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BL0942 built-in clock calibration-free metering chip

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2020-04-11 HCJ create, V1.0 : Externally released version;

BL0942 Application Note

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Version Information................................................ ...................................................... .................................1 Chip

features:..... ...................................................... ...................................................... .................1 Chip pin

description: ................................ ...................................................... .................................2 About the conversion of electrical

parameters...... ...................................................... ...................................................... .............3 About Active Power Anti-

creeping Threshold Setting ................................ ...................................................... .................4 PCB Design

Considerations ................................................ ...................................................... .................................5

BL0942 is a special chip developed by Shanghai Belling Co., Ltd. for power measurement in the field of
Internet of Things. It has the advantages of small size (SSOP10L/TSSOP14 package), simple peripheral circuit
and low cost.

Chip features:

ÿ Two independent Sigma-Delta ADCs, one current and one voltage. ÿ Current

RMS range (10mA~35A)@1mohm ÿ Active energy (1w~7700w)@1mohm ÿ Can

measure current and voltage RMS, fast current RMS, active power, current and

voltage waveform ÿ Batch factory gain error is less than 1% , the peripheral components can be free of

calibration under certain conditions ÿ The current channel has over-current monitoring function, the

monitoring threshold and response time can be set ÿ Voltage/current zero-crossing signal output

ÿ Built-in waveform register, can output waveform data for load type analysis

ÿ Integrated SPI (the fastest speed supports 900KHz)/UART (4800-38400bps) communication mode ÿ The

single working power supply of the chip is 3.3V, and the low power consumption is 10mW (typical value)

Take SOP10L package as an example

Shanghai Belling Co., Ltd. 1/5 V1.0

No. 810 Yishan Road, Shanghai 021-24261428 or 17317285186
www.belling.com.cn
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BL0942 built-in clock calibration-free metering chip

Chip pin description:

10
VDD 1
TX/SDO

UART/SPI communication interface

Current sampling signal IP 2 9
RX/SDI

35mV rms
8
IN 3 SCLK_BPS

Voltage sampling signal VP 4 7 THIS

70mV rms
GND 5 6 CF1 Energy pulse output or configuration output

SSOP10L

pin number symbol illustrate

1 VDD Power supply (+3.3V)

2,3 IP, IN Analog input of current channel, maximum differential voltage of pins ±50mV (35mV rms)

4 VP Voltage signal input terminal, maximum differential voltage ±100mV (70mV rms)

5 GND chip ground

6 CF1 Power status output, configurable by OT_FUNX register, output various power information

7 THIS UART/SPI communication mode selection (0: UART 1: SPI), there is a pull-down resistor inside,

Floating is 0 level (UART), the pin is directly connected to VDD is high level (SPI)

8 SCLK_BPS SPI mode clock input, in UART mode, baud rate can be selected

9 RX/SDI UART/SPI multiplexed pin, UART RX/SPI DIN

10 TX/SDO UART/SPI multiplexed pin, UART TX/SPI DOUT, requires external pull-up resistor

Application circuit diagram:

Take resistance sampling as an example to illustrate, and transformer can also be used for sampling;

L N

220V ÿ 3.3V

AC ÿ DC

510
BL 0 9 4 2

VDD

RL 68nF
IN

Alloy resistance RX/SDI

IP
1mÿ
510
68nF Uart/SPI
TX/SDO MCU

CF1

CF2/ZX
VP
GND

R1

load

R2

Notice:

Shanghai Belling Co., Ltd. 2/5 V1.0

No. 810 Yishan Road, Shanghai 021-24261428 or 17317285186
www.belling.com.cn
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BL0942 built-in clock calibration-free metering chip

1) CF1 and CF2 pins can be configured as overcurrent alarm output; ZX is used to output voltage zero-crossing signal; if only electrical parameter detection function is required, these

two pins can not be connected to MCU; 2) SPI, UART interface speed, see "BL0942 datasheet v1.0.pdf" for the description of the communication protocol; 3) BL0920 has been adjusted

for gain before leaving the factory. If calibration is not required, the accuracy of peripheral devices is guaranteed to be within 1%; 4) The TX pin needs to be connected to an external

Pull-up resistor;

Considering that the maximum current of smart home products generally does not exceed 16A, the current adopts an alloy resistance of 1 milliohm, and the voltage adopts

The sampling channel reduces the 220V voltage to 57.52mV rms using the resistor divider method and is sampled by the VP pin of the chip.

The connection circuit between BL0942 and MCU is very simple, only need to connect TX, RX, UART communication mode 4800Bps, N, 8, 1 when the system level is the

same. MCU obtains power, voltage, current, power frequency, active energy pulse count through communication frames.

About electrical parameter conversion

When defining products, BL0942 considers that manufacturers of smart home products are not professional measuring instrument manufacturers, do not have professional

calibration equipment, and have relatively low requirements for electric energy measurement accuracy. The smart device only needs to read the power, voltage and current, and

calculate the power consumption according to the active energy pulse count, so the BL0942 circuit ensures that the gain deviation of the chip itself is less than 1% when it leaves the

factory.

If the accuracy of the customer's peripheral devices is 1%, the accuracy of the whole machine can reach within 2% without calibration;

Take the parameters in the application circuit diagram as an example to illustrate:

The current sampling resistance RL is 1 milliohm, and the voltage channel is divided by R2 (390K*5) + R1 (0.51K) to exchange the voltage.

Stream 220V voltage down to mV level signal to VP pin; MCU obtains the register data of BL0942 through Uart interface;

Current RMS register valueÿVref

actual current value= ampere
305978ÿRL

Voltage RMS register valueÿVrefÿ(R2+R1) actual

voltage value= Volt
73989ÿ 1ÿ1000

Active power register valueÿVref2 ÿ(R2+R1)

watt
Actual active power value=
3537ÿRLÿR1ÿ1000

The number of energy pulses is stored in the CF_CNT register;

1638.4ÿ256ÿVref2 ÿ(R2+R1) The amount

of electricity corresponding to each energy pulse = Every time

3600000ÿ3537ÿRLÿR1ÿ1000

The unit of RL is milliohm, the unit of R2, R1 is K ohm; Vref=1.218 volts; Example: I_RMS register value

is 251213, V_RMS register value is 3494335, WATT register value is 137146, CF_CNT register value is 1200; convert according to the formula:

251213ÿ1.218
Actual current value = ÿ1
305978ÿ1

3494335ÿ1.218ÿÿ390ÿ5+0.51ÿ
Actual voltage value = ÿ 219.999 volts
73989ÿ0.51ÿ1000

137146ÿ1.218ÿ1.218ÿÿ390ÿ5+0.51ÿ
actual active power = ÿ 220 watts
3537ÿ1ÿ0.51ÿ1000

1638.4ÿ256ÿ1.218ÿ1.218ÿ(390ÿ5+0.51) After the BL0942

is powered on, the accumulated energy = ÿ 1200 ÿ 0.224 degrees
3600000ÿ3537ÿ1ÿ0.51ÿ1000

Notice:

1) The A_WATT register is the complement mode, if it is negative power, it needs to be converted;

Shanghai Belling Co., Ltd. 3/5 V1.0

No. 810 Yishan Road, Shanghai 021-24261428 or 17317285186

www.belling.com.cn
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BL0942 built-in clock calibration-free metering chip

If current transformer (CT) and voltage transformer (PT) are used for sampling, the typical circuit of the front end is as follows:

Assuming that the transformation ratio of the current transformer CT1 is Rt=2000 (2000:1), the load resistance R5 (3.3 ohms); the voltage transformer (PT1) is a

current-type voltage transformer of 1:1; the load resistance R7=24.9 ohms

Current RMS register valueÿVref Current RMS register valueÿ1.218

actual current value = 305978ÿ(R5ÿ1000)/Rt = ampere
305978ÿ(3.3ÿ1000)/2000

Voltage RMS register valueÿVrefÿ(R8+R9+R10+R11+R12) Actual Voltage RMS register valueÿ1.218ÿ(20ÿ5)

voltage value= =
73978ÿ 7ÿ1000 73978ÿ0.0249ÿ1000

Volt

Active power register valueÿVref2 ÿ(R8+R9+R10+R11+R12) Active power register valueÿ1.2182 ÿ(20ÿ5)
Actual active power value= =
R5ÿ1000
3537ÿÿ ÿÿR7ÿ1000
Rt 3537ÿ( 3.3ÿ1000
2000 )ÿ0.0249ÿ1000

watt

The CF_CNT register stores the number of power pulses; the power

corresponding to each power pulse

= 1638.4ÿ256ÿVref2 ÿÿR8+R9+R10+R11+R12) = 1638.4ÿ256ÿ1.2182 ÿÿ20ÿ5)

R5ÿ1000 3.3ÿ1000
Every time

3600000ÿ3537ÿÿ ÿÿR7ÿ1000 3600000ÿ3537ÿÿ ÿÿ0.0249ÿ1000

Rt 2000

R5 unit is ohm, R7, R8, R9, R10, R11, R12 unit is K ohm; Vref=1.218 volts;

About active power anti-creeping threshold setting

Usually during PCB layout, it may be due to layout traces or external electromagnetic interference, and when there is no load, due to noise signals

Influence, the chip detects noise power, resulting in positive or negative power in the active power register.

BL0942 has a patented power anti-submarine function, which ensures that the board-level noise power will not accumulate power when there is no current

input. Active power anti-creeping threshold register (WA_CREEP), an 8-bit unsigned number, the default is 0BH. The corresponding relationship between

this value and the active power register value is shown in the following formula. When the absolute value of the input active power signal is less than this value, the

output active power register is zero. This allows the output to the active power register to have a value of 0 under no-load conditions, even with small noise signals.

External Internal Read/

address name Bit width default describe
Write Read/Write

0x14 WA_CREEP R/W R 8 0x0B Active power anti-submarine register

WA_CREEP can be set according to the value of the power register WATT, their corresponding relationship

=WATTÿ256
WA_CREEP ÿ

3125
Shanghai Belling Co., Ltd. 4/5 V1.0

No. 810 Yishan Road, Shanghai 021-24261428 or 17317285186

www.belling.com.cn
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BL0942 built-in clock calibration-free metering chip

When the current channel is in the anti-submarine state, the effective value of this channel is not measured, and it is also cut to 0.

The default value of WA_CREEP is 0x0B; the corresponding WATT active power register value=11*3125/256ÿ134;

If a 1 milliohm sampling resistor is used, the voltage is divided by resistor 390K*5+0.51K; the corresponding actual power

=134/623.4=0.215 watts.

In actual application, the setting of the active power anti-creeping threshold register can be improved according to the application requirements, for example, the metering is not required under 1 watt.

The threshold is set to 1W corresponding parameters: =623.4/(3125/256)ÿ51, WA_CREEP=0x33;

PCB needsDesign Considerations

to pay attention when PCB routing:

1) The resistor and capacitor for current sampling should be as close as possible to the BL0942 pin to prevent the lead from being too long and other signals on the PCB.

The interference of the signal line; (the current sampling signal is about 5uV ~ 16mV)

2) In order to reduce the interference to the current sampling signal, the ground wire of the sampling resistor is routed separately from the power ground; the current channel

For differential sampling, the signal traces of IP and IN should be parallel and close together, and the traces on the PCB should be as short as possible.

3) The external circuit parameters of current sampling IP and IN should be as balanced as possible, and the traces should be kept parallel and as short as possible;

4) Since the load current flows through the alloy resistor, it should be noted that the maximum load current may be up to 16A.

The traces connecting the alloy sampling resistors on the board should be as thick as possible (large current traces);

The current sampling differential trace is

routed from the inside of the sampling resistor

The pad connecting the sampling resistor to

GND is routed separately and separated from

the power ground

Power ground pulled from terminal,

separate from current sampling

5) The resistor divider network for voltage sampling reduces the AC 220V voltage to about 57.52mV.

Whether the withstand voltage of the piezoresistor meets the requirements, and consider the creepage distance; keep the distance from the current sampling trace,

prevent signal crosstalk

6ÿ The decoupling capacitor C5 of 3.3V power supply of BL0942 should be as close as possible to the VDD pin of the chip;

Reference: BL0942_Datasheet_V1.0.pdf

Shanghai Belling Co., Ltd. 5/5 V1.0

No. 810 Yishan Road, Shanghai 021-24261428 or 17317285186
www.belling.com.cn