Gear Hobbing –

Par ts, Working,

Diagram, Advantages,
Disadvantages
Written by Sachin Thorat ● in
Manufacturing Technology

Table of Contents
0.1. Gear Cutting :
0.2. Gear Hobbing Process – Introduction 
0.2.1. Construction Of Gear Hobbing
Machine 
0.2.2. Working Of Gear Hobbing :
0.2.3. Gear Hobbing Parameters : 
0.2.4. Types Of Hobbing Process : 
0.2.5. Advantages and Limitations of Gear
Hobbing Process
0.2.6. Disadvantages of Gear Hobbing
machine : 
0.2.7. Applications of Gear hobbing :

Gear Cutting :
A gear is a rotating machine part having cut
teeth, which mesh with another toothed part to
transmit torque. Gear is cut from round blank
carrying teeth along its periphery. Gear cutting
is a specialized job. Gear cutting is any
machining process for creating a gear. The
most common gear-cutting processes include
hobbing, broaching, milling, and grinding. Such
cutting operations may occur either after or
instead of forming processes such as forging,
extruding, investment casting, or sand casting.

Gear Hobbing
Process –
Introduction
Hobbing is a continuous gear generation
process widely used in the industry for high or
low volume production of external cylindrical
gears. Gear hobbing is one of the major
manufacturing processes in the industry.
Modern engineering practice is continually
increasing its demands for more gearing of old
and new types with a higher and higher degree
of accuracy.

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Construction Of Gear
Hobbing Machine
Hob– In this process, the gear blank is
rolled with a rotating cutter called a hob.
Gear hobbing is done by using a multipoint
cutting tool called gear hob. It looks like a
worm gear having a number of straight
flutes all around its periphery parallel to its
axis. These flutes are so shaped by giving
proper angles to them so that these work as
cutting edges.

In gear hobbing operation, the hob is rotated

at a suitable rpm and simultaneously fed to
the gear blank.

The gear blank is also kept as revolving.

Rpm of both, gear blank and gear hob are
so synchronized that for each revolution of
gear bob the gear blank rotates by a
distance equal to one pitch distance of the
gear to be cut.

The motion of both gear blank and hob is

maintained continuously and steady. A gear
hob is shown in Figure and the process of
gear hobbing is illustrated in Figure

The hob teeth behave like screw threads,

having a definite helix angle. During
operation the hob is tilted to helix angle so
that its cutting edges remain square with the
gear blank.

Gear hobbing is used for making a wide

variety of gears like spur gear, helical,
hearing-bone, splines and gear sprockets,
etc.

Process Of Gear Hobbing

Working Of Gear
Hobbing :
Gear hobbing is a process in which gear is
cut by a generating process by rotating the
gear blank and the cutter called a hob at the
same time with a fixed gearing ratio
between hob and gear blank. In this process
the gear blank is fed towards the rotating
hob until the required depth is reached. The
hob is fed across the face of the blank until
all the teeth are complete.

In hobbing spur gear the hob teeth are set

parallel to the axis of rotation of the blank.
For helical teeth bobbing, the axis of the hob
is set over an angle to produce the proper
helix. While worm gears are produced with
the axis of the hob set the right angle to the
gear blank.

Generally two techniques are used in the

hobbing process.

i) Conventional hobbing
ii) Climb hobbing.

The rate of production is quite high as

compared to the other gear generating
processes. The process can be used for the
production of spur, helical, worm gears,
sprockets, splines, etc. But due to the rotary
cutter cutting up to the shoulder is not
possible.

Gear Hobbing
Parameters :
Three important parameters are to be
controlled in the process of gear hobbing
indexing movement, feed rate, and the angle
between the axis of gear blank and gear
hobbing tool (gear hob).

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Read More : 

Gear Cutting- Gear Manufacturing |

Interview Question and Answers

19 Methods Of Manufacturing Of all

types of Gears

Types Of Hobbing
Process :
The process of gear hobbing is classified into
different types according to the directions of
feeding the hob for gear cutting. The
classification is described as given below.
Hobbing with Axial Feed
In this process the gear hob is fed against the
gear blank along the face of the blank and
parallel to its axis. This is used to make spur
and helical gears.
Hobbing with Radial Feed
In this method the hob and gear blanks are set
with their axis normal to each other. The
rotating hob is fed against the gear blank in
radial direction or perpendicular to the axis of
gear blank. This method is used to make the
worm wheels.
Hobbing with Tangential Feed
This is also used for cutting teeth on the worm
wheel. In this case, the hob is held with its axis
horizontal but at the right angle to the axis of
the blank. The hob is set at full depth of the
tooth and then fed forward axially. The hob is
fed tangentially to the face of the gear blank.

Advantages and
Limitations of Gear
Hobbing Process
Advantages of gear hobbing process
are described below :
(a) Gear hobbing is a fast and continuous
process so it is realized as an economical
process as compared to other gear generation
processes.
(b) Lower production cycle time, i.e. faster
production rate.
(c) The process has a larger variability’s in the
following of sense as compared to other gear
machining processes.
(i) Capable to make a wide variety of gears like
spur gear, helical gears, worms, splines,
sprockets, etc.
(ii) The process of required indexing (named
so) is quite simplified and capable to make any
number of teeth with consistent accuracy of the
module.
(iii) A special type of gear named herringbone
gear cam be generated by gear hobbing
exclusively.
(iv) A wide variety of batch sizes (small to large
volume) can be accommodated by this
process.
(d) Several gear blanks, mounted on the same
arbor, can be processed simultaneously.
(e) Hob is a multipoint cutting tool having multi
cutting teeth or edges at a time few number of
cutting edges work so lots of time is available
to dissipate the generated heat. There is no
overheating and cutting tool.

Disadvantages of Gear
Hobbing machine :
1. Not adopted to generate internal gears.
2. Restricted adjacent shoulders larger than
the root diameter of the gear.
3. Splines and serrations are not suitable for
hobbing.

Applications of Gear
hobbing :
1. It is widely used to produce spur, helical
gears, worms, and worm wheels.
2. It can also be used for producing internal
gears for which the machine should have a
facility for fitting a special head.

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Sachin Thorat
Sachin is a B-TECH graduate in Mechanical
Engineering from a reputed Engineering
college. Currently, he is working in the sheet
metal industry as a designer. Additionally, he
has interested in Product Design, Animation,
and Project design. He also likes to write
articles related to the mechanical
engineering field and tries to motivate other
mechanical engineering students by his
innovative project ideas, design, models and
videos.

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3 t h o u g h t s o n ““G Ge a r
Hobbing – Parts,
Wo r k i n g , D i a g ra m ,
A d va n t a g e s ,
D i s a d va n t a g e ss””
Gear Hob says:
May 28, 2022 at 2:01 pm

Hi There,
Thanks for sharing the information about
Gear Hobbing , its working process their
types and advantages and disadvantages.
Thanks for taking the time to discuss this
topic . I really appreciate it.
Keep update it….

Reply

Gear Hob Cutter says:

June 10, 2022 at 2:32 pm

Hi there,
what a wonderful post. your post is very
educative and thoughtful. All points of this
post is clearly described . construction of
hobbing machine point is very interesting
because u shown it with images.
keep it….

Reply

Gloria tororei says:

June 13, 2022 at 8:56 pm

Thanks for this important discussion keep

it up.

Reply

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