting machines that can be used to create a variety of purl fabrics, each with its
own advantages and limitations. The choice of machine will depend on the desired end product, the complexity of the
design, and the available resources

12. Knitting sequence of flatbed purl knitting machine.

The knitting sequence of a flatbed purl knitting machine varies depending on the specific machine and the desired stitch
pattern. However, a general sequence for creating purl stitches on a flatbed machine may include the following steps:

1. Cast on: The first step is to cast on the required number of stitches on the needles, using a cast-on method
appropriate for the desired stitch pattern.
2. Set up the machine: Set up the machine according to the specifications of the pattern being used, including the
stitch size, tension, and needle position.
3. Knit the first row: The first row is typically knit in the opposite direction to the desired direction of the purl stitches.
This is called the preparation or foundation row and is usually worked in knit stitches.
4. Purl the second row: On the second row, the needles are arranged in a way that allows them to create purl
stitches. The yarn is placed in front of the needles, and the needles are lowered to catch the yarn and create a purl
stitch. The process is repeated across the row until all the stitches have been worked.
5. Repeat rows: The second row is typically repeated for subsequent rows, creating a consistent purl fabric. However,
different stitch patterns may require different sequences of knitting and purling rows.
6. Bind off: Once the desired length of fabric has been reached, the stitches are bound off to secure the edge of the
fabric.

Overall, the sequence for creating purl stitches on a flatbed knitting machine involves setting up the machine, knitting a
foundation row, purling the subsequent rows, and binding off to finish the fabric. The specific steps and stitch patterns
used will depend on the desired end product and the capabilities of the machine being used.
13. Cam system for purl knitting.
The cam system for purl knitting is similar to that used in other types of knitting machines, but with some differences to
accommodate the unique requirements of purl stitches. In general, the cam system is responsible for controlling the
movement of the needles and creating the desired stitch pattern.

In purl knitting, the cam system typically consists of two types of cams: the needle cam and the sinker cam.

The needle cam controls the up-and-down movement of the needles, while the sinker cam controls the movement of the
sinkers, which are responsible for holding down the yarn as the needles form the stitches.

In flatbed purl knitting machines, the needle cam has a shape that allows the needle to move up and down while also
moving forward and backward to create the purl stitch. The sinker cam is designed to work in tandem with the needle
cam, moving the sinkers up and down at the appropriate time to help create the purl stitch.

In circular purl knitting machines, the cams are arranged in a circular pattern to match the shape of the machine. The
needle cam and sinker cam work together to create the purl stitch as the fabric is knit in the round.

More advanced purl knitting machines, such as those used for jacquard knitting, may have multiple sets of cams to control
the movement of the needles and the placement of the different colored yarns. These machines may also use computer
programs to create complex stitch patterns and designs.

Overall, the cam system for purl knitting is essential for creating high-quality purl fabrics with precise stitch patterns and
consistent tension. The specific design of the cam system will vary depending on the type of purl knitting machine being
used and the desired end product.

15. Draw automatic loop transfer process on V bed for purl knitting
Automatic loop transfer process on a V-bed knitting machine for purl knitting:

In V-bed purl knitting, the automatic loop transfer process is used to transfer the loops from the back bed to the front bed
of the machine in order to create the purl stitches. This process involves a series of cams and other mechanisms that work
together to transfer the loops automatically.

The process begins with the knitting of the first row, which is typically knit in the opposite direction to the desired purl
stitches. Once the first row is complete, the automatic loop transfer process can begin.

As the carriage moves from one side of the machine to the other, a transfer cam and transfer sinker work together to
transfer the loops from the back bed to the front bed. The transfer sinker moves up to hold the loops on the back bed,
while the transfer cam moves the needles on the front bed up and forward to catch the loops and create the purl stitch.

Once the transfer is complete, the needles on the back bed are reset to their original position, and the carriage moves
back across the machine to begin the next row of knitting. The process is repeated for each row of purl knitting, with the
loops being automatically transferred from the back bed to the front bed.

Overall, the automatic loop transfer process on a V-bed knitting machine is a complex and precise mechanism that allows
for efficient and high-quality purl knitting. The specific details of the process will vary depending on the specific machine
being used, but the basic principles of loop transfer and needle movement are the same.
16. Description/ requirements of purl knitting machine.
Purl knitting machines are specialized knitting machines designed specifically for producing purl stitches. These machines
come in a variety of types, including flatbed machines and circular machines, and can be used for a wide range of
applications, from basic knitwear to intricate lace designs.

The requirements for a purl knitting machine will depend on the specific type of machine being used and the desired end
product, but in general, a purl knitting machine will need to have the following features:

1. Needle bed: The needle bed is where the needles are mounted and arranged in a specific pattern to create the
desired stitch pattern. The size and shape of the needle bed will depend on the specific machine being used and
the desired end product.
2. Cam system: The cam system is responsible for controlling the movement of the needles and creating the desired
stitch pattern. The cam system may include multiple sets of cams, depending on the complexity of the desired
stitch pattern.
3. Sinker system: The sinker system works in conjunction with the needles to help form the stitches and control the
tension of the yarn. The sinker system may include multiple sets of sinkers, depending on the specific machine
being used.
4. Yarn feeders: Yarn feeders are responsible for delivering the yarn to the needles and sinkers. The number and
placement of the yarn feeders will depend on the specific machine being used and the desired end product.
5. Carriage: The carriage is used to move the needles and sinkers across the needle bed, creating the desired stitch
pattern. The design and construction of the carriage will depend on the specific machine being used.
6. Tension control: Tension control is important in purl knitting to ensure that the stitches are formed evenly and
with the correct tension. Purl knitting machines may include various mechanisms for controlling yarn tension, such
as tension disks or weights.
7. Control system: More advanced purl knitting machines may include computerized control systems for creating
complex stitch patterns and designs. These systems may include software for designing the patterns, as well as
sensors and other mechanisms for controlling the movement of the needles and yarn.

Overall, the requirements for a purl knitting machine will depend on the specific type of machine being used and the
desired end product. However, all purl knitting machines will need to have the basic features described above, including a
needle bed, cam system, sinker system, yarn feeders, carriage, tension control, and control system (depending on the level
of automation).

17. Distinguish between interlock and purl knitting

Interlock knitting and purl knitting are two different types of knitting techniques that produce distinct stitch patterns. Here
are the key differences between interlock and purl knitting:

1. Stitch pattern: Interlock knitting produces a double-sided fabric with two interlocking rows of stitches, while purl
knitting produces a fabric with alternating rows of knit and purl stitches.
2. Needle arrangement: Interlock knitting requires two needle beds with needles arranged in a staggered pattern,
while purl knitting can be done on a single needle bed with needles arranged in a straight line.
3. Yarn usage: Interlock knitting requires more yarn than purl knitting, as it creates a denser fabric with interlocking
stitches. Purl knitting creates a more open fabric with alternating stitches, so it uses less yarn.
4. Machine requirements: Interlock knitting machines have two needle beds and two sets of cams to control the
movement of the needles, while purl knitting machines typically have one needle bed and one set of cams.
5. Stretch: Interlock knitting has more stretch than purl knitting, as the interlocking stitches allow the fabric to stretch
in both directions. Purl knitting has less stretch, as the alternating stitches create a more rigid fabric.
6. Versatility: Interlock knitting is well-suited for creating double-sided fabrics and reversible garments, while purl
knitting is more versatile and can be used for a wide range of stitch patterns and designs.

In summary, interlock knitting and purl knitting are two distinct techniques with different stitch patterns, needle
arrangements, yarn usage, machine requirements, stretch, and versatility. The choice between interlock and purl knitting
will depend on the desired end product and the specific design requirements.