MAMMALS

Mammals are vertebrates, this means they have backbone. Mammals are some of the most
intelligent and diverse animals on Earth. Mammals can walk, fly, swim or hop.
Most mammals have hair or fur to keep warm.
Marine mammals have thick skin to keep warm.

Nutrition → mammals can be carnivores (they eat meat), herbivores (they eat plants) or
omnivores (they eat both). They have different types of teeth: incisiors for cutting food, canines for
tearing meat, and molars for chewing.

Reproduction → Most mammals are viviparous. This means the baby fully develops inside the
mother first, then the mother gives birth.
Mammals drink their mother’s milk after they are born to receive nutrients.

Respiration → mammals breath with their lungs. Marine mammals, such as whale and dolphins,
must go up to the surface of the ocean to get oxygen. They breath through a hole located on their
backs, called a blow hole.

Choose the correct words to complete the sentences:

Mammals are vertebrates / invertebrates.
Mammals usually have scales / fur.
Mammals are usually oviparous /viviparous.
Most mammals breath with lungs / blow holes.
Mammals have different types of lungs / teeth.
Marine mammals have thick skin / lots of fur to keep warm.
Baby mammals receive nutrients form fruit and vegetables / their mother’s milk.

BIRDS AND REPTILES

Birds are vertebrates. All birds have wings. Their feathers help them protect their bodies, stay
warm and attract other birds.
Nutrition: birds can be carnivores, herbivores or omnivores. Their beaks have different shapes
depending on their diet.
Reproduction: birds are oviparous. Oviparous animals lay eggs. Birds build a nest to protect their
eggs.
Respiration: birds breath with lungs.
Reptiles are vertebrates. Most reptiles have four legs. They have scales to protect their bodies.
Some have a shell.
Nutrition: most reptiles are carnivores and eat small animals, like fish and frogs. Some reptiles are
omnivores.
Reproduction: reptiles are oviparous. They do not look after their offspring. The offspring look the
same as the adults.
Respirarion: reptiles breath with lungs.

AMPHIBIANS AND FISH

Amphibians are vertebrates. They live in fresh water or on land near rivers. Most amphibians
have four legs.
Nutrition: most amphibians are carnivores.
Reproduction: amphibians are oviparous. The offspring are aquatic and change into adults
through metamorphosis.
Respiration: the offspring breath with gills. Adults breath with lungs and through their moist skin.

Fish are vertebrates. THey have scales to protect their bodies. they have a tail and fins to help
keep balance and swim,
Nutrition: fish can be carnivores, herbivores or omnivores.
Reproduction: most fish are oviparous. They can lay millions of eggs at a time.
Respiration: fish breathe with gills. The gills have capillaries which absorb oxygen from the water,

Complete with the word bank.

gills - nest - lungs - fur - scales - omnivores - thick skin

viviparous - moist skin - no legs - oviparous - shell

Mammals Birds Fish Amphibians Reptiles

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