Enconmendia were implemented to solve the issues of governance.

The 3 types of
enconmendia are Royal, Ecclesiastical, and Privado. For royal, the taxes will go to the king
of spain. In Ecclesiastes, the tax will go to the church. And for Privado, the enconmendia
were given to a friend of the king. However, they abolished it and converted the land into
haciendas. The economic condition during the Spanish regime was cruel because the
church and other authorities abused their powers. Several orders were implemented such
as reduccion, to easily monitor the natives. In bandala, it was mandated that the natives
should sell their products to the Spaniards, and the Spaniards would sell them at high price.
In polo y servicios, all Filipinos from 16 to 60 years old were forced to work and do labor for
40 days. To be exempted, they have to pay for falla. In addition, there were 4 kinds of
taxation during those times – the cedula for Filipinos 18 years and above, the sanctorum
that will go to the church, the donativo de Zamboanga for the conquest of Jolo, and the
tribute which may be paid in cash or in kind. To sum up, the economy back then was only in
favor of the higher classes or the Spaniards, and the low class were highly discriminated
and subjected to force labor.

1. Socio-cultural system

The classes were divided into 4 kinds. The highest is the peninsulares, they are the
Spanish born citizens. The second one is the insulares, they are the Spanish that are born
in the Philippines. The third is the creoles, they are the mixed-blooded citizens and consist
of illustrados and principalia. Illustrados are the well-educated Filipinos while Principalia are
the land owners. The lowest class is the indios, which are often discriminated and neglected
as they were poor Filipinos. The socio-cultural system is related to the economic condition,
wherein it is only in the favor of the Spaniards and wealthy Filipinos.

2. Religious

The religious sector was considered as one of the most important part of the Spanish
colonization as they want to spread Catholicism. It was headed by friars, and they also
included these practices on filipinos’ education. These religious establishments played a
huge role in Spanish colonialism. The priests were able to control and dominate parishes
from the secular ones. The religious sector also involved corruption. The priests abused
their power to get lands that they do not own and even collect taxes at higher rate.