UNIT 11: DESKTOP PUBLISHING 11.1 Discussions related desktop publishing. A. In pairs, discuss these questions. L. What kind of documents can be produced with a desktop publishing system? 2. Page layout software is the key component of the desktop publishing system, Which file types can be imported into a page layout program? 11.2, Reading: What is desktop publishing? A. Read the text below and check your answers to A. Desktop publishing (DTP) refers to the use of computers to design and publish books, brochures, newsletters, magazines and other printed pieces. DTP is really a combination of several different processes including word processing, graphic design, information design, output and pre-press technologies, and sometimes image manipulation, DIP centres around a page layout program. Typically, a layout program is used to import texts created in word processing programs; charts and graphs from spreadsheet programs; drawings and illustrations created in CAD, drawing or paint programs; and photographs. The program is then used to combine and arrange them all on a page, It is this ability to manipulate so many different items and control how they are used that makes layout software so popular and useful. However, modem word processors also have publishing capabilities, meaning the line separating such programs from DTP software is becoming less clear. In general, though, powerful new publishing systems use high-quality scalable fonts and give you control over typographic features such as kerning (adjusting the spaces between letters to achieve even, consistent spacing). Another key feature of DTP software is text flow - the ability to put text around graphic objects in a variety of ways. Once composed, DTP documents are printed on a laser printer or on a high resolution imagessetter . For transfer to a commercial printer, the documents are generally saved in their native page layout format (such as Adobe InDesign or (QuarkXPress) or as PDF files. PDF stands for Portable Document Format and allows people to view, search and print documents exactly as the publisher intended - you don't need to have the software and fonts used to create it. PDF files ean be published and distributed anywhere: in print, attached to email, posted on websites, or on DVD. To open a PDF file, only the Adobe Acrobat Reader (a free download) is required. In modem commercial printing, DTP files are output directly to the printing plates without using film as an intermediate step. This new technology is known as Computer-To-Plate (CTP) or direct to plate, and the machine that generates plates for a printing press is called a plate-setter. CTP machines are expensive, so most mipeople take their files to a service bureau, a company that specializes in printing other people's files. Service bureaux offer a full range of scanning and printing solutions. (Source: Infotech — English for computer users -Forth edition) B. Read the text again and answer these questions. 1, What type of software is used for the creation of DIP documents? 2, What are three differences between DTP software and word processors? 3. What is a PDF and what can it do? 4. Which program do you need to view a PDF document? 5. Why do people send their DTP files to service bureaw CC. Find words in the text with the following meanings. 1 Shape, style and size of the typeface, for example Courier at [Opt The process of adjusting the space between characters. Feature that enables you to wrap text around image to be printed Metal surfaces that carry the image to be printed 4 5 A machine that creates the printing plates. 11.3 Consolidation 11.3.1. Choose the best ans 1, What is “DTP - Desktop Publishing”? A. Itisa software B. It is a graphic design program C. Its the use of PCs to make books, magazines... D. It is a software to create fonts 2, What is “inverting”? A. Turing colours to different colours B, Turning black to white and white to black C. Making pictures bigger D. Putting two opposite colors next to each other to make 3" color 3. Tuming an image round means A. inverting B, zooming C. rotating D. black and white dithering 4, What is the different extension? A zip B. sar c. sit D, avi 125, How can we make a picture bigger? A. Point on the picture, hold down the mouse and drag, B. Double click on the picture C. Grab one comer of the picture and drag, D. None of the above 6. What is “layout” A. printout of document B, viewing area C. margin of a page D. arrangement of text and images 7. What is the smallest element of a picture? A. bit B. pixel C. A& Bare correct D. A&B are not correct. 8, Why is resolution important? A. Because it makes pictures larger B. Because it make pictures clearer C. Because it makes pictures more colorful D. All are correct. 9. What is an arrow that moves around a desktop? A. Scroll bar B. icon C. animation D. pointer 10. When can we find a pull-down menu? A. When we open a window box B. When we drag the mouse C, When we click on a name in menu bar D. When we double click on an icon 1.3.2, Fill in a blank with a suitable word. Each tiny dot on the screen of a computer is (I)....--s.. @ pieture element or pixels. Images and text are formed by combining a large(2)... - of pixels. In a bit-mapped display, the dots displayed on the screen correspond, pixel by pixel, with bits in the(3) memory of the computer. The bits are held in an area of the memory called the ‘refresh buffer’ and are stored (4)... groups that represent the horizontal and vertical position of the pixels(5) the sereen and whether the pixels are on or off. 3‘On monochrome systems, one bit in this ‘map' represents one pixel on the sereen and can (6). cither ‘on’ or ‘off (black or white). On colour systems, each pixel is a certain combination (7)......... the three primary colours: red, green and blue. The total number of colours which can be (8).... on the ser palette. The size of this palette depends on the graphics adaptor, a separate video card ©) converts the bits into visual signals. A graphics adaptor with I bit per primary colour can generate up to 8, or 2 colours, as you can see( 10). the table fon page 20. A graphics adaptor with 8 bits per primary colour can generate 16.7 million or 8 colours, n is called the colour (Source: Infotech — English for computer users “Second edition). 11.3.3 Translate the following passage into Vietnamese. As central computers became faster and more powerful, it was possible to establish many remote display stations from which operators could all use the same computer to display information and enter data. Later, even the small machines were equipped with a fairly large display sereen and keyboard oriented towards use by a person with limited training, rather than by a highly skilled computer operator. For many interactions with computers a permanent record is unne therefore, output that is scanned once and then thrown away procedures a lot of wasted paper. To solve this problem cathode ray tube (CRT) terminal can be used. In addition to eliminating paper waste, these terminals are completely silent and frequently much safer than hard-copy terminals. Because of their speed and quiemess, CRT terminals are very useful interactive devices for use in offices and in other areas. The electronic circuitry used in them is very much the same as that in the familiar TV (video) set. ‘These display terminals are diverse and colorful. The original video output was single-colour (black and white) upper-case letters, but in more highly developed devices, lower-case letters can be displayed, and some give options of blinking and dual-density characters, Certain screens can produce “negative” (dark) characters on a bright’ background or even make each character a different colour, if so desired. The latter is an important fe abnormal. essary; ture in order to catch someone's attention when a value is More sophisticated sereens can generate continuous lines for graphic displays. ‘The simplest of these are monochromatic and may have: strictly limited graphic applications. For example, they may use special characters strung together in order to form lines that look continuous, or they may be restricted regarding the number and the shape of curves that can be drawn at once. Multicolor pictorial graphics are extremely useful in emphasizing contrast, and have been used with good result in nuclear medicine, where differences in intensity would be too subtle if shades of only one colour were used. uaThe full power of visual display terminals may soon be realized. Already dynamic (motion) graphics output devices that display simple changing scenes have been developed for flight trainers and compute impact on the use of computer-assisted instructions ( colleges. Besides screens, a wide variety of devices called plotters and are used to produce permanent copies of graphics output. The first plotter developed used a pen that moved back and forth actoss the rotating drum to which paper was attached. These devices produced results which were both quite accurate and reasonably fast. Other plotters featuring a moving pen in two dimensions are relatively slow, because not only are they mechanical devices, but also most can produce only one continuously line at @ time, However, the modem electrostatic plotter, an extension of the previously mentioned electrostatic printer, can obtain slightly less artistic results in seconds because it doesn't depend on a moving pen. This is because it electronically generates pattems of dots in a line across the page to make up a pictur Graphic output may be an effective altemative to high-speed hard-copy output where graphs are more useful than columns of numbers for showing results. Most of the time, a graph is not only better than columns and pages of printed numbers, but also has the advantages of being quicker to produce and easier to understand and file, Pen plotters have been used a great deal in scientific research, where results are often expressed in terms of graphs. In recent years, new output devices have been developed to bridge the gaps between the various devices just described. For instance, terminals with both video mnerated movies. These devie could have an important CAI) techniques in school and sereen and hard-copy output are now available, These devices don't waste paper, since hard copy is produced only when a permanent record is needed, Terminals of this nature are used in applications where relevant personal data is needed which can be corrected or edited on a screen before a hard copy is made. University registration or patient registration are two areas where these devices save time and money, because @ new hard copy need be produced only if something has changed from the previous registration or visit. Finally, there are electrostatic printer-plotters available which produce both print and graphic displays with equal facility. It is possible with these devices to change the style and size of the letters at the users ‘wish and to have graphs and displays interspersed between the printed lines. It is therefore very clear that in modern times, the converging technologies of printers, plotters, and graphic displays have resulted in the creation of a few hybrid devices capable of doing many things, (Source: English for computer science, Nha xudt ban thing ke) us