This document contains mathematical equations and expressions involving variables such as x, y, N, and K. It defines relationships between sums, differences, and products of these variables under certain conditions like x being greater than or less than 0. The key information and relationships are expressed using mathematical symbols and operators.
This document contains mathematical equations and expressions involving variables such as x, y, N, and K. It defines relationships between sums, differences, and products of these variables under certain conditions like x being greater than or less than 0. The key information and relationships are expressed using mathematical symbols and operators.
This document contains mathematical equations and expressions involving variables such as x, y, N, and K. It defines relationships between sums, differences, and products of these variables under certain conditions like x being greater than or less than 0. The key information and relationships are expressed using mathematical symbols and operators.