Exercise 5.

Measures of Variability
(Ungrouped Data)

1. Determine the, Range, MAD, Variance, Standard deviation and the interquartile range on the
following data.

44 18 39 40 59
46 59 37 15 73
23 19 90 58 35
82 14 38 27 24
71 25 39 84 70

SOLUTION:

MEAN

∑fM 1,129
𝑋̅̄ = n = 25 = 𝟒𝟓. 𝟏𝟔

VARIANCE

̅̅̅̅̅
𝛴(𝑥−𝑋 )2 (14−45.16)2 +(15−45.16)2 +(18−45.16)2 +...+(90−45.16)2
S2= =
𝑁−1 25−1

Data (x - 𝑋̅) (x – 𝑥̅ )2

14 -35.16 970.9456
15 -30.16 909.6256
18 -27.16 737.6656
19 -26.16 684.3456
23 -22.16 491.0656
24 -21.16 447.7456
25 -20.16 406.4256
27 -18.16 329.7856
35 -10.16 103.2256
37 -8.16 66.5856
38 -7.16 51.2656
39 -6.16 37.9456
39 -6.16 37.9456
40 -5.16 26.6256
44 -1.16 1.3456
 46 0.84 0.7056
58 12.84 164.8656
59 13.84 191.5456
59 13.84 191.5456
70 24.84 617.0256
71 25.84 667.7056
73 27.84 775.0656
82 36.84 1357.1856
84 38.84 1508.5456
90 44.84 2010.6256
∑x = 1,129 ∑(x-𝒙̅)2 =
12,787.36

12,787.36
S2= 25−1
= 532.81

STANDARD DEVIATION:

S = √532.81 = 23.08

S = 23.08

2. Find the population variance and population standard deviation for the following data.

120 080 516 378

392 280 143 532
453 672 862 061
380 420 546 611

SOLUTION:

MEAN

∑fM 6,446
𝑋̅̄ = n = 16 = 𝟒𝟎𝟐. 𝟖𝟖

Data (x - 𝑋̅) (x – 𝑥̅ )2

61 -341.88 116878.52
80 -322.88 104248.27
120 -282.88 80018.266
143 -259.88 67535.016
 280 -122.88 15098.266
378 -24.88 618.76563
380 -22.88 523.26563
392 -10.88 118.26563
420 17.12 293.26563
453 50.12 2512.5156
516 113.12 12797.266
532 129.12 16673.266
546 143.12 20484.766
611 208.12 43316.016
672 269.12 72428.266
862 459.12 210795.77
∑x = 6,446 ∑(x-𝒙̅)2 =
764,339.75

POPULATION VARIANCE

̅̅̅̅)2
∑(𝑋−𝑋 764,339.75
𝜎2 = = = 47,771.23
𝑁 16

POPULATION STANDARD DEVIATION:

𝜎 = √𝜎 2 = √47,771.23

𝝈 = 218.57

3. Find the sample variance and sample standard deviation for the following data.

57 88 68 43 93
63 51 37 77 83
66 60 38 52 28
34 52 60 57 29
92 37 38 17 67

SOLUTION:

MEAN:
𝛴𝑋 1,387
𝑥̅ = ; 𝑥̅ = = 55.48
𝑁 25
 Data (x - 𝑋̅) (x – 𝑥̅ )2

17 -38.48 1480.71
28 -27.48 755.15
29 -26.48 701.19
34 -21.48 461.39
37 -18.48 341.51
37 -18.48 341.51
38 -17.48 305.55
38 -17.48 305.55
43 -12.48 155.75
51 -4.48 20.0704
52 -3.48 12.1104
52 -3.48 12.1104
57 1.52 2.3104
57 1.52 2.3104
60 4.52 20.4304
60 4.52 20.4304
63 7.52 56.5504
66 10.52 110.67
67 11.52 132.71
68 12.52 156.75
77 21.52 463.11
83 27.52 757.35
88 32.52 1057.55
92 36.52 1333.71
93 37.52 1407.75
∑x = 1,387 ∑(x-𝒙̅)2 =
10,414.2

SAMPLE VARIANCE:

10,414.23
S2 = = 433.93
25−1

SAMPLE STANDARD DEVIATION:

S = √433.93 = 20.83
4. A sample of 12 small accounting firms reveals the following numbers of professionals per
office.
6, 8, 10, 13, 11, 9, 7, 15, 12, 5, 13, 4

SOLUTION:

MEAN:
𝛴𝑋 113
𝑥̅ = ; 𝑥̅ = = 9.42
𝑁 12

Data (x - 𝑋̅) (x – 𝑥̅ )2

4 -5.4167 29.3403
5 -4.4167 19.5069
6 -3.4167 11.6736
7 -2.4167 5.84028
8 -1.4167 2.00694
9 -0.4167 0.17361
10 0.58333 0.34028
11 1.58333 2.50694
12 2.58333 6.67361
13 3.58333 12.8403
13 3.58333 12.8403
15 5.58333 31.1736
∑x = 113 ∑(x-𝒙
̅)2 =
134.917

VARIANCE:
134.917
S2 = = 12.27
12−1

STANDARD DEVIATION:

S = √12.27 = 3.50
5. Shown below are the top food and drug stores in United States in a recent year according to
Fortune magazine.
Company Revenues ($ billions)
Kroger 66.11
Walgreen 47.41
CVS/Caremark 43.81
Safeway 40.19
Publix Super Markets 21.82
Supervalu 19.86
Rite Aid 17.27
Winn-Dixie Stores 7.88________
264.35

SOLUTION:

MEAN:

∑fM 264.35
𝑋̅̄ = n = 8 = 𝟑𝟑. 𝟎𝟒

Data (x - 𝑋̅) (x – 𝑥̅ )2

7.88 -25.164 633.214

17.27 -15.774 248.811
19.86 -13.184 173.811
21.82 -11.224 125.973
40.19 7.14625 51.0689
43.81 10.7663 115.912
47.41 14.3663 206.389
66.11 33.0663 1093.38
∑x = 264.35 ∑(x-𝒙̅)2 =
2,648.56

VARIANCE:

̅̅̅̅)2
∑(𝑋−𝑋 2,648.56
𝜎2 = = = 331.07
𝑁 8

STANDARD DEVIATION:

𝜎 = √𝜎 2 = √331.07

𝝈 = 18.20